Methods of component mode synthesis, such as Craig and Bampton reduction, are known to generally yield more accurate results in deformable multibody dynamics. The main shortcoming of those methods is that they are intuitively based. Recently Nikravesh developed a reduction method called mode condensation which is derived from the equations of motion and yields the same results as Craig and Bampton reduction. In this dissertation, it is proven that these two methods span the same column space; therefore, they should yield identical results. We propose that mode condensation provides an analytical justification for Craig and Bampton reduction. Test results suggest that Craig and Bampton reduction and mode condensation are appropriate for a broader range of applications because their column space matches up well with the conditions under which the deformable body is restrained. Although Guyan reduction preserves exact solutions for static problems, its applications shall be limited to low frequency excitation because of raised eigen-frequencies. Modal truncation is not recommended for use in multibody dynamic settings because it lacks the ability to receive forces and displacements at the moving boundary. Another issue addressed in this dissertation is the misconception that if mean axes are adopted as the moving reference frame, only free-free modes should be used for model reduction. It was not clear how a restrained deformable body with mean axes can be condensed properly. We have shown that the conventional (nodal-fixed) mode shapes can be used with mean axes as long as the transformation matrix has full rank and contains complete rigid-body mode shapes.

Dans un environnement très versatile, les entreprises manufacturières doivent maîtriser de mieux en mieux leurs systèmes de production. Si beaucoup de travaux se sont intéressés au pilotage de l'entreprise, peu d'entre eux proposent une aide au choix du projet de changement à conduire. En effet, Qu'est ce qui motive le changement ? A quel niveau doit-t-il avoir lieu ? Comment changer ? Sur quoi agir pour changer ? Que faire pour changer ? Pour répondre à ces questions, nous proposons une démarche de construction de trajectoires d'évolution qui intègre respectivement la modélisation de l'entreprise, la construction d'un système d'indicateurs de performance, l'analyse des méthodes de changement, la construction et l'évaluation des trajectoires d'évolution. La cohérence de ces différentes étapes repose sur une analyse approfondie de l'entreprise via une modélisation systémique adaptée à la conduite du changement. L'évaluation de l'état initial et la projection de l'état cible de l'entreprise est réalisée au travers d'un système multi axes et multi critères d'indicateurs de performance. A la différence des propositions antérieures qui ne justifient pas les choix des projets de changement à conduire, nous tentons d'argumenter le choix des actions à mettre en oeuvre pour changer. Pour cela, nous conceptualisons les méthodes de changement afin de déterminer leurs conditions d'éligibilité, d'analyser leur cycle de vie, leurs phases de mise en oeuvre et d'évaluer leurs impacts sur les processus de l'entreprise. Les trajectoires d'évolution sont construites en enchaînant ces méthodes, par séquentialité et par parallélisme, pour amener l'entreprise de son état courant jugé inadapté vers l'état cible du changement. L'évaluation argumentée de ces trajectoires donnera aux utilisateurs des critères pour choisir le projet de changement à mettre en oeuvre. Les idées avancées dans ce travail de recherche ont été implémentées dans un outil logiciel de Génération des Trajectoires d'Evolution. Enfin, la démarche a été mise en oeuvre sur un exemple didactique d'entreprise manufacturière.

Thesis--Frankfurt am Main. / A part of the author's larger work with title Äxte und Beile in Österreich, which will be published in its entirety as Abt. IX, 9 of Prähistorische Bronzefunde. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-09-01Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:51:50Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 oliveira_ca_me_prud.pdf: 8318365 bytes, checksum: 28f0524189efc051f67375be987791aa (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Na segunda metade do século XX ocorreram transformações na organização produtiva e nas diferenciações espaciais. Os processos da reestruturação produtiva, a desconcentração industrial de São Paulo, as melhorias das infra-estruturas de transportes e de comunicações no interior favoreceram a formação de eixos de desenvolvimento econômico. Nos eixos há significativa atividade industrial, comercial e de serviços, principalmente nos municípios de porte médio. Assim, é possível compreender que há, com a relação desses processos, o aprofundamento das desigualdades espaciais e territoriais que são, de certa forma, fomentadas pelo poder público, uma vez que com a globalização econômica e as idéias neoliberais o Estado se torna submisso aos interesses dos agentes produtivos que atuam ou pretendem atuar no território. Como resultado dessas relações econômicas e políticas, o Estado busca sempre adequar o território e os sistemas de normas para o pleno funcionamento das atividades produtivas em detrimento dos interesses da população menos favorecida economicamente. Em suma, num sistema econômico-produtivo em que o Estado depende de recursos cuja fonte principal são impostos e outras receitas oriundas das atividades produtivas, principalmente das grandes corporações nacionais e multinacionais (que com a abertura econômica ocorrida na década de 1990 aumentaram sua participação na economia brasileira) o Estado tem diminuída sua autonomia de decisão / In the second half of the twentieth century changes occurred in the productive organization and in the spatial differentiations. The processes of productive restructuring, the industrial deconcentration of São Paulo and the improvement of the transports and communications infrastructures in the country favored the formation of economic development axes. Along the axes there are significant industrial, commercial and service activities, particularly in midsize cities. So one can understand that there exists, due to the relationship between these processes, the deepening of spatial and territorial inequalities, which are, somewhat, fomented by the government, since with economic globalization and neoliberal ideas the state is subordinated to the interests of productive agents working or intending to work in the territory. As a result of these economic and political relations the state always seeks to adapt the territory and the norms systems for the fully functioning of productive activities against the interests of the economically underprivileged population. Briefly, an economic-productive system in which the State relies on resources whose main source are taxes and other revenues from the production activities of large multinational corporations which with the economic liberalization occurred in the 1990s increased their participation in the Brazilian economy, the State loses its support mechanisms

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Esta pesquisa busca trazer um questionamento sobre a tentativa de diferentes setores da sociedade de tomar para si os cuidados da criança desautorizando as condições do núcleo social inicial, a família, de cuidar dos filhos. Para tanto, a questão de pesquisa que nos dá a direção é: Em que medida textos veiculados pela mídia sobre o TDAH (Transtorno do Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade), mais do que descrever um problema de saúde, delineiam produtos, oferecidos ao público apoiados em diferentes eixos argumentativos? Pretendemos tomar os enunciados básicos sobre o transtorno como objeto de estudos e, assim, os argumentos dos posicionamentos como corpus. Como pesquisa inicial, buscamos o que é oferecido como informação relativa ao transtorno nas publicações entre os anos 2000 e 2012 no banco de dados eletrônico da Editora Abril. Dentre as matérias que apareceram, selecionamos 15 para uma análise detalhada. Tais publicações apresentam características discursivas marcadas por elementos que contribuem para configurar posicionamentos em relação ao transtorno: defender a existência da doença, questionar a existência do transtorno como doença, propulsionar os perigos relativos à utilização do medicamento e caracterizar a sociedade atual para delinear uma forma de tratamento do Déficit de atenção. Após a análise pudemos compreender quais são os eixos argumentativos em torno do TDAH e os recursos utilizados pelos posicionamentos para argumentar a favor de seu ponto de vista. / This research seeks to bring a questioning about an attempt of different sectors of the society take to herself the care of the child, disallowing the initial core conditions, the family, of take care of the children. For this, the research question that gives us the direction is: To what extent the texts of the media about ADDH (Attention Deficit Disorder with Hiperactivity), more than describing a health problem, delineate products offered to the public supported by different argumentation axes? We intend to take basic statements about the disorder as an object of study, and thus the arguments of the positionings as corpus. As initial research, we seek what is offered as information about the disorder in publications between 2000 and 2012 in the Editora Abril electronic database. Among the texts that have appeared, we selected 15 for detailed analysis. These publications present discursive features marked by elements that contribute to configure positions in relation to the disorder: the defense of the disease existence, put in question the disorder existence as a disease, the power of the dangers relating to the use of the drug and characterize the current society to devise a way to treatment of attention Deficit. After the analysis we could understand what are the argumentative axes around ADDH and the resources used by each position to argue for their point of view.

What should I do? Reconversion INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX IN BRNO - Defense CENTRE FOR SCHOOLS OF ARCHITECTURE URBAN ISLAND identity, vymezenost, unique structure in place industrial park in the middle of smaller buildings housing crystallization point ARCHITECTURE: a historical legacy of industrial architecture of that period monolithic skeletons, ribbed ceilings, unique spaces Nature: River Svitavy and arm drive, split up and meet again western tip of the island - the natural growth of vegetation eastern corner of a meadow - a public residence lawn with many trees that support the visible axis of the weir from the bridge and a viaduct over the river The visual axis: the use and support (see A3 prints essay on the place, the situation visible axes) ABET visitors to the island schools and public holiday from cycling ... CONCEPT: Island of naturally defined as the area of ??the school of architecture, both publicly accessible area eastern tip of the island as a meeting place - students, residents Obrany, vacationers place to stay - Tourist lawn use of existing houses materials and visual axes to the creation of outdoor space adjustment of existing homes from the time of the recent sediments use of concrete monoliths of freedom space

Solved area is located in the center of Vyškov and is directly connected to the square. It forms one end of the chip Square. The proposal was to create a dominant object, which will close the square and end with the visual axis, which in recent years is not very flattering. The building would be dominant, but only so that did not compete with dominant main square, with the town hall. At the same time the goal was to design a functional building, which, thanks to the cartridge housing, shops and bring more people into the center and revive him.

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Pendant plusieurs décennies, les théories économiques néolibérales ont essayé de valider le principe d’un marché global en argumentant que toute activité humaine peut être mieux réalisée au sein du libre marché. Cependant, les différentes crises économiques ont montré que les inégalités se sont accentuées et qu'il n'y a pas assez d'emplois pour tout le monde. La question sociale a principalement porté sur la relation entre le revenu et le travail comme moyen de redistribuer la richesse.Un autre "monde" n'est pas seulement souhaitable mais nécessaire. Dans ce contexte, l'économie sociale et solidaire (ESS), est présentée comme un « modèle alternatif » qui fait face au néo-libéralisme. Ce modèle implique une certaine ambivalence, d’une part, le souhait de mettre au centre des préoccupations le bien-être des personnes et non pas le capital, ce qui signifie qu'il faut trouver une logique de travail différent qui soit en mesure de résister à la pression du capitalisme; et d'autre part, être un palliatif qui contribue à résoudre, à court terme, les problèmes auxquels fait face le système en réinsérant, de diverses manières, encore et encore, les personnes qui ont été exclues du marché du travail, en se basant sur l'acceptation de la relation salariale comme accès aux droits fondamentaux.Face à cela, il y a donc lieu de se demander : quelle est la contribution de l'économie sociale et solidaire à la construction d’alternatives en relation à la question du travail ? Sur la base de cette question et à partir d'une étude des concepts et de l'histoire de l’ESS, cette recherche propose, dans un premier temps, neuf principes qui permettront de différencier l'ESS de l'économie capitaliste. Par la suite, l’étude établi cinq axes d’action liées au travail: la finance solidaire; l’accompagnement et la formation socioprofessionnelle; les mécanismes et réseaux de coopération pour la promotion du travail; le développement local et territorial; et la promotion, la sensibilisation et l'intervention en faveur du travail et de l'emploi.Grâce à une analyse comparative entre le Mexique et la France, l’étude distingue les pratiques spécifiques de l’ESS, avec des études de cas, et les axes d'action déterminés résultant de l'utilisation d'instruments quantitatifs et qualitatives. Ainsi elle cherche à montrer les convergences et les divergences afin d’ouvrir le débat et montrer les défis dans la matière. / For several decades, neo-liberal economic theories have attempted to validate the “all market” principle, arguing that human activities can best realized under a free market system. However, the numerous economic crises have further exacerbated inequalities and have highlighted the lack of employment opportunities for all. In response to this problem, the social question has focused mainly on the relationship between income and work as a form of redistribution of wealth.Therefore, another “world” is not only desirable but necessary. Under this context, the social and solidarity-based economy (SSE) is presented as an "alternative model” to neo-liberalism. This model implies a certain ambivalence, on the one hand, is the desire to place people’s welfare at the centre of the concern and not capital, which leads to the search for a different approach capable of resisting the pressure of capitalism. On the other hand, is to be a palliative that contributes to solve, in the short term, the problems that the system faces by continuously reintegrating by various means, , individuals who have been excluded from the labour market, beginning with the acceptance of the fact that wage relations enable access to fundamental rights.In the face of this, it is worth asking: what is the contribution of the social and solidarity economy to the construction of alternative solutions to the issue of work? Based on this question and by exploring the concepts and history of the SSE, this research first presents nine principles to differentiate SSE from capitalist economy. Subsequently, the study establishes five axes of action related to work: solidarity finance; guidance and professional training; cooperation mechanisms and networks for the promotion of work; local and territorial development; and promotion, awareness-raising and intervention in favour of work and employment.Through a comparative analysis between Mexico and France, the research breaks down the specific practices of the ESS, including case studies, and the principles and axes of action determined by the use of quantitative and qualitative instruments. As a result, it seeks to bring out the convergences and divergences, and open room for further debate and to identify new challenges posed by the matter. / Durante varias décadas, las teorías económicas neoliberales han intentado validar el principio de mercado total, sosteniendo que las actividades humanas pueden realizarse mejor en mercados libres. Sin embargo, las diversas crisis han profundizado las desigualdades y han puesto de manifiesto la insuficiencia de empleo para todos. La cuestión social se ha enfocado principalmente alrededor de la relación ingreso y trabajo como forma de redistribución de la riqueza.Otro mundo no sólo es deseable sino necesario; en este contexto, la economía social y solidaria (ESS), es presentada como “un modelo” alternativo al neoliberalismo, la cual conlleva una ambivalencia, por un lado, el anhelo de poner en el centro de su preocupación el bienestar de las personas, y no el capital, lo que implica la búsqueda de una lógica de trabajo distinta capaz de resistir a la presión del capitalismo; y por otro lado, ser un paliativo que contribuye a resolver, a corto plazo, los problemas que enfrenta el sistema, reinsertando por diversas vías, una y otra vez, a los individuos que han sido excluidos del mercado laboral, partiendo de la aceptación de la relación salarial como acceso a derechos fundamentales. Frente a ello, vale la pena preguntarse: ¿cuál es la aportación de la economía social y solidaria a la construcción de alternativas frente la cuestión del trabajo? Con base en esta pregunta y partiendo de un estudio sobre los conceptos e historia de la ESS, primeramente, esta investigación plantea nueve principios para diferenciar a la ESS de la economía capitalista. Posteriormente, se establecen cinco ejes de acción relacionados al trabajo: finanzas solidarias; acompañamiento y formación socio-profesional; mecanismos y redes de cooperación para el impulso al trabajo; desarrollo local y territorial; y promoción, sensibilización e intervención en favor del trabajo y del empleo. A través de una comparación entre México y Francia, se disgrega dentro del complejo quehacer de la ESS, las prácticas específicas de dicha temática, entretejiendo los casos de estudio, con los principios y ejes de acción determinados, producto de la utilización de instrumentos cuantitativos y cualitativos, para poner en evidencia sus convergencias y divergencias, que abren una ventana de debate y desafíos en la materia.