ABSTRACT For more than fifty years, Philip Levine has successfully written verse and prose on a number of subjects and themes including the complexities of familial relationships, the anarchists of the Spanish Civil War, the importance and effects of memory in life, race relations in the United States, the poet’s Jewish identity, and the very struggles that writing meaningful poetry involves. A cursory look at the scholarship on Levine’s poetry reveals that these are the topics frequently discussed and analyzed. However, as anyone can recognize in the criticism on Levine’s verse, Levine’s reputation does not rest so much on his attention to these themes and topics as it does on his presentation of and sympathies with individuals working in the context of modern industrial society. This dissertation identifies and analyzes Levine’s presentations of work and working-class individuals. Starting with the argument that more scholarship needs to be performed on Levine’s poetry than what currently exists, the dissertation’s first part points to Levine’s reputation in and contributions to American poetry. Proceeding to undertake the further study called for in part one, the second part of the dissertation identifies representative examples of working-class elements within Levine’s poetry and places them within historical context as far as poetry is concerned in general. Part three specifically looks at the ways in which Levine’s poetry expresses and relates to Marx’s idea that all of history revolves around the concept of class struggle. The final section of the dissertation explores how Levine’s poetry represents Marx’s theory of alienation among the working-class, identifying and analyzing key examples from throughout the poet’s oeuvre.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, Dept. of English Language and Literature, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet.

This dissertation investigates the representation of the image of the stone in poems by four modern Latin-American poets. To do this, I selected one key poem by Carlos Drummond de Andrade, João Cabral de Melo Neto, Pablo Neruda, and Octavio Paz. Based on pertinent principles of literary criticism and analysis, I perform close readings of each of these texts. Despite the use of the same image, the semantic results in each poem present significant variation. That is my starting point for discussions of related historical and theoretical issues such as critical reception, value, ("No meio do caminho" by Drummond), the representation of the lyrical speaker, imagery, metapoetry, ("A educação pela pedra" by João Cabral), the role of the history in poetry, the manipulation of literary sources, (Poema XVII by Pablo Neruda), the concept of "logos" and the relationship between poetry and myth ("Como las piedras del Principio" by Octavio Paz). The basic goal of this dissertation is to put into practice critical and theoretical approaches that optimize the reading of poetry. / text

Long poems like Ezra Pound's The Cantos, William Carlos Williams's Paterson, and Louis Zukofsky's "A" collect and preserve cultural documents, much in the manner of archives. Long poems of the so-called "Pound tradition" are arrangements of discrete passages, including direct citations from sources such as letters, historical texts, and other often "non-poetic" documents. Acting as an archivist, the poet selects material for preservation. Critics have used various frames, notably the epic, the sequence, and the collection, to interpret twentieth-century long poems. Though similarities to archives have been noted, an archival frame has not been fully developed. This dissertation draws on the disciplinary practices of the archivists as well as critical imaginings of archives to develop a frame for interpreting long poems as archives. After establishing the parameters of the archival frame, the bulk of the dissertation concentrates on Zukofsky's archival tendencies. Zukofsky worked as an archivist for the Work Projects Administration's Index of American Design project, where he developed strategies for using an archive as a communicative form. He crafted and marketed his own literary archive as a means of establishing a literary reputation and as an alternative means of publication. But not only did he develop pragmatic uses of archives, he also applied his understanding of archival principles to the construction of his long poem "A". The difficulties of reading "A" parallel those of working the Zukofsky archive. Readers are overwhelmed with hermetic details, documents of personal and public incidents, and records that we are unable to relate readily to surrounding material. Reading "A" as an archive, we must respond to the documents that are the component parts of the poem, to each document's situated context, and to the relationships among the parts that make up Zukofsky's "poem of a life."

Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 161-171) and index.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 161-171) and index.

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Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2016-12-02T13:40:12Z (GMT) / Submitted by NATALIA HELENA Wiechmann (nataliahw@hotmail.com) on 2016-12-03T18:39:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 tese natalia h wiechman.pdf: 1389999 bytes, checksum: e49f465ba62565f942cdeef5d313bc04 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Felipe Augusto Arakaki (arakaki@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-12-05T16:16:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 wiechmann_nh_dr_arafcl.pdf: 1389999 bytes, checksum: e49f465ba62565f942cdeef5d313bc04 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-05T16:16:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 wiechmann_nh_dr_arafcl.pdf: 1389999 bytes, checksum: e49f465ba62565f942cdeef5d313bc04 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-10-31 / O objetivo desta tese de doutorado consiste em analisar a poesia de Emily Dickinson (1830-1886) sob a perspectiva da crítica literária feminista estadunidense utilizando o conceito de subtexto literário enquanto recurso poético que revele na obra dickinsoniana diversas formas de subversão de normas sociais e literárias do patriarcado. Para isso, nosso corpus de análise se compõe de dezoito poemas e nosso trabalho está estruturado em quatro seções. A primeira discute algumas questões caras à crítica literária feminista estadunidense, como o conceito de autoria feminina e a tradição literária para, então, teorizar sobre o conceito de subtexto literário relacionando-o à ideia de subversão. Também nessa primeira seção analisamos do poema “Tell all the Truth but tell it slant – ”. Já na segunda parte de nossa tese apresentamos o contexto da produção literária estadunidense no século XIX e discutimos o fato de Emily Dickinson ter se recusado veementemente a publicar seus poemas. Os poemas analisados nessa seção são “Publication – is the Auction”, “Fame of Myself, to justify”, “Fame is the tint that Scholars leave”, “Fame is the one that does not stay” e “Fame is a fickle food”. Na sequência, examinamos o ideal de feminilidade do século XIX e as formas como Dickinson subverte esse ideal nos poemas “To own a Susan of my own”, “Her breast is fit for pearls”, “I gave myself to Him – ”, “She rose to His Requirement – dropt”, “Title divine – is mine!” e “I started Early – Took my Dog – ”. Por fim, analisamos poemas em que Dickinson empreende a subversão da imagem de Deus ao apontar as vulnerabilidades da fé e da condição humana e questionar preceitos religiosos: “I never lost as much but twice”, “It’s easy to invent a Life – ”, “A Shade upon the mind there passes”, “God is indeed a jealous God – ” e “God gave a Loaf to every Bird – ”. Como suporte teórico, recorremos a diversos autores que compõem a fortuna crítica de Emily Dickinson bem como a importantes nomes da crítica literária feminista estadunidense, além de outros autores cujos estudos também dialogam com nossa pesquisa. Alguns dos autores utilizados neste trabalho são Virginia Woolf, Sandra Gilbert e Susan Gubar, Elaine Showalter, Betsy Erkkila, Helen Vendler, Maria Rita Kehl, Susan Howe e Carlos Daghlian. / The aim of this dissertation is to analyze the poetry of Emily Dickinson (1830-1886) from the perspective of American feminist literary criticism drawing on the concept of literary subtext as a poetic resource that reveals in Dickinson’s work several ways of subverting the social and literary norms of patriarchy. To these ends, I analyze a corpus of eighteen poems, and the text is organized into four sections. The first section discusses some issues that are important to American feminist literary criticism, such as the concept of female authorship and literary tradition; it is then theorized about the concept of literary subtext and I relate it to the idea of subversion. Also, in this first section, I analyze the poem “Tell all the Truth but tell it slant – .” In the second part of this work, the context of American literary production in the nineteenth-century is presented and the fact that Emily Dickinson emphatically refused to have her poems published is considered. The poems analyzed in this section are “Publication – is the Auction”. “Fame of Myself, to justify”, “Fame is the tint that Scholars leave”, “Fame is the one that does not stay” and “Fame is a fickle food”. After the discussion of the poems, in the third section I examine the ideal of womanhood in the nineteenth century and the ways Dickinson subverts this ideal in the poems “To own a Susan of my own”, “Her breast is fit for pearls”, “I gave myself to Him – ”, “She rose to His Requirement – dropt”, “Title divine – is mine!” and “I started Early – Took my Dog – ”. Finally, in the closing section I study some poems in which Dickinson undertakes the subversion of God’s image, points out the vulnerabilities of faith and human condition, and questions religious precepts: “I never lost as much but twice”, “It’s easy to invent a Life – ”, “A Shade upon the mind there passes”, “God is indeed a jealous God – ” and “God gave a Loaf to every Bird – ”. To provide theoretical underpinning, several critics who have written on Dickinson’s work were consulted and significant names in American literary feminist criticism are also discussed, as well as other authors whose studies intersect with our research as well. Included among the writers, critics and researchers mentioned in our work are Virginia Woolf, Sandra Gilbert and Susan Gubar, Elaine Showalter, Betsy Erkkila, Helen Vendler, Maria Rita Kehl, Susan Howe, and Carlos Daghlian.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:06:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LeilaMAT.pdf: 1185072 bytes, checksum: f0edd0ddb811bd22999b465c0b1ba67e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-07-03 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The current dissertation is linked to the research line Po?ticas da modernidade e da p?s-modernidade (modern and post modern poetics), which is being developed for the Programa de P?s-gradua??o em Estudos da Linguagem (Program of post graduation in language studies), in the area of Literatura Comparada (comparative literature) CCHLA/UFRN. The main aim of the research is to show the reading of Primero sue?o by sor Juana In?s de la Cruz, in the middle of the contemporary age, through an eclectic analysis which elucidates the baroque in its most recent concept; the social context and the life as a nun of sor Juana and the analysis of the poetry starting from the glance to the literary text. The perception of the baroque eon universal as a constant artistic movement from its appearance to the present time thus highlighted based on the most modern studies by the baroque specialists: Eug?nio d Ors, O barroco (s/d), Severo Sarduy, Barroco (s/d) and Gilles Deleuze, A dobra: Leibniz e o barroco (1991). In that research, it will be presented the translation/transcreation of the study object corpus still guided by the translatological theories of Haroldo de Campos (2004), Da tradu??o como cria??o e como cr?tica, Walter Benjamin (1971), A tarefa do tradutor and Jacques Derrida (2006), Torres de Babel / Esta disserta??o est? vinculada ? linha de pesquisa Po?ticas da modernidade e da p?smodernidade, a qual est? sendo desenvolvida para o Programa de P?s-gradua??o em Estudos da Linguagem, na ?rea de Literatura Comparada CCHLA/UFRN. O objetivo principal da pesquisa ? mostrar a leitura de Primero Sue?o, de Sor Juana In?s de la Cruz , em plena contemporaneidade, por meio de uma an?lise ecl?tica, que elucida o barroco em seu conceito mais recente; o contexto social e a vida da monja sor Juana e a an?lise da poesia a partir do olhar para o texto liter?rio. A percep??o do barroco eon universal como um movimento art?stico constante desde o seu surgimento at? a atualidade e evidenciado com base nos estudos mais modernos sobre o barroco dos estudiosos Eugenio d Ors, em O barroco(s/d); Severo Sarduy, em Barroco (s/d), e Gilles Deleuze, em A dobra: Leibniz e o barroco (1991). Nesta pesquisa, ser? apresentada ainda a tradu??o/transcria??o do corpus objeto de estudo, norteada pelas teorias tradutol?gicas de Haroldo de Campos (2004), em Da tradu??o como cria??o e como cr?tica; de Walter Benjamin (1971), em A tarefa do tradutor, e de Jacques Derrida (2006), em Torres de Babel

El tema de la “sublimación del amor”, ampliamente debatido en las estéticas de Kant y Hegel, ha sido ilustrado en la poesía hispanoamericana colonial con sendos poemas de Diego Dávalos y Figueroa, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, y Juan del Valle y Caviedes. A partir de su examen semánticotextual, en este artículo se determina los alcances de las respectivas poéticas en el marco de dicho enfrentamiento teórico. / The “love’s sublimation” subject was under debate in the Kant and Hegel aesthetic doctrine. This controversy was also illustrated by the colonial Hispanic-American poetry of Diego Dávalos y Figueroa, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz and Juan del Valle y Caviedes. This article looks into the semantic structure of tree poems in order to determine their poetic scopes in the frame of the Kant-Hegel aesthetic discussion.

This thesis uses Jack Gilbert's Refusing Heaven to look critically at the evolution of American poetry.