No description available.

In 2017 a 17-year-old girl called Wilma Andersson went missing in the Swedish town Uddevalla. A few weeks later the police made a discovery that confirmed that she was dead. Her former boyfriend Tishko Ahmed was prosecuted and convicted for her murder and sentenced to 18 years in prison. The murder of Wilma Andersson is a murder case that touched a lot of people and was very big in Swedish news media. This study ́s purpose was to investigate how tabloidization effect crime journalism. Four research questions were asked in order to investigate this. The questions were: 1. How is Wilma Andersson framed in Aftonbladet and Dagens Nyheter? 2. How is Tishko Ahmed framed in Aftonbladet and Dagens Nyheter? 3. What similarities and differences are there in how Wilma Andersson and Tishko Ahmed are framed in Aftonbladet and Dagens Nyheter? 3a. How does tabloidization effect the framing and the crime journalism? The results of this study show that Wilma Andersson is framed as an innocent, kind and orderly girl by the tabloid paper Aftonbladet. The findings also show that Aftonbladet framed the perpetrator, Tishko Ahmed, in several ways. He is framed as a normal guy that no one thought would be capable of murder, but he is also framed as a violent boyfriend and mentally unstable. The broad sheet paper, Dagens Nyheter, framed Wilma Andersson as a vulnerable girl who had a difficult life situation and the perpetrator Tishko was framed as mentally unstable and unreliable. The result of the study show that the tabloid newspaper framed the victim and perpetrator in a more personal and dramatic way by using writing technique and personal sources. The tabloid newspaper also used pictures more than the broad sheet, which empathized the dramatic and personal framing. The findings in this study show that tabloidization effect crime journalism by making it more dramatic and entertaining in order to attract readers and make money.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

L’objectif de ce travail de thèse consiste à analyser les solutions de contrôle permettant de réduire la traînée aérodynamique et donc de diminuer la consommation d’un véhicule. Les véhicules ciblés dans cette étude sont ceux se rapprochant d’une géométrie à culot droit telles que les versions break, monospace, SUV, utilitaires, ou même les remorques de camions. Pour s’affranchir des variantes de style, ces travaux sont concentrés sur la géométrie académique du corps de Ahmed à culot droit. La vitesse de l’écoulement est de 30m/s afin de retrouver des caractéristiques d’un écoulement de sillage fortement turbulent, proche des vitesses d’un véhicule sur autoroute. Ce travail à dominante numérique se décompose en deux parties : la première a pour objectif de valider les résultats de calculs avec et sans solution de contrôle avec des mesures expérimentales identiques, la seconde d’explorer numériquement des configurations de contrôle mixant des solutions de jets périodiques et de déflecteurs agissant sur le sillage du corps de Ahmed à culot droit. Les solutions les plus efficaces apportent des réductions de la traînée de l’ordre de 10%. / This present work is focused on the analysis of control solutions that reduce the aerodynamic drag and therefore the fuel consumption of vehicles. The selected vehicle geometries are closed to a bluff body such as Estate, van, SUV, commercial vehicles or even truck trailers. This work is then focused on the academic geometry of Ahmed body with square back in order to avoid style diversity. The reference velocity flow is equal to 30m/s, which is closed to a vehicle speed on a highway, and induces a highly turbulent wake flow. This work mainly numerical is divided in two parts. The first one is dedicated to the validation of the numerical model with experimental wind tunnel measurements. The second part looks for numerical configurations of flow control solution, mixing periodic jet and deflector both acting on the wake. Most effective solutions lead to drag reduction of about 10%.

Le contrôle actif d’écoulement est actuellement étudié dans le but d’améliorer les performances aérodynamiques des véhicules aériens ou terrestres. La diminution de la traînée permettrait de réduire la consommation de carburants fossiles et donc l’émission des gaz à effet de serre des véhicules. Les actionneurs fluidiques sont utilisés comme dispositifs de contrôle depuis une quinzaine d’année. Le contrôle par jet synthétique semble être le plus adapté à une application sur un véhicule de série dans la mesure où l’actionneur ne doit pas être alimenté en fluide. Le travail présenté dans cette thèse combine l’expérimentation physique et la simulation numérique. Elle s’intéresse tout particulièrement au contrôle de l’écoulement autour d’un corps de Ahmed à culot droit à l’aide d’un actionneur de type jet synthétique. Les essais en soufflerie ont été essentiellement utilisés pour caractériser l’écoulement autour du corps de Ahmed et dans son sillage. L’écoulement autour de cette géométrie simplifiée de véhicule terrestre a été caractérisé par des pesées aérodynamiques, des mesures de pressions pariétales, des acquisitions des fluctuations de vitesse par anémomètrie à fil chaud et des mesures de champs de vitesse par Vélocimétrie par Images de Particules. Les grandeurs moyennes et instationnaires de l’écoulement ont ainsi pu être caractérisées. Les simulations numériques à l’aide du code de calcul elsA ont ensuite été réalisées sur une configuration similaire. Les résultats des simulations de l’écoulement non contrôlé ont été confrontés aux résultats expérimentaux. Dans le but d’agir sur la traînée, le contrôle à l’aide d’un actionneur de type jet synthétique a été réalisé sur la même géométrie. Les paramètres de contrôle tels que la quantité de mouvement, la fréquence d’actionnement et l’orientation des jets synthétiques ont été testés numériquement. Le contrôle à l’aide des paramètres testés, a entrainé une augmentation de la traînée qui est due à une réduction de la longueur de la zone de recirculation associée à une diminution de la pression pariétale au niveau du culot de la maquette. Il ressort de ce travail que le contrôle par jet synthétique à basse fréquence orienté selon le sens principal de l’écoulement semble être une voie à explorer. / Active flow control is currently studied in order to improve aerial or ground vehicle aerodynamics. Diminishing aerodynamic drag leads to a reduction of fuel consumption and so in greenhouse gas emissions of vehicles. Fluidic actuators have been used as control devices for about fifteen years. Considering the fact that the actuator does not need external fluid supply system, synthetic jet control seems to be the most suitable solution that can fit on production vehicles. This thesis combines experimental tests and numerical simulations. It tackles with the flow control around a square back Ahmed body with synthetic jet actuator. Wind tunnel tests have essentially been used to characterize the flow around and in the wake of the Ahmed body. Flow around this simplified geometry of ground vehicle has been characterized using hot wire anemometry, flush mounted pressure taps and two components Particular Image Velocimetry. The steady and unsteady features of the wake flow have thus been characterized. Simulations of this flow have been performed with the computation code elsA. Results of the simulations of the natural flow around the square back Ahmed body have been compared to experimental results. With a view to modifying the drag, flow control thanks to a synthetic jet actuator has been tested on a square back Ahmed body. Parameters of the flow control, such as momentum coefficient, actuation frequency and orientation of the synthetic jet have been numerically investigated. Results show a decrease of the circulation length leading to a diminution of the base pressure and hence to an increase of the drag. Flow control by using a low frequency with slots oriented along the mainstream seems to be a path to explore.

The aim of this study was to examine how two different newspapers covered the disappearance and murder of Wilma Andersson. The research questions were: How are the victim and perpetrator portrayed? What differences and similarities can we see in national news media versus local news media, and how did the image of the victim and perpetrator change over the course of the coverage?   The method used was critical discourse analyses of 14 articles in the local newspaper Bohusläningen and the national tabloid Aftonbladet. By analysing the assigned characteristics from each source, it was determined that the victim, Wilma Andersson, was portrayed to the reader as a young and innocent girl. She was described as caring, responsible and ambitious. She was depicted as a girl with a bright future and love of life. The local newspaper labeled her as a part of the community, while the national tabloid focused on describing her character through family members. The perpetrator, Tishko Ahmed, was portrayed as a cold and sinister man who was indifferent to Wilma Andersson’s disappearance and death. However, early on in the national tabloid’s coverage he was also described as an everyday man. The local newspaper was more prone to cover the story in a neutral manner, while the national tabloid dramatized the event to a greater extent. Our study shows that the geographical distance between the newspaper and the place of the crime scene is the main factor in the differences between the portrayals of the people involved. The closer the newspaper is to the crime scene, the closer they are to people who knew the victim and perpetrator. This results in the newspaper being more cautious in how they cover the story.

Makala hii inachanganua wahusika na dhana kuu zinazosawiriwa katika riwaya ya Kiza Katika Nuru (1988) ya Said Ahmed Mohamed kwa kuzingatia mihimili ya mojawapo ya mikabala ya Umarxi Mpya, mkabala wa mwanafalsafa na mwananadharia kutoka Marekani ya Kilatini, Paulo Freire. Kiini cha mkabala huu wa umarxi-mpya ni kukosoa na kutupilia mbali mitazamo kuhusu elimu inayomnyima mwanafunzi fursa ya kujifunza kutokana na mazingira yake. Uchambuzi huu unabainisha jinsi Umarxi Mpya wa Kifreire unavyofaa kwa kuchambua riwaya ya Kiza Katika Nuru, na riwaya nyingine za Kiswahili zinazofanana nayo. / This article analyses characters and main concepts in Said Ahmed Mohamed’s novel Kiza katika Nuru (Darkness in Light) through applying tenets of one of the Neo-Marxist theories, namely the Freirean one. Paul Freire’s Neo-Marxist theory is primarily associated with the Latin American environment and centres around the debunking of the banking concept education as a modus operand of revolution. This analysis demonstrates how Freirean Neo-Marxism is relevant and appropriate to the understanding and interpretation of Kiza Katika Nuru and other Kiswahili novels that are similar to it.