In this report a product development process is constructed and used to redesign an omnidirectional treadmill, the Omnideck. The current design of the Omnideck platform is designed without regard for assembly. Using modularity and design for assembly theories, incorporated with the product development process, the Omnideck platforms design is improved in respect to assembly time. The original design required 175 labour hours to install. The result is an improved design which requires ten and a half hours to install at a customer. This is achieved by redesigning the Omnideck into individual modules which allow for a faster installation.

Fokus i detta arbete ligger i att konstruera om vissa delar av produkten för lättare och snabbare montering. Huvudproblemen som upptäcks i detta arbete handlar om skymd sikten vid monteringen samt bristande utrymme för installation av komponenter. Arbetet börjar med att formulera undersökningsproblemet och sedan presenteras olika vetenskapliga metoder, relevanta teorier samt genomförandet av arbetet. Nulägesbeskrivning, nulägesanalys samt förbättringsförslag till problemen utförs i genomförandet. På grund av att ingen egen tillverkning sker på företaget har författarna valt att utföra beräkningar istället för att verifiera att lösningarna till problem håller. Resultatet i detta arbete blir att antalet delar och skruvar har minskats samt att sikten och tillgängligheten vid insättning av komponenter har förbättrats, vilket kommer att minska monteringstiden till en viss del.

In Sweden housing shortage is a rising issue. Within a ten year period scientists predict that the Swedish population will increase from 10 to approximately 11 million people. Due to this increase in the Swedish population, the production of multi-dwelling buildings should be expanding, though instead building development is now decreasing. The Swedish government recently stated upon a climate strategy, to have no excessive emissions of greenhouse gases until the year of 2045. Regarding this climate strategy and the increasing need for housing, the need to build time-efficient, low cost buildings that have minimal environmental impact is in a greater demand than ever before. The purpose of this degree project is to elucidate the environmental effects, costs and assembly time for multi-dwelling buildings with prefabricated wooden and concrete frames. The study, based on literature and interviews, displays that prefabricated cross-laminated timber frames are more expensive than prefabricated concrete frames. However, choosing a timber frame does not necessarily result in a higher production cost compared to a concrete frame. Due to the dehydration time with concrete frames, wooden frames are almost 20 % more time efficient to assemble. Although wooden frames take less time to assemble, they often need more post-production work to withhold quality demands in comparison to concrete frames. The difference in environmental effect between the two materials is significant. Wood is an organic and renewable material and therefore has a low environmental impact. Concrete, which is a non-renewable material, has a higher environmental impact because of its cement component. Today 90 % of the newly developed multi-dwelling buildings are constructed with concrete. To reach the climate strategy in 2045, an increase of wooden constructions is one solution to lower the greenhouse gas emissions. Regarding that most of today’s construction building companies are using concrete as their primary frame material, this way of construction will have to change. Due to this future change, a decisionmaking model for selecting framework material has been developed. The model aims to guide clients and construction companies in an early process to get a first indication on what type of material that would be most beneficial to use in a project. The model is based on three different key factors; environmental effect, investment cost and time. When using the model, these key factors will be compared to each other and prioritized in a hierarchy setting. The outcome specifies the most preferable material to use in a project.

The diploma thesis deals with the solution of the multi-purpose building project in Lužice. This work includes the extended accompanying and summary technical report, the coordination situation of the construction, the technical report of the transport relations and the coordination of the oversized transport, the object time schedule and the financial plan of the construction, the plan for providing the material resources containing the staff balance for the construction of the main building, the time schedule for the assembly of the prefabricated skeleton, technological standard for prefabricated skeleton, design of main building machines and mechanisms including their time commitment, organization of construction of multipurpose building including drawings of construction site equipment, technological regulation for assembling of prefabricated skeleton and for making of reinforced concrete floor, inspection and testing plan for prefabricated skeleton assembly, lifting mechanism, assembly schemes for prefabricated skeleton elements, lifting mechanism verification schemes, item budget prefabricated skeleton chalk and instructions for building use and maintenance.

This diploma thesis deals with the construction and technological project of the extension of the production hall Granitol a.s. in Moravian Beroun. The thesis focuses on the technological stage of assembly of the prefabricated skeleton of the rough top structure and the laying of the floor formation. In addition, an extended accompanying and summary technical report, a technical report on transport relations and coordination of oversized transport, a time and financial plan for the construction, a budget for the prefabricated skeleton, a timetable and the balance of the workers, the design of the main construction machines and mechanisms, including their time commitment , organization of the construction of the building including drawings of the construction site equipment, technological regulation for the assembly of the prefabricated skeleton and the laying of the floor formation, inspection and testing plan for the prefabricated skeleton assembly, summary assessment of the lifting mechanism selection, schematic of the assembly procedure of the prefabricated skeleton elements, protection and health at work during construction.

Målet med detta projekt har varit att utveckla en monteringsvänlig och kostnadseffektiv ljuddiffuser, en komponent som inte ska påverka ljudnivån och luftflödet för mycket, tillskillnad från den befintliga lösning som idag används i 3nine AB:s oljedimavskiljare. Examensarbetet följer den produktutvecklingsprocess som redogörs i boken Produktutveckling – Konstruktion och design av Karl T. Ulrich och Steven D. Eppinger. Där arbetet har anpassats för tidsramen på 10 veckor och delats upp i fyra faser. Fas1 – Förstudie, Fas 2 – faktainsamling, Fas 3 – Genomförande och Fas 4 – Rapportering. Den lösning som används idag består av fem vikta bitar sträckmetall som har sytts ihop med ståltråd, ljuddiffusern tar lång tid att montera ihop och att montera ned i maskinen. De fem vikta bitarna sträckmetall har vassa kanter efter klippning som försvårar monteringen ytterligare. En ljuddiffuser har en kostnad på 100 kr/st att framställa. För denna lösning togs mätvärden i 3nine AB:s verkstad fram som agerar som referensmätvärden, monteringstid – 333 [s], ljudnivå – 68 [dB], luftflöde – 319 [m ³/h] och DFA – index (mätvärde för monteringsvänlighet) – 5,4 %. Där 100 % ses som optimal monteringsvänlighet och högre DFA-index leder till reducerade kostnader. Då luft strömmar genom maskinen så påverkar detta mätvärdena och möjlig design av ny prototyper, men strömningslära är kunskaper som vi saknar och detta analyser med avseende på detta avgränsades bort. Genom Idéutvecklingsprocesser som Brainstorming, 6-3-5 Brainwritning, Morfologiskmatris, Pughmatris, konceptskisser, Virtuella koncept (3D-CAD) och friformsframställning (3D-utskrivning av prototyp) så togs fem prototyper fram som sedan testades för monteringstid, ljudnivå, luftflöde och DFA-index. Dessa tester resulterade i att det var en prototyp som utmärkte sig med förbättrade resultat jämfört med referensmätvärdena av befintliga ljuddiffusern. Mätvärden för prototypen ”45° väggen”, monteringstid – 16 [s], ljudnivå – 65 [dB], luftflöde – 342 [m ³/h] och DFA – index (mätvärde för monteringsvänlighet) – 93 %. Risk – och FEM-analys genomfördes på prototypen för att identifiera svagheter i konstruktionen, lösningar på dessa rekommenderas i form av små förändringar som t.ex. rundningar vid hörn. Dessa mätvärden redogör att den framtagna lösningen är bättre än dagens lösning och rekommenderas att implementeras och vidareutvecklas av företaget / The aim of this project has been to improve the existing noise diffuser used currently today in the oil-separatingmachines developed by 3nine AB. By reducing noise levels, increasing the air flow, increasing the “ease of assembly” and making it more cost effective. The thesis follows the product development process described in the book “Product Development - Construction and Design” by Karl T. Ulrich and Steven D. Eppinger. The work was adapted for a 10-week timeframe and divided into four phases. Phase 1 - Pre-Study, Phase 2 – Information gathering, Phase 3 - Implementation and Phase 4 - Reporting. The solution used today consists of five folded pieces of stretch metal that have been sewn together with steel wire, the noise diffuser takes a long time to assemble and to fit into the machine. The five folded pieces of stretch metal have sharp edges after cutting, which further complicates the assembly. The production cost for each diffuser is 100 kronor. For the present solution, the measurement values taken at 3nine AB's workshop were set as reference values, assembly time - 333 [s], noise level - 68 [dB], airflow - 319 [m³ / h] and DFA-index (measurement value for ease of assembly) - 5.4%. DFA-index when 100% is seen as the optimal ease of assembly and a higher DFA-index leads to reduced costs. As air flows through the machine, this affects the measured values and possible design of new prototypes, but fluid mechanics is one knowledge we lacked and therefor analysis of this was not possible and delimited. Through Idea Development Processes such as Brainstorming, 6-3-5 Brainwriting, Morphological Matrix, Pugh matrix, Concept Sketches, Virtual Concepts (3D-CAD) and Rapid prototyping (3D-prototype printing), five prototypes were produced, then tested for assembly time, noise level, airflow and DFA -index. These tests resulted in a prototype that featured improved results compared to the reference values of the existing noise diffuser. Measurement values for prototype "45° wall" where assembly time - 16 [s], noise level - 65 [dB], airflow - 342 [m³ / h] and DFA index - 93%. Risk-analysis and FEA was carried out on the same prototype to identify weaknesses in the design. The solutions to these weaknesses are recommended in the form of small design changes such as rounded sharp corners. These measured values state that the solution developed is better than today's solution and is recommended to be implemented and further developed by the company.

Funktionalisierte organische Perylenbisimidfarbstoffe (PBI) und aus Cadmiumselenid bestehende Halbleiternanokristalle werden hinsichtlich physikalischer sowie chemischer Wechselwirkungsprozesse miteinander und mit ihrer Umgebung mittels zeitaufgelöster optischer Spektroskopie untersucht. Im Mittelpunkt der Studien an diesem organisch/anorganischen Modellsystem nanoskopischer Größe steht die Aggregatbildungskinetik und die Identifikation und Quantifizierung von Transferpozessen. Die Anbindung der gut löslichen PBI-Farbstoffe an die Oberfläche solcher Halbleiternanokristalle mittels spezieller Ankergruppen wird durch Selbstorganisation in Lösung realisiert. Die Kombination von Absorptions- und zeitaufgelöster Fluoreszenzspektroskopie zeigt einen unterschiedlich starken Einfluss von Liganden und Farbstoffen auf die Fluoreszenzlöschung der Nanokristalle und belegt, dass Resonanzenergietransfer zum Farbstoff nur in sehr geringem Maße die physikalische Ursache der Fluoreszenzlöschung ist. Die Anzahl adsorbierter Farbstoffe und die Stärke der Fluoreszenzlöschung eines einzelnen Farbstoffmoleküls werden aus zeitaufgelösten Einzelmolekülexperimenten an immobilisierten Emittern gewonnen, welche den direkten spektroskopischen Zugang zur Verteilung gebundener und freier Farbstoffe/Nanokristalle erlaubt. Darüber hinaus werden ankergruppen- und umgebungsspezifische Einflüsse auf die Konformations- und Orientierungsdynamik von Perylenbisimidmolekülen dargestellt. Abschließend werden photo-physikalische Gemeinsamkeiten chemisch unterschiedlich hervorgerufener Fluoreszenzlöschungsprozesse herausgearbeitet und im Kontext von Einzelkristall-Blinkprozessen diskutiert.

The aim of the diploma thesis is construction-technological project of the whole construction focusing on the main building object - Apartment building, which is based on large-diameter drilling piles. The basis of the work is the budget of the main building and its timetable. Part of the thesis is a solution of organization of construction and design of building site equipment, technological regulation of selected activities, quality control and solution of transport relations including oversized transport. In addition, the design of the machine assembly, assessment of lifting mechanisms, safety and health protection and protection of the environment are solved.