Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-09-28T11:47:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Diego da Silva Gomes.pdf: 2619456 bytes, checksum: 54aa7fc27666d0eefe5f74d7131dbd5c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-28T11:47:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Diego da Silva Gomes.pdf: 2619456 bytes, checksum: 54aa7fc27666d0eefe5f74d7131dbd5c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-04-29 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The leaf cutter ant Atta robusta Borgmeier, 1939 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) is an endemic species existent in restinga environment between States of Rio de Janeiro and Esp?rito Santo. However, with the fragmentation of this environment and consequent loss of the native area, owed due mainly to the urban growth, this species takes serious extinction risk, becoming indispensable studies that seek auxiliary in the understanding of your ecology, as the action of parasitoids phorids (Diptera: Phoridae). This work had as main objective to study possible associations of these flies with A. robusta. During the period between June 2009 and October 2010 two restinga environment were studied in the city of Rio de Janeiro: Parque Marapendi and restinga da Marambaia. In each environment they two areas were chosen (with differentiated vegetable composition), an open and more degraded, and another closed, more preserved. In each area nine colonies of A. robusta were chosen, totaling 36 colonies in the four areas of the two environments. Every day of data collection consisted of six hours of observation, divided in eight times of 45 minutes. These observations were made in trails and entrance of the nests, in a consecutive way, always beginning for the entrance nests. In the first ones 15 of each time were to verify the traffic of ants and the 30 remaining minutes, for capture of the phorids that attacked A. robusta. Environmental variables (temperature and humidity) were logged, as well as the attack place (trails and nests entrances). Seventy three phorid flies of two species were collected: Neodohrniphora sp. (46 individuals) and Myrmosicarius sp. (27 individuals). The first one was confirmed as a new species and it was more frequent in more closed restinga areas, while the second, with open areas. The two species attack in trails and entrance of the nests. The number of individuals of Myrmosicarius sp. was influenced negatively with the temperature and positively with the relative humidity of the air. In the case of Neodohrniphora sp. nov., all the regressions relating the number of individuals captured with the studied variables were not significant. The phorid species appear to be linked to specific areas of restinga, in which temperature and humidity are factors limiting the performance of parasitoids Myrmosicarius sp., but do not regulate the behavior of parasitoid Neodohrniphora sp nov. / A formiga cortadeira Atta robusta Borgmeier, 1939 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) ? uma esp?cie end?mica de ambientes de restinga existentes entre os Estados do Rio de Janeiro e Esp?rito Santo. Por?m, com a fragmenta??o deste ambiente e conseq?ente perda da ?rea nativa, devido principalmente ao crescimento urbano, esta esp?cie corre s?rio risco de extin??o, tornando-se imprescind?veis estudos que visem auxiliar na compreens?o de sua ecologia, como a a??o de for?deos parasit?ides (Diptera: Phoridae). Este estudo teve como objetivo principal estudar poss?veis associa??es destas moscas com A. robusta. Durante o per?odo entre junho de 2009 e outubro de 2010 foram estudados dois ambientes de restinga na cidade do Rio de Janeiro: Parque Marapendi e restinga da Marambaia. Em cada um destes ambientes foram escolhidas duas ?reas (com composi??o vegetal diferenciada), uma aberta e mais degradada, e outra fechada, mais preservada. Em cada ?rea foram escolhidas nove col?nias de A. robusta, totalizando 36 col?nias nas quatro ?reas dos dois ambientes. Cada dia de coleta de dados constou de seis horas de observa??o, divididas em oito tempos de 45 minutos. Estas observa??es foram feitas em trilhas e em olheiros, de forma consecutiva, sempre se iniciando pelos olheiros. Os 15 primeiros minutos de cada tempo foram para verificar o tr?fego de formigas e os 30 minutos restantes, para captura de for?deos que atacavam A. robusta. Vari?veis ambientais (temperatura e umidade) foram anotadas, bem como o local de ataque (trilha e olheiro). Foram coletados 73 for?deos de duas esp?cies: Neodohrniphora sp. nov. (46 indiv?duos) e Myrmosicarius sp. (27 indiv?duos). A primeira esp?cie foi confirmada como uma nova esp?cie e foi mais frequente em ?reas de restinga mais fechadas, enquanto a segunda, em ?reas abertas. As duas esp?cies atacam em trilhas e olheiros. O n?mero de indiv?duos de Myrmosicarius sp. foi influenciado negativamente pela temperatura e positivamente pela umidade relativa do ar. No caso de Neodohrniphora sp. nov., todas as regress?es relacionando o n?mero de indiv?duos capturados com as vari?veis estudadas foram n?o significativas. As esp?cies de for?deos parecem estar associadas a ?reas espec?ficas de restinga, na qual temperatura e umidade s?o fatores limitantes da atua??o dos parasit?ides Myrmosicarius sp., por?m n?o regulam o comportamento parasit?ide de Neodohrniphora sp nov.

Submitted by Leticia Schettini (leticia@ufrrj.br) on 2016-10-04T13:00:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Thais Paes Ferreira.pdf: 1131707 bytes, checksum: c98267296d6293f703188fe1291622db (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-04T13:00:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Thais Paes Ferreira.pdf: 1131707 bytes, checksum: c98267296d6293f703188fe1291622db (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-11 / Fluazuron is a benzoylphenylurea acarine growth inhibitor that is marketed for the control of cattle tick. Although the growth regulators are widely studied class, the number of papers describing analytical methods for determining the fluazuron in plasma samples is reduced. The development of a simple and fast analytical method for quantifying fluazuron in bovine plasma by HPLC-UV enables the evaluation of drug plasma profile and can be applied on bioavailability analysis of formulations containing fluazuron. In recent years there has been a technological breakthrough for chromatographic instrumentation, providing rapid, robust and sensitive methods, but the pretreatment of the sample stage becomes the limiting factor in this process. New extraction methods have been developed, however are often complex, expensive methods and are not as sophisticated to handle complex matrices, such as plasma. The aim of this study was a comparative study of three extraction methods: LLE, SPE and matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD). Pooled plasma samples were used as biological material, partly as raw samples and partly spiked with concentrations of fluazuron. For each extraction method (with exception of DMFS) was conducted using various solvents (ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, diethyl ether, hexane and acetonitrile) in order to evaluate the best extractor solvent. After the extractions the samples were concentrated and analyzed by HPLC/UV. The chromatographic separation was achieved on Kromasil C18 column preceded by guard column of matching chemistry, with mobile phase of acetonitrile: water (80:20, v/v) at flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The comparative analysis of the extraction procedures was based on selectivity, precision and accuracy of the method. Results showed that LLE not presented accuracy (< 80 and >120%) and precision (CV > 15%) with any solvent tested. SPE method showed good accuracy (80-120%) and precision (CV < 15%) for ethyl acetate, dichloromethane and diethyl ether. MSPD method using ethyl acetate solvent showed good accuracy and precision. However, SPE also allows a lower solvent consumption and shorter analysis time. The validation of the analytical method showed linearity, selectivity, precision, accuracy and, absence matrix effects and residual, thus proving it as suitable for routine analysis; This method showed to be an important investigative tool in the analysis of fluazuron plasma concentration in cattle. Fluazuron topical administration in bovine reached the systemic circulation (Cmax=62,8 ng/mL), was absorbed (tmax=48 hs), while maintaining quantifiable blood plasma levels for up to 14 days after the treatment with a 2,5 mg/Kg dosage. / Fluazuron ? um inibidor do crescimento da classebenzoilfenilur?ia, sendo comercializado para o controle de carrapatos do gado. Embora a classe de reguladores de crescimento sejam amplamente estudada, o n?mero de artigos que descrevem os m?todos anal?ticos para a determina??o do fluazurom em amostras de plasma ? escasso. O desenvolvimento de um m?todo anal?tico simples e r?pido para quantificar fluazuron em plasma bovino por CLAEUV permite a avalia??o do perfil plasm?tico do f?rmaco e pode ser aplicado na an?lise de biodisponibilidade de formula??es contendo fluazurom. Nos ?ltimos anos, tem acontecido um avan?o tecnol?gico para a instrumenta??o cromatogr?fica, proporcionando m?todos r?pidos, eficazes e sens?veis, mas a etapa de pr?-tratamento da amostra torna-se o fator limitante neste processo. Novos m?todos de extra??o t?m sido desenvolvidos, no entanto, muitas das vezes s?om?todos complexos, caros e n?o t?o sofisticados para matrizes complexas como o plasma. O objetivo deste estudo foi um estudo comparativo de tr?s m?todos de extra??o: extra??o l?quido-l?quido (ELL), extra??o em fase s?lida (EFS) e dispers?o de matriz em fase s?lida (DMFS). Ums mistura de amostras de plasma foi utilizada como material biol?gico, uma parte como amostra bruta e outra parcialmente enriquecida com concentra??es de fluazuron. Para cada m?todo de extra??o (exceto DMFS) foram analisadosdiversos solventes (acetato de etila, diclorometano, ?ter diet?lico, hexano e acetonitrila), a fim de avaliar o melhor solvente extrator. Ap?s as extra??es, as amostras foram concentradas e analisadas por CLAE/UV. A separa??o cromatogr?f ica foi obtida na coluna Kromasil C18 precedida de pr?-coluna de fase qu?mica correspondente, com fase m?vel de acetonitrila: ?gua (80:20, v/v) a um fluxo de 1,0 mL /min. A an?lise comparativa dos procedimentos de extra??o foi baseada na seletividade, precis?o e exatid?o do m?todo. Os resultados mostraram que a precis?o ELL n?o apresentou exatid?o (<80 e> 120%) e precis?o (CV> 15%) com nenhum dos solventes analisados. O m?todo EFS mostrou boa exatid?o (80-120%) e precis?o (CV <15%) para o acetato de etila, diclorometano e ?ter diet?lico. O m?todo de DMFS utilizando o solvente acetato de etila mostrou boa exatid?o e precis?o. No entanto, a EFS tamb?m permite um menor consumo de solventes e um tempo curto de an?lise; A valida??o do m?todo anal?tico mostrou linearidade, seletividade, precis?o, exatid?o e, aus?ncia de efeitos de matriz e residual, demonstrando-se adequado para an?lises de rotina; Este m?todo mostrou-se uma ferramenta de investiga??o importante na an?lise de concentra?? plasm?tica em bovinos. Fluazuron administrado por via t?pica em bovinos atingiu a circula??o sist?mica (Cmax = 62,8 ng /ml) e foi absorvido (Tm?x = 48 Hs), se mantendo quantificav?l em n?veis plasm?ticos por at? 14 dias ap?s o tratamento com uma dosagem de 2,5 mg / kg.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-10-10T12:06:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Iara Alves Novelli.pdf: 8629253 bytes, checksum: 80ff4026ca5aacf3a480c2a9ebcfce24 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-10T12:06:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Iara Alves Novelli.pdf: 8629253 bytes, checksum: 80ff4026ca5aacf3a480c2a9ebcfce24 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-21 / The chelonian uses tactile, visual, olfactory and chemical signs during the social interactions. The chemical communication sign may have a highest importance in the space orientation and sexual behavior displayed by the chelonian during the reproductive period. There are not histological and morphological studies of the Brazilian chelonian species tegumental appendices, like Hydromedusa maximiliani and Phrynops geoffroanus. So, the actual study had the goal to describe and compare morphologically and histologically the tegumental appendices from two Brazilian tortoise species which belong to the Chelidae family. For this study, it was used adult specimens from the Cole??o Herpetol?gica do Departamento de Zoologia da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora of H. maximiliani (2 males and 2 females) and P. geoffroanus (4 males and 4 females), totalizing 12 specimens. The analysis of the external surface neck, head and chin region was done. The animals were dissected using stereoscopic microscope to take samples out of the epidermis and dermis from the neck and head region. To the microscopic analysis, it was done the routine techniques that are used in the histological studies. In P. geoffroanus, the keratinized epidermis layer is thicker when compared to the same epidermis layer of H. maximiliani. It was observed that in P. geoffroanus and H. maximiliani these regions may present epidermis invaginations with the detachments of the most external keratin layers. The histological and histochemical study done in the epidermis cuts of the specimens H. maximiliani and P. geoffroanus haven?t evidenced the presence of submandibular gland. The PAS method hasn?t shown the presence of neutral mucopolysaccharides in this submandibular gland, which are products part of the secretions produced by the exocrine glands. In this study, it was observed that the dewlap presented in P. geoffroanus are cylindrical tegumental appendices presented in the mandibular symphysis posterior region, which occurs in pairs, constituting of epidermis and dermis, and with a great concentration of nervous terminations. In the actual study, the P. geoffroanus specimens macroscopically presented conical shape tubers, rarely pointed and also with verrucous shape, visible in the dorsal and lateral region, from the anterior part up to the posterior part of the neck, not presented in the ventral region of the neck, which presents slots, grooves and depressions in the epidermis. In the actual study, it wasn?t observed morphological and histological differences regarding the tubers when compared by gender. In H. maximiliani the tubers are irregularly distributed in the lateral and dorsal regions of the neck, being absent in the region of the head and in the ventral region of the neck. They present pointed and tray shape, different from what was observed in the P. geoffroanus specimens. The tubers presented in the two studied species are different in macroscopic terms, but all of them present a random disposition and are also absent in the ventral region of the neck. For the two types of tegumental annexes (tubers, dewlap) analyzed in this study, it was verified that there are not differences between the genders. / Os quel?nios empregam sinais t?teis, visuais, olfativos e qu?micos durante as intera??es sociais. A comunica??o usando sinais qu?micos pode ter uma import?ncia maior na orienta??o espacial e comportamento sexual exibidos pelos quel?nios durante o per?odo reprodutivo. S?o inexistentes os estudos histol?gicos e morfol?gicos dos ap?ndices tegument?rios das esp?cies de quel?nios brasileiros, como Hydromedusa maximiliani e Phrynops geoffroanus. Dessa forma, o presente estudo teve como objetivos descrever e comparar morfol?gica e histologicamente os anexos tegumentares de duas esp?cies brasileiras de c?gados pertencentes ? Fam?lia Chelidae. Para esse estudo foram utilizados esp?cimes adultos de H. maximiliani (dois machos e duas f?meas) e P. geoffroanus (quatro machos e quatro f?meas), totalizando 12 esp?cimes, provenientes da Cole??o Herpetol?gica do Departamento de Zoologia da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora Foi realizada a an?lise da superf?cie externa da regi?o do pesco?o, cabe?a e da regi?o mentoniana. Os animais foram dissecados sob microsc?pio estereosc?pico para retirada de amostras da epiderme e derme das regi?es da cabe?a e pesco?o. Para an?lise microsc?pica foram realizados as t?cnicas de rotina utilizadas nos estudos de histologia. Em P. geoffroanus a camada queratinizada da epiderme ? mais espessa quando comparada com a mesma camada na epiderme de H. maximiliani. Foi observado em P. geoffroanus e H. maximiliani que essas regi?es podem apresentar invagina??es da epiderme com o desprendimento das camadas mais externas de queratina. O estudo histol?gico e histoqu?mico realizado nos cortes da epiderme de ambas esp?cies de, n?o evidenciou a presen?a da gl?ndula submandibular. O m?todo de PAS n?o mostrou a presen?a de mucopolissacar?deos neutros nessa regi?o submandibular, que s?o produtos que fazem parte das secre??es produzidas por gl?ndulas ex?crinas. Nesse estudo observou-se que as barbelas presentes em P. geoffroanus s?o ap?ndices tegumentares cil?ndricos presentes na regi?o posterior da s?nfise mandibular, que ocorrem aos pares, constituindo-se de epiderme e derme, e com grande concentra??o de termina??es nervosas. No presente estudo, os esp?cimes de P. geoffroanus macroscopicamente apresentaram tub?rculos de forma c?nica, raramente pontiagudos, e tamb?m de formato verrucoso, vis?veis na regi?o dorsal e lateral desde a parte anterior at? a parte posterior do pesco?o, n?o estando presentes na regi?o ventral do pesco?o, que apresenta ranhuras, estrias e depress?es da epiderme. No presente estudo n?o foram observadas diferen?as morfol?gicas e histol?gicas em rela??o aos tub?rculos quando comparados por sexo. Em H. maximiliani os tub?rculos est?o distribu?dos de forma irregular nas regi?es laterais e dorsais do pesco?o, estando ausentes na regi?o da cabe?a e na regi?o ventral do pesco?o. Apresentam formato pontiagudo e de tabuleiro, diferente do que foi observado nos esp?cimes de P. geoffroanus. Os tub?rculos presentes nas duas esp?cies estudadas s?o diferentes em termos macrosc?picos, mas todos apresentam uma disposi??o aleat?ria e est?o tamb?m ausentes na regi?o ventral do pesco?o. Para os dois tipos de anexos do tegumento (tub?rculos, barbelas) analisados nesse estudo, verificou-se que n?o existe diferen?a entre os sexos.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-10-17T15:10:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Sergio Carvalho Moreira.pdf: 18299878 bytes, checksum: 0755537fc7d05720dfc365f593b70620 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-17T15:10:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Sergio Carvalho Moreira.pdf: 18299878 bytes, checksum: 0755537fc7d05720dfc365f593b70620 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-24 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / This study addressed the segmentation of the song of humpback whales based on the definition of the subunits. The humpback whale voalizations were identified and characterized in order to structurate the first data bank of sounds of marine mammals of the Southwestern Atlantic. It was noted the importance of these subunits because they have a degree of small variation, assisting in the identification of the species for the Autonomic Passive Acoustic Monitoring System (MAPA). Records of vocalizations of whales were conducted by the Humpback Whale Institute team (IBJ), between 2006 and 2013, in the region of Abrolhos, Bahia State, Brazil. They held seven readings of the subunits through the Raven 1.4 software, by evaluating: (1) High frequency (Hz); (2) Average power (dB); (3) Energy (dB); (4) Center frequency (Hz); (5) Maximum frequency (Hz); (6) Delta Time (s); and (7) Delta frequency (Hz). There were calculated the average, standard deviation, minimum and maximum values. Multivariate analysis of variance with post-hoc test values were performed where p>0.05 did not represent a significant change in the years. In the years 2006, 2007, 2009 and 2011 there was satisfactory quality to perform the analyzes, which corresponded to 14% of total recordings in 4:06:54 hours. The records analyzed were purchased in the months of highest occurrence of humpback. 862 subunits were identified and analyzed. The identified subunits were A, B and C. The subunit A: n= 156(18%), previously found in a feeding area in the northeast of Iceland (2011), Alaska (2012) and in the region of Abrolhos in all years studied. The B subunit: n= 205(24%), occurring in feeding areas of Iceland (2000) and Alaska (2012) and the breeding area in Hawaii (1991). In Abrolhos region they were recorded in all years studied. The C subunit: 501(51%) was previously recorded in the breeding areas of Madagascar (2009), Hawaii (1989 and 1991), Mexico (2006), Australia (2009) and New Caledonia (2010) and in the feeding area Antarctica (2010). Some subunits showed no significant differences in some of the studied years. The subunits are preserved over the years especially in following parameters: high frequency, center frequency, maximum frequency, delta time and the delta frequency. The parameter delta time has also shown more uniform average and standard deviation, indicating that this should be used as a differentiating character in the analysis of humpback sound emissions. The C subunit had a wide geographic distribution, mainly in the Southern Hemisphere. Comparison of subunits found in the literature shows that they are suitable bioacustic markers for humpback in the usage of MAPA methodology. The data obtained in this study will be used to start the first sound database for marine mammals in the South Atlantic, called SONOTECA, in partnership with the SISMMAM (Marine Mammals Sound and Monitoring Integrated System)/IBAMA. / Neste estudo foi abordada a segmenta??o da can??o de baleias jubarte com base na defini??o das subunidades. As emiss?es sonoras das jubarte foram identificadas e caracterizadas de modo a estruturar o primeiro banco de dados de sons de mam?feros marinhos do Atl?ntico Sul Ocidental. Constatou-se a import?ncia dessas subunidades por apresentarem um grau de varia??o pequeno, ajudando na identifica??o da esp?cie em sistemas de Monitoramento Ac?stico Passivo Aut?nomo (MAPA). Os registros das vocaliza??es das baleias foram realizados pela equipe do Instituto Baleia Jubarte (IBJ) de 2006 a 2013, na regi?o de Abrolhos, Bahia, Brasil. Foram realizadas sete leituras das subunidades atrav?s do software Raven 1.4, avaliando-se: (1) Alta da frequ?ncia (Hz); (2) M?dia da pot?ncia (dB); (3) Energia (dB); (4) Frequ?ncia central (Hz); (5) Frequ?ncia m?xima (Hz); (6) Delta do tempo (s); e (7) Delta da frequ?ncia (Hz). Foram calculados a m?dia, o desvio padr?o, o valor m?nimo, e o valor m?ximo. Realizadas an?lises multivariadas das vari?ncias com o valores do teste Post Hoc onde p>0,05 n?o representa varia??o significativa ao ano. Nos anos de 2006, 2007, 2009 e 2011 houve qualidade satisfat?ria para realizar as an?lises, o que correspondeu a 14% do total das grava??es, com 4:06:54h de grava??es. Os registros analisados foram adquiridos nos meses de maior ocorr?ncia de jubarte. 862 subunidades foram identificadas e analisadas. As subunidades identificadas foram A, B e C. A subunidade A (n = 156; 18%), anteriormente encontrada em uma ?rea de alimenta??o no nordeste da Isl?ndia (2011), no Alasca (2012) e na regi?o de Abrolhos, em todos anos estudados. A subunidade B (n = 205; 24%), com ocorr?ncia em ?reas de alimenta??o da Isl?ndia (2000) e no Alasca (2012) e na ?rea de reprodu??o no Hava? (1991) e na regi?o de Abrolhos foram registradas em todos anos pesquisados. A subunidade C (n = 501; 51%) foi anteriormente registrada nas ?reas de reprodu??o de Madagascar (2009), Hava? (1989 e 1991), M?xico (2006), Austr?lia (2009) e Nova Caled?nia (2010) e na ?rea de alimenta??o da Ant?rtica (2010). Algumas subunidades n?o apresentaram diferen?as significativas em alguns anos estudados. As subunidades s?o preservadas ao longo dos anos principalmente nos par?metros alta frequ?ncia, frequ?ncia central, frequ?ncia m?xima, delta de tempo e delta da frequ?ncia. O par?metro delta do tempo demostrou tamb?m a sua m?dia e desvio padr?o mais uniforme, indicando que este deve ser usado como car?ter diferenciador nas an?lises de emiss?es sonoras de jubarte. A subunidade C apresentou uma grande distribui??o geogr?fica principalmente no Hemisf?rio Sul. A compara??o das subunidades encontradas com as registrads na literatura demostra que elas s?o adequados marcadores bioac?sticos para a jubarte no uso de metodologia do MAPA. Os dados obtidos no presente estudo ser?o usados para iniciar o primeiro banco de dados de sons para mam?feros aqu?ticos no Atl?ntico Sul, denominado SONOTECA, em parceria com o SISISMMAM (Sistema Integrado de Som e Monitoramento de Mam?feros Marinhos) /IBAMA.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-10-20T10:49:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Mariana Borges Rodrigues.pdf: 10445208 bytes, checksum: 3b8788e9719ae12da12f01e329a82878 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-20T10:49:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Mariana Borges Rodrigues.pdf: 10445208 bytes, checksum: 3b8788e9719ae12da12f01e329a82878 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-19 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Coccidia are obligate intracellular parasites, classified in Subphylum Apicomplexa and order Eucoccidiorida, which has different stages in their life cycles. In Passeriformes, the coccidian species of Isospora Schneider, 1881 are the most common, being the family Thraupidae one of the major families, with 12 host species described. The aim of this study was to identify, characterize and quantify the coccidian parasites of Thraupidae in the Itatiaia National Park. Isospora ramphoceli Berto, Flausino, Luz, Ferreira, Lopes, 2010 was identified in ruby-crowned tanagers Tachyphonus coronatus (Vieillot, 1822), which became a new host, and the Itatiaia National Park a new location for this coccidian species. The intensity of infection in different hosts were high, which can be justified by frugivorous feeding habits that favoring the feco-oral transmission of coccidia and by the positive hosts inhabit in disturbed areas susciptible to the effects of forest edge. The oocysts were characterized as uniform in T. coronatus and morphologically and morphometrically similar to the original description in Ramphocelus bresilius dorsalis Sclater, 1855 on the island of Marambaia, RJ. The specificity of I. ramphoceli occurred at the family level, because T. coronatus and R. b. dorsalis are included in the Thraupidae family. / Os cocc?dios s?o parasitas intracelulares obrigat?rios, classificados no Subfilo Apicomplexa e ordem Eucoccidiorida, que tem fases diferentes em seus ciclos de vida. Em Passeriformes as esp?cies de Isospora Schneider, 1881 s?o as mais comuns, sendo a fam?lia Thraupidae uma das principais fam?lias-hospedeiras com 12 esp?cies descritas. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar, caracterizar e quantificar os cocc?dios parasitos de Thraupidae do Parque Nacional do Itatiaia. Isospora ramphoceli Berto, Flausino, Luz, Ferreira, Lopes, 2010 foi identificada em ti?s-pretos Tachyphonus coronatus (Vieillot, 1822), o qual se tornou novo hospedeiro e o Parque Nacional do Itatiaia nova localidade para este cocc?dio. As intensidades de infec??o em diferentes hospedeiros positivos foram altas, o que pode ser justificado pelo h?bito alimentar frug?voro que favorece a transmiss?o feco-oral dos cocc?dios e por parte dos hospedeiros positivos habitarem em ?reas antropizadas submetidas aos efeitos de borda de mata. Os oocistos foram caracterizados como uniformes em T. coronatus e morfologicamente e morfometricamente semelhantes a descri??o original em Ramphocelus bresilius dorsalis Sclater, 1855 na Ilha da Marambaia, RJ. A especificidade de I. ramphoceli ocorreu em n?vel de fam?lia, pelo fato de T. coronatus e R. b. dorsalis estarem classificados entre os traup?deos.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2017-01-10T13:29:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Ralph Maturano Pinheiro.pdf: 4863275 bytes, checksum: 542ee848d51f8367ac92b718c42d15ec (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-10T13:29:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Ralph Maturano Pinheiro.pdf: 4863275 bytes, checksum: 542ee848d51f8367ac92b718c42d15ec (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-25 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / This study aimed at understanding issues involved in tick parasitism in wild birds of the Atlantic Rainforest. First, an inventory (in the years 2005-2006) was performed of tick species occurring in Passeriformes of a forest fragment located on private property (21?37? S, 43?21? W), in the municipality of Coronel Pacheco, in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. This study verified the occurrence of Amblyomma nodosum, Amblyomma calcaratum, Amblyomma parkeri and Amblyomma longirostre in larval and nymph stages and Amblyomma ovale in the larval stage in Passeriformes from the aforementioned locality. It was also observed that Amblyomma larvae are most abundant in birds during the dry season when compared with the rainy season. Prevalence rates and mean intensity among bird families also showed to be high during the dry season, coinciding with the lowest level of tick aggregation, according to the discrepancy index (D). Regarding bird families, those with higher parasitic intensities were Thraupidae (16.51 ? 31.4), Furnariidae (22.3 ? 23.4) and Thamnophilidae (10.1 ? 14), when considering both seasons. Regarding bird ecological and morphological data, higher intensities were observed for omnivorous and understory birds and for birds with greater weights and lengths. Second, an assessment of reports on ticks occurring in wild birds of the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest was performed. With these reports, the compilation of data regarding feeding ecology and bird sizes was performed, to verify the possible association of these variables with parasitism by ticks. In total, nine tick species have been reported in Atlantic Rainforest birds, especially A. longirostre, A. nodosum, A. calcaratum and Amblyomma aureolatum, in immature stages. The Thraupidae, Thamnophilidae, Pirpidae and Furnariidae bird families have the highest number of occurrences, respectively. A. longirostre was the species with the broadest parasitism spectrum among bird families, mainly occurring in the Thraupidae, Thamnophilidae, Pipridae, Rhynchocyclidae, Dendrocolaptidae and Turdidae families. As for A. nodosum, the main bird families parasitized by this species are Thamnophilidae, Thraupidae and Conopophagidae. With regard to A. calcaratum, a higher incidence was observed in birds from the Thraupidae, Thamnophilidae and Conopophagidae families, while for A. aureolatum its prevalence among the families of parasitized birds remained evenly distributed. When foraging and dietary habits were considered, it was found that insectivorous birds are associated with parasitism by these four tick species. Only A. nodosum, had no observed association with frugivorous birds. A. nodosum and A. calcaratum species are associated with birds that frequent interior forests, while bird species that frequent forest borders are associated with all of the species mentioned. Overall, there was an association between small birds (up to 40 g and 40 cm) and the tick species mentioned. It was concluded that the location commonly shared by wild birds and hosts of ticks in adult stages is an important factor for the occurrence of parasitism. / O presente trabalho teve como objetivo compreender aspectos ecol?gicos envolvidos no parasitismo por carrapatos em aves silvestres da Mata Atl?ntica. No Cap?tulo I, foram estudados carrapatos de aves Passeriformes, coletados nos anos de 2005 e 2006, provenientes de um fragmento de mata localizado numa propriedade particular (21?37? S, 43?21? W), em Coronel Pacheco, Minas Gerais. Neste trabalho foi verificada a ocorr?ncia de Amblyomma nodosum, Amblyomma calcaratum, Amblyomma longirostre e Amblyomma parkeri nos est?gios de larva e ninfa e Amblyomma ovale no est?gio de larva. Tamb?m foi poss?vel verificar que larvas do g?nero Amblyomma s?o mais abundantes nas aves durante a esta??o seca do que na esta??o chuvosa, conforme observado pelos ?ndices de preval?ncia e intensidade m?dia entre as fam?lias de aves, coincidindo com o menor grau de agrega??o dos carrapatos na esta??o seca, segundo ?ndice de discrep?ncia (D). As fam?lias de aves com maiores intensidades de parasitismo foram Thraupidae (16.51 ? 31.4), Furnariidae (22.3 ? 23.4) e Thamnophilidae (10.1 ? 14), quando consideradas ambas as esta??es. Quanto aos dados ecol?gicos e morfol?gicos das aves, foram verificadas maiores intensidades para aquelas on?voras e de sub-bosque e com maiores pesos e comprimentos. No Cap?tulo II, foram compilados os relatos de carrapatos do g?nero Amblyomma que ocorrem em aves silvestres da Mata Atl?ntica no Brasil. Com esses relatos, foi montado banco de dados sobre ecologia e morfologia das aves para verificar a poss?vel associa??o destas vari?veis com o parasitismo por carrapatos. Ao todo, nove esp?cies de carrapatos j? foram relatadas em aves deste bioma, com destaque para A. longirostre, A. nodosum, Amblyomma aureolatum, A. calcaratum e A. parkeri nas fases imaturas. As fam?lias de aves Thraupidae, Thamnophilidae, Pipridae e Furnariidae s?o as com os maiores n?meros de ocorr?ncias, respectivamente. A. longirostre ? a esp?cie com maior espectro de parasitismo sobre as fam?lias de aves, ocorrendo principalmente nas fam?lias Thraupidae, Thamnophilidae, Pipridae, Rhynchocyclidae, Dendrocolaptidae e Turdidae. As principais fam?lias de aves parasitadas por A. nodosum s?o Thamnophilidae, Thraupidae e Conopophagidae. Para A. calcaratum, foi verificada maior ocorr?ncia em aves das fam?lias Thraupidae, Thamnophilidae e Conopophagidae, enquanto para A. aureolatum a preval?ncia entre as fam?lias de aves se manteve homogeneamente distribu?da. Quando considerados os h?bitos ecol?gicos, foi verificado que aves inset?voras est?o associadas com parasitismo destas esp?cies de carrapatos. Apenas para A. nodosum, n?o foi observada associa??o com aves frug?voras. As esp?cies A. nodosum e A. calcaratum est?o associados com aves que frequentam interior de mata, enquanto aquelas esp?cies de aves que frequentam borda de mata est?o associadas com todas as esp?cies citadas. De maneira geral, foi observada associa??o entre aves pequenas (at? 40 g e 40 cm) e as esp?cies de carrapatos citadas. Foi poss?vel concluir que o local, onde aves silvestres e hospedeiros das fases adultas de carrapatos compartilham ? fator importante para a ocorr?ncia de parasitismo. Palavras-chave: aves silvestres, carrapatos,

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2017-01-23T11:22:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Marcione Brito de Oliveira.pdf: 6197788 bytes, checksum: f0d079ae51992239875f6993c6b36ba6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-23T11:22:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Marcione Brito de Oliveira.pdf: 6197788 bytes, checksum: f0d079ae51992239875f6993c6b36ba6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-14 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The relationship between the chiropterofauna survey and the landscape mosaic was evaluated along the left bank of S?o Louren?o River (Fazenda Santa Lucia) in the northern Pantanal, MT, Brazil. Samples were collected during 15 nights distributed during the transition period between dry and flooding seasons (end of November to mid-December 2014). A second survey was carried out during the dry season (October 2015). Several vegetational formations were sampled, considering both open (pastures, fields with mounds) and forest areas (cambara and the palm Scheelea phalerata, Arecaceae, as dominant species), totaling 24 sites. Samples were collected by mist nets set at ground level among trails, clearings in the forest, grazing areas and savanna formations (fields with mounds). A total of 27 species within five families were recorded: Emballonuridae (one species), Phyllostomidae (11 genera and 16 species), Noctilionidae (one genus and two species), Molossidae (two genera and three species) and Vespertilionidae (two genera and five species), although species from almost all trophic categories were captured. The richest trophic group was the insectivores with 48% of the species. However, its capture was relatively rare in most study sites. The highest abundance was for the frugivorous trophic guild with 68.9% of the total (454 individuals). The group is widely distributed in the mosaic, may be due to the capture method (mist nets) and to the high representation of the fruit bats subfamily Stenodermatinae in the study region. The Phyllostomidae species, considered sensitive to habitat disturbances, were captured in some of these patches. Four large groups of areas were identified, when composition of species, trophic structure, as well as the foraging strategies were considered. Insectivores were more associated with sparse vegetation areas or open fields, tending to areas closer to water, such as rivers with bridges or artificial tanks (cattle water holes) and seasonally flooded vegetation such as cambara forest. Frugivorous had the highest capture rates in acuri forest, semi-deciduous forest physiognomy with understory dominated by palm trees "acuri" (S. phalerata), indicating shelter availability. Thus, species occurrence seems to be related to trophic habits and foraging strategy, and are primarily distributed according to the vegetation zones of the study region. / Foi realizado um levantamento da quiropterofauna e avaliadas as suas rela??es com o mosaico da paisagem na regi?o situada ? margem esquerda do rio S?o Louren?o (Fazenda Santa L?cia) no norte do Pantanal, MT. As coletas foram realizadas durante 15 noites distribu?das entre o per?odo de transi??o entre a seca e a cheia (final de novembro at? meados de dezembro de 2014). Uma segunda amostragem foi desenvolvida no per?odo da seca (outubro de 2015). Diversas forma??es foram amostradas, considerando ?reas abertas (pastagens, campos com murundus) e fechadas (cambarazais, acurizais), com um total de 24 s?tios avaliados. As coletas foram realizadas com redes de neblina (mist-nets). Essas foram armadas no n?vel do solo em trilhas, clareiras dentro da mata, ?reas de pastagem e forma??es de cerrado (campos com murundus). No total foram registradas 27 esp?cies de cinco fam?lias: Emballonuridae (uma esp?cie), Phyllostomidae (11 g?neros e 16 esp?cies), Noctilionidae (um g?nero e duas esp?cies), Molossidae (dois g?neros e tr?s esp?cies) e Vespertilionidae (com dois g?neros e cinco esp?cies). Embora as esp?cies de morcegos de quase todas as categorias tr?ficas tenham sido registradas, a maior representatividade foi de inset?voros com 48% das esp?cies capturadas. Contudo, sua abund?ncia mostrou-se relativamente rara na maioria dos s?tios avaliados. A maior abund?ncia foi da guilda tr?fica frug?voro com 68,9% do total (454 indiv?duos), sendo esta amplamente distribu?da no mosaico avaliado, o que pode ser devido ao m?todo de captura com redes de neblina e a elevada representatividade de morcegos frug?voros da subfam?lia Stenodermatinae na regi?o de estudo. Esp?cies de Phyllostomidae, consideradas sens?veis a perturba??es no habitat, foram capturadas em algumas dessas machas. Quando comparadas as similaridades entre as ?reas, foi observada uma separa??o em quatro grandes grupos, tanto quanto a composi??o de esp?cies quanto a estrutura tr?fica e modo de forrageio. A distribui??o observada para os inset?voros esteve mais associada a ?reas com vegeta??o esparsa ou campos abertos, com tend?ncia para ?reas mais pr?ximas aos locais com ?gua como rios com pontes ou tanques artificiais (?gua para o gado) e vegeta??o estacionalmente inund?vel como os cambarazais. Os frug?voros apresentaram as maiores taxas de captura em acurizais, fisionomia florestal semidec?dua com sub-bosque dominado pela palmeira ?acuri? (Scheelea phalerata, Arecaceae), indicando boa disponibilidade de abrigos sob a vegeta??o ou folhagem. Assim sendo, a distribui??o das esp?cies parece estar diretamente relacionada ao habito alimentar e ao modo de forrageio e est?o distribu?das principalmente de acordo com as zonas de vegeta??o da regi?o estudada.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2017-04-04T11:10:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - Vin?cius da Rocha Miranda.pdf: 4210864 bytes, checksum: 3c37254eedb367413a77718eae172a75 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-04T11:10:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - Vin?cius da Rocha Miranda.pdf: 4210864 bytes, checksum: 3c37254eedb367413a77718eae172a75 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-26 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Cold-water coral reefs are of great ecological importance, they can support a great diversity associated with. They can offer a sheltered, three-dimensional, micro-habitat to many species. Studies involving the Brazilian deep-sea coral reefs, and the fauna which composes it, are recent and still scarce. These reefs were studied only in terms of the species of coral which composes it and their distribution in our coast, as the benthic fauna which are associated with this environment. Two projects, CAP-BC and ECOPROF, coordinated by CENPES/PETROBRAS, surveyed the Campos Basin (located at the northeast of Rio de Janeiro) with the objective of studying this environment and the associated fauna. On each project samples of the reef-building corals were collected with a ROV, at depths from 245 to 1100m. Five species of coral were surveyed: Solenosmilia variabilis Duncan, 1873, Lophelia pertusa (Linnaeus, 1758), Enallopsammia rostrata (Portual?s, 1758), Madrepora oculata Linnaeus, 1758 and Errina sp.,and fixed in formalin 10% and sorted at the laboratory. Here in, we present the first, qualitative, results from the polychaetes found in association with the coral reefs in Campos BasinThe specie of Eunice prognatha McIntosh, 1885 were the most abundant, followed by Harmothoe gilchristi (Day, 1960) and Nicon maculata Kimberg, 1866. The majority of polychaetes were found associated to the coral S. variabilis, followed by E. profunda and L. pertusa, both M. oculata and Errina sp. were the corals with less associated polychaetes. Five new species of Polychaeta are reported: Harmothoe sp. (Polynoidae), Pholoides sp. (Sigalionidae), Leocratides sp. (Hesionidae), Euchone sp. (Sabellidae) and Ophryotrocha sp. (Dorvilleidae).Specimens identified as Glycerella magellanica (McIntosh, 1885), Harmothoe gilchristi (Day, 1960), Eunice gracilicirrata (Treadwell, 1922), Eunice prognatha McIntosh, 1885, Pionosyllis procera Hartman, 1965, Haplosyllis ohma (Imajima & Hartman, 1964) and Nicon maculata Kimberg, 1866, are new occurrence for the Brazilian coast. Two other species, Filogranula revizee Nogueira & Abbud, 2009 and Notopygos crinita Grube, 1855had their range of occurrence extended. This is the first study aiming on the polychaetes associated with deep sea corals in the Brazilian waters, further studies should be conducted to better understand the distribution of species described here in, as well as to better understand the polychaete assemblage associated with each species of coral. / Recifes de corais de profundidade possuem uma grande import?ncia ecol?gica, uma vez que podem abrigar uma grande diversidade de esp?cies associadas. Isso ? poss?vel gra?as ? sua conforma??o tridimensional que proporciona uma alta hetereogenidade espacial, criando um ambiente protegido para muitas esp?cies. No Brasil, estudos sobre corais. de profundidade, s?o escassos e recentes. Muitos destes se limitam a descrever as esp?cies de corais encontradas e a sua distribui??o pela costa brasileira assim como organismos bent?nicos associados a eles. Recentemente foram realizados dois projetos coordenados pela CENPES/PETROBRAS, CAP-BC e ECOPROF com objetivo de realizar um levantamento dos recifes de corais de profundidade, bem como das esp?cies associadas a estes, na regi?o da Bacia de Campos (noroeste do estado do Rio de Janeiro). Em cada um desses projetos foi utilizado um ROV para coletar amostras nas profundidades entre 300 e 1100 metros. Cinco esp?cies de corais formadores desse ecossistema foram coletadas: Solenosmilia variabilis Duncan, 1873, Lophelia pertusa (Linnaeus, 1758), Enallopsammia rostrata (Portual?s, 1758), Madrepora oculata Linnaeus, 1758 and Errina sp., cada amostra foi fixada em uma mistura tamponada de formalina (10%), para posterior triagem em laborat?rio. Aqui apresentamos o estudo dos poliquetas associados a estes corais na Bacia de Campos. A esp?cie Eunice prognatha McIntosh, 1885 foi a mais abundante, seguida por Harmothoe gilchristi (Day, 1960) e Nicon maculata Kimberg, 1866. O coral S. variabilis foi o que apresentou o maior n?mero de esp?cies associadas, seguida dos corais E. rostrata e L. pertusa, j? as esp?cies M. oculata e Errina sp. foram os corais com menos esp?cies de poliquetas encontrados. Foram reportadas cinco novas esp?cies de poliquetas Harmothoe sp. (Polynoidae), Pholoides sp. (Sigalionidae), Leocratides sp. (Hesionidae), Euchone sp. (Sabellidae), e Ophryotrocha sp. (Dorvilleidae). O total de oito esp?cies foram registradas pela primeira vez para a costa brasileira: Glycerella magellanica (McIntosh, 1885), Harmothoe gilchristi (Day, 1960), Eunice gracilicirrata (Treadwell, 1922), Eunice prognatha McIntosh, 1885, Pionosyllis procera Hartman, 1965, Haplosyllis ohma (Imajima & Hartman, 1964), e Nicon maculata Kimberg, 1866. Duas outras esp?cies, viii Filogranula revizee Nogueira & Abbud, 2009 e Notopygos crinita Grube, 1855, tiveram suas ?reas de ocorr?ncia ampliadas. Este ? o primeiro estudo focando nos poliquetas associados aos corais de profundidade da costa brasileira. Novos estudos devem ser realizados para melhor compreender a distribui??o das esp?cies descritas neste trabalho, assim como entender as poss?veis associa??es destas com as esp?cies de coral desse ecossistema

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2017-04-26T14:05:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Patricia Gon?alves Galv?o.pdf: 5289496 bytes, checksum: 8dcb41bc971793cc8b4cdf383401ade4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-26T14:05:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Patricia Gon?alves Galv?o.pdf: 5289496 bytes, checksum: 8dcb41bc971793cc8b4cdf383401ade4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-01 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The objective of this study was to evaluate the protein profile expression of G. diazotrophicus PAL5 and its defective mutant in the indole compound production (lao-) grown in the presence or absence of tryptophan through 2DE-PAGE technique. The spectrometric analysis allowed the identification of 24 differentially expressed proteins. The majority of the proteins down regulated in the wild type PAL5 cultivated with tryptophan as compared to the cultivation without the amino acid belonged to the category of transductional modification, protein turnover and chaperones. For the mutant lao- grown in the same conditions, the majority of the proteins that presented differential expression belonged to the category of production and conversion of energy. In addition, the majority of the protein differentially expressed in the mutant lao- as compared to the wild-type PAL5 strains belonged to carbohydrates metabolism and transport. On the other hand, no proteins related to the tryptophan biosynthesis were detected in any condition, possibly due to the low yield of the proteins during the spectrometric analysis. Furthermore, mutants lao- and nif- of G. diazotrophicus were used for inoculation of micropropagated sugarcane plants in order to determine the influence of auxins produced by the bacteria in the plant growth promotion in comparison with PAL5. The first experiment, carried out in hydroponic conditions for 10 days showed a significant inoculation effect of the wild type on plant shoot. The other experiment was conducted in a period of 120 days in pots containing sand:vermiculite substrate fertilized with 30 and 60 ppm with ammonium sulphate enriched with 15N. The plants were inoculated in vitro with the wild type and mutants lao- and nif-, and the results showed a visual difference in the roots inoculated with PAL5 that showed higher volume suggesting a higher number of secondary roots and root hairs. On the other hand, the plants inoculated with the lao- mutant were ticker and showed lower number of secondary roots and root hairs. The shoot biomass of plants inoculated with PAL5 was higher than those inoculated with the mutant strains for both N dose, however the difference was not significant. Plants grown with 60 kg N dose and inoculated with the mutants showed lower accumulation of dry shoot mass than plants inoculated with the wild type strain. In conclusion, the present study showed the occurrence of several differentially expressed proteins either in the wild type strain or in the mutant lao- grown in LGI-P with and without tryptophan. The role played by these proteins in the metabolism of the bacteria requires additional studies, including different growth conditions. In addition, the inoculation of micropropagated sugarcane plants suggested a hormonal effect of the bacteria mainly on the root development e consequently in the N use efficiency. However, the size of the pots may have limited the plant development, suggesting that new experiments should be carried out in more appropriated conditions to confirm the influence of the indol production and the BNF during the association of the G. diazotrophicus and sugarcane plants / Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar o perfil de express?o de prote?nas de G. diazotrophicus PAL5 e seu mutante defectivo na produ??o de compostos ind?licos (lao-) cultivados na presen?a e aus?ncia de triptofano atrav?s da t?cnica de 2DE-PAGE. A an?lise por espectrometria de massa permitiu a identifica??o de 24 prote?nas diferencialmente expressas. A maioria das prote?nas com a express?o diminu?da em PAL5 cultivada em meio com triptofano em rela??o ao meio de cultivo sem esse amino?cido pertenceu ? categoria modifica??o p?s-traducional, turnover de prote?nas e chaperonas. No mutante lao- cultivado nas mesmas condi??es, a maioria das prote?nas que apresentaram express?o diferencial pertencia ? categoria produ??o e convers?o de energia. Em adi??o, a maioria das prote?nas que foram diferencialmente expressas no mutante lao- em compara??o com a estirpe selvagem PAL5 pertencia ? categoria metabolismo e transporte de carboidratos. Por outro lado, n?o foram observadas prote?nas relacionadas ? bioss?ntese de triptofano em nenhuma condi??o analisada possivelmente devido ao baixo rendimento das identifica??es por espectrometria. Al?m das an?lises dos perfis de prote?nas, os mutantes lao- e nif- de G. diazotrophicus foram inoculados em plantas de cana-de-a??car micropropagadas com o objetivo de determinar a influ?ncia das auxinas na promo??o do crescimento dessa cultura em compara??o com a estirpe selvagem PAL5. O primeiro experimento, conduzido em condi??es de hidroponia pelo per?odo de 10 dias, mostrou efeito significativo da inocula??o da estirpe selvagem na promo??o de crescimento da parte ?rea das plantas, enquanto que o mutante lao-, n?o diferiu estatisticamente do controle n?o inoculado. O outro experimento, foi conduzido por 120 dias em vasos com substrato areia:vermiculita contendo 30 ou 60 ppm de sulfato de am?nio enriquecido com 15N e as pl?ntulas foram inoculadas in vitro. Os resultados mostraram uma diferen?a visual nas ra?zes das plantas inoculadas com PAL5, que se mostraram mais volumosas, aparentando um n?mero mais elevado de ra?zes secund?rias e p?los radiculares. J? as plantas inoculadas com lao- apresentaram ra?zes mais grossas, com um n?mero muito reduzido de ramifica??es ou p?los radiculares. A biomassa seca da parte a?rea das plantas inoculadas com PAL5 foi superior ?quelas inoculadas com as estirpes mutantes para as duas doses de nitrog?nio, por?m essa diferen?a n?o foi significativa. N?o foram observadas evid?ncias de contribui??o da FBN, por?m as plantas inoculadas com PAL5 foram menos eficientes na recupera??o do N fertilizante. Em conclus?o, o presente estudo mostra a ocorr?ncia de diversas prote?nas diferencialmente expressas tanto na estirpe selvagem como em lao- quando crescidas na presen?a e aus?ncia do amino?cido triptofano. A defini??o do papel dessas prote?nas no metabolismo da bact?ria requer estudos adicionais, inclusive em diferentes condi??es de cultivo. Em adi??o, a inocula??o dessas bact?rias em plantas de cana-de-a??car mostrou o efeito hormonal da bact?ria no desenvolvimento das ra?zes e, por conseguinte na maior efici?ncia de uso do N aplicado. Entretanto, dado a limita??o de espa?o f?sico dos vasos para o desenvolvimento das plantas, sugere-se a realiza??o de novos experimentos, em condi??es mais apropriadas, para confirmar a influ?ncia da produ??o de ?ndoles e da FBN durante a associa??o da bact?ria com as plantas de cana-de-a??car.

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-05-03T14:33:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Jo?o Kleber da Costa Fernandes.pdf: 3419179 bytes, checksum: 438592497d93b0e2004465d0aa5c057c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-03T14:33:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Jo?o Kleber da Costa Fernandes.pdf: 3419179 bytes, checksum: 438592497d93b0e2004465d0aa5c057c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-29 / Lauraceae Juss. is a pantropical and economically important plant family, consisting of 50 genera and approximately 3,000 species, mostly found in humid forests. Several species are important resource in the construction timber, spice, essential oil, and medicinal plants. Among the 22 genera of Lauraceae occurring in Brazil, Urbandodendron Mez. is a genus with three species found in Southeastern Brazil and in Bahia state. Due to the complexity of that group, several classification systems have been proposed to the family. The most recent system suggests the division of the Lauroidea subfamily into three tribes, based on inflorescence morphology and on characters of wood and bark anatomy. On the other hand, Urbanodendron has not been included in that classification, since there are no studies on wood anatomy for that genus up to date. This study aims to provide information that can support Lauraceae taxonomy by describing wood characters of Urbanodendron bahiense (Meisn.) and U. verrucosum (Ness) Mez., followed by a literature review on the wood anatomy of other 21 genera of Lauraceae. Wood samples of both species were collected with an increment borer and processed based on usual techniques of optical and scanning electron microscopy. In order to verify if environmental factors may affect wood structure, samples were collected in Lowland and Submontane Ombrophilous Dense Forest remnants located in two conservation units in Rio de Janeiro state, the Parque Natural Municipal do Curi? and the Reserva Biol?gica de Po?o das Antas. A Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) was used to evaluate how wood anatomy characters may support an intrafamiliar diagnosis in Lauraceae. The comparative analysis between the wood anatomies of U. bahiense e U. verrucosum indicated a homogeneous wood structure for both species, as observed in the other genera of Lauraceae, showing the following wood anatomical characters: growth ring boundaries distinct; porosity diffuse, solitary vessels and radial multiplex of 2-4, circular to oval outline, exclusively simple perforation plates, alternate intervessel pits; septate fibre; axial parenchyma paratracheal vasicentric; uniseriate and multiseriate (2-3 cells) rays; presence of phenolic compounds, mucilage and oil cells. Both species differ only in the location and frequency of oil/mucilage cells. The PCoA showed that wood anatomical characters effectively supported the diagnosis of tribes Cryptocaryeae, Laureae and Perseeae. The structure of the secondary xylem in Urbanodendronhave characters which are common to genera Aniba, Licaria, Nectandra, Ocotea and Persea, all belonging to tribe Perseeae, suggesting the placement of Urbanodendron in that same tribe. There were no quantitative statistically significant differences between cell elements present in individuals from both forest remnants. / Lauraceae Juss. ? uma fam?lia de grande import?ncia econ?mica sendo empregada na culin?ria, na perfumaria e na ind?stria farmac?utica, na fabrica??o de papel, em marcenaria e constru??o civil. As esp?cies t?m distribui??o pantropical, ocorrem nas florestas tropicais e subtropicais, em ambientes ?midos. A fam?lia ? constitu?da por 50 g?neros e aproximadamente cerca de 3.000 esp?cies. No Brasil s?o encontrados 22 g?neros, dentre eles Urbandodendron Mez, constitu?do por tr?s esp?cies, cuja distribui??o est? restrita aos estados do Sudeste e Bahia. Diversas classifica??es foram propostas devido a complexidade do grupo. O sistema de classifica??o mais recente sugere a divis?o da subfam?lia Lauroidea em tr?s tribos baseada na morfologia da infloresc?ncia e na anatomia do lenho e da casca. No entanto, Urbanodendron n?o ? citado nesta classifica??o, devido aus?ncia de estudos sobre a anatomia do lenho para o g?nero, at? o momento. O presente estudo tem como objetivo fornecer subs?dios ? taxonomia de Lauraceae, por meio da descri??o das caracter?sticas do lenho de Urbanodendron bahiense (Meisn.) e U. verrucosum (Ness) Mez, e de uma revis?o sobre a anatomia do lenho de 21 g?neros pertencentes ? fam?lia. Al?m de avaliar se as varia??es ambientais encontradas em Floresta Ombr?fila Densa de terras baixas e submontana promovem mudan?as significativas na estrutura do lenho. As amostras foram coletadas atrav?s de m?todos n?o destrutivos e processadas de acordo com as t?cnicas usuais para observa??o do lenho em microscopia ?ptica e microscopia eletr?nica de varredura. Os indiv?duos provem de duas ?reas de estudo do estado do Rio de Janeiro: O Parque Natural Municipal do Curi? e a Reserva Biol?gica de Po?o das Antas. Para a revis?o foram feitos levantamentos em bases de dados e peri?dicos especializados. A an?lise de coordenadas principais (PCoA) foi utilizada para avaliar como os caracteres anat?micos do lenho podem auxiliar no diagn?stico infrafamiliar em Lauraceae A partir do estudo comparativo da anatomia do lenho de U. bahiense e U. verrucosum foi poss?vel verificar que o lenho apresenta uma estrutura homog?nea como os demais g?neros da fam?lia, que incluem: camadas de crescimento distintas; porosidade difusa, vasos solit?rios e m?ltiplos radiais de 2-4 c?lulas, placa de perfura??o exclusivamente simples e pontoa??es intervasculares alternas; fibras septadas; par?nquima axial paratraqueal vasic?ntrico; raios unisseriados e multisseriados (2-3 c?lulas), integrados por c?lulas procumbentes na por??o central e eretas ou quadradas nas margens; presen?a de subst?ncias fen?licas, c?lulas ole?feras/mucilaginosas associadas ao raio. As esp?cies estudadas diferiram apenas na localiza??o e frequ?ncia das c?lulas ole?feras/mucilaginosas. A an?lise de coordenadas principais mostrou que os caracteres anat?micos do lenho auxiliam no diagn?stico das tribos Cryptocaryeae, Laureae e Perseeae. A estrutura do xilema secund?rio de Urbanodendron apresenta caracteres comuns aos g?neros Aniba, Licaria, Nectandra, Ocotea e Persea que pertencem ? tribo Perseeae, sugerindo o posicionamento do g?nero estudado nessa mesma tribo. A an?lise quantitativa dos elementos celulares encontrados nos indiv?duos de ambas as esp?cies, das duas forma??es vegetais, n?o apresentou diferen?as estat?sticas