The study presented in this thesis discusses the topic of ASRs through the use of a specific case study constructed at Boscombe, UK. With the main aim to provide an impartial and independent study into the environmental, social and economic impacts of an ASR. The research presented is therefore multidisciplinary in nature, the separate components utilise key techniques from the geophysical, numerical modelling and socio-economic disciplines are combined to present a significant contribution to the knowledge and understanding of ASRs. Whilst previous studies have focused on one of these disciplines, there are no independent detailed studies of a constructed ASR utilising an multidisciplinary approach. The ASR concept and structures are still in their development infancy, the subject has received cursory independent review in the literature. There have been few successful projects, those that have survived structurally in the ocean are not being used primarily for surfing. The Boscombe ASR is an example of high overspend, poor management and construction, loss of geotextile SFC and users deem the project a failure. The consequences of not correctly planning, managing and overseeing the construction has resulted in a poorly viewed project of limited success. All stages of this project could have benefited from thoughtful planning, thereby avoiding this outcome. If lessons are to be learnt from this project then the planning and management are key areas of the process that need addressing. Ensuring that any future ASR projects are securely integrated with the coastal zone management plan will provide sustainability and success. The DPSIR framework approach can be used to highlight and address the causes of problems in the project. This framework enables the various disciplines to be discussed in relation to each other; links can be identified between the environmental, social and economic impacts of the ASR construction. Strict protocols will increase the success of any ASR project. The final crest height of the Boscombe ASR was 0.5 m higher than the final design height, this is a fundamental design flaw that should not be occurring in modern coastal engineering practice. It is suggested that guidelines are written based on this research for the design and construction process of an ASR. The recommendations and guidelines for ASR monitoring are provided by this research. The emphasis for future projects should lie in the final design and in monitoring, baseline field data should be collected to understand the environmental state change and socio-economic impacts. Planning and government proposals should be accompanied by extensive stakeholder engagement ensuring transparency for the project and ownership within the coastal community. The exclusion of stakeholders at key decision points created distrust and misunderstanding towards the Boscombe ASR project. Avoiding unrealistic expectations within the surfing community and wider coastal community was discussed throughout this research, and by others in the literature. This research agrees with these statements, the issue of poor surfability would be improved by a greater area to manipulate the bathymetry. However this would come at a greatly increased cost in geotextile SFCs, which the current construction method is certainly not capable of delivering successfully. It would be recommended in this case that an alternative construction material was used that is resilient to the marine environment and readily adaptable given poor performance. Further testing of materials, both geotextile SFCs and alternatives, are required for the successful advancement of ASR technology.

This theory has as central objective to analyze the relationship of the phenomenon of the sun and beach tourism in the South Coast of Sergipe and the subject of research (usual tourist, second residence s tourism and local population), it constitutes an analysis of the spacetemporary diffusion of the sun and beach tourism and the manifestation of the second residence in the South Coast of Sergipe under the perspective of the models SISTUR of Beni (1988) and TALC of Butler (1980). The study had as conductive thread the relationship geography and tourism with emphasis in the debate of the categories of the science geographical territory, landscape and place. The research had as base the deductive method orientated by a systemic vision and the investigation process adopted the methodological procedures of rising bibliographical, documental, cartographic and statistical; elaboration of the study itinerary; field research; analysis and interpretation of the results. The research instruments used in field were questionnaires with open and closed subjects quantified by the scale of Likert in order to measure the degree of agreement/disagreement of the subject of research. The research elucidates the appearance of the sun and beach tourism in the occident from his invention to his structuring in Brazil and in the Northeast emphasizing scientific studies about the environment and the tourism, besides presenting the territorial and tourist scenery of the South Coast of Sergipe, approaching the historical process of occupation, the territorial system and the dynamics demographic, environmental and socioeconomic. The analysis of the instruments of territorial planning i) Coastal Management Program (GERCO); ii) Program of Development of the Tourism in the Northeast (PRODETUR); iii) Project ORLA and their Plans of Municipal Intervention; iv) Area of Environmental Protection (APA) South Coast; v) Economical-Ecological Zoning (ZEE); and vi) Master plans identified the main impacts of these in the tourist activity of the destiny. The results of SISTUR demonstrated that the basic and tourist infrastructures of the South Coast of Sergipe are not still enough to attract a maintainable flow of sun and beach tourist, and the application of TALC verified that the current apprenticeship of the sun tourism and beach is in the beginning of the apprenticeship of the development in the South Coast of Sergipe, characterized by the prevalence of the tourism of second residence. The territorial and tourist model of the South Coast of Sergipe is marked by the territorialized dynamics of the second residence s tourism that added to the investments avidness mainly of PRODETUR I and II they stimulated the growth and the consolidation of the production of this modality of tourism in the area. This way, it is ended that the partner-space practices of the leisure and second residence s tourism they accelerated the process of transformation of the landscape and they will establish the production of new tourist territories in the South Coast of Sergipe. Consequently, this study moves forward in the understanding of the models space - storms and of the politics returned to the valorization of the areas of beaches. / Esta tese tem como objetivo central analisar a relação do fenômeno do turismo de sol e praia no Litoral Sul de Sergipe e os sujeitos de pesquisa (turista usual, turista de segunda residência e população local), constitui uma análise da difusão espaço-temporal do turismo de sol e praia e da manifestação da segunda residência no Litoral Sul de Sergipe sob a perspectiva dos modelos SISTUR de Beni (1988) e do TALC de Butler (1980). O estudo teve como fio condutor a relação geografia e turismo com ênfase no debate das categorias da ciência geográfica território, paisagem e lugar. A pesquisa teve como base o método dedutivo norteado por uma visão sistêmica e o processo de investigação adotou os procedimentos metodológicos de levantamento bibliográfico, documental, cartográfico e estatístico; elaboração do roteiro de estudo; pesquisa de campo; análise e interpretação dos resultados. Os instrumentos de pesquisa utilizados em campo foram questionários com questões abertas e fechadas quantificadas pela escala de Likert a fim de mensurar o grau de concordância/discordância dos sujeitos de pesquisa. A pesquisa elucida o surgimento do turismo de sol e praia no ocidente desde a sua invenção até a sua estruturação no Brasil e no Nordeste enfatizando estudos científicos sobre o meio ambiente e o turismo, além de apresentar o cenário territorial e turístico do Litoral Sul de Sergipe, abordando o seu processo histórico de ocupação, seu sistema territorial e sua dinâmica demográfica, ambiental e socioeconômica. A análise dos instrumentos de ordenamento territorial i) Programa Nacional de Gerenciamento Costeiro (GERCO); ii) Programa de Desenvolvimento do Turismo no Nordeste (PRODETUR); iii) Projeto ORLA e seus Planos de Intervenção Municipal; iv) Área de Proteção Ambiental (APA) Litoral Sul; v) Zoneamento Econômico-Ecológico (ZEE); e vi) Planos Diretores identificou os principais impactos destes na atividade turística do destino. Os resultados do SISTUR demonstraram que as infra-estruturas básicas e turísticas do Litoral Sul de Sergipe ainda não são suficientes para atrair um fluxo sustentável de turistas de sol e praia, e a aplicação do TALC verificou que o estágio atual do turismo de sol e praia encontra-se no início do estágio do desenvolvimento no Litoral Sul de Sergipe, caracterizado pelo predomínio do turismo de segunda residência. O modelo territorial e turístico do Litoral Sul de Sergipe é marcado pela dinâmica territorializadora do turismo de segunda residência que somada aos investimentos advindos principalmente do PRODETUR I e II estimularam o crescimento e a consolidação da produção desta modalidade de turismo na região. Desta forma, conclui-se que as práticas sócio-espaciais do lazer e do turismo de segunda residência aceleraram o processo de transformação da paisagem e estabelecerão a produção de novos territórios turísticos no Litoral Sul de Sergipe. Por conseguinte, este estudo avança na compreensão dos modelos espaço - temporais e das políticas voltadas à valorização das zonas de praias.

The Texas Open Beaches Act states that the public beach extends from the water up to the line of vegetation. Once a privately-owned property is submerged, it transfers into state ownership. Because of severe erosion and the shifting nature of vegetation, the Village of Surfside has lost several rows of houses and streets and, currently, over thirty houses are located on the public beach obstructing public access in violation of the Texas Open Beaches Act. The extreme erosion in this small village on the Texas Gulf Coast puts homeowners, property owners, legislators, and beachgoers in difficult positions and many are at odds with one another. The documentary film is structured around rental property owner Russell Clinton, environmentalists Ellis Pickett and Jeff Hooton, and former State Senator A.R. "Babe" Schwartz.

The diploma thesis solves the new building of the medical facility. The building will serve as a home for people with Alzheimer's disease and other types of dementia. The facility will be equipped and equipped to provide modern nursing care that focuses on Alzheimer's clients in all stages of the disease and other types of dementia. If necessary, a nursing doctor with a nurse will be present in the facility. The nursing doctor has a separate medical office in 1st floor. In addition, a phototherapeutic beach in the 1st floor, which has a favorable influence on human psyche and helps in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, will also serve to the clients. Furthermore, it will be possible for the clients of this facility to use the accompanying services of commuter hairdressers and pedicurists / manicurists who will use the multipurpose room (canteen) in their 2nd floor for their work. The kitchen has been designed to prepare and dispatch imported food.

Världsbefolkningens tillväxt sätter stort tryck på livsmedelsproduktionen. För att bemöta den ökande efterfrågan på mat förbrukas stora mängder handelsgödsel i syftet att stimulera tillväxten hos grödor och öka jordbruksmarkens bördighet. Överkonsumtion av gödsel inom jordbruket har bidragit till växtnäringsläckage och eutrofieringen av Östersjön. En konsekvens av övergödning är ökad tillväxt av sjögräs och tång. Särskilt stora mängder av ilandflutet sjögräs och tång (även kallat släke) ansamlas på Gotlands stränder. Dessa makroalger är rika på mineraler och näringsämnen, som dessutom är viktiga för växternas ämnesomsättning och tillväxt. Genom att samla in och använda släke som gödsel kan näringen som algerna tagit upp återföras till marken och därmed återvinnas. För att öka intresset för släke som biogödsel är det därför viktigt att alternativet är ekonomiskt lönsamt och konkurrenskraftigt på gödselmarknaden.  Denna studie syftar till att undersöka vilka förutsättningar biogödningsmedel från släke har att bli ett ekonomiskt hållbart alternativ till handelsgödsel. Med en litteraturstudie som utgångspunkt är målet att skapa en modell för att jämföra priset på släkegödsel och handelsgödsel. Resultatet visade att handelsgödsel, för tillfället, betraktas som en mer attraktiv marknadsvara än släkegödsel. Trots vissa begränsningar bedöms släkegödsel ha potential att konkurrera med handelsgödsel och förhoppningsvis stärka sin position på gödselmarknaden i framtiden. Exempelvis genom att blanda in släke med konstgödsel för att minska näringstillförseln till havet och återvinna näringen som redan finns i jordbrukskretsloppet. / Rapid world population growth has caused excessive pressure on the food industry. To meet the increasing demand for food a substantial amount of commercial fertilizer is used to stimulate the growth of crops and boost the fertility of agricultural lands. Overconsumption of fertilizers has contributed to nutrient leakage and eutrophication of the Baltic Sea. Consequently, the phenomenon has led to increased growth of seaweed and seagrass, particularly in the coastal areas of Gotland where it accumulates after being washed up from the sea (also called beach-wrack). These macroalgae are rich in minerals and nutrients, which are important for the plants' metabolism and growth. By collecting and using beach-wrack as a biofertilizer, the nutrient uptake by algae can therefore be returned to the soil and thus recycled. To enable the use of biofertilizers from beach-wrack within agricultural practices, it needs to be economically profitable and competitive on the market of commercial fertilizers.  This study aims to investigate the preconditions for biofertilizers from beach-wrack to become an economically sustainable alternative to commercial fertilizers. With a literature study as a basis, the goal is to create a model for comparing the price of beach-wrack fertilizer and commercial fertilizers. The result showed that commercial fertilizers are considered to be more attractive on the fertilizer market than beach-wrack fertilizer. Despite the limitations of algae-biofertilizer, beach-wrack could have the potential to compete with commercial fertilizer alternatives in the future and hopefully strengthen its position on the fertilizer market. For instance, by mixing the beach-wrack with mineral fertilizers, thus reducing the supply of nutrients to the sea, and recycling the nutrients that are already present in the agricultural cycle.

No description available.

<p> The Ontario shoreline of Lake Huron is one of the most populated areas, with reference to recreational purposes, in Ontario. However, with the rising water levels of the Great Lakes during 1972 and again in 1973, serious problems of beach erosion have resulted, particularly in the area of Grand Bend and Port Franks. This loss of sand has threatened cottages built on the dunes in addition to destroying breakwalls, steps, and boat launching ramps along the beach. It was with the idea of learning more about the beach, and possibly suggesting some methods of beach protection, that the research for this thesis was initiated. During the course of study, the author also became interested in the Ausable River and the associated flooding and erosion problems, with reference to past, present, and future attempts to solve or at least alleviate these difficulties. Thus, one section of the thesis is concerned with the Ausable River alone. </p> <p> The beach studied is actually the culmination of a series of raised beaches, formed during higher post-glacial lake stages. These raised beaches formed a bar separating the now non-existent Ausable Bay from Lake Huron, forming a lagoon eastward of the beach. This bar extends from Grand Bend, in a southwest direction, and culminates at Kettle Point. However, for the purposes of this thesis, that section between Grand Bend and Port Franks received the greatest amount of concentrated study. Over the years, the lagoon, formed by the growth of the bar has silted up, and is now drained for agricultural purposes. </p> <p> The modern beach was observed during the summer of 1972. This involved, profiling of a portion of the shore and offshore topography, procuring beach samples for later analysis, the use of sequential air photographs for observing changes over time, and the analysis of wind and wave data, along with many conversations with local residents and personal observations. </p> <p> The subsequent study of the above factors revealed several major conclusions regarding the beach. First, that it has good natural protection against erosion due to the abundance of sand s tored by the dunes. Second, the beach appears to be in an equilibrium state, however as lake levels fluctuate, so must the beach level, thus destroying the equilibrium for a period of time. With the lowering of the water level, the beach will become wider, exposing sand to the onshore winds, which will in turn rebuild the dunes with the blowing sand. Finally, because of the prximity of man-made structures to the beach, on the unstable dunes, some method of stabilizing the beach is necessary. That suggested is a groin system, designed and constructed by the local authorities. This would help prevent erosion and would eliminate the often vain and possibly dangerous, (to the natural environment), attempts by individuals to halt erosion. </p> <p> This is by no means a complete study of the area and its problems. Further consideration should be given to proposals which have been presented to the local conservation authority, and which were designed to alleviate some of these problems, particularly at Port Franks. The suggestions made here should also be given further thought. In addition to these practical problems, the actual growth of the original bar would provide an interesting subject for study. </p> / Thesis / Bachelor of Arts (BA)

[pt] Esta tese tem como tema a relação entre o ensino e a indústria de moda, no Brasil. Parte do pressuposto que existe uma distância entre eles impactando o setor da moda brasileira como um todo. O trabalho se apresenta como um desdobramento da dissertação de mestrado cujo enfoque se dava sobre a moda praia no contexto das relações entre design e corpo, na cultura de praia carioca. Na tese, o recorte no segmento de moda praia é mantido, mas o estudo se volta para o âmbito do ensino de moda. A moda praia é considerada um exemplo de sucesso da indústria nacional, por seu diferencial em termos de qualidade e design atrelados à cultura local. Verificou-se, entretanto, que o conhecimento relacionado à moda praia brasileira, embora ela seja reconhecida internacionalmente como referência, se encontra fragmentado e disperso. Há dificuldade na busca por profissionais bem preparados para este segmento, evidenciando a distância entre a sala de aula e o chão de fábrica. Uma distância que tem impactado o fortalecimento da percepção de valor conquistada nas últimas décadas em diversos aspectos para o setor da moda brasileira. Para entender como ocorrem as articulações entre o ensino e a indústria, buscou-se ouvir os atores envolvidos - representantes da indústria, do ensino de moda, designers, estudantes e empresários – a fim de propor, a partir da pesquisa de campo e de experimentos, recomendações para a elaboração de iniciativas estratégicas, utilizando processos de design, que aproximem a indústria e o ensino, impulsionando o setor e consequentemente o mercado de trabalho. / [en] This thesis aims to deepen understanding about the relationship between teaching and the fashion industry in Brazil. It begins with the assumption that it does exist a gap in between both that consequently impact negatively in the whole sector. This theses presents itself as a deployment of a master degree dissertation, in which the focus was on the beach fashion in the context of the relations between design and body, in the Carioca beach culture. The standards of beachwear design is maintained, but the study turns to the scope of fashion learning processes. The beachwear segment is considered a successful case study for the national industry mainly for its innovation in design, quality blended with the local beach culture. Even though it is rooted as a strong reference both nationally and internationally, it has been found that the knowledge and intelectual content it is still well fragmented. There are several issues finding skilled professionals, showcasing the distance still to be narrowed between the classroom and to become hands-on in the factory floor and production. This gap has not contributed to the strength of the added value perception that the segment acquired in the last decades. In order to understand how the articulations between teaching and industry occur, we sought to listen to the actors involved: representatives of industry, fashion teachers, designers, students and entrepreneurs. The goal is to propose field researches and experiments, recommendations to prepare strategy initiatives utilizing design processes that could have real impact to shorten the relations of the learning centers and the market, creating incentives to accelerate the sector and ultimately contributing to the skilled job market.

North Carolina implemented a statewide mandatory oceanfront 30-year setback on June 1, 1979. This research evaluated the effectiveness of the setback policy in the town of Nags Head in protecting private property from ocean hazards, preventing the encroachment of structures on public beaches, and minimizing public costs of inappropriately-sited development. To date, no process has been established for evaluating the effectiveness of the setback program. This research is proposed as one way to evaluate the success of oceanfront setbacks on a local basis. The town of Nags Head, located on Bodie Island, was selected for analysis because it represents one of the most developed areas of the Outer Banks, and has witnessed significant growth over the past twenty years. Due to Bodie Island’s northeast orientation, Nags Head has experienced severe erosion in many areas, stemming in part from northeasters and other coastal storms. The research involved collecting data on structures built since June 1, 1979 within the study area. Oceanfront setbacks from the vegetation line at the time of construction were obtained from survey measurements, and field measurements taken in January and February 1994 determined the present location of the structure relative to the vegetation line. Site-specific erosion rates were then determined and compared to the long-term rate used by the Division of Coastal Management in the delineating oceanfront setback per lot. Predictions of the time until each structure would be located within the zone of imminent collapse, as defined by FEMA, were made based on both long-term erosion rates and actual rates occurring over each structure’s lifetime. These predictions were then compared to the years remaining until each structure was 25 years old (30-year setback less the 5-year zone of imminent collapse), and determinations of setback success or failure were made on a per lot basis. Results of the analysis yielded low setback success rates within the study area, raising doubts about the ability of long-term erosion rate setbacks to sufficiently protect oceanfront property in areas frequented by severe coastal storms. The research supports the continuation of the oceanfront setback program, but discusses policy shortcomings, suggests possible policy alternatives, and recommends topics for further research regarding oceanfront setbacks. / Master of Science

This thesis choreographs the procession around and within a tower. An alternating sequence of compression and expansion of space creates a rich spatial experience. Each moment along the sequence is meant to complement or contrast the others, exaggerating their effect. The tower's form is designed by producing and then selecting from a series of potential solutions. Each iteration is guided by the aforementioned sequence of spatial conditions. / Master of Architecture