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Internetiniai aukcionai plėtojant tarptautinę prekybą dailės kūriniais / Online auctions in the development of international trade by the art worksRudauskaitė, Ina 01 February 2012 (has links)
Baigiamajame magistro darbe nagrinėjamos internetinių aukcionų pritaikymo galimybės tarptautinei prekybai dailės kūriniais. Nagrinėjami pagrindiniai teoriniai principai, kuriais remiantis nustatomos internetinių aukcionų pritaikymo galimybės tarptautinei prekybai dailės kūriniais: dailės kūrinių specifika, teikiama nauda, rinkos dalyviai, internetinių aukcionų sistemos ypatumai, interneto tinklalapio elementų ir kultūrinių skirtumų įtaka tarptautinei prekybai. Pateiktas internetinių aukcionų efektyvumo ir pritaikymo tarptautinei rinkai vertinimo klausimynas, atlikta lyginamoji analizė Lietuvoje ir užsienyje plėtojamų internetinių aukcionų bei internetinių aukcionų pritaikymo tarptautinei prekybai dailės kūriniais perspektyvų analizė. Atsižvelgiant į literatūros šaltinių, statistikos analizę ir atliktus tyrimus, parengiami strateginiai sprendimai, skirti internetiniams aukcionams pritaikyti tarptautinei prekybai dailės kūriniais. Darbo pabaigoje pateikiamos apibendrinamos išvados ir pasiūlymai. / The final master thesis deals with online auction application possibilities of international trade in art works. To the main theoretical principles used to define online auctions range of possibilities of international trade in art works: the specificity of works of art, benefits, market participants, on-line auction system features, web site elements and cultural differences on international trade. There is submitted on-line auction efficiency and adaptation to international market assessment questionnaire, performed a comparative analysis of Lithuania and abroad evolving online auctions and a prospective analysis of online auctions for the international trade in art works. Then, using literary sources, statistical analysis and studies, strategic solutions is being presented, which would improve the online auctions possibilities and orientation of the international trade in art works. Finally the conclusions and suggestions are proposed.
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O graffiti como patrimônio cultural material / Graffiti as material cultural heritageLima, Fábio Rogério Batista [UNESP] 22 March 2018 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2018-03-22 / Não recebi financiamento / Na atualidade vivencia-se o que Bauman (2001) conceituou de modernidade líquida,
identificada como aquela em que as relações humanas e sociais são caracterizadas por não
terem configuração de solidez ou como aquela em que não se conserva forma por muito
tempo; prima-se pela mudança; vive-se das inconstâncias. A natureza desta liquidez é
reconhecida por conta da leveza, da mutabilidade e da mobilidade das relações. A importância
da preservação da memória artística para as futuras gerações também tem mudado. Com o
grande avanço nas tecnologias de reprodução e exposição às massas, obras de arte se
disseminam com a facilidade de circulação das imagens. Essas manifestações estão nos muros
da cidade, locais esses que têm suas superfícies alteradas e apagadas diariamente. Diante
disso, questiona-se como se dá o tratamento documental do graffiti como manifestação de arte
efêmera? Em decorrência, como pressuposto da tese, aponta-se que o tratamento documental
do graffiti, convertido em recurso digital, apresentará elementos para sua consolidação como
patrimônio cultural material. Delimitou-se como objetivo propor como se dá o tratamento
documental do graffiti, convertido em recurso imagético, considerando a ubiquidade, os
aspectos da informação líquida e da ecologia da informação e as novas formas de
disponibilizar o acesso. O estudo apresenta abordagem qualitativa, de natureza descritivoexploratória
tendo como universo de pesquisa projetos de exposições digitais de arte urbana.
omo resultado, verificou-se que o uso estratégico das tecnologias de informação e
comunicação e a aplicação efetiva dos padrões de representação de obras de artes são fatores
determinantes para garantia do armazenamento, recuperação e acesso ubíquo ao patrimônio
cultural material. A proposta de representação documental de graffiti apresenta o padrão de
estrutura de dados R ore - Resources Association Visual versão 4 0, por sua melhor
adequação à descrição da manifestação de arte do tipo graffiti, por possibilitar a correlação
entre obra, imagem e coleções Nesse sentido, foi possível elaborar uma proposta de aplicação
contendo três novos elementos descritivos: "citação cultural", "citação espaço temporal" e
"citação ideológica" como forma de trazer o contexto em que o graffiti foi criado e apresentar
elementos que viabilize a efetivação do graffiti como patrimônio cultural material. / Nowadays we live what Bauman (2001) defined as liquid modernity, it is identified as human
and social relationships that are caracterized by not having solid aspects in it or that one
which doesn´t keep its format for too long; changes are constant and inconsistencies are lived.
The nature of this liquidity is know by the lightness, mutability and mobility of relationships.
The importance of artistic memories preservation has also changed. With the breakthrough in
playback technologies and exposition techniques to majority of people has made works of art
disseminate easily just like images. These manifastations are in the city walls, places that have
their surfaces changed and erased daily. In view of this, one questions how the documentary
treatment of graffiti as a manifestation of ephemeral art takes place? As a consequence of this
thesis, it is pointed out that the documentary treatment of graffiti, converted into a digital
resource, will present elements for its consolidation as material cultural patrimony. The
purpose of this paper was to propose how the graffiti documentary treatment, converted into
an imagery resource, considering the ubiquity, the aspects of net information and information
ecology, and the new ways of making access available, were proposed. The study presents a
qualitative approach, of a descriptive-exploratory nature having as research universe projects
of digital exhibitions of urban art. As a result, it has been found that the strategic use of
information and communication technologies and the effective application of the standards of
representation of works of art are determining factors for guaranteeing storage, retrieval and
ubiquitous access to material cultural heritage. The graffiti document representation proposal
presents the VRA Core - Resources Association Visual Version 4.0 data structure standard,
due to its better adaptation to the description of the graffiti - type art manifestation, as it
allows the correlation between work, image and collections. In this sense, it was possible to
elaborate an application proposal containing three new descriptive elements: "cultural
citation", "citation space" and "ideological citation" as a way to bring the context in which
graffiti was created and present elements that make feasible the graffiti as material cultural
heritage.
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Os desafios da preservação e da exposição de obras de arte: o caso do acervo Piranesi na Biblioteca NacionalLima, Gilvânia Faria de 20 May 2016 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2016-05-20 / The aim of this work is to investigate how the National Library responds to the challenge of preserving and providing access to its extensive archives, taking the Piranesi collection as the case study here. The collection has 1,600 prints that make up 26 works by the Italian artist Giovanni Battista Piranesi (1720-1778). This study examines the history of the field of conservation-restoration of cultural property, the development of the preservation department at the National Library for paper collections and the formal procedures to access the institute. The analysis of conservation-restoration interventions carried out during the exhibitions of the Piranesi collection raised questions concerning the role of the conservator-restorer, the ethics of the profession and the policies of the National Library for the preservation of the collection. Keywords: conservation-restoration; works of art; Piranesi; preservation; access. / O objetivo desse estudo é investigar de que maneira a Biblioteca Nacional responde ao desafio de preservar e dar acesso ao seu monumental acervo, tendo como estudo de caso o acervo Piranesi. Trata-se de um conjunto de 1.600 gravuras reunidas em 26 obras do artista italiano Giovanni Battista Piranesi (1720-1778). O estudo examina a trajetória histórica da área da conservação-restauração de bens culturais, o desenvolvimento do setor de preservação de acervos em papel na Biblioteca Nacional e os processos de acesso da instituição. A análise das intervenções de conservação-restauração realizadas no acervo Piranesi no decurso das suas exposições suscitou questões relacionadas à atuação do conservador-restaurador, à ética da profissão e às políticas institucionais de preservação de acervo. Palavras-chave: conservação-restauração; obras de arte; Piranesi; preservação; acesso.
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Un atelier jurassien au temps des Lumières, les Rosset : sculpteurs, ivoiriers et peintres comtois à Saint-Claude dans le Jura au XVIII siècle / A Jurassic workshop of the Enlightenment, Rosset : sculptors, sculptors of ivory, painters of Franche-Comté in the Jura in XVIIIth centuryPierre, Marie-Liesse 28 October 2013 (has links)
Le sujet traite de l'originalité de l'atelier de sculpture des Rosset de Saint-Claude dans le Jura (France) actif du XVIe au XIXe siècle. Original par sa production familiale d'objets d'art en ivoire et en marbre qui connut une diffusion européenne grâce aux portraits de Voltaire. Sculpteurs d'intérieur et «en petit», engagés dans le débat des Lumières, les Rosset sont aussi des statuaires comtois renommés et des peintres locaux. Le sujet est centré sur le XVIIIe siècle autour de l'œuvre de Joseph Rosset (1706-1786) âme de l'atelier, créateur de modèles réputés et que ses cinq fils, tous artistes, produiront en série avec lui et, après sa mort de manière indépendante, adaptant leur œuvre à l'évolution des goûts : Jean François alias Joseph Rosset (1734-1783) orfèvre, Jean-Joseph-Nicolas Rosset (1737-1809) prêtre et peintre, Jacques-Joseph Rosset (1741-1826), François-Marie Rosset (1743-1824) peintre voyageur en Turquie d'Asie et sculpteur et Claude-Antoine Rosset (1749-1818) peintre et sculpteur. Le volume I (265 pages). Le premier chapitre retrace l'histoire de l'atelier présent à Saint-Claude depuis le XVIe siècle, analyse le contexte du travail et la position sociale bourgeoise de la famille de Joseph Rosset au XVIIIe siècle. Le chapitre deux présente de manière critique la biographie de Joseph Rosset, dégage les caractères de son œuvre à tête de Janus, le sacré et le profane, à l'image de ses convictions, de sa foi religieuse catholique et de ses idées politiques libérales, qui met son art au service des Lumières. Enfin, un troisième chapitre, analyse l'œuvre de ses fils dans la continuité politique de l'idéal de leur père ; ils participent en citoyens à la mise en œuvre des réformes libérales de la Révolution. Le volume II (587 pages) présente le catalogue raisonné de l'œuvre de Joseph Rosset (1706-1786), tome 1, les œuvres religieuses, tome 2, l'œuvre en ivoire de l'atelier Rosset et, tome 3 l'œuvre profane en marbre. Le volume III (491 pages) est le catalogue raisonné de l'œuvre sculpté et peint de ses fils : tome 1, l'œuvre graphique et sculpté de Jacques Rosset (1741-1826) ; tome 2, l'œuvre peint et sculpté de François Rosset (1743-1824) ; tome 3 l'œuvre sculptée d'Antoine Rosset (1749 - 1818). / The subject treats originality of the workshop of sculpture of Rosset of Saint-Claude in the Jura (France) active from the XVIth until the XIX th century. Original by its family production works of art in ivory and marble which knews an European diffusion thanks to the portraits of Voltaire. Sculptors of interior and "into small", engaged in the debate of the Enlightenment, the Rosset are also famous sculptors of Franche-Comté and local painters. The subject is centered over the XVIIIth century around the work of Joseph Rosset (1706-1786) heart of the workshop, creator of famous models, whose five sons, ail artists, will produce in séries with him, and in an independent way after his death, adapting their work to the évolution of the tastes : Jean François, alias Joseph Rosset (1734-1783) goldsmith, Jean-Joseph-Nicolas Rosset (1737-1809) priest and painter, Jacques-Joseph Rosset (1741-1826), François-Marie Rosset (1743-1824) traveller painter of Turkey in Asia and sculptor, and Claude-Antoine Rosset (1749-1818) painter and sculptor. Book I. The first section relates the history of the workshop présent in Saint-Claude since the XVIth century, analyses the contex of work and the middle class social position of Rosset's family during the XVIIIth century. The second section shows in a critical way Joseph Rosset's biography, which brings out the characteristics of his Janus headed work, the sacral and the profane, picture of his believes, his catholic faith and his libéral political ideas and offers his art to the service of the Enlightenment. And then, in a third section analyses the works of his sons, in the political continuity of their father's ideals. They take part as citizen in the enforcement of the Révolution's libéral reforms. Book II introduces the reasoned catalogue of Joseph Rosset's work (1706-1786), section 1, the sacred work, section 2, the ivory work of the Rosset's Workshop and the third section the profane marble work. Book III is a reasoned catalogue of the sculpted work of his sons : section 1, the work of Jacques Rosset (1741-1826) ; section 2, the painted and sculpted work of François Rosset (1743-1824) ; section 3, the sculpted work of Antoine Rosset (1749-1818).
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Obra de arte x obra-de-arte: um olhar sobre a cisão entre a engenharia e a arquitetura em uma perspectiva filosófico-histórica da arteAntunes, Vera Regina Gomes Luduvice 27 January 2010 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2010-01-27 / This paper intends to show the engineers vision while diving into the world of art, to try to understand the historical and philosophical aspects that differentiate the classification of work of art of engineering and architecture. The path of enlightenment about the meaning of the final work of engineer and architect came from a study on the concept of work of art in the conception of such writers as T. Adorno, H. Gadamer, W. Benjamin H. Jauss, even belonging to different lines of thought converge on the character interpretative of art. The social division of work was relevant and extremely interest in research on the conceptual distinction between the design of the architect executed in his studio and the construction site, main local of action of the engineer. Such differences led to study of aesthetic and realize the invisibility that seems to involve the engineers work. Going through the history could analyzed the academic background that go through the future professionals interested in careers devoted to engineering and architecture and, therefore, to understand the ideologies that surround the two professions. / Neste trabalho pretende-se mostrar a visão de uma engenheira ao mergulhar no mundo das obras de arte para buscar entender quais são os aspectos histórico-filosóficos que diferenciam a classificação de obra-de-arte de engenharia e de obra de arte de arquitetura. O caminho do esclarecimento, a respeito do significado do trabalho final do engenheiro e do arquiteto, partiu de um estudo sobre o conceito de obra de arte na concepção de autores como T. Adorno, H. Gadamer, W. Benjamin, H. Jauss, que mesmo pertencendo a linhas de pensamento distintas convergem quanto ao caráter interpretativo da arte. A divisão social do trabalho teve sua relevância e extremo interesse na pesquisa quanto à diferenciação conceitual entre o desenho do arquiteto executado em seu ateliê e o canteiro de obras, local principal de atuação do engenheiro. Tal diferenciação levou ao estudo da estética e a perceber o grau de invisibilidade que parece envolver as obras de engenharia. Percorrendo a história pôde-se analisar a formação acadêmica pela qual passam os futuros profissionais interessados em se dedicar às carreiras de engenharia e de arquitetura e, com isso, entender as ideologias que cercam as duas profissões.
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Réception, médiation et expérience esthétiques des oeuvres d'art dans des classes de français comme langue étrangère de niveau avancé / Aesthetic reception, mediation and experience of works of art in advanced level classes of French as a foreign languageBorgé, Nathalie 19 November 2015 (has links)
Il s'agit d'examiner les médiations langagières déclenchées par l'introduction d'oeuvres d'art picturales et photographiques dans un dispositif pédagogique universitaire de français comme langue étrangère de niveau avancé et d'étudier leurs apports en termes langagiers et translangagiers, à la lumière d'un cadre théorique transdisciplinaire, prenant en compte les travaux à la fois du socioconstructivisme, de l'émergentisme et de l'approche énactive. Cette forme de recherche-action, menée auprès de quatre groupes d'étudiants plurilingues et pluriculturels de niveau avancé, interroge les modalités de la réception esthétique de l'oeuvre d'art dans un contexte social académique d'apprentissage et propose une approche didactique multimodale, prenant appui aussi bien sur les interactions verbales, sur la production orale en continu et sur le recours à la production écrite. Elle met en exergue l'impact contextuel et situationnel sur les manifestations corporelles et sur la verbalisation des réactions esthétiques, d'ordre esthétique, émotionnel et évaluait devant l'oeuvre d'art, en se fondant sur les outils développés par le courant disciplinaire de l'analyse de discours. Enfin, elle analyse le rôle des médiations enseignante et apprenante à l'oeuvre, pour montrer dans quelle mesure, celles-ci, lorsqu'elles s'inscrivent dans une approche plus expérientielle, sont susceptibles à la fois de développer des capacités langagières chez l'apprenant et de favoriser l'émergence d'une expérience langagière, interculturelle et esthétique au sein du dispositif. / This research aims at examining the language mediations stimulated by the introduction of paintings and photographs in a pedagogical environment of French as a foreign language of advanced level and at studying their contributions in language and translanguage terms in light of a transdisciplinary theoretical framework taking into account the works of socioconstructivism, of emergentism and the enactive approach. This research led with four groups of multilingual and multicultural students, within the framework of an action-research, questions the modalities of the aesthetic reception in an academic social context of learning and proposes a multimodal didactic approach which relies on verbal interactions, on continuous oral and written production. It enhances the contextual and situational impact on the body manifestations and on the verbalization of aesthetic reactions, that is to say reactions of aesthesia, emotions and aesthetic appreciation by relying on the tools developed by the disciplinary current of discourse analysis. Last but not least, it examines the role of teacher's and learner's mediation with the artistic object, to show to what extent they are likely to foster the emergence of language abilities for the learner and to promote a language, intercultural and aesthetic experience within the teaching context.
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Pojištění v oblasti umění / Insurance of artLhotská, Tereza January 2014 (has links)
The diploma thesis is focused on insurance of art. In the first part of the thesis the chapters contain areas of art which are insured in practice. The paper analyzes insurance of cultural heritage, works of art, musical instruments and cultural events. Each chapter describes the specifics of the areas and the most used kinds of insurance, including practical examples. In the last chapter of the first part I outline the situation abroad and its comparison with the Czech market. As an example, a foreign insurance company has been selected by AXA Art. The second part is devoted to insurance of Czech Philharmonic. It contains links to the orchestra, the historic building and the gallery. Funded organizations of the Ministry of Culture occupy a significant portion of the paper. In this thesis, I do not mention insurance in the film industry.
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Nid de frelons : neuf temps pour neuf atlas : histoire d'un musée d'art brésilien (1961-2011) / Hornets house : nine times for nine atlas : history museum Brazilian art (1961-2011)Ruoso, Carolina 28 November 2016 (has links)
Cette recherche cherche à comprendre comment le musée d'art de l'université du Ceara (MAUC) est devenu un nid de frelons. Afin d'étudier ce phénomène, nous avons analysé les cinquante premières années de sa trajectoire (1961-2011), en partant de l'intrigue sur les modèles de musée en dispute à la fin du XXème siècle dans la ville de Fortaleza, et aussi à parti des controverses autour de sa mémoire. Nous avons organisé notre récit en Neuf temps pour neuf Atlas, en analysant ce nid de frelons de l'intérieur et de l'extérieur, en le prenant à l'envers à rebrousse-poil. Pour cette raison, nous présentons le MAUC au travers de ses coulisses, en observant par-derrière les vitrines quels sont les caractéristiques et les mouvements propres de cette désignation. Pour nous, un musée nid de frelons est traversé par la mise sous silence, en même temps qu'il développe des pratiques communautaires et collaboratives qui sont constitutives de sa trajectoire, contribuant à l'élaboration conceptuelle élargie de ses processus curatoriaux. Dans cette thèse, nous démêlons les aspects conceptuels qui justifient la création du MAUC. Au travers d'une lecture de la circulation de savoirs, d'œuvres d'art et d'exposition nous établissons une cartographie des réseaux de relations mobilisés par ce musée au travers de son programme structurel. Nous enquêtons sur les possibilités de création artistique dans l'espace physique du musée et sur les dimensions de collaboration proposées par l'institution en ce qui concerne la fabrique d'expositions et d'œuvres d'art. Nous cherchons aussi à identifier les formes de voir et d'être des visiteurs dans le MAUC au travers du regard des photographes de vue d'exposition. / This research sought to understand how Museum de Arte da Universidade do Ceara (MAUC) has become a Hornets House. In order to elaborate this explanation, we observed fifty years of it history (1961-2011), starting from the intrigue about the museum models in dispute in the late twentieth century, in Fortaleza city, as well as about the controversies involving its memory. So we organized our narrative in Nove Tempos para Nove Atlas, trying to analyze this Hornet House inside out, against the grain, and for this reason we present the MAUC through it scenes, watching from behind the windows, which are the characteristics and movements to this adjective. We understand that a Hornets House Museum goes through silence, while develop community and collaborative practices that take part of its history, contributing to the broad conceptual elaboration of its curatorial process. In this thesis we unfold its conceptual aspect that justified the creation of MAUC. We traced through a reading on knowledge circulation works of art and exhibitions, a mapping of relationships networks mobilized by this museum through its structural program. We investigate the possibilities of artistic creation in the physical museum space and the dimensions of cooperation proposed by the institution regarding expositions and works of art. We also try to identify the ways of seeing and being of the visitors at MAUC through the eyes of photographers while viewing exposures.
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Ex_tensões: a criação em vias de forçasGarcia, Danilo Lorena 04 July 2016 (has links)
A presente dissertação é um estudo de mestrado para consolidar a licenciatura e o
bacharelado em artes visuais. Versa sobre as forças que atingem o artista no ato
criador. A metafísica de Spinoza nos esclarece que corpo e espírito comunicam-se
entre si, atravessados por uma exterioridade que interfere no regime de afetabilidade
do ser; na capacidade do indivíduo afetar e ser afetado. Nosso pensar e nossas
ações não são ações isoladas, mas sim, expressões de potências que nos
transbordam e ultrapassam. Apesar de sermos nós que sentimos, não somos a
única causa do sentir e do experimentar. Portanto, o afeto é ao mesmo tempo,
singular e impessoal. Para criar, o artista precisa ser atingido por forças que com
suas potencialidades o torne consciente de percepções que se transformam em
sensações. São as sensações que dão novos estados ao corpo. O querer realizar
vem das pulsões que transmitem os desejos das criações. Logo, o processo criativo
em artes significa o atravessamento das forças que tomam o corpo do criador
pedindo a materialização e existência física. Ex_Tensão é tudo isso: força,
sensações, pulsações, desejos, com a única finalidade da criação. Para tanto, a
pesquisa foi realizada como dissertação em primeira pessoa, onde escrevo e coloco
em letras forjadas à tinta, meus pensamentos, sentimentos e realizações. Todas as
minhas sensações, recorrentes ou não, gravadas em papéis outrora brancos. No
modelo qualitativo, por haver referências teóricas de excelentes autores, que
abriram o caminho do conhecimento, e que me proporcionaram a compreender o
movimento criador. Foram relatadas várias instalações executadas por alguns
autores, assim, como as de minha própria autoria. Os experimentos serviram para
exemplificar as alteridades que trespassaram meu corpo, nos momentos de criação. / This dissertation is a master's study to consolidate the degree and bachelor's degree
in visual arts. Is about the forces that affect the artist in the creative act. The
Spinoza's metaphysics explains us that body and spirit communicate with each other,
crossed by an externality that interferes with afetabilidade regime of being; the
individual's ability to affect and be affected. Our thinking and our actions are not
isolated actions, but rather expressions of powers that spill over us and beyond.
Although we we feel that we are not the only cause of the feeling and experience. So
affection is both singular and impersonal. To create, the artist must be achieved by
forces with its potential to become aware of perceptions that become sensations.
These are the sensations that give new states to the body. The want to perform
comes from impulses that convey the wishes of the creations. So the creative
process in the arts means the crossing of the forces that make the body of the
creator asking materialization and physical existence. Ex_Tension is all about:
power, experience, pulsations, desires, for the sole purpose of creation. Therefore,
the research was conducted as a dissertation in the first person, where I write and
put in forged letters to paint my thoughts, feelings and accomplishments. All my
feelings, recurrent or not, written in white papers once. In the qualitative model for
having theoretical references of excellent authors, who paved the way of knowledge,
and gave me to understand the creative movement. It has been reported several
installations performed by some authors, as well as those of my own. The
experiments served to exemplify the otherness that pierced my body in moments of
creation. / Dissertação (Mestrado)
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Words and artworks in the twelfth century and beyond : the thirteenth-century manuscript Marcianus gr. 524 and the twelfth-century dedicatory epigrams on works of artSpingou, Foteini January 2012 (has links)
The thesis is divided into three sections. The first section discusses the manuscript Marcianus graecus 524, the second looks at the Greek text of the dedicatory epigrams on works of art from the same manuscript, and the third puts these texts in their context. In the first part, the compilation of the manuscript is analysed. I suggest that the manuscript was copied mainly by one individual scribe living in Constantinople at the end of the thirteenth century. He copied the quires individually, but at some point he put all these quires together, added new quires, and compiled an anthology of poetry. The scribe’s connection to the Planudean School and the Petra monastery in Constantinople is discussed. Although their relationship remains inconclusive, the manuscript provides evidence regarding the literary interests of late-thirteenth-century intellectuals. The second part contains thirty-five unpublished dedicatory epigrams on works of art. New readings are offered for the text of previously published epigrams. The third section analyses the dedicatory epigrams on works of art in their context. The first chapter of this section discusses the epigrams as Gebrauchstexte, i.e. texts with a practical use. The difference between epigrams intended to be inscribed and epigrams intended to be performed is highlighted. In the next chapter of this part, La poésie de l’objet, the composition of the dedicatory epigrams is discussed. The conventional character of the epigrams suggests that the poetics express the ritual aspect of the epigram. The last chapter considers the texts from a more pragmatic angle. After a short discussion of the objects on which the epigrams were written, the mechanisms of the twelfth-century art market are presented based on evidence taken mainly from the epigrams. At the end of this part, conclusions are drawn on the understanding of these texts in the twelfth century.
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