Up till now ecology and biodiversity of Sarcocystis species in game fauna in Lithuania has been investigated using traditional morphological methods. In the period of 2005-2011, muscle samples of 384 birds and 177 mammals were examined for Sarcocystis sarcocysts. Cysts of Sarcocystis spp. were investigated using light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and DNA analysis (18S rDNA, 28S rDNA, ITS–1 region). Statistically significant higher Sarcocystis infection prevalence and intensity rates (p< 0.05) were determined in mammals as compared to the birds. Macrocysts were detected only in the mallard, they were identified as S. rileyi and this is the first evidence of S. rileyi infection in Europe. Based on results of cyst wall ultrastructure and DNA analysis four new bird Sarcocystis species were described: S. albifronsi, S. wobeseri, S. anasi, S. cornixi. Eight Sarcocystis species were identified in the examined mammals using morphological and DNA analysis: S. miescheriana from wild boar; S. gracilis, S. capreolicanis, S. oviformis, S. silva and S. hofmanni-like from roe deer; S. hjorti, S. hofmanni-like and Sarcocystis sp. ex Cervus elaphus from red deer; S. hjorti from moose. S. columbae, S. oviformis, S. hjorti and S. silva were found in Lithuania for the first time. Using molecular investigation it was proved that some analyzed Sarcocystis species (S. wobeseri, S. hjorti, S. silva and S. hofmanni-like) are not rigidly specific to the intermediate host. Sarcocystis... [to full text] / Lietuvoje medžiojamosios faunos Sarcocystis rūšių ekologija ir bioįvairovė iki šiol tirta naudojant tradicinius morfologinius metodus. 2005-2011 metais ieškant Sarcocystis sarkocistų Lietuvos medžiojamoje faunoje analizuoti 384 paukščių ir 177 žinduolių raumenų pavyzdžiai. Sarcocystis cistos tirtos naudojant šviesinės ir elektroninės mikroskopijos metodus bei DNR žymenis (18S rDNR, 28S rDNR, ITS–1 regionas). Lyginant paukščių ir žinduolių sistematines grupes, žinduoliuose nustatyti patikimai (p< 0,05) didesni Sarcocystis infekcijos ekstensyvumo bei intensyvumo rodikliai. Makrocistos aptiktos tik didžiojoje antyje ir buvo priskirtos S. rileyi rūšiai – tai pirmas svarus S. rileyi infekcijos įrodymas Europoje. Remiantis cistų sienelės ultrastruktūros ir DNR tyrimo duomenimis aprašytos keturios naujos mokslui paukščių sarkosporidijų rūšys: S. albifronsi, S. wobeseri, S. anasi, S. cornixi. Naudojant morfologinius ir DNR tyrimo metodus tirtuose žinduoliuose identifikuotos aštuonios Sarcocystis rūšys: šernuose S. miescheriana; stirnose S. gracilis, S. capreolicanis, S. oviformis, S. silva, S. hofmanni-like; tauriuosiuose elniuose S. hjorti, S. hofmanni-like, Sarcocystis sp. ex Cervus elaphus ir briedžiuose S. hjorti. Šio darbo metu pirmą kartą Lietuvoje aptiktos S. columbae, S. oviformis, S. hjorti, S. silva rūšys. Molekuliniais tyrimais įrodyta, kad kai kurios tirtos Sarcocystis rūšys (S. wobeseri, S. hjorti, S. silva, S. hofmanni-like) nėra griežtai specifinės tarpiniam... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]

Lietuvoje medžiojamosios faunos Sarcocystis rūšių ekologija ir bioįvairovė iki šiol tirta naudojant tradicinius morfologinius metodus. 2005-2011 metais ieškant Sarcocystis sarkocistų Lietuvos medžiojamoje faunoje analizuoti 384 paukščių ir 177 žinduolių raumenų pavyzdžiai. Sarcocystis cistos tirtos naudojant šviesinės ir elektroninės mikroskopijos metodus bei DNR žymenis (18S rDNR, 28S rDNR, ITS–1 regionas). Lyginant paukščių ir žinduolių sistematines grupes, žinduoliuose nustatyti patikimai (p< 0,05) didesni Sarcocystis infekcijos ekstensyvumo bei intensyvumo rodikliai. Makrocistos aptiktos tik didžiojoje antyje ir buvo priskirtos S. rileyi rūšiai – tai pirmas svarus S. rileyi infekcijos įrodymas Europoje. Remiantis cistų sienelės ultrastruktūros ir DNR tyrimo duomenimis aprašytos keturios naujos mokslui paukščių sarkosporidijų rūšys: S. albifronsi, S. wobeseri, S. anasi, S. cornixi. Naudojant morfologinius ir DNR tyrimo metodus tirtuose žinduoliuose identifikuotos aštuonios Sarcocystis rūšys: šernuose S. miescheriana; stirnose S. gracilis, S. capreolicanis, S. oviformis, S. silva, S. hofmanni-like; tauriuosiuose elniuose S. hjorti, S. hofmanni-like, Sarcocystis sp. ex Cervus elaphus ir briedžiuose S. hjorti. Šio darbo metu pirmą kartą Lietuvoje aptiktos S. columbae, S. oviformis, S. hjorti, S. silva rūšys. Molekuliniais tyrimais įrodyta, kad kai kurios tirtos Sarcocystis rūšys (S. wobeseri, S. hjorti, S. silva, S. hofmanni-like) nėra griežtai specifinės tarpiniam... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Up till now ecology and biodiversity of Sarcocystis species in game fauna in Lithuania has been investigated using traditional morphological methods. In the period of 2005-2011, muscle samples of 384 birds and 177 mammals were examined for Sarcocystis sarcocysts. Cysts of Sarcocystis spp. were investigated using light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and DNA analysis (18S rDNA, 28S rDNA, ITS–1 region). Statistically significant higher Sarcocystis infection prevalence and intensity rates (p< 0.05) were determined in mammals as compared to the birds. Macrocysts were detected only in the mallard, they were identified as S. rileyi and this is the first evidence of S. rileyi infection in Europe. Based on results of cyst wall ultrastructure and DNA analysis four new bird Sarcocystis species were described: S. albifronsi, S. wobeseri, S. anasi, S. cornixi. Eight Sarcocystis species were identified in the examined mammals using morphological and DNA analysis: S. miescheriana from wild boar; S. gracilis, S. capreolicanis, S. oviformis, S. silva and S. hofmanni-like from roe deer; S. hjorti, S. hofmanni-like and Sarcocystis sp. ex Cervus elaphus from red deer; S. hjorti from moose. S. columbae, S. oviformis, S. hjorti and S. silva were found in Lithuania for the first time. Using molecular investigation it was proved that some analyzed Sarcocystis species (S. wobeseri, S. hjorti, S. silva and S. hofmanni-like) are not rigidly specific to the intermediate host. Sarcocystis... [to full text]

Darbo tikslas – atlikti Lietuvos autotransporto sektoriaus rodiklių analizę darnaus aplinkos būklės, ekonominio ir socialinio vystymosi aspektais 2000–2011 m. Vykdant išsikeltus darbo uždavinius buvo renkami, grupuojami, ir analizuojami statistiniai duomenys susiję su transporto sektoriaus darniu vystymusi ir apimantys šio sektoriaus aplinkosauginius, ekonominius bei socialinius aspektus. Analizuojamas laikotarpis apima 2000 – 2010 metus. Per šį laikotarpį Lietuvos transporto sektorius labai vystėsi.. Kelių transporto priemonių skaičius 2000 – 2006 padidėjo 40 %. Vėliau šis augimas nebuvo toks ryškus. Kuro sunaudojimas transporto sektoriuje per analizuojamą laikotarpį išaugo 50 proc. Kuro suvartojimas transporto sektoriuje sumažėjo dabartinės ekonominės krizės metu. Vis didesnę dalį krovinių ir keleivių apyvartos užima kelių transportas. Keleivių vežimas viešojo naudojimo autobusais iki 2008 metų padidėjo 22 %. Transporto sektoriaus sukuriama BVP dalis 2000 – 2008 metų periodu augo 25 %. Darbuotojų skaičius transporto sektoriuje per 2000 – 2010 metų laikotarpį sumažėjo 16 %, tai rodo, kad net ir maža dalis dirbančiųjų transporto sektoriuje sukuria gan didelę dalį bendrojo Lietuvoje sukuriamo BVP. Bendras kelių tinklas išaugo 10 %. Lietuvoje gyventojų mirtingumas dėl transporto įvykių sumažėjo 54 %. Krovinių vežimas visomis transporto rūšimis iki 2008 metų augo, vėliau pastebimas sumažėjimas dėl finansų krizės. Ir tik nuo 2009 metų pastebimas pervežamų krovinių skaičiaus... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The purpose - to carry out motor Lithuania sector analysis of indicators of sustainable environmental, economic and social aspects of development in 2000-2011. The performance targets set for itself were collected, grouped and analyzed statistical data related to the transport sector and the sustainable development of the sector covering the environmental, economic and social aspects. The analysis covers the period 2000 - 2010 years. During this period the Lithuanian transport sector is very developed .. Road vehicles 2000 - 2006 increased by 40%. Later, the increase was less pronounced. Fuel consumption in the transport sector during the analysis period increased by 50 percent. Fuel consumption in the transport sector dropped in the current economic crisis. An increasing share of freight and passenger turnover of road transport occupies. Passengers carried by public buses by the year 2008 increased by 22%. Transport sector in the GDP of 2000 - 2008 season increased by 25%. Number of employees in the transport sector during 2000 - 2010 the period decreased by 16%, suggesting that even a small proportion of workers in the transport sector creates a relatively large part of total GDP generated in Lithuania. The total road network grew by 10%. Lithuania mortality rate of traffic accidents decreased by 54%. Freight transport by all modes of transport by the year 2008 to grow at appreciable reduction of the financial crisis. It is only since the year 2009 appreciable increase... [to full text]

Baigiamojo darbo tikslas - Pasinaudojant mokslinės literatūros teorijomis, išanalizuoti dabartinę UAB „Kautra“ situaciją Lietuvos ir užsienio rinkose bei plėtros galimybių perspektyvas. Teorinėje darbo dalyje apžvelgiama medžiaga, kuria remiantis buvo rašomas darbas. Pateikiamos skirtingų autorių strategijos formuluotės, apžvelgiami būdai, kokius žingsnius reikia atlikti, kuriant veiklos strategiją. Atliekant didžiausios Lietuvos keleivių vežėjos UAB „Kautra“ strategijos formavimo teorinius sprendimus, naudoti mokslinės literatūros palyginamosios analizės sisteminimo metodai. Empiriniam tyrimui, taikytas kiekybinis tyrimo metodas. Darbo pabaigoje suformuluota naujoji įmonės misija ir numatyta vizija, kuri aprėpia 10 metų. Taip pat nustatomos nagrinėjamos įmonės bazinės strategijos bei jų alternatyvos. / Final aim of this work is: While using theories of scientific literature, analyze current situation of Ltd Kautra in Lithuanian and international markets, also, to analyze development opportunities and prospects. In theoretical part there is presented analysis of different authors strategy definitions. Also, there are mentioned ways and steps needed for strategy creation. While making theoretical decisions of Lithuania's largest passenger carrier Ltd. Kautra, were used systematic methods of comparative analysis. At the end of the work is presented new company’s mission and vision 10 years ahead. Also are established basic strategies and alternatives of analyzed company.

Šiame baigiamajame bakalauro darbe tiriamas strategijų, paremtų technine analize, taikymas prekyboje Forex rinkoje. Pirmiausia teorinėje dalyje nagrinėjama pasaulinės valiutų rinkos sistema, aptariami privataus asmens dalyvavimo šioje rinkoje aspektai. Po to atskleidžiama techninės analizės specifika, pateikiant jos sampratą, pagrindines priemones bei teorinius, techninės analizės pagrindu sudarytos, strategijos formavimo principus. Praktinėje dalyje vertinamos, pagal teorinėje dalyje atskleistus principus, sudarytų strategijų efektyvumas Forex rinkoje analizuojant istorinius duomenis. Atliekant tyrimą buvo naudojamos šešios valiutų poros, siekiant įvertinti techninės analizės efektyvumo priklausomybę nuo valiutų poros likvidumo. Rašant darbą buvo naudotasi Lietuvos bei užsienio autorių moksline literatūra, internetiniais portalais bei Meta Trader 4 programa analizuojant istorinius duomenis. / This Bachelor's thesis analyses on technical analysis based strategies usage in Forex market. At first in theoretical part author looks into the system of Forex market, and presents it from private investor point of view. Later the particularity of technical analysis is presented by inducting it‘s definition, basic instruments and theoretical on technical analysis based strategies forming principles. In practical part the efficiency of technical analysis strategies is tested by analysing historical data. In this research six currencies pairs were used in order to value the relation between efficency of technical analysis and currency pair liquidity. In writing of thesis author used Lithuanian and foreigner authors literature, internet sites and Meta Trader 4 program by analysing historical data.

In this work the infrastructure of the Klaipeda port, its basic purposes and opportunities of development is analysed. The main and future projects of development of an infrastructure, problems of their introduction, factors, which influence development of an infrastructure, are considered. Time of feedback of an infrastructure is long and consists of 20 and more years therefore it is important to plan it in right way. Tendencies, ways and opportunities of development of an infrastructure should be based on general country economical development perspectives because infrastructures is quite expensive, and any investments should be proved and have economical benefit. Development of technological elements basically depends on the present and possible cargo streams. Therefore economical and technological aspects constantly should be analyzed and on their basis to be selected optimum of plans for development. Problems of port financing, market liberalization should be solved by perfection of legal acts, which regulate management of port.

The financial management of a company's activity is an inseparable part of effective government and rational decisions' admittance. The problem of a research is associated with the needs and possibilities of effective logistics financial management in a company. The baced on financial findings logistics decisions are effective and rational, but often companies do not have precise and necessary for logistics financial analyses data or financial management needs. The goal of this work is to make a research on the needs and possibilities of logistics financial management in a company and to offer precise financial analysis and the baced on it management, studies the possibilities of logistics financial management by using information of financial accountability, suggests effective, scholarly valid and practically popular methods of financial management, shows the schemes of financial analysis. The financially reasoned deciosions increase a potential of profitability and competitive ability. Therefore logistics financial management should be continuously improved, the conclusions of management effectiveness should be done by analysing financial results and evaluating the level of customers' satisfaction. The futher works associated with logistics financial management should be as follows: researches on logistics financial measures, possibilities and shortcomings of new financial management and information systems, disscussions in literature about companies, successfully... [to full text]

Topicality of the research. In compiling digital terrain models (DTM) as well as in evaluating them there are widely applied mathematical statistical measuring data processing and analysis methods. However in compiling digital models of relief and evaluating them there are certain peculiarities in mathematical statistical data application. These peculiarities are caused by the fact that relief modeling as well as analysis is considered to belong to the group of geostatic problems. The latter are peculiar for the initial results of measuring which are medium between purely random and purely determined sizes. In solving geo-statistical problems, one has to make use of regionalized data, the stochastic characteristics are the functions of geographic positions of the territory. In modeling the relief the surface geomorphologic peculiarities determine the characteristics of the functions of geographical position. Theoretical grounding of the methods used in modeling the relief surface (e.g., kriging, spline, invert distance weight (IDW), polynomal) is based on the statistical analysis of the random values. Due to the fact that the characteristics of geo-statistical measuring data are preconditioned by the geographic position, not in all territories there are equally suitable certain methods of modeling and parameters of modeling algorithms. The mentioned above reasons determine the fact that there do not exist unified digital terrain modeling methods and types, to be equally well... [to full text]

Everyone has had the experience of sitting in a traffic jam, or of seeing cars bunch up on a road for no apparent good reason. Nowadays the quantity of vehicles in the Lithuanian cities are growing very fast. The necessity of circumstantial territory analysis emerged for increasing Transportation Systems Control demand. Microscopic traffic flow models are important for analyzing individual crossroads and assessing interaction between some vehicles. In this paper there are analyzed microscopic traffic flow model. In this paper there answered what effect is produced by small differences in the velocities of the cars. And we have that microscopic traffic flow is in stability when kT < 0.5 and not in stability when kT > 0.5. Its very important for modeling microscopic traffic flow model. In this paper there are shown that microscopic traffic flow in K. Mindaugo – Birštono streets has Puasson distribution. There are made microscopic traffic flow simulation model of K. Mindaugo – Birštno streets crossroad by Arena 3.0 program and performed regression analysis for prognosticating microscopic traffic flow queues.

Magistro darbo objektas - internetas kaip viešosios erdvės arena. Darbo tikslas – atskleisti interneto specifinius bruožus, skirtumus nuo tradicinių žiniasklaidos priemonių ir išanalizuoti, kodėl internetas atitinka arba neatitinka viešajai erdvei keliamas sąlygas. Pagrindiniai darbo uždaviniai: išnagrinėti internetą J. Habermaso suformuluotos viešosios erdvės teorijos kontekste; įvertinti internetą kaip viešosios erdvės areną; apibendrintai pateikti interneto vartotojų kaip viešosios erdvės dalyvių elgesio bruožus; palyginti internetą su kitomis žiniasklaidos priemonėmis; apsibrėžti racionalių diskusijų sąvoką, jos kintamuosius bei požymius. Šiame magistro darbe, remiantis filosofų J. Habermaso, J. Baudrillardo, mokslininkų M. McLuhano, M. Posterio, A. Lyotardo ir kt. darbais, straipsniais ir teorijomis, siekta išsiaiškinti, ar naujoji medija – internetas – gali atstoti viešąją erdvę, skirtą politiškai aktyvinti visuomenę, racionaliai diskutuoti ir formuoti viešąją nuomonę. Darbe prieita prie išvados, kad internetas negali atitikti visų J. Habermaso apibūdintų viešosios erdvės egzistavimo sąlygų dėl savo specifiškumo. J. Habermaso apibūdinta viešoji sfera idealiai atitikdama visas keliamas sąlygas neegzistavo nei vienoje visuomenėje nei vienais laikais, todėl internetas taip pat negali sukurti idealaus viešumo modelio. Kaip bebūtų, internetas įnešė svarbų indėlį kuriant demokratiją ir skatinant politinį aktyvumą. Internetas pakeitė masinės žiniasklaidos santykius su... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Internet as a new form of communication emerged in the sixties (1969) when the idea of connecting computers into one network spread across the world. While accommodating and processing tremendous information flows Internet raised discussions whether the integration of many texts and voices into its space leads to anarchic or to democratic communication form. German philosopher J. Habermas laid the foundations for the Theory of Publicity’s Structural Transformation. When new communication forms emerged it was attempted to apply the model of ideal publicity to the Internet as a means of mass media which can restore the situation of the ideal language and the discussion among different layers of society. The relevance of the topic of this work is based on the attempt to analyze the properties of Internet and to attribute them to the public sphere. Now when it is considered that public spheres are disappearing from our lives it is very important to research the possibilities of Internet and its application to public interests of society. Object of this work – Internet as a public sphere arena. The main problem of this work – specificity of Internet, difficulty in meeting the conditions for the existence of public sphere model. The aim of this work – to uncover the specific features of Internet and its differences from traditional mass media, and to analyze how much Internet matches or does not match the ideal model of public sphere. The main tasks in this work: to analyze... [to full text]