<p>Respiratory distress syndrome is a major cause of mortality among pre-term and term neonatal population. To overcome the limitations of current therapies, a new form of respiratory support termed the, “Artificial Placenta” has been proposed. The Artificial Placenta is a type of oxygenator that is attached postnatally via the umbilical vessels to provide pumpless respiratory support to pre-term and term neonates. To develop this concept, our group previously reported on a novel polycarbonate membrane lung assist device (LAD). To build upon its development, the objectives of this thesis are to determine the optimal interface for gas exchange, and characterize the gas exchange properties of the LAD under ambient and oxygen rich atmosphere. Subsequently, its feasibility was determined by studying the effects of extracorporeal flow rates on cardiovascular parameters and gas exchange performance was assessed in a newborn piglet model.</p> <p>In vitro testing demonstrated that PDMS based membrane is the optimal interface for gas exchange in the LAD. In vitro testing of the LAD demonstrated 2.4 µL/min/cm² -3.8 µL/min/cm² and 6.4 µL/min/cm²- 10.1 µL/min/cm² of O₂ and CO₂ transfer respectively under ambient air and oxygen rich atmospheric conditions. Based on these results, the LAD theoretically could provide 6-11% of metabolic O₂ while eliminating 18-26% of CO₂in a newborn healthy pre term infant. Experiments in newborn piglet models achieved pumpless configuration with flow rates up to 60.9ml/kg/min without presenting decompensation. Preliminary, in vivo gas exchange experiments demonstrated O₂ transfer of 3ul/min/cm², which matches closely to in vitro data.</p> <p>A novel pumpless LAD is reported, which provides sufficient respiratory support. High extracorporeal flow rates with stable cardiovascular parameters demonstrate feasibility of the artificial placenta concept. This novel LAD could potentially serve as a rescue device when all other therapies such as nasal continuous positive airway and mechanical ventilation fail.</p> / Master of Applied Science (MASc)

Various congenital heart defects (CHDs) are characterized by the existence of a single functional ventricle, which perfuses both the systemic and pulmonary circulation in parallel. A three-stage palliation procedure, including the final Fontan Completion, is often adopted by surgeons to treat patients with such CHDs. However, the most common outcome of this surgery, an extra-cardiac total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC), formed by suturing the inferior vena cava (IVC) and superior vena cava (SVC) to the pulmonary arteries (PAs), results in non-physiological flow conditions, systemic venous hypertension, reduced cardiac output, and pressure losses, which ultimately calls for a heart transplantation. A modest pressure rise of 5-6 mm Hg would correct the abnormal flow dynamics in these patients. To achieve this, a novel conceptual design of a percutaneous dual propeller pump inserted and mounted inside the TCPC is developed and studied. The designed blood pump is percutaneously inserted via the Femoral vein and deployed at the center of Total Cavopulmonary Connection (TCPC). The two propellers, each placed in the Superior Vena Cava (SVC) and the Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) are connected by a single shaft and motor, and thus rotate at same speed. The device is supported with the help of a self-expanding stent which would be anchored to the walls of the IVC and the SVC. An inverse design methodology implementing Blade Element Momentum theory and Goldstein's radial momentum loss theory was employed to generate the blade profiles for the studied propeller pumps. The propeller blade profiles generated from the inverse design optimization code were examined for hydraulic performance, blood flow pattern and potential for hemolysis inside the TCPC using 3-D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis. The Lagrangian particle tracking approach in conjunction with a non-linear mathematical power law model was used for predicting the blood damage potential of the analysed blood pump designs by calculating the scalar shear stress history sustained by the red blood cells (RBC). The study demonstrated that the IVC and SVC propeller pumps could provide a pressure rise of 1-20 mm Hg at flow rates ranging from 0.5 to 5 lpm while rotating at speeds of 6,000-12,000 rpm. Moreover, the average Blood Damage Index (BDI), quantifying the level of blood trauma sustained by the RBCs for the analyzed propeller pump designs, was found to be around 3e-04% to 4e-04% which is within the acceptable limits for an axial flow heart assist device. Thus, such a dual propeller blood pump configuration could potentially provide assistance to Fontan patients by unloading the single functional ventricle thereby acting as a bridge to transplantation and recovery until a donor heart is available. / Master of Science

The first part of this work focuses on control experiments performed on an unstable kerosene-fueled turbulent combustor. Using a phase shift controller and primary fuel modulation stability is successfully gained for a wide band of global equivalence ratios allowing the limitations of the control scheme to be characterized. It is shown that control signal saturation can significantly impact the ability of the control scheme to stabilize the system. Three different regions of controllability are defined based on the degree of saturation. A hysteresis behavior is also found to exist for the controller settings depending on whether stability is being maintained or realized for an unstable system. The second part of this work focuses on the impact that primary fuel modulation has on the fuel spray. Measurements for a simplex nozzle and an air-assist nozzle are taken under both static and dynamic operating conditions with a Phase Doppler Anemometry system. The dynamic modulation is found to significantly impact the spray properties of both nozzles. / Master of Science

Vehicle platooning is an advanced vehicle maneuver that allows for the simultaneous control of several vehicles traveling on the roadway cite{al2010experimental}. Automated platoons, when activated in tractor trailer convoys, have a high potential of increasing the fuel efficiency and improving the utilization of roadways by allowing more vehicles to share the road at the same time. The increased fuel efficiency translates to lower cost on goods and motivates a more environmentally friendly and sustainable economy. In order to achieve the promised fuel savings from vehicle platooning, the vehicles need to follow each other at shorter headways than in typical driving scenarios. The reduced separation distance between the lead and follow vehicle reduces visibility and the reaction time available for the follow vehicle; this renders most modern Active Driver Assist Systems (ADAS) ineffective since they are not designed for operation in such short headway conditions. The focus of this work is related to understanding and improving the failures of Lane Keep Assist (LKA) systems in the follow vehicles of a platoon. In this work, the source of lane detection degradation when using a monocular forward facing camera in short headway platooning is identified. Furthermore, a novel lane augmentation algorithm is proposed to improve the lane detection capability of follow vehicles in a platoon. The lane augmentation process utilizes a longitudinal transformation of lane parameters from the lead to the follow vehicles. The transformation utilizes an accurate understanding of the relative spatial position and orientation of the two vehicles. The transformation also requires a reliable communication system between the two vehicles such as a Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) module. The work presented in this thesis develops theory, simulation and verification using real world data of the proposed cooperative lane augmentation. The results of this work indicate that it is possible to improve vehicle platooning performance by distributing the required sensing across multiple agents of the platoon. / Master of Science / Vehicle platooning is an advanced vehicle maneuver that allows for the simultaneous control of several vehicles traveling on the roadway cite{al2010experimental}. Automated platoons, when activated in tractor trailer convoys, have a high potential of increasing the fuel efficiency and improving the utilization of our roadways by allowing more vehicles to share the road at the same time. The increased fuel efficiency translates to lower cost on goods and motivates a more environmentally friendly and sustainable economy. In order to achieve the promised fuel savings from vehicle platooning, the vehicles need to follow each other at closer distances (headway) than in typical driving scenarios. The reduced separation distance between the lead and follow vehicle reduces visibility and the reaction time available for the follow vehicle; this renders most modern Active Driver Assist Systems (ADAS) ineffective since they are not designed for operation in such short headway conditions. The focus of this work is related to understanding and improving the failures of Lane Keep Assist (LKA) systems - the automated system used to keep the vehicle in the center of the lane - in the follow vehicles of a platoon. In the proposed scenario, the LKA uses a single forward facing camera to detect the lane lines ahead of the vehicle. The detected lanes serve as inputs to the lateral position (steering) controller in order to keep the vehicle in the center of the lane. In this work, the source of lane detection degradation in a follow vehicle of a short headway platoon is identified. Furthermore, a novel cooperative lane detection algorithm is proposed to improve the lane detection capability of the follow vehicles. The proposed algorithm utilizes lane information transformed from the lead to follow vehicle frame. The transformation utilizes the relative spatial position and orientation of the two vehicles. Additionally, a reliable communication protocol between the vehicles is required to transport the lane information. The work presented in this thesis develops theory, simulation and verification using real world data of the proposed algorithm. The results of this work indicate that lane keeping performance in a platoon can be improved using cooperative lane detection.

The thesis discusses the education of patients with left ventricular support HeartMate II. Theoretical part is focused on education and its ethical and legal aspects, on the description of the educational process. Furthermore it focuses on heart supports, especially on left ventricular assist device HeartMate II. To provide a comprehensive overview, I have included also information about the anatomy and physiology of the cardiovascular system and the section on heart failure. I described the specifics of nursing care for patients with implanted HeartMate II system and the educational topics that should be part of the education of these patients. The empirical part was prepared as a quantitative research, where research sample was 47 respondents. Respondents consisted of nurses who educate patients after implantation of the HeartMate II at the cardiovascular surgical intensive care unit. To create the feedback I complemented a quantitative research with structured interviews with patients after implantation of the HeartMate II. The aim of the research was to determine the status and range of education of patients with left ventricular assist device HeartMate II. This thesis further maps the topics on which is placed the emphasis in education and vice versa topics that would need to focus more on....

Hintergrund: Elastischer Ohrknorpel ist eine potentielle Quelle fuer autologe Zellen um die luminalen Oberflaechen von links ventrikularen assist systemen (LVAD''s) zu besiedeln zu dem Zweck die Biokompatibilitaet dieser Systeme zu verbessern. Wir prueften dieses Potential der Ohrknorpelzellen in vitro und in vivo in einem Tiermodel (Kalb). Methoden: In vitro, Elastischer Knorpel wurde von dem Ohr eines Kalbes unter Lokalanaesthesie gewonnen, isoliert, und in Gewebekultur gezuechtet. Chondrocytes wurden immunocytochemisch analysiert, transferriert in Zellkulturmedium, zweimal umgesetzt, und auf die blutkontaktierenden, luminalen Oberflaechen von vier LVAD''s (HeartMate(R); Thermo Cardiosystems, Inc., Woburn, MA) gesiedelt. Die beschichteten Zelloberflaechen wurden preconditioniert unter Flussbedingungen in vitro, um die Zellhaftung an den luminalen Oberflaechen der LVAD''s zu beguenstigen. Die Effiezienz der Zellbesiedelung und der kumulative Zellverlust unter Flussbedingungen in vitro wurden quantifiziert. In vivo, eine der vier chondrocyte-beschichteten und preconditionierten LVAD''s wurde in das Kalb implantiert, welches urspruenglich Ohrknorpelspender diente. Das LVAD wurde fuer sieben Tage betrieben, dann explantiert und pathologisch und histologisch evaluiert unter der Benutzung eines Scanningelektronenmikroskopes und eines Transmissionelektronenmikroskopes. Resultate: Die luminalen Oberflaechen von vier LVAD''s wurden mit autologen Ohrknorpelzellen besiedelt. Die Effiezienz der Zellbesiedelung betrug 95.11± 4.23% (n = 4). Der kumulative Zellverlust unter Flussbedingungen in vitro war geringer als 12% (n = 4). Nach sieben Tagen der in vivo Implantation zeigten die luminalen Oberflaechen des implantierten LVAD eine intakte, fest haftende Zellbesiedelung. Es wurden keine Thromboembolien waehrend der Nekropsie festgestellt. Schlussfolgerungen: Ohrknorpel stellt eine einfach und schnell erreichbare Quelle fuer autologe Ohrknorpelzellen dar, dessen Collagen Typ II und andere wichtige Bestandteile der extrazellulaeren Matrix sie dazu befaehigt, fest an den luminalen Oberflaechen der LVAD''s zu haften. Die hier beschriebene einfache Methode der Knorpelgewinnung und der Zellisolierung kann benutzt werden, um eine autologe Zellbeschichtung von LVAD''s und anderen implantierbaren kardiovaskulaeren Systemen vorzunehmen mit dem Ziel die Biokompatibilitaet dieser zu verbessern. Unsere erfolgreiche Feasibilitystudie in einem Kalbmodel fordert weitere in vivo Studien. / Background: Auricular elastic cartilage is a potential source of autologous cells for lining the luminal surfaces of left ventricular assist devices (LVAD''s) to improve long-term biocompatibility. We evaluated this potential in vitro and in vivo in a calf model. Methods: In vitro, auricular cartilage was harvested from the anesthetized ear of a calf, isolated, and cultured on tissue culture dishes. Primary chondrocytes were typed by immunocytochemistry, transferred into culture media, passaged twice, and seeded onto the blood-contacting luminal surfaces of four LVAD''s (HeartMate(R); Thermo Cardiosystems, Inc., Woburn, MA). The seeded cell linings were preconditioned under flow conditions in vitro to promote cell adhesion to the luminal surfaces. Seeding efficiency and cumulative cell loss under flow conditions in vitro were quantitated. In vivo, one of the four preconditioned, autologous chondrocyte-lined LVAD''s was implanted into the tissue-donor calf; run for 7 days; explanted; and finally evaluated grossly, by scanning electron microscopy, and by transmission electron microscopy. Results: Autologous chondrocytes were seeded onto the luminal surfaces of the four LVAD''s. The seeding efficiency was 95.11± 4.23% (n = 4). Cumulative cell loss during preconditioning under flow conditions in vitro did not exceed 12% (n = 4). After 7 days of in vivo implantation, the luminal surfaces of the implanted LVAD demonstrated an intact, strongly adherent cellular lining. There was no evidence of thromboembolic events at necropsy. Conclusions: Auricular elastic cartilage is a ready and easily accessible source of chondrocytes whose ability to produce collagen II and other important extracellular matrix constituents allows them to adhere strongly to the luminal surfaces of LVAD''s. The simple method of isolating and expanding auricular chondrocytes presented here could be used to provide autologous cell linings for LVAD''s and other cardiovascular devices to improve their long-term biocompatibility. Our successful short-term feasibility study in a calf model warrants further study in vivo.

Apesar dos crescentes avanços no controle e tratamento da insuficiência cardíaca, sejam eles na área clinica ou cirúrgica, o tratamento definitivo permanece sendo o transplante cardíaco. No entanto, o transplante cardíaco tem enfrentado o grave problema da escassez de doadores. Atualmente, estima-se que entre 20% e 40% dos pacientes selecionados falecem na fila de espera em todo o mundo sendo que a maioria, por falência circulatória progressiva. Para esses pacientes, a utilização de dispositivos de assistência circulatória mecânica é, muitas vezes, a única possibilidade de sobrevivência durante a espera do doador. No Brasil, a experiência com o emprego de métodos de assistência circulatória mecânica no tratamento do choque cardiogênico é pequena. Paralelamente, a expectativa de vida dos pacientes nesta situação, em particular os de etiologia chagásica, é muito limitada, e nenhum programa regular foi ainda introduzido com a finalidade de utilizar estes dispositivos no tratamento do choque cardiogênico refratário, especialmente como ponte para o transplante cardíaco. Objetivos: O objetivo deste estudo é determinar a viabilidade e segurança do implante do DAV-InCor como ponte para o transplante cardíaco, avaliando o seu desempenho hemodinâmico, a evolução clínica e as alterações da resposta inflamatória dos pacientes submetidos a este procedimento. Métodos: Este estudo foi realizado em pacientes que estavam na fila de espera para o transplante cardíaco, no período de outubro de 2003 a abril de 2006, e se apresentavam em quadro clínico de choque cardiogênico refratário. Durante os primeiros dias, foram analisadas as medidas de pressão capilar pulmonar (PCP), pressão de artéria pulmonar (PAP), pressão venosa central (PVC), débito cardíaco e índice cardíaco (IC). O cálculo do fluxo indexado era obtido pela divisão entre o fluxo do dispositivo pela superfície corpórea. Durante o seguimento pós-operatório imediato, a saturação venosa central de oxigênio (SVO2), os níveis de lactato sérico, uréia, creatinina, bilirrubinas e desidrogenase lática foram dosados diariamente. Os níveis séricos do peptídeo natriurético central (BNP), das interleucinas (IL6 e IL8), do fator de necrose tumoral alfa (TNF alfa) e da proteína C reativa (PCR) foram dosados nos três primeiros dias de seguimento e posteriormente a cada semana. Resultados: No período do estudo, 29 pacientes foram indicados em caráter de prioridade para o transplante cardíaco. Destes pacientes, 11 evoluíram em choque cardiogênico refratário à terapêutica farmacológica e ao implante de balão intra-aórtico. O implante do DAV-Incor foi realizado em sete destes pacientes. O diagnóstico etiológico foi cardiopatia chagásica em cinco (71%) e cardiomiopatia dilatada idiopática em dois (29%) dos sete pacientes estudados. Cinco pacientes eram do sexo masculino. A idade variou entre 34 e 54 anos (média de 39,5 anos). A assistência circulatória mecânica ao ventrículo esquerdo foi mantida nos 7 pacientes por períodos que variaram de 14 a 42 dias, com média de 26,2 dias. Neste período, o desempenho hemodinâmico foi adequado, sendo observada a normalização do índice cardíaco, das pressões em território pulmonar, da SVO2 e do lactato sérico. A avaliação da resposta inflamatória sistêmica demonstrou a elevação do TNF e das interleucinas, principalmente nos pacientes que evoluíram com alterações infecciosas. O transplante cardíaco foi realizado em 2 pacientes e os outros 5 faleceram em uso do DAV Incor por infecção sistêmica ou falência de múltiplos órgãos. Não ocorreram complicações relacionadas ao DAV em 6 pacientes nos primeiros 30 dias de seguimento. Um paciente apresentou episódio de acidente vascular cerebral extenso aos 26 dias de pós-operatório. Conclusões: Os resultados deste estudo demonstram que, apesar do alto índice de complicações apresentado pelos pacientes, a assistência circulatória mecânica ao ventrículo esquerdo pode ser realizada como ponte para transplante cardíaco em nosso meio. / Cardiac transplantation faces a serious problem of lack of donation. Between 20 and 40% of the listed patients died while waiting for heart transplantation, most of them because of progressive heart failure. For these patients, the use of mechanical circulatory assist devices is the only choice of surviving during that time. In Brazil, the experience with mechanical circulatory support is limited and there is no regular program of the use of these devices as bridge to heart transplantation. Objectives: To evaluate the hemodynamic performance and the systemic inflammatory response during the clinical application of the ventricular assist device type InCor (DAV-InCor) as bridge to heart transplantation. Methods: Between October 2003 and April 2006, 11 patients on the waiting list for heart transplantation have hemodynamic deterioration to refractory cardiogenic shock. Hemodinamic profile (cardiac index, capilar pressure, pulmonary artery pressure and central venous pressure) was analised during early post-operative days. Serum levels of central venous saturation, lactate, urea, creatinin, bilirrubin and lacti desidrogenase were measured every day Blood drawn from patients for 3 days and once a week was assayed for levels of BNP, interleukin 6, interleukin 8, and tumor necrosis factor-alfa. Results: During the study, 11 patients listed for cardiac transplantation as urgent status have deteriorated to refractory cardiogenic shock. Seven of these patients were submitted to DAV-InCor implantation for left ventricular assistance. The etiologic diagnosis was Chagas\' disease in 5 patients (71%) and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy in 2 (29%). There were 5 male and 2 female. The age ranged from 34 and 54 years (mean 39,5). Duration of left ventricular assistance ranged from 14 to 42 days (mean 26.2 days). During this period, the hemodynamic performance of the DAV-InCor was adequate to support a normal hemodynamic condition. There was normalization of cardiac index, central venous oxygen saturation and serum lactate. The systemic inflammatory response showed elevated TNF-alfa, Interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 concentrations. Two patients were submitted to heart transplantation, while the other 5 patients died under assistance due to infection and multiple organ failure. There were no complications related to the device in 6 patients. One patient had a stroke by the 26st day Conclusions: Mechanical circulatory support can be performed as bridge to heart transplantation with the DAV-InCor, in spite of the high incidence of complications.

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2015-09-29T12:57:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 475285 Texto Completo.pdf: 2201401 bytes, checksum: 17c76eaa304cc4d0792fee5adb40252c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-29T12:57:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 475285 Texto Completo.pdf: 2201401 bytes, checksum: 17c76eaa304cc4d0792fee5adb40252c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-13 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / This doctoral thesis aims to analyze from the State of Tocantins reality, as the Social Assistance Policy's, through the actions of Specialized Social Assistance Reference Centers (CREAS), has been setting for the promotion of the rights of children, adolescents and their families in situations of sexual violence. In this sense, the research sought mainly to contribute to the production of knowledge about sexual violence against children and adolescents in Tocantins, since there is no significant research and studies on this subject in the State. The specific objectives sought to identify characteristics of sexual violence; unravel how teams of CREAS has been acting in the interdisciplinary framework to guarantee the rights of children and adolescents and their families; analyze how the Social Assistance Policy's has sought to materialize the intersectoral approach to confronting sexual violence against children and adolescents and investigate how has been guaranteed the protection of rights and access to the medium complexity services to children, adolescents and families living in rural or to access difficult the municipalities. In view of the objectives proposed in this research, the kind of research used was the qualitative approach, in which they sought to apprehend these aspects of reality: the particularities of sexual violence, the perception of the subjects about the phenomenon, challenges and possibilities for realization of completeness of care for children and adolescents in situations of sexual violence.To collect data, there were 17 interviews with families, professionals and coordinators of CREAS beyond the desk review of 40 medical records of attendance of CREAS. To analyze the data collected in the survey, we opted for the content analysis technique and the systematization method of Practice. Data analysis allowed to grasp that construction of comprehensiveness of care to children, adolescents and families in situation of sexual violence requires a movement that promotes the break with revictimization of answers. The reports of the subjects reveal the presence of subscribers values in a culture based on socioeconomic inequality, ethnic-racial, gender and generation, thus asserting the presence of symmetry between unequal relations and reproduction of sexual violence. Thus, the analysis of the data confirms the thesis that the interdisciplinary and intersectoral approach are elements that support for the effectiveness of integrality of interventional processes to enable the CREAS and the protection network overcome fragmented actions, superficial and immediate. / A presente tese de doutorado tem como mote analisar a partir da realidade do Estado do Tocantins, como a Pol?tica de Assist?ncia Social, por meio das a??es dos Centros de Refer?ncia Especializado de Assist?ncia Social (CREAS), vem se configurando para a promo??o dos direitos das crian?as, adolescentes e suas fam?lias em situa??o de viol?ncia sexual. Nesse sentido, a pesquisa buscou primordialmente contribuir para a produ??o de conhecimentos acerca da viol?ncia sexual contra crian?as e adolescentes no Tocantins, uma vez que n?o h? pesquisas e estudos significativos sobre essa tem?tica no Estado. Os objetivos espec?ficos buscaram identificar as particularidades da viol?ncia sexual; desvendar como as equipes dos CREAS v?m atuando no ?mbito interdisciplinar para a garantia dos direitos das crian?as e adolescentes e suas fam?lias; analisar como a Pol?tica de Assist?ncia Social vem buscando materializar a intersetorialidade para o enfrentamento ? viol?ncia sexual contra crian?as e adolescentes e investigar de que forma vem sendo garantida a prote??o aos direitos e o acesso aos servi?os da m?dia complexidade ?s crian?as, adolescentes e fam?lias residentes nas ?reas rurais ou de dif?cil acesso dos munic?pios. Tendo em vista os objetivos propostos nesta investiga??o, o tipo de pesquisa utilizada foi a de enfoque qualitativo, em que se buscou apreender tais aspectos da realidade: as particularidades da viol?ncia sexual, a percep??o dos sujeitos acerca do fen?meno, os desafios e possibilidades para a efetiva??o da integralidade do atendimento ?s crian?as e adolescentes em situa??o de viol?ncia sexual.Para a coleta de dados, realizaram-se 17 entrevistas com fam?lias, profissionais e coordenadores/as do CREAS al?m da an?lise documental de 40 prontu?rios de atendimento dos CREAS. Para analisar os dados coletados na pesquisa, optou-se pela t?cnica de an?lise de conte?do e pelo m?todo de Sistematiza??o da Pr?tica. A an?lise dos dados permitiu apreender que a constru??o da integralidade do atendimento ?s crian?as, adolescentes e fam?lias em situa??o de viol?ncia sexual requer um movimento que promova o rompimento com respostas revitimizantes. Os relatos dos sujeitos revelam a presen?a de valores calcados em uma cultura baseada na desigualdade socioecon?mica, ?tnico-racial, de g?nero e gera??o, asseverando assim a presen?a da simetria entre rela??es desiguais e reprodu??o da viol?ncia sexual. Desse modo, a an?lise dos dados confirma a tese de que a interdisciplinaridade e intersetorialidade s?o elementos que corroboram para a efetiva??o de processos interventivos integralizados ao possibilitar ao CREAS e a rede de prote??o superar a??es fragmentadas, superficiais e imediatistas.

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2015-12-17T16:50:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 476746 - Texto Completo.pdf: 1304742 bytes, checksum: b9feff3afff4fc308129cace3631609d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-17T16:50:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 476746 - Texto Completo.pdf: 1304742 bytes, checksum: b9feff3afff4fc308129cace3631609d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-14 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Esta tesis se sit?a en la l?nea de investigaci?n en Trabajo Social y Pol?tica Social y tiene el aspecto objetivo general la forma en que el Programa Nacional para el Acceso a la Educaci?n T?cnica y Empleo (Pronatec) se constituye como estrategia de inclusi?n productiva de Brasil sin plan de la Pobreza, para contribuir al debate sobre la masa de cualificaci?n profesional para luchar contra la pobreza extrema. As?, hemos elaborado el siguiente problema de investigaci?n: c?mo estructurar incluyendo la producci?n del Programa Pronatec Brasil sin pobreza? Basado en el m?todo materialista hist?rico y dial?ctico este trabajo mediante la investigaci?n documental como t?cnica de investigaci?n. La recolecci?n de datos se refiere a documentos oficiales, los textos publicados por instituciones del gobierno federal, entrevistas de representantes del gobierno federal, la orientaci?n t?cnica de los documentos del gobierno federal y los textos que contienen an?lisis de la educaci?n y la capacitaci?n profesional. Estas fuentes fueron consultadas desde sitios de Internet. El estudio muestra que la Pronatec es nombrado como una iniciativa positiva para aumentar la formaci?n y cualificaci?n de la fuerza de trabajo en el pa?s. Sin embargo, la estrategia adoptada en Pronatec ha sido cuestionado con respecto a los cursos de Formaci?n Continua inicial, cuya oferta se concentra sobre todo en el sistema S y la red privada, con fondos del fondo p?blico. Por lo tanto, el aumento de la matr?cula de la cualificaci?n profesional de Pronatec se ha basado en la formaci?n superficial para la colocaci?n en el mercado laboral y la privatizaci?n y la mercantilizaci?n de la educaci?n. Por otro lado, esta estrategia ha permitido que el gobierno federal tiene la infraestructura humana y material de fundamental para ampliar las acciones del programa. La encuesta mostr? un progreso en relaci?n con el Pronatec Planseq / Bolsa Familia. Aunque estas dos estrategias del gobierno federal para la inclusi?n productiva de los beneficiarios de los programas de transferencia de ingresos, se observ? que en Pronatec los criterios adoptados para la inscripci?n en los cursos de formaci?n profesional son menos exclusiva que en Planseq / Bolsa Familia. El hecho es que en Pronatec no hay ning?n requisito de escolaridad y no limitar el n?mero de participantes por familia. Por lo tanto, el progreso en la adopci?n de la inscripci?n en Cad?nico como el principal criterio para la inclusi?n de la poblaci?n en los cursos de formaci?n profesional. Con esto, el gobierno de Dilma result? estructurar el Pronatec como una estrategia unificada, que se ha convertido cada vez m?s en una referencia para las ciudades brasile?as. La encuesta tambi?n muestra que el gobierno federal est? apostando a Pronatec como el Brasil sin estrategia Plan de pobreza para hacer frente a la pobreza extrema, pero no espera que la cualificaci?n profesional es inmediatamente o de forma milagrosa a "puerta de salida" de la transferencia de dinero en efectivo, con el entendimiento de que no todas las familias dejar?n el Programa Bolsa Familia. Sin embargo, la masificaci?n de la cualificaci?n profesional a trav?s de Pronatec, ha estado marcada por las ideolog?as empleabilidad y el esp?ritu empresarial, totalmente apropiada para el modo de ser de la acumulaci?n flexible. Por lo tanto, estimula a las habilidades de capacitaci?n y de emergencia individuales, centr?ndose en la responsabilidad de los trabajadores para asegurar su lugar en el mercado de trabajo a costa de una mayor atenci?n a la formaci?n b?sica. / A presente tese situa-se na linha de pesquisa Servi?o Social e Pol?ticas Sociais e tem como objetivo geral, analisar como o Programa Nacional de Acesso ao Ensino T?cnico e Emprego (Pronatec) se constitui como estrat?gia de inclus?o produtiva do Plano Brasil Sem Mis?ria, a fim de contribuir para o debate sobre a massifica??o da qualifica??o profissional no enfrentamento ? extrema pobreza. Assim, elaborou-se o seguinte problema de pesquisa: como se estrutura a inclus?o produtiva a partir do Programa Pronatec Brasil Sem Mis?ria? Fundamentado no m?todo materialista, hist?rico e dial?tico o presente estudo utiliza a pesquisa documental como t?cnica de pesquisa. A coleta de dados abrange documentos oficiais, textos publicados por institui??es do governo federal, entrevistas de representantes do governo federal, documentos de orienta??es t?cnicas do governo federal e textos contendo an?lises sobre a educa??o profissional e a qualifica??o profissional. Tais fontes foram consultadas a partir de sites da internet. O estudo mostra que o Pronatec ? apontado como uma iniciativa positiva para aumentar a forma??o e a qualifica??o da for?a de trabalho no pa?s. No entanto, a estrat?gia adotada no Pronatec tem sido questionada no que tange aos cursos de Forma??o Inicial Continuada (FIC), cuja oferta est? concentrada especialmente no Sistema S e na rede privada, com recursos oriundos do fundo p?blico. Desta forma, o aumento no n?mero de matr?culas da qualifica??o profissional do Pronatec tem sido baseado na forma??o aligeirada para a coloca??o no mercado de trabalho, assim como na privatiza??o e mercantiliza??o da educa??o. Por outro lado, essa estrat?gia tem possibilitado ao governo federal dispor da infraestrutura humana e material fundamental para ampliar as a??es do programa. A pesquisa apontou avan?os do Pronatec em rela??o ao Planseq/Bolsa Fam?lia. Embora sejam duas estrat?gias do governo federal para a inclus?o produtiva de benefici?rios dos programas de transfer?ncia de renda, observou-se que no Pronatec os crit?rios adotados para a matr?cula nos cursos de qualifica??o profissional s?o menos excludentes do que no Planseq/Bolsa Fam?lia. O fato ? que no Pronatec n?o h? exig?ncia de escolaridade e nem limita??o do n?mero de participantes por fam?lia. Da? o avan?o em se adotar a inscri??o no Cad?nico como principal crit?rio para a inser??o da popula??o nos cursos de qualifica??o profissional. Com isso o governo Dilma acabou por estruturar o Pronatec como uma estrat?gia unificada, que cada vez mais tem se tornado refer?ncia para os munic?pios brasileiros. A pesquisa tamb?m mostra que o governo federal aposta no Pronatec como estrat?gia do Plano Brasil Sem Mis?ria para enfrentar a extrema pobreza, mas n?o espera que a qualifica??o profissional seja de imediato ou de forma milagrosa a ?porta de sa?da? da transfer?ncia de renda, com o entendimento de que nem todas as fam?lias sair?o do Programa Bolsa Fam?lia. N?o obstante, a massifica??o da qualifica??o profissional via Pronatec, tem sido marcada pelas ideologias da empregabilidade e do empreendedorismo, plenamente adequadas ao modo de ser da acumula??o flex?vel. Desse modo, estimula-se a capacita??o individual e a qualifica??o emergencial, com foco na responsabilidade do trabalhador em assegurar seu espa?o no mercado de trabalho em detrimento de uma aten??o maior ? forma??o b?sica.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:20:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 454827.pdf: 4764883 bytes, checksum: 51b01f2d6323ea03c89af4630a8da25e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-01-09 / This paper presents a study on the process of resettlement of communities and intersectionality of social policies, emphasizing the access of the individuals involved to basic rights. The paper is based on the experience of the community of Vila Dique ( Dam Village ), in the city of Porto Alegre, Brazil. The area is located in the proximity of the Salgado Filho International Airport, a scenario challenged by numerous expressions of social issues. The process of resettlement of the residents of the area has been occurring since 2009 under the justification of illegal occupation, along with the need to expand the airport track. The procedure has been under discussion since the formation of the community but the definition of the city of Porto Alegre as one of the venues of the Fifa World Cup in 2014 materialized the removal of the families. The study is funded in critical-dialectical method of Marx's inspiration and it is a qualitative study in which we use techniques focus group with residents of that community who are already resettled in new territory - Porto Novo - and locals still living Dike in the Village; interview with social workers entered the main social policies involved with the process, and document analysis. The historical process of the formation of Brazilian cities is characterized by industrialization and urbanization started in the twentieth century, with a strong process of rural exodus, where the working class was being allocated to the banks of the great urban centers. Through articulation and organization of communities is that social rights, materialized through social policies, in contradictory fashion, also characterized as the state and owns the means of production to the pressures of the working class responses were conquered. Over the years, the people who inhabit regions of economic interest and speculation are threatened to leave their territories at the expense of expansion of capitalism and mega events, along with the works of "urban development", materialize this expansion. This model of capitalist development receives incentives from the state and causes a severe violation of rights, which is the case in our study. Since the beginning of the resettlement community suffered various pressures from the government, getting a project without effective possibilities to be collectively constructed according to the interests of the community. The progress of works made in case residents do not have access to social facilities conquered by the community (health centers, schools, mothers club, storage houses, etc.). Intersectoral action between social policies were incipient to account to ensure community access to social rights in full. Also reflect on the contributions of social work in this process , subsidized by its Ethical - Political Project , where we emphasize the importance of the promotion of intersectoral action, the socialization of information , the collective dimension of the profession that gives the joint and community organizing, integrating possible alternatives to the study. / Este trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre os processos de reassentamento de comunidades e a intersetorialidade das pol?ticas sociais, evidenciando a rela??o com o acesso aos direitos dos sujeitos envolvidos, tomando como experi?ncia o caso da comunidade da Vila Dique em Porto Alegre/RS. O processo de reassentamento dos moradores deste territ?rio, localizado ?s margens do Aeroporto Internacional Salgado Filho, em um cen?rio de realidade desafiado por in?meras express?es da quest?o social, vem ocorrendo desde o ano de 2009 a partir de justificativas de ocupa??o em ?rea irregular, associado ? necessidade de amplia??o da pista do aeroporto. A tramita??o vem sendo debatida desde a forma??o desta comunidade, mas a defini??o de que a cidade de Porto Alegre ser? uma das sedes da Copa do Mundo de Futebol no ano de 2014 fez com que se concretizasse a retirada das fam?lias. O estudo est? subsidiado no m?todo dial?tico-cr?tico de inspira??o marxiana e trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, na qual utilizamos t?cnicas de grupo focal com moradores da referida comunidade que j? est?o reassentados em novo territ?rio Porto Novo - e com moradores que ainda vivem na Vila Dique; entrevista com assistentes sociais inseridas nas principais pol?ticas sociais envolvidas com o processo; e an?lise documental. O processo hist?rico da forma??o das cidades brasileiras caracteriza-se pela industrializa??o e urbaniza??o iniciadas no s?culo XX, com um forte processo de ?xodo rural, onde a classe trabalhadora foi sendo alocada ?s margens dos grandes centros urbanos. Atrav?s da articula??o e da organiza??o das comunidades ? que foram conquistados os direitos sociais, materializados por meio das pol?ticas sociais, que de forma contradit?ria, tamb?m se caracterizam como respostas do Estado e da classe detentora dos meios de produ??o ?s press?es da classe trabalhadora. Ao longo dos anos, as pessoas que habitam regi?es de interesse econ?mico e de especula??o imobili?ria s?o amea?adas a deixarem seus territ?rios em detrimento da expans?o do capitalismo, e os megaeventos, juntamente com as obras de desenvolvimento urbano, materializam essa expans?o. Esse modelo de desenvolvimento do capitalismo recebe incentivos do Estado e provoca um grave quadro de viola??o de direitos, que ? o caso de nosso estudo. Desde o in?cio do reassentamento a comunidade sofreu diversas press?es do poder p?blico, recebendo um projeto sem efetivas possibilidades de ser constru?do coletivamente, de acordo com os interesses da comunidade. O andamento das obras fez com que no processo os moradores n?o tivessem acesso aos equipamentos sociais conquistados pela pr?pria comunidade (posto de sa?de, escolas, clube de m?es, galp?o de reciclagem, etc.). As a??es intersetoriais entre as pol?ticas sociais foram incipientes para dar conta de garantir o acesso da comunidade aos direitos sociais de forma integral. Refletimos tamb?m sobre as contribui??es do Servi?o Social nesse processo, subsidiadas pelo seu Projeto ?tico-Pol?tico, onde destacamos a import?ncia do fomento das a??es intersetoriais, a socializa??o das informa??es, a dimens?o coletiva da profiss?o no que confere ? articula??o e organiza??o da comunidade, integrando poss?veis alternativas ao estudo em quest?o.