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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

A critical analysis of the legal framework for the protection and enforcement of geographical indications rights in Malawi

Chisama, Peter Thanthwe 05 December 2012 (has links)
The Agreement on Trade – Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights has almost universal application due to the large number of signatories from the World Trade Organization member states. 149 countries signed the TRIPS by 1994. Therefore, the TRIPS Agreement has also become a valuable tool for the protection of special intellectual property rights under the term geographical indications. GIs have current relevance in the world market to consumers who are healthy and quality conscious. The legal protection of GIs is due to their economic value to many countries where the producers are in rural areas. This is because most GIs are based on traditional methods of production which have earned goodwill. The TRIPS came in to prevent fee riding of such rights by producers who do not conform to the standards and rules of production. The TRIPS Agreement requires member states to harmonise their legal systems to provide legal means of protecting GIs to the standard stipulated therein. Malawi joined the WTO on 31 May 1995 which means that the obligation above mentioned is applicable from then on. Therefore, this study is an investigation of whether Malawi has complied with the obligations in article 1.1 of the TRIPS especially in so far as geographical indications rights are concerned. / Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / Centre for Human Rights / unrestricted
2

Teoria da dependência : categorias para uma análise do mercado mundial

Franklin, Rodrigo Straessli Pinto January 2015 (has links)
A presente tese tem por objetivo contribuir para a construção de uma estrutura metodológica dentro do paradigma marxista para a análise das relações econômicas de dependência no mercado mundial. Para tanto, iniciamos com uma revisão da literatura atual sobre o assunto, buscando desde as indicações de Karl Marx sobre sua visão quanto ao papel do mercado mundial no desenvolvimento do capitalismo e vice-versa, passando pela teoria do imperialismo de Rudolf Hilferding e Vladmir Lênin, e alcançando o debate sobre a dependência, que foi estudado em dois momentos: o debate clássico, que compreendeu pensadores como Theotonio dos Santos, Fernando Henrique Cardoso e Ruy Mauro Marini; o debate atual, no qual destacamos a participação de autores como Jaime Osorio. Por fim, apresentamos uma proposta para a aplicação da categoria “dependência” compreendendo-a como a síntese de três relações que se desenvolvem entre diferentes regiões do mercado mundial: a apropriação de mais-valor; a subordinação; e a vinculação. / This thesis aims to contribute to the construction of a methodological framework within the Marxist paradigm capable of analyses the economic relations of dependency in the world market. Therefore, we started with a review of the current literature on this subject, starting from the evidences of Karl Marx on the way he understood the role of world market in the development of capitalism and vice versa, passing through the theory of Imperialism of Rudolf Hilferding and Vladimir Lenin, and reaching the debate on Dependency, which we studied in two phases: the classic debate, which included authors such as Theotonio dos Santos, Fernando Henrique Cardoso and Ruy Mauro Marini; the current debate, in which we emphasize the contributions of authors like Jaime Osorio. Finally, we presented a use proposal of the "Dependency" category, understood as the synthesis of three distinct relations between different regions of the world market: surplus value appropriation; subordination; and linking.
3

Teoria da dependência : categorias para uma análise do mercado mundial

Franklin, Rodrigo Straessli Pinto January 2015 (has links)
A presente tese tem por objetivo contribuir para a construção de uma estrutura metodológica dentro do paradigma marxista para a análise das relações econômicas de dependência no mercado mundial. Para tanto, iniciamos com uma revisão da literatura atual sobre o assunto, buscando desde as indicações de Karl Marx sobre sua visão quanto ao papel do mercado mundial no desenvolvimento do capitalismo e vice-versa, passando pela teoria do imperialismo de Rudolf Hilferding e Vladmir Lênin, e alcançando o debate sobre a dependência, que foi estudado em dois momentos: o debate clássico, que compreendeu pensadores como Theotonio dos Santos, Fernando Henrique Cardoso e Ruy Mauro Marini; o debate atual, no qual destacamos a participação de autores como Jaime Osorio. Por fim, apresentamos uma proposta para a aplicação da categoria “dependência” compreendendo-a como a síntese de três relações que se desenvolvem entre diferentes regiões do mercado mundial: a apropriação de mais-valor; a subordinação; e a vinculação. / This thesis aims to contribute to the construction of a methodological framework within the Marxist paradigm capable of analyses the economic relations of dependency in the world market. Therefore, we started with a review of the current literature on this subject, starting from the evidences of Karl Marx on the way he understood the role of world market in the development of capitalism and vice versa, passing through the theory of Imperialism of Rudolf Hilferding and Vladimir Lenin, and reaching the debate on Dependency, which we studied in two phases: the classic debate, which included authors such as Theotonio dos Santos, Fernando Henrique Cardoso and Ruy Mauro Marini; the current debate, in which we emphasize the contributions of authors like Jaime Osorio. Finally, we presented a use proposal of the "Dependency" category, understood as the synthesis of three distinct relations between different regions of the world market: surplus value appropriation; subordination; and linking.
4

Alternativa para aumentar a produção mundial do etanol anidro combustivel no curto prazo : o potencial dos meis da cana / Alternative to increase the anhydrous ethanol fuel worldwide production in short term : the potencial of surgarcane molasses

Castaneda Ayarza, Juan Arturo 13 July 2007 (has links)
Orientador: Luis Augusto Barbosa Cortez / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T04:47:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CastanedaAyarza_JuanArturo_M.pdf: 2088769 bytes, checksum: c1479b9871597f5da7758c6617681d7c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: o objetivo principal desta dissertação é mostrar o potencial dos méis da cana-de-açúcar na produção do etanol combustível nos principais países industrializadores da cana, visando aumentar, no curto prazo, a oferta mundial do etanol anidro para ser misturado à gasolina. A partir do cálculo do potencial dos méis da cana foi analisado o impacto que teria o aumento de produção do etanol no mercado interno e externo do açúcar nos países pesquisados, assim como as perspectivas do incipiente mercado internacional do etanol combustível, através da projeção da demanda de gasolina e da análise dos programas que apóiam o uso e a produção dos biocombustíveis. Assim, através da projeção da demanda potencial por etanol dos países consumidores, estimar que vários dos paises industrializadores da cana estudados teriam possibilidades de produzir em média 1 bilhão de litros de etanol anidro por ano no curto prazo, e que o comércio internacional de etanol, embora atualmente esteja sustentado pelos acordos de comércio internacional e por acordos bilaterais, tem possibilidades de aumentar seus fluxos à mercê do rápido crescimento da demanda mundial. Finalmente, concluímos que a cana-de-açúcar e a sua indústria têm possibilidades de impulsionar no curto prazo e até sustentar o desenvolvimento de um novo mercado internacional de etanol combustível / Abstract: The main objective of this dissertation is to show the potential of the molasses from sugarcane, for the ethanol fuel production in the main producer countries of the sugarcane, aiming at the increment, in the short term, worldwide supply of anhydrous ethanol to be mixed with the gasoline. From the calculation of the molasses potential from sugar cane, have been analyzed the impact that would have the increase of ethanol production in the internal and external sugar market in the searched countries, as well as of the new international ethanol fuel market, through the projection of the demand of gasoline and the analysis of the programs that support the use and the production of the biofuels. Thus, it was possible to project the demand of ethanol in the potential consuming countries, to consider that several of the producer countries of the sugarcane would have possibilities of producing in average 1 billion of liters of anhydrous ethanol per year in the short term, and that the international trade of ethanol, although at the moment is sustained by the agreements of international trade and for bilateral agreements, it has possibilities of increasing his flows at the mercy of the fast growth of the worldwide demand. Finally, it is the concluded that the sugar cane and its industry have possibilities to stimulate in short term and until sustaining the development of a new international market of ethanol fuel / Mestrado / Analise da Demanda e do Suprimento de Energia / Mestre em Planejamento de Sistemas Energéticos
5

Teoria da dependência : categorias para uma análise do mercado mundial

Franklin, Rodrigo Straessli Pinto January 2015 (has links)
A presente tese tem por objetivo contribuir para a construção de uma estrutura metodológica dentro do paradigma marxista para a análise das relações econômicas de dependência no mercado mundial. Para tanto, iniciamos com uma revisão da literatura atual sobre o assunto, buscando desde as indicações de Karl Marx sobre sua visão quanto ao papel do mercado mundial no desenvolvimento do capitalismo e vice-versa, passando pela teoria do imperialismo de Rudolf Hilferding e Vladmir Lênin, e alcançando o debate sobre a dependência, que foi estudado em dois momentos: o debate clássico, que compreendeu pensadores como Theotonio dos Santos, Fernando Henrique Cardoso e Ruy Mauro Marini; o debate atual, no qual destacamos a participação de autores como Jaime Osorio. Por fim, apresentamos uma proposta para a aplicação da categoria “dependência” compreendendo-a como a síntese de três relações que se desenvolvem entre diferentes regiões do mercado mundial: a apropriação de mais-valor; a subordinação; e a vinculação. / This thesis aims to contribute to the construction of a methodological framework within the Marxist paradigm capable of analyses the economic relations of dependency in the world market. Therefore, we started with a review of the current literature on this subject, starting from the evidences of Karl Marx on the way he understood the role of world market in the development of capitalism and vice versa, passing through the theory of Imperialism of Rudolf Hilferding and Vladimir Lenin, and reaching the debate on Dependency, which we studied in two phases: the classic debate, which included authors such as Theotonio dos Santos, Fernando Henrique Cardoso and Ruy Mauro Marini; the current debate, in which we emphasize the contributions of authors like Jaime Osorio. Finally, we presented a use proposal of the "Dependency" category, understood as the synthesis of three distinct relations between different regions of the world market: surplus value appropriation; subordination; and linking.
6

Environmental policy and transboundary externalities : coordination and commitment in open economies

Persson, Lars January 2008 (has links)
This thesis consists of an introductory chapter and four papers, which relate to environmental policy in the presence of transboundary environmental damage. Paper [I] concerns public policy in a multi-jurisdiction framework with transboundary environmental damage. Each jurisdiction is assumed large in the sense that its government is able to infuence the world-market producer price of the externality-generating good. This gives rise to additional incentives of relevance for national public policy in the non-cooperative Nash equilibrium. With the uncoordinated equilibrium as the reference case, the welfare effects from coordinated changes in public policy variables are analyzed. Paper [II] analyses welfare effects of coordinated changes in environmental and capital taxation in the presence of transboundary environmental externalities and wage bargaining externalities. In the wage bargaining between frms and labor unions, firms use the threat of moving abroad to moderate wage claims, which means that domestic policy infuences wage formation abroad. The specific framework implies welfare effects of policy coordination that correspond to each of the respective international interaction mentioned above. In paper [III], national governments face political pressure from environmental and industrial lobby groups, while pollution taxes are determined in an international negotiation. It is shown that a general increase in the environmental concern and the weight the governments attach to social welfare both tend to increase the pollution tax. However, allowing for asymmetries between the countries means that a general increase in the environmental concern has the potential to reduce the pollution tax. Paper [IV] studies national environmental policies in an economic federation characterized by decentralized leadership. The federal government sets emission targets for each member country, which are implemented by the national governments. Although all national governments have commitment power vis-à-vis the federal government, one of them also has commitment power vis-à-vis the other member countries. This creates incentives to act strategically toward the federal government, as well as toward other members.
7

Развитие, внешнеэкономическая деятельность, промышленное предприятие, мировой рынок, рынки принимающих государств : магистерская диссертация / Development of foreign economic activity of an industrial enterprise

Хамадеева, В. Н., Khamadeeva, V. N. January 2021 (has links)
В работе раскрыты основные подходы к определению понятия внешнеэкономическая деятельность предприятия, ее виды и принципы; рассмотрены формы выхода предприятий на внешние рынки и методические подходы к оценке эффективности внешнеэкономической деятельности. Проведен анализ деятельности ПАО «ТАГМЕТ» и обоснованы основные направления развития ВЭД. / The work reveals the main approaches to the definition of the concept of foreign economic activity of the enterprise, its types and principles; the forms of enterprises entering foreign markets and methodical approaches to assessing the effectiveness of foreign economic activity are considered. An analysis of TAGMET's activities has been carried out and the main areas of FEA development have been substantiated.
8

Espectros vencidos: a teorização negativa do sistema internacional em Marx e Engels / Defeated spectra: the negative theorization of the international system in Marx and Engels

Rizzo, Ricardo Martins 26 June 2015 (has links)
Parte significativa dos escritos de Marx Engels sobre política internacional são marcados por uma dificuldade teórica, que não deixou de causar desconforto na própria tradição marxista: diante dos êxitos da contra-revolução após 1848, e de uma perspectiva revolucionária plasmada na crítica ao sistema internacional herdado do Congresso de Viena em 1815, as categorias centrais do materialismo hitórico pareciam perder capacidade de formulação política. Se o avanço da concorrência capitalista no mercado mundial possibilitava que as contradições sociais dos países mais avançados fossem universalizadas, por meio da universalização das relações de produção burguesas, o sistema internacional parecia atuar em sentido contrário, permitindo que os tempos sociais do atraso arbitrassem o ritmo das transformações políticas na Europa. Negada pelo sistema internacional, a marcha da história social em Marx e Engels dá lugar a uma teorização negativa. Suas categorias clássicas dão lugar a outras. Classes sociais cedem terreno, em Engels, aos povos sem história. Em Marx, a causalidade é substituída pela analogia; processos, por indivíduos; realidades sociais concretas, por encarnações abstratas. A contemporaneidade política de tempos sociais divergentes que caracteriza a complexa duração do absolutismo na Europa fornece o terreno em que os problemas da teorização negativa eclodem. O fato de que o Estado absolutista de tipo oriental por excelência, a Rússia czarista, pudesse de alguma forma empregar, por meio de sua diplomacia, a coerção de tipo feudal encarnada em sua própria formação para arbitrar o ritmo das revoluções burguesas no ocidente, em pleno século XIX, constitui a principal negatividade com que Marx e Engels se depararam ao pretenderem retomar a marcha revolucionária interrompida em 1815. / An important part of Marx and Engels\'s writings on international politics is characterized by a theoretical difficulty, one which has been the cause of significant uneasiness in the Marxist tradition itself. Faced with the strides of counter-revolution in Europe after 1848, and departing from a revolutionary standpoint centered on the criticism of the international system as set forth by the Vienna Congress in 1815, the core categories of dialectic materialism seemed to loose power of political formulation. If the advancement of capitalist competition in the world market was bound to universalize the social contradictions of the most advanced countries, by the universalization of bourgeois production, the international system, on the other hand, appeared as the medium by means of which the social temporalities of backwardness managed to impose themselves on the European political order. Denied by the international system, the march of social history in Marx and Engels gives room to the a negative theorization. Its classic categories give way to new ones. In Engels, social classes give way to nonhistorial peoples; in Marx, causality is replaced by analogy, processes by individuals, concrete social realities by abstract representations. The international coexistence of different political temporalities that characterizes the complex duration of absolutism in Europe sets the stage for the problems of the negative theorization. The fact that the most typical form of oriental absolutist State, czarist Russia, could successfully deploy its feudal coercion, through its diplomacy, to dictate the rhythm of bourgeois revolutions in the West in the nineteenth century constitutes the main negativity with which Marx and Engels are faced in their quest to resume historys course after its interruption in 1815.
9

Espectros vencidos: a teorização negativa do sistema internacional em Marx e Engels / Defeated spectra: the negative theorization of the international system in Marx and Engels

Ricardo Martins Rizzo 26 June 2015 (has links)
Parte significativa dos escritos de Marx Engels sobre política internacional são marcados por uma dificuldade teórica, que não deixou de causar desconforto na própria tradição marxista: diante dos êxitos da contra-revolução após 1848, e de uma perspectiva revolucionária plasmada na crítica ao sistema internacional herdado do Congresso de Viena em 1815, as categorias centrais do materialismo hitórico pareciam perder capacidade de formulação política. Se o avanço da concorrência capitalista no mercado mundial possibilitava que as contradições sociais dos países mais avançados fossem universalizadas, por meio da universalização das relações de produção burguesas, o sistema internacional parecia atuar em sentido contrário, permitindo que os tempos sociais do atraso arbitrassem o ritmo das transformações políticas na Europa. Negada pelo sistema internacional, a marcha da história social em Marx e Engels dá lugar a uma teorização negativa. Suas categorias clássicas dão lugar a outras. Classes sociais cedem terreno, em Engels, aos povos sem história. Em Marx, a causalidade é substituída pela analogia; processos, por indivíduos; realidades sociais concretas, por encarnações abstratas. A contemporaneidade política de tempos sociais divergentes que caracteriza a complexa duração do absolutismo na Europa fornece o terreno em que os problemas da teorização negativa eclodem. O fato de que o Estado absolutista de tipo oriental por excelência, a Rússia czarista, pudesse de alguma forma empregar, por meio de sua diplomacia, a coerção de tipo feudal encarnada em sua própria formação para arbitrar o ritmo das revoluções burguesas no ocidente, em pleno século XIX, constitui a principal negatividade com que Marx e Engels se depararam ao pretenderem retomar a marcha revolucionária interrompida em 1815. / An important part of Marx and Engels\'s writings on international politics is characterized by a theoretical difficulty, one which has been the cause of significant uneasiness in the Marxist tradition itself. Faced with the strides of counter-revolution in Europe after 1848, and departing from a revolutionary standpoint centered on the criticism of the international system as set forth by the Vienna Congress in 1815, the core categories of dialectic materialism seemed to loose power of political formulation. If the advancement of capitalist competition in the world market was bound to universalize the social contradictions of the most advanced countries, by the universalization of bourgeois production, the international system, on the other hand, appeared as the medium by means of which the social temporalities of backwardness managed to impose themselves on the European political order. Denied by the international system, the march of social history in Marx and Engels gives room to the a negative theorization. Its classic categories give way to new ones. In Engels, social classes give way to nonhistorial peoples; in Marx, causality is replaced by analogy, processes by individuals, concrete social realities by abstract representations. The international coexistence of different political temporalities that characterizes the complex duration of absolutism in Europe sets the stage for the problems of the negative theorization. The fact that the most typical form of oriental absolutist State, czarist Russia, could successfully deploy its feudal coercion, through its diplomacy, to dictate the rhythm of bourgeois revolutions in the West in the nineteenth century constitutes the main negativity with which Marx and Engels are faced in their quest to resume historys course after its interruption in 1815.
10

Ranstadverkets uranbrytning : Utifrån riksdagsbeslut 1959-1970 / The Swedish uranium mining at Ranstadverket. : Based on parliamentary decisions 1959 - 1970.

Brandin, Jakob January 2020 (has links)
Abstract The studies purpose is to acknowledge if there are some differences between the decision against Ranstadverkets uranium mining depending on event that occur and affect the project. 1959 - 1970 is the years that are examine. The Swedish uranium mining was a hot subject between the political parties. Nearly half a billion Swedish kronor was invested in the project. Nonprofit organizations like environment groups disliked the project and tried to stop it. Events like the when the mine where put in pause in 1969 and how that affected the mine. The study analyzes how the events affected the Swedish governments decisions against the mine and how the Swedish people responded on the decisions. / Den svenska miljöhistorian består mestadels av forskning om kärnkraften och vattenkraften vilket är bara en del av Sverige miljöhistoria. Den svenska uranbrytningen är en del av den svenska miljöhistorian fast det finns knappt någon forskning om ämnet, speciellt inte utifrån riksdagsbesluten. Vilket gör ämnet mer intresserat att studera.     Ranstadverket under åren 1959 - 1970 kan uppfattas som ett hett ämne vilket har blivit påverkat av omvärlden och dess förändring. Vid starten av Ranstadsprojektet var budgeten för verket cirka 115 miljoner och verkets byggnation kostade cirka 140 miljoner. Efter alla kostnader och arbetstimmar blev kostnaden för hela projektet nästan en halv miljard svenska kronor. De två frågor som har diskuterats i riksdagens dokument är ifall det är gynnsamt att utvinna uran vid Ranstad samt kostnaden för projektet. Ranstadsprojektet var ett diskussionsämne för alla svenska partier för att det var väldigt ekonomiskt krävande men också för att det kunde minska importkostnader.

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