En esta tesis, realizaré un análisis de dos obras del dramaturgo y director de teatro Arístides Vargas: “Danzon Park o la maravillosa historia del héroe y el traidor” y “La razón blindada”. Considero que, en ellas, se plantea una crítica hacia la posmodernidad, al revelarle al espectador la imposibilidad de los personajes para cambiar el presente en el que se encuentran. En otras palabras, estas obras ponen en escena a individuos que se ven encerrados en un presente detenido, del cual no pueden escapar, debido a que los mecanismos a los que apelan no permiten realizar un cambio en las condiciones materiales de la realidad. Para abordar este estudio, me enfocaré cómo se representan la temporalidad, el espacio y el héroe en las dos obras elegidas. A partir de teoría crítica sobre la condición posmoderna –principalmente, autores como Fredric Jameson y David Harvey–, así como literatura crítica del arte – como Slajov Žižek, Jacques Rancière o Terry Eagleton–, sostengo que en estas obras se representan las condiciones de la posmodernidad, pero, en lugar de asumir una posición cínica, característica de la sociedad contemporánea, dicha representación se plantea desde una perspectiva crítica, a partir de lo cual se evidencia una propuesta teatral comprometida políticamente con el contexto en el que se desenvuelve. / Tesis

Orientador: André Leonardo Chevitarese / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T06:57:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Guerra_LolitaGuimaraes_D.pdf: 3272234 bytes, checksum: bc2f37f5088831937e035ad9b21cb6f3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Os Hieroì Lógoi de Élio Aristides, compostos ca. 170 da Era Comum, constituem uma narrativa autobiográfica dedicada a Asclépio, cujo santuário, em Pérgamo, foi frequentado pelo autor ao longo de sua vida. Este, ao voltar-se em direção ao deus em busca de suas famosas curas praticadas por meio de sonhos, é transformado em meio a uma relação de favorecimento e intimidade com Asclépio que, em última instância, identifica-o a ele. Essa identificação, dada a ver no corpo de Aristides e por ele sentida é atravessada por valores paradoxais e inapreensíveis do ponto de vista de uma elaboração sistemática. Ela é entendida, assim, como uma iniciação mistérica, a qual dialoga com a cultura material de Asclepeia como os santuários de Pérgamo e o de Epidauro. Nesses espaços circulam sentidos e práticas cuja dinâmica resulta, não apenas, na produção da própria materialidade, como dos indivíduos que, no ocupar-se dela, são também constituídos. Esta relação circular com o mundo material ultrapassa o contexto dos santuários e deve ser também observada no próprio texto dos Hieroì Lógoi como produto humano e, ao mesmo tempo, produtor do humano. A escrita autobiográfica oferece-se, assim, como locus privilegiado para a reflexão sobre os modos de produção e existência do Eu enquanto ser no mundo. Ao mesmo tempo, na medida em que esta autobiografia é composta por meio de discursos nos quais se combinam elementos sobrenaturais e de transformação do si mesmo em algo para além do humano, ela deve ser pensada como parte de um antigo ocupar-se do Eu em ambiente greco-romano. Esta forma de tratar o Eu, tomá-lo e ocupar-se dele, prescinde da elaboração sistemática de um saber teórico e, simultaneamente, fundamenta toda reflexão desenvolvida em torno do problema do si mesmo a partir da perspectiva da primeira pessoa. A identificação de Aristides a Asclépio dialoga com temas caros a esses questionamentos: a unidade, a continuidade e a impermeabilidade do Eu, muitas vezes contestadas por ideias de multiplicidade, fragmentação e abertura. Essas reflexões frequentemente lançam hipóteses sobre a autonomia do indivíduo e sua vulnerabilidade perante os imortais. Na medida em que a identificação de Aristides a Asclépio se dá, em grande parte, por meio da visualidade e dos encontros face a face, sinaliza-se a necessidade de questionar a mortalidade e a imortalidade como pares antitéticos tributários de noções de alteridade próprias da dicotomia sujeito / objeto. Assim, a partir do discurso paradoxal de Aristides sobre suas experiências, o qual reatualiza antigas perspectivas sobre os limites entre deuses e homens como flexíveis, contestáveis e, até mesmo, apenas virtualmente existentes, defendemos uma abordagem da mortalidade e da imortalidade como pares incomensuráveis os quais, nos Hieroì Lógoi, constituem o Eu. Essa abordagem nos permite pensar mortalidade imortalidade como expressão particular de uma dimensão de trato, tomada e ocupação do Eu anterior, não-tributária e não-fundadora de um saber sistematizado das relações de alteridade. Os Hieroì Lógoi apresentam-se, portanto, como materialidade narrativa das possibilidades-Eu emergidas no sonho e na devoção de um homem do segundo século de nossa Era / Abstract: The Hieroì Lógoi of Aelius Aristides, composed ca. 170 C.E., constitute an autobiographical narrative dedicated to Asclepius, whose sanctuary, in Pergamon, the author visited many times throughout his life. As he turns to the god in search of his famous dream cures, Aristides is transformed through a favoritism and intimacy relationship with Asclepius which ultimately identifies them. This identification, bodily seen and felt by Aristides, is permeated by paradoxical and inapprehensible values from the perspective of systematic elaboration. Therefore, it is understood as an initiation into a mystery which is in close relation to the Asclepieia¿s material culture, as in Pergamon and Epidauros. In these spaces there are available meanings and practices in circulation whose dynamics result not only in the production of materiality but, also, in the fashioning of individuals who, as they deal with it, are constituted by it. This circular relation with the material world trespasses the sanctuaries¿ context and may be also observed in the Hieroì Lógoi text itself as a human product and, at the same time, it's producer. Autobiography is offered, therefore, as a privileged locus for the reflection on the modes of existence and fashioning of the Self as being in the world. At the same time, as this autobiography is composed by discourses which combine supernatural features and elements which transform the Self into something beyond human, it must be approached as part of the ancient self-occupation in the Greco-Roman world. This taking and occupation of the Self dispenses the systematic elaboration of a theoretical knowledge and simultaneously grounds all reflection on the problem of the Self from the first-person perspective. Aristides¿ identification with Asclepius engages in important themes to these inquiries: unity, continuity and the Self¿s impermeability, often contested by ideas of plurality, fragmentation and openness. These reflections frequently construct hypothesis regarding individual agency and autonomy, on the one hand, and vulnerability towards the gods, on the other. As Aristides¿ identification with Asclepius occurs, mostly, trough face-to-face visuality, comes to light the necessity to question mortality and immortality as antithetical pairs dependent on notions about otherness peculiar to the subject / object dichotomy. Therefore, from Aristides¿ paradoxical discourse on his experiences, which reactualizes ancient perspectives on the limits between gods and men as flexible, contested and even virtually absent, we assert an approach towards mortality and immortality as incommensurable pairs which constitute the Self in the Hieroì Lógoi. This approach allows us to consider mortality immortality as a particular expression of treatment, taking and occupancy of the Self which is prior, independent and non-constituent of systematized and discursively built alterity. The Hieroì Lógoi present themselves, therefore, as the narrative materiality of Self-possibilities arisen in this second-century man's dream and devotion / Doutorado / Historia Cultural / Doutora em História

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The extant ancient Greek treatises on music show very striking similarities regarding the explanation of music theory, although they span a time period of seven centuries. The aim of this thesis is to prove that these similarities were not caused by the missing development of music, but rather by the habit of ancient musicologists, who seem to have preferred the information contained in their sources, however old they were, to the description of real musical practice. In this respect Aristides Quintilianus, an author of the 3rd century AD, who wrote three books On music, was not different. This thesis includes an explanation of the development of music as it is depicted by contemporary non-musicological writers and notational diagrams, then presents the work of Aristides Quintilianus per se as well as in the context of the other ancient Greek musicological research. There is also a translation and a commentary on Aristides's first book, where the musical changes should be present. Finally, by a comparison of some parallel passages found in Aristides's first book and in the rest of the extant musicological treatises, Aristides's sources are exposed.

Le but de la thèse consiste dans la tentative de brosser un tableau du parcours occidental d’Aelius Aristide, orateur grec vécu au IIème siècle de notre ère, au moyen d’un examen des traductions latines de ses discours réalisées entre le XVème et la première moitié du XVIème siècle. Nous nous proposons de montrer que la réception d’Aristide en Occident au cours de l’humanisme a toujours été liée à des clairs intérêts littéraires, mais aussi à des raisons socio-culturelles et historiques. Pour cela, nous analysons les traductions latines de quatre discours d’Aristide : le Dionysos (or. 41), traduit par Cencio de’ Rustici en 1416 ; la Monodie pour Smyrne (or. 18), par Niccolò Perotti (1471) ; le discours Aux Rhodiens, sur la concorde (or. 24), par Carlo Valgulio ; le Discours d’ambassade à Achille (or. 16), par Joachim Camerarius (1535). Nous donnons une édition critique des deux premières traductions (Dionysos et Monodie) fondée sur les manuscrits latins et une édition moderne des deux dernières (Aux Rhodiens et Discours d’ambassade) ; nous proposons aussi l’identification du modèle grec utilisé par l’humaniste ou, au moins, l’identikit du texte grec originel lu par l’humaniste pour sa traduction. / The purpose of the thesis is to outline the western route of Aelius Aristides, Greek orator lived in II century AD, through an overview of the Latin translations of some of his speeches produced between the fifteenth and the first half of the sixteenth century by humanists from Italy and Northern Europe. We aim to show that Aristides’ reception in Western Europe during Humanism has always been related to clear literary interests, but also to socio-cultural and historical reasons. For this purpose, we analyze the Latin translations of four Aristides’ speeches : the Dionysos (or. 41), translated by Cencio de’ Rustici in 1416 ; the Monody for Smyrna (or. 18), by Niccolò Perotti (1471) ; the speech To the Rhodians, on concord (or. 24), by Carlo Valgulio (1497) ; the Embassy speech to Achille (or. 16), by Joachim Camerarius (1535). We give a critical edition of the first two translations (Dionysos and Monody) based on the Latin manuscripts and a modern publication of the last two (To the Rhodians and Embassy) ; we also propose the identification of the Greek model or, at least, we offer an identikit of the original Greek text read by the humanist for his translation.

En esta tesis, realizaré un análisis de dos obras del dramaturgo y director de teatro Arístides Vargas: “Danzon Park o la maravillosa historia del héroe y el traidor” y “La razón blindada”. Considero que, en ellas, se plantea una crítica hacia la posmodernidad, al revelarle al espectador la imposibilidad de los personajes para cambiar el presente en el que se encuentran. En otras palabras, estas obras ponen en escena a individuos que se ven encerrados en un presente detenido, del cual no pueden escapar, debido a que los mecanismos a los que apelan no permiten realizar un cambio en las condiciones materiales de la realidad. Para abordar este estudio, me enfocaré cómo se representan la temporalidad, el espacio y el héroe en las dos obras elegidas. A partir de teoría crítica sobre la condición posmoderna –principalmente, autores como Fredric Jameson y David Harvey–, así como literatura crítica del arte – como Slajov Žižek, Jacques Rancière o Terry Eagleton–, sostengo que en estas obras se representan las condiciones de la posmodernidad, pero, en lugar de asumir una posición cínica, característica de la sociedad contemporánea, dicha representación se plantea desde una perspectiva crítica, a partir de lo cual se evidencia una propuesta teatral comprometida políticamente con el contexto en el que se desenvuelve.

“Inscribing Community” examines Greek inscriptions from Rome, between the first and fourth centuries CE, in order to understand the spaces and presentation of multicultural communities within the topography of the city. Literary sources, from Martial to Aelius Aristides, cite Rome’s multiculturalism as a defining feature of the city. These literary sources, however, separate Rome’s diverse population from the city’s built environment. For all the presentation of the city as a culturally diverse capital, did its multicultural population contribute to the topography of the city? Understanding the relationship between the city’s multicultural population and landscape comes as a challenge given the difficulties of tracing identity within material culture and the flawed preservation of Rome’s archaeological record. For this dissertation, I turn to Greek inscriptions – as both social historical texts and archaeological objects – in order to examine the organization and spaces of multicultural communities in Rome. Greek inscriptions, despite the cultural popularity of the language, remained a rarity in the landscape of Rome, accounting for less than 5% of the existing epigraphic record of the city. Within the center of Rome, inscribed Greek represented a cultural practice of the eastern half of the empire, where Greek functioned as the administrative language. When the Greek epigraphic record is mapped onto the topography of Rome, three distinct clusters of inscriptions can be seen in the areas of the Sacra Via, the Baths of Trajan, and the southern Transtiberim region. The contents of the inscriptions within these areas not only demonstrate the existence of communities organized by people from the different parts of eastern Mediterranean but also reveal their physical impression on the city. The three sites mark the only known structures and spaces devoted to multicultural communities in the urban topography of Rome. The Greek inscriptions of these three sites, when examined together, reveal the tension between motivation and perception in imperial Rome. Individuals and communities created inscriptions in Greek as an expression of their identities and native cultures. Yet, the display of inscriptions made the texts perceptible objects within the landscape of Rome, which anyone in the city might interpret in their own way. At each of the sites, imperial power mediated this tension, affecting their presentation and articulation of identity. Whether displayed in the center of the city or its periphery, Greek inscriptions in Rome represent eastern cultural identity that can also serve as a message of imperial dominance.

This thesis explores Hellenistic and imperial Greek texts that represent or discuss the river Nile. The thesis makes an original contribution to scholarship by examining such texts in he light of the history of Greek discourse about the Nile and in the context of social, political and cultural changes, and takes account of relevant ancient Egyptian texts. I begin with an introduction that provides a survey of earlier scholarship about the Nile in Greek literature, before identifying three themes central to the thesis: the relationship between Greek and Egyptian texts, the tension between rationalism and divinity, and the interplay between power and literature. I then highlight both the cultural significance of rivers in classical Greek culture, and the polyvalence of the river Nile and its inundation in ancient Egyptian religion and literature. Chapter 1 examines the significance of Diodorus Siculus' representation of the Nile at the beginning of his universal history; it argues that the river's prominence constructs Egypt as a primeval landscape that allows the historian access to the distant past. The Nile is also seen to be useful to the historian as a conceptual parallel for his historiographical project. Whereas Diodorus begins his universal history with the Nile, Strabo closes his universal geography with Egypt; the second chapter demonstrates how Strabo incorporates the Nile into his vision of the new Roman world. Chapter 3 presents a diachronic study of Greek discourse concerning the two major Nilotic problems, the cause of the annual inundation and the location of the sources. It examines first the construction of the debates, and second the transformation of that tradition in Aelius Aristides' Egyptian Oration. The functions of the Nile in Greek praise-poetry are the subject of chapter 4; it is shown that the Nile and its benefactions are used by poets to lay claim to political, religious or cultural authority, and to situate Egypt within an expanding oikoumene. The fifth and final chapter turns to Greek narrative fictions from the imperial period. The chapter demonstrates that the Nile is more familiar than exotic in these texts. It is shown that Xenophon of Ephesus and Achilles Tatius play with the trope of 'novelty' in this very familiar literary landscape, while Heliodorus articulates a more profound disruption of the expected Egyptian tropes, and ultimately replaces Egypt with Ethiopia as a new Nilotic environment.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-02-27Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:27:22Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 alves_act_me_sjrp.pdf: 1338506 bytes, checksum: 67d694b4ea2a584c05846358bac23c51 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Nesta dissertação, a proposta de trabalho centra-se no estudo da poesia brasileira contemporânea, com ênfase para a vanguarda de 1970 (Poesia Marginal) na qual se observa o programa estético de dessacralização do discurso literário, de repúdio às formas de enunciação consagradas pelo sistema, considerando-se, também, que boa parte dessa produção poética ainda não foi devidamente avaliada. Assim, pretende-se estudar a dicção poética de Aristides Klafke, visando à identificação de sua escrita em um cenário políticocultural de ditadura, com ressonância ainda hoje. A hipótese de investigação está no fato de que a escrita marginal desconstruiria o discurso poético hegemônico, seja pela instância da reprodução artesanal, seja pela da configuração estética. Portanto, trata-se de proporcionar a esse polêmico fenômeno literário uma leitura diversa àquela propagada por alguns críticos ao avaliarem sua existência devido à circunstância de silêncio político, enfatizando a atitude simbólica de contestação em detrimento de seu conteúdo poético. Os argumentos dos estudiosos convergem para o nível de qualidade poética, caracterizando o movimento da Poesia Marginal como uma escrita “de” e “da” circunstância. Para tanto, propõe-se rever o rótulo “marginal” a partir do sinônimo maldito confrontando os discursos de teóricos e produtores, em procedimento comparativo e dedutivo, observando afinidades ou divergências no trato desta questão para fundamentar análise e interpretação da poesia de Aristides Klafke. Isso, além de recorrer aos estudos mais representativos da Historiografia e Crítica Literária brasileiras contemporâneas que fundamentam a teoria de poesia. Assim, pretende-se realizar uma leitura da escrita marginal no que tange ao reconhecimento das individualidades poéticas, neste caso, Aristides Klafke. Os poemas... / In this study, the proposal of this work is centered in the contemporary Brazilian poetry study, emphasizing the Vanguard of 1970 (Marginal Poetry) in which is observed a radical rupture with the traditional literary discourse, and marked for a refusal to the enunciation forms instituted by the system, considering that great part of this poetic production was not still well analyzed. So, this work aims at studying the poetic diction of Aristides Klafke, with the objective to identify his writing in politic and cultural scenery of dictatorship, with resonance still today. A hypothesis of investigation is in the fact that the marginal writing would deconstruct the hegemonic poetical discourse either for the instance of the non conventional reproduction, either for the aesthetic configuration. Therefore, this work deals with this polemic literary subject giving to this a different reading from that diffused by some critics when evaluating its existence connected with the circumstance politic silence, emphasizing the symbolic protest attitude in favor of its poetical content. The critics s arguments converge to the level of poetical quality characterizing the movement of Marginal Poetry as a writing of and the circumstance. For in such a way, we consider to review the label marginal from its synonymous cursed, collating the speeches of theoreticians and producers, in a comparative and deductive procedure, observing affinities or divergences referring to this question to justify the analysis and interpretation of the poetry of Aristides Klafke. This, besides appealing to the most representative studies of the Historiography and contemporaries Literary Brazilian Critical who base the poetry theory. So, it s intended realize a reading of marginal writing referring to the recognition of the poetical individualities, in this case, Aristides Klafke. The poems for analysis... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Divine healing has been often seen in opposition to human healing. The two spheres, have been considered as separate, both in space and in terms of elements involved. Asclepian sanctuaries have been mostly presented as domains of exclusively divine intervention, without any involvement of the human factor, possibly with the sole exception of dream interpretation. However, the written testimonies of temple cures, both those in the form of cure inscriptions dedicated in sanctuaries and the literary accounts of the incubation experience, give us reasons to suppose that the practical side of the functioning of the asklepieia could have assumed the involvement of human medicine, with the extent of this involvement differing in various epochs. Regardless of physicians' participation or its lack in the procedure, the methods applied in sanctuary healing appear to have evolved in parallel to the developments in medicine and their popular perception. Archaeological finds as well as the image of Asclepius as the god of medicine itself seem to confirm this. Nevertheless, by no means should these connections between the two spheres be treated as transforming the space of religious meaning into hospitals functioning under the auspices of a powerful god. Although acknowledging them does entail inclusion of human medicine within the space dedicated to Asclepius, it does not thereby deny the procedure of incubation its religious and metaphysical dimension. On the contrary, it shows that to the Greek mind divine and human healing were not mutually exclusive, but overlapped and coincided with each other, proving that the Greek sense of rationality was quite different from the modern and could comprise far more than what we call today "scientific thinking".