Background: Patient-reported outcomes (PRO) assess disease burden and indicate unmet needs. Home-based electronic PRO measures (ePROMs) can support tumor aftercare (TAC). Creating an ePROM is the next step after implementing the software “OncoFunction” to assess PROs during TAC of head- and neck-cancer patients (HNC). Therefore, internet use and perception on ePROMs of ENT and TAC patients were evaluated. Methods: From May–July 2020, ENT patients at a high- volume outpatient department aged >18 without need for emergency treatment were invited to complete a questionnaire concerning internet use and access, hardware, and opinion on the chances, requirements, and designs of ePROMs. Results: 415 questionnaires were evaluated; 46.3% of the respondents visited the common consultation hour (CCH) and 44.3% TAC; 71.9% were internet users, being younger than non-internet users; and 36.4% of TAC patients were non-internet users and 16.3% of them were without a web-enabled device. Significant differences existed in age and assessment of future perspectives between internet-/non-internet users and TAC/CCH patients, respectively. Regarding the design of ePROMs, patients preferred quarterly and short surveys. Data safety and feedback were important. Conclusions: ePROMs are not suitable for everyone because of missing internet access and experience. A tailored approach to implement ePROMs in TAC is needed

Addiction treatment includes lots of treatment interventions and kinesiotherapy treatment should undoubtedly belong to them as well. The thesis puts focus on the aftercare program of the Apolinář model in inpatient wards with recurrent stays of clients who have the same structure as basic institutional treatment. Despite the busy daily program there should always be room for physical activity. The aim of the work is to map and compare the concept of rehabilitation in the current setting of Apolinář model of addiction treatment with the concept of rehabilitation in the field of physiotherapy. Next main research topic will be the method of ensuring rehabilitation, whether it is appropriate to the health of the clients and possibly assessing the possibilities of the physiotherapist in the nursing team. The research tool for data collection was evaluation by formative approach. The evaluation was carried out in inpatient wards of the Clinic of Addictology. The research sample consisted of a treatment program and was selected by the method of deliberate selection. The unit of the research file is therefore not the patient. Data collection was executed in the form of observations from the perspective of a researcher who is also an expert in physiotherapy. In addition, further data will also be collected...

Spontanabort i tidig graviditet hos kvinnor är den vanligaste typen av spontanabort och drabbar 10-35 % av alla gravida kvinnor. Syftet var att beskriva kvinnors upplevelser av omvårdnad i samband med spontanabort i tidig graviditet. Metoden som användes var systematisk litteraturstudie som totalt inkluderade nio studier. Datainsamlingen genomfördes i databaserna Cinahl, PubMed och PsycINFO. Studierna kvalitetsgranskades, och resultatet analyserades utifrån syftet. Materialet färgkodades utifrån funna mönster och tre kategorier växte fram. Kategorierna blev slutligen: kvinnors upplevelser av emotionellt stöd, kvinnors upplevelser av information och förklaring samt kvinnors upplevelser och behov av eftervård. Litteraturstudiens övervägande resultat innefattade upplevelser av otillfredsställelse med omvårdnaden bland de drabbade kvinnorna. Många kvinnor upplevde ett osympatiskt bemötande, bristande medicinsk förklaring av orsaken till spontanaborten samt en avsaknad av eftervård. Slutsatsen var att majoriteten av kvinnorna inte upplevde tillfredsställelse med det emotionella stödet, den medicinska förklaringen samt att de saknade eftervård i samband med spontanaborten i tidig graviditet. Ny forskning föreslås ur patientperspektivet med fokus på kvinnornas unika känslor och behov och ur personalperspektivet om bemötande och eftervård av kvinnor som nyligen varit med om spontanabort i tidig graviditet. / Early pregnancy loss occurs to 10-35% of all pregnant women and it is the most common type of pregnancy loss. The aim was to describe women’s experiences of nursing care in relation to early pregnancy loss. The used method was systematic literature review and resulted in totally used nine articles. The data collection was accomplished in the databases Cinahl, PubMed and PsycINFO. The articles quality was checked and the result was analyzed with regard to the aim. The material was coded in to colours from the found patterns and three categories took place. The categories were finally women’s experiences of emotional support, women’s experiences of information and explanation and women’s experiences and needs of aftercare. The greater part of the result included experiences of dissatisfaction with the nursing care among the women. Many women experienced an unsympathetic attitude, lack of medical explanation to the course and lack of aftercare. The conclusion was that the majority of the women didn’t experience satisfaction with the emotional support, the medical explanation and the aftercare, in relation to early pregnancy loss. Suggestion for new research is made, with focus on women’s unique feelings and needs, and also with focus on the nurses’ attitude and aftercare of these women.

This thesis follows a group of youths placed in secure unit care who have participated in a chain-of-care project aiming to better plan their discharge and aftercare. The overall aim of the thesis is to link a detailed description of these young people with an analysis of the project they participated in, and to undertake one- and two-year follow-up studies. Analytic focus is on the significance of gender, class and ethnicity. The study is mainly based on structured interviews performed at the secure units upon entry into care, discharge and at a one-year follow up. Data have also been used from criminal records and interviews with project staff. When entering care, these youths exhibited extensive problems in both family conditions and own behaviour. The major problem in boys was criminality while girls reported poor mental health. Professionals judge youth of foreign background as more criminal than youth of Swedish background despite a lack of difference in self-reported data. Some difference is also noticeable regarding class. Analysis of the project shows that out-of-home care was the most frequent intervention after leaving secure unit care, while other interventions were difficult to uphold over time. Few girls received help with their mental health problems. At the one-year follow up, the youths reported an overall better situation, although extensive problems still remained. Above all, girls’ mental health problems remained as before. At the 2-year follow up the study group was compared with a control group in order to investigate effects of the project regarding criminality and recommitment to secure unit care. The comparison shows that the project had no effect. This is discussed in relation to poor organization and the difficulty of adjusting a project like this to the target group, along with the substantial part played by gender, class and ethnicity in how the youth are construed and treated.

<p>Spontanabort i tidig graviditet hos kvinnor är den vanligaste typen av spontanabort och drabbar 10-35 % av alla gravida kvinnor. Syftet var att beskriva kvinnors upplevelser av omvårdnad i samband med spontanabort i tidig graviditet. Metoden som användes var systematisk litteraturstudie som totalt inkluderade nio studier. Datainsamlingen genomfördes i databaserna Cinahl, PubMed och PsycINFO. Studierna kvalitetsgranskades, och resultatet analyserades utifrån syftet. Materialet färgkodades utifrån funna mönster och tre kategorier växte fram. Kategorierna blev slutligen: kvinnors upplevelser av emotionellt stöd, kvinnors upplevelser av information och förklaring samt kvinnors upplevelser och behov av eftervård. Litteraturstudiens övervägande resultat innefattade upplevelser av otillfredsställelse med omvårdnaden bland de drabbade kvinnorna. Många kvinnor upplevde ett osympatiskt bemötande, bristande medicinsk förklaring av orsaken till spontanaborten samt en avsaknad av eftervård. Slutsatsen var att majoriteten av kvinnorna inte upplevde tillfredsställelse med det emotionella stödet, den medicinska förklaringen samt att de saknade eftervård i samband med spontanaborten i tidig graviditet. Ny forskning föreslås ur patientperspektivet med fokus på kvinnornas unika känslor och behov och ur personalperspektivet om bemötande och eftervård av kvinnor som nyligen varit med om spontanabort i tidig graviditet.</p> / <p>Early pregnancy loss occurs to 10-35% of all pregnant women and it is the most common type of pregnancy loss. The aim was to describe women’s experiences of nursing care in relation to early pregnancy loss. The used method was systematic literature review and resulted in totally used nine articles. The data collection was accomplished in the databases Cinahl, PubMed and PsycINFO. The articles quality was checked and the result was analyzed with regard to the aim. The material was coded in to colours from the found patterns and three categories took place. The categories were finally women’s experiences of emotional support, women’s experiences of information and explanation and women’s experiences and needs of aftercare. The greater part of the result included experiences of dissatisfaction with the nursing care among the women. Many women experienced an unsympathetic attitude, lack of medical explanation to the course and lack of aftercare. The conclusion was that the majority of the women didn’t experience satisfaction with the emotional support, the medical explanation and the aftercare, in relation to early pregnancy loss. Suggestion for new research is made, with focus on women’s unique feelings and needs, and also with focus on the nurses’ attitude and aftercare of these women.</p>

Introduction Poor adherence is a common challenge in self-directed mental health interventions. Research findings indicate that telephone prompts may be useful to increase adherence. Method Due to poor adherence in a randomized controlled trial evaluating an Internet-based aftercare program for women with bulimia nervosa we implemented regular short telephone prompts into the study protocol halfway through the trial period. Of the 126 women in the intervention group, the first 63 women were not prompted by telephone (unprompted group) and compared with 63 women who subsequently enrolled into the study and were attempted to prompt bimonthly by a research assistant (telephone prompt group). Completed telephone calls took less than 5 min and did not include any symptom-related counseling. Results Most of the women in the telephone prompt group (67%) were reached only once or twice during the intervention period. However, overall adherence in the telephone prompt group was significantly higher than in the unprompted group (T = − 3.015, df = 124, p = 0.003). Conclusion Our findings from this secondary analysis suggest that telephone prompts can positively affect adherence to an Internet-based aftercare intervention directed at patients with bulimia nervosa.

In the Department of Correctional Services (DCS), as the role of workers in the workplace changed after demilitarisation in 1996, the needs of the employees also changed. The changing work environment placed different demands on them, unlike those that they had been used to in the past. Because of the growth of personal problems at the workplace, the EAP was introduced in the DCS in the late 1990’s. The EAP in the DCS has been formally in existence since 2000 and has not been formally evaluated according to the EAPA SA standards. The EAPA SA standards are the benchmark against which all EAPs in South Africa could be measured. This research attempts to ascertain whether the EAP in the DCS has been implemented according the prescripts of the EAPA SA standards. The research approach involved both the qualitative as well as the quantitative approaches. The qualitative approach was used in documenting the processes followed in the conceptualisation, introduction and creation of the EAP in DCS. The quantitative approach was used to evaluate the EAP in DCS using the EAPA SA standards as a benchmark. In the first chapter a general orientation to the study as well as the researcher’s rationale and structure for the research is provided. The literature review in chapter two took a retrospective look at the developments in the EAP industry by focussing on the most modern interventions in the EAP field initially and moving to the origins of the EAP later. Chapter three focussed on the evaluation of the EAP in the DCS which included a systematic collection of information about that programme. In chapter four each standard as it appears in the standards document and brief comment on each standard was presented. The standards were also reviewed in relation to recent literature on the subject. The empirical analysis in the following chapter included a quantitative analysis followed by a qualitative analysis of the responses. The first phase included the development of a questionnaire based on the standards. The distribution and completion of the questionnaire were part of phase two. In the final phase the questionnaire was analysed by the Department of Statistics at the University of Pretoria, under the leadership of Professor Smith and Dr. Mike van der Linde. In the final chapter a consolidation of all the chapters as well as recommendations for further research is presented. The formulated problem was addressed through the choice of different approaches, strategy and design during the research process. The researcher was able to combine the research approaches to compare and subsequently verify the findings. Based on the findings the following conclusions can be made: firstly that the DCS does not comply fully with many of the standards as set out by EAPA SA, secondly that the DCS is understaffed when attempting to deliver EAP services and finally that there is a resounding plea for EAP services in the DCS. In addition to the proposals a revised standards document has also been integrated into the findings. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Social Work and Criminology / unrestricted

Introduction Poor adherence is a common challenge in self-directed mental health interventions. Research findings indicate that telephone prompts may be useful to increase adherence. Method Due to poor adherence in a randomized controlled trial evaluating an Internet-based aftercare program for women with bulimia nervosa we implemented regular short telephone prompts into the study protocol halfway through the trial period. Of the 126 women in the intervention group, the first 63 women were not prompted by telephone (unprompted group) and compared with 63 women who subsequently enrolled into the study and were attempted to prompt bimonthly by a research assistant (telephone prompt group). Completed telephone calls took less than 5 min and did not include any symptom-related counseling. Results Most of the women in the telephone prompt group (67%) were reached only once or twice during the intervention period. However, overall adherence in the telephone prompt group was significantly higher than in the unprompted group (T = − 3.015, df = 124, p = 0.003). Conclusion Our findings from this secondary analysis suggest that telephone prompts can positively affect adherence to an Internet-based aftercare intervention directed at patients with bulimia nervosa.

Facing poor long-term outcome and high relapse rates in the treatment of bulimia nervosa, we developed an Internet-based aftercare program for women with severe and chronic bulimia nervosa following inpatient treatment based on previous experiences with self-directed targeted prevention and early intervention programs delivered online. The aim of the present study was to examine adherence to the program in detail, to explore potential variables that predict adherence and to analyze whether adherence affects outcomes. We analyzed data from 126 women in the intervention group of a randomized controlled trial. 107 women (85%) logged on to the program platform at least once. These women opened on average 42.8% (SD=31.9%) of all assigned program pages. Adherence declined during the course of the intervention. Adherence was not associated with the number of outpatient treatment sessions received during the intervention period. Adherence was not related to overall illness severity or duration at baseline. However, excessive exercise at hospital discharge (which may be a sign of insufficient motivation to change eating disorder related behaviors) seems to play some small role in adherence. Adherence did not affect intervention outcomes. Based on our findings, we would like to advocate further research on online aftercare interventions for women with severe and chronic bulimia nervosa.

The concept of social innovation is increasingly becoming a subject of interest particularly due to the challenges associated with the crisis of the welfare state. The high rate of ex- offending is an example of a current challenge and mentoring is a social innovation which seeks to take up this challenge. The main goal of this thesis is to interrogate the process of social innovation using mentoring of ex-offenders as an example and to explore mentoring and its implementation within the Czech Republic. The theory of the process of social innovation, as documented in the overseas literature, guided the extensive research conducted in Czech non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that provide mentoring approach. The empirical part of this thesis provides a valuable insight into the process of social innovation from NGO perspective. It includes a comprehensive description of developmental stages of the process as well as highlights the limitations that NGOs encounter in implementing mentoring in the Czech Republic.