Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-04-29Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:08:49Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 slade_gg_me_sjrp.pdf: 1409630 bytes, checksum: 016bbc3e589fef407db769347efaba7e (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A dinâmica do DNA apresenta movimentos de grande amplitude e localizados ao longo da cadeia que, mesmo na sua temperatura biológica, são capazes de abrir um único par de bases. Com o objetivo de compreender essa dinâmica, discutimos a formação e a estabilidade de soluções espacialmente localizadas e periódicas no tempo, breathers, no modelo de Peyrard-Bishop. O limite anticontínuo é utilizado para gerar o breather, então no início o acoplamento entre os osciladores é nulo. Depois de construir o breather, nós utilizamos a teoria de Floquet para estudar sua estabilidade. Os resultados foram analisados pelos multiplicadores de Floquet e a dinâmica energética do sistema. Teste com diferentes frequências do breather e intervalos de acoplamento foram feitos; esses parâmetros estão intimamente relacionados com a energia do sistema. / A dinâmica do DNA apresenta movimentos de grande amplitude e localizados ao longo da cadeia que, mesmo na sua temperatura biológica, são capazes de abrir um único par de bases. Com o objetivo de compreender essa dinâmica, discutimos a formação e a estabilidade de soluções espacialmente localizadas e periódicas no tempo, breathers, no modelo de Peyrard-Bishop. O limite anticontínuo é utilizado para gerar o breather, então no início o acoplamento entre os osciladores é nulo. Depois de construir o breather, nós utilizamos a teoria de Floquet para estudar sua estabilidade. Os resultados foram analisados pelos multiplicadores de Floquet e a dinâmica energética do sistema. Teste com diferentes frequências do breather e intervalos de acoplamento foram feitos; esses parâmetros estão intimamente relacionados com a energia do sistema.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo anotar, traduzir e comentar uma parte da obra da escritora norteamericana Elizabeth Bishop (1911-1979), que viveu no Brasil durante cerca de vinte anos: seus textos de caráter jornalístico relacionados ao país. O mais extenso é o livro Brazil (1962), escrito sob encomenda dos editores da revista Life. O livro foi renegado pela autora, inconformada com as intervenções dos editores, e publicado sob coautoria. O cotejo entre os originais (preservados nos arquivos de Bishop, no Vassar College), o texto publicado em 1962 e as anotações da autora em seu exemplar (preservado na Harvard University) permite apontar as similaridades e, especialmente, os importantes contrastes entre a perspectiva de Bishop e a dos editores. Uma investigação sobre o momento em que o livro surgiu na vida da autora e na história do Brasil e dos Estados Unidos auxilia a compreensão não só do texto, mas também de sua escrita e dos episódios associados à sua edição. O trabalho se completa com a tradução e a anotação de outros cinco textos, dois dos quais ainda inéditos mesmo em inglês, vestígios de um projeto abandonado por Bishop: a elaboração de um novo livro sobre o país. / The aim of this work is to annotate, translate, and comment a part of the writings by Elizabeth Bishop (1911-1979), the North-American writer, who lived in Brazil for approximately twenty years, focusing on her journalistic texts about that country. Her largest piece is a book called Brazil (1962) which was commissioned by the editors of Life magazine. However, the book was rejected by the author who refused to accept the interventions made by the editors. As a result, they co-authored it. Comparing the original (preserved in the Bishop archives at Vassar College) with the published text allows us to compare two different views of Brazil, to highlight similarities and especially the important contrasts between them. A research on the period the book was published focused on the author\'s life, as well as on the history of both Brazil and the U.S.A. helps to understand not only the text itself, but also how it was written and the episodes associated to its edition. The present work includes five additional texts, remains of a project that was abandoned by Bishop: the making of another book on Brazil. Two of these texts have remained unpublished to date, even in English.

Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2014. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Augustine of Hippo remains one of the most prominent and influential figures in the world of Catholicism, famous for his many writings and sermons on Catholic Christianity as well as his ardent defence of it. His debate with Fortunatus, a member of the Manichaean faith presented Augustine with one of his defining moments as a member of the Catholic clergy. This is because Augustine had only been a presbyter in the Church at Hippo for a few months when this debate took place and therefore had much at stake against his wily opponent. To make matters even more complicated for Augustine, he himself had been a Manichee for at least nine years and knew Fortunatus as a skilled debater. But rhetoric, or the art of persuasion, was a field in which Augustine excelled, having both a natural proclivity for speaking as well as the formal education behind it. Chapter one begins with an introduction to the debate, the primary characters, and the religions involved. Chapter two continues with an exposition of Augustine and his association with Manichaeism and then goes on to describe Augustine‟s anti-Manichaean works. From this point, chapter two continues with a section on Manichaeism, its spread, its myth and its practice. From this contextual basis, chapter three deals with the methodology of Critical Discourse Analysis and the three most important characters in the form of Halliday, Fairclough and van Dijk. This chapter is followed by another chapter on theory: Argumentation Theory. Chapter four includes subsections on van Eemeren and his methodologies of Pragma-Dialectics and Strategic Maneuvering. The analysis chapters of this dissertation begin with chapter five which deals with concepts from Critical Discourse Analysis and Argumentation Theory. This chapter includes subsections on categories of enquiry, followed by a section on a number of recurring devices, namely: answering questions, changing the topic and quoting scripture. A Critical Discourse Analysis section follows with subsections that include difference, evaluation and knowledge as a common ground component of contexts. This in turn is followed by sections on Argumentation Theory and Strategic Maneuvering, which include subsections on economy, efficacy and coherence; realism and wellfoundedness; logical reasoning process and pragmatic inferences; reasonableness versus effectiveness; the rhetorical perspective; discussion strategies; dialectical aims versus rhetorical aims and deceptive manoeuvring. The final analysis chapter, the Contra Fortunatum in context, includes subsections on the opening of the debate, the structure of the debate and the topics of discussion. Within this last section subsections on the Nebridian conundrum, the origin of evil, and free will occur. The next subsection dicusses topics not mentioned in the debate: the Manichaean myth, Mani and the previous friendship between Fortunatus and Augustine. Following this there are sections on Manichaeism presenting itself as a form of Christianity, the debaters talking past each other and the issues of audience composition and power relations between the various role players. Chapter seven takes a concluding look at the issue of who should be designated the winner of the debate. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Augustinus van Hippo bly een van die mees prominente en invloedryke figure in die wêreld van die Katolisisme, bekend vir sy vele skrywes en preke oor die Katolieke Christendom sowel as sy ywerige verdediging daarvan. Sy debat met Fortunatus, ʼn lid van die Manichese geloof, het aan Augustinus een van die bepalende oomblikke in sy rol as Katolieke geestelike besorg. Die rede hiervoor is dat Augustinus ten tyde van die debat nog net ʼn paar maande ʼn presbiter in die kerk in Hippo was; daarom was daar baie op die spel in die debat teen hierdie gedugte opponent. Om dinge selfs nog meer ingewikkeld vir Augustinus te maak, was hy self vir ten minste nege jaar 'n Manicheër en was hy bekend met Fortunatus se retoriese vermoëns. Retoriek, of die kuns van oorreding, was egter 'n veld waarin Augustinus uitgeblink het. Hy het beide ʼn natuurlike aanvoeling vir redevoering sowel as ʼn formele opleiding gehad. Hoofstuk een van die proefskrif begin met ʼn inleiding tot die debat, die hoofkarakters en die gelowe wat betrokke is. Hoofstuk twee gaan voort met ʼn uiteensetting van Augustinus en sy assosiasie met die Manichese geloof en beskryf ook Augustinus se anti-Manichese werke. Van hier af gaan hoofstuk twee dan verder met 'n afdeling oor die Manichese geloof, die mitologie en lewenswyse, sowel as die verspreiding van die Manicheïsme. Met hierdie kontekstuele agtergrond as basis handel hoofstuk drie oor die metodologie van Kritiese Diskoersanalise en die drie belangrikste eksponente van hierdie teoretiese rigting, Halliday, Fairclough en Van Dijk. Hierdie hoofstuk word gevolg deur nog ʼn teoretiese hoofstuk wat handel oor Argumentasieteorie. Hoofstuk vier sluit onderafdelings in oor Van Eemeren en sy metodologieë van Pragma-Dialektiek en Strategiese Maneuvers. Die ontledingshoofstukke van hierdie proefskrif begin by hoofstuk vyf wat handel oor Kritiese Diskoersanalise en Argumentasieteorie. Hierdie hoofstuk sluit onderafdelings in oor kategorieë van ondersoek, opgevolg deur ʼn gedeelte oor 'n aantal herhalende tegnieke: die beantwoording van vrae, die verandering van die onderwerp en skrifaanhalings. ʼn Volgende afdeling oor Kritiese Diskoersanalise volg daarop met onderafdelings wat verskil, evaluasie en kennis as ʼn gemeenskaplike komponent op die terrein van konteks insluit. Hierop volg 'n afdeling oor Strategiese Maneuvers. Laasgenoemde sluit onderafdelings in oor ekonomie, doeltreffendheid en koherensie; realisme en gegrondheid; logiese denkprosesse en pragmatiese gevolgtrekkings; redelikheid versus effektiwiteit; die retoriese perspektief; besprekingstrategieë; dialektiese doelwitte versus retoriese doelwitte en maneuvers van misleiding. Die finale ontledingshoofstuk, getiteld die Contra Fortunatum in konteks, sluit onderafdelings in oor die openingsreëls van die debat, die struktuur van die debat en tematiek daarvan. In die laaste afdelings word die kwessies van die Nebridiese vraagstuk, die oorsprong van boosheid en die vrye wil ingesluit. Die volgende onderafdeling bevat onderwerpe wat nie in die debat behandel word nie: die Manichese mite, Mani en die vroeëre vriendskap tussen Fortunatus en Augustinus. Daarop volg die afdelings oor die Manichese strategie om hierdie godsdiens as Christelike godsdiens voor te stel, die deelnemers se taktiek om verby mekaar te praat asook oor die samestelling van die gehoor en kwessie van die magsverhoudinge tussen die onderskeie rolspelers. Die laaste hoofstuk sluit samevattend af met 'n kort bespreking van die kwessie van wie as die wenner van die debat beskou moet word.

The diploma thesis will focus on the life and work of bishop Simon Barta (1864-1940) in the period 1920-1940, when this Church dignitary headed the diocese of Ceske Budejovice. It will be based on the sources of the central and regional archives, which, with the knowledge of the specialized literature, will put Barth's life in the historical and religious context of the First and Second Czechoslovak Republic and the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, and reconstructing the bishop's activity. The student will work with analytic-synthetic, comparative and heuristic methods that will allow him to plastically portray Barth's action in an adequate religious context of the history of the 20th century.

A presente pesquisa aborda a formação da identidade da religião católica no Brasil colonial e seus reflexos nos desregramentos recorrentes na segunda metade do século XVIII, na diocese de São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro durante o episcopado de D. José Joaquim Justiniano Mascarenhas Castelo Branco (1773 1805) tendo sido este o primeiro bispo a assumir o comando de sua diocese natal. O tema proposto aborda diretamente a complexa relação entre os poderes temporal, representado pelo Estado português personificado na figura da realeza , e o espiritual, pertencente à Igreja sua representatividade máxima no local varia de acordo com a posição ocupada pelos clérigos, respeitando-se, assim, a hierarquia eclesiástica (monges, freiras, padres, bispos etc.). Apesar da obrigatoriedade do catolicismo na colônia, a coroa metropolitana não foi capaz de dar o suporte necessário para o estabelecimento de uma religiosidade fiel às determinações do Concilio de Trento, conforme determinava o direito de Padroado. Isso levou à formação de um catolicismo colonial por vezes aparente. A miscigenação étnico-cultural deu brecha para o surgimento de praticas sincréticas e diferentes comportamentos sociais reprovados pela Igreja. O desvio de conduta era um problema que afetava, não só os fiéis, mas também o clero, sendo este composto na época por sacerdotes mal formados e alguns estrangeiros de índoles duvidosas. Assim, os bispos do Brasil do século XVIII tiveram que lidar com problemas que eram, na verdade, reflexo da realidade da estrutura colonizadora local onde, apesar de ter sido a Igreja uma importante aliada do Estado lusitano, e vice-versa, havia também grande rivalidade entre ambos. Dessa forma, ocorriam na época constantes embates entre as autoridades civil e religiosa, as quaisuniam-se e desuniam-se de acordo com seus interesses. / This research discusses the formation of the identity of the Catholic religion in colonial Brazil and its impact on recurring excesses in the second half of the eighteenth century, on São Sebastião of Rio de Janeiros diocese, during the episcopate of D. José Joaquim Justiniano Mascarenhas Castelo Branco (1773 1805) who was the first bishop that has taken command of his native diocese. The theme proposed directly addresses the complex relationship between the temporal power, represented by the Portuguese State embodied in the real figure and the spiritual power, that belongs to the Church the maximum representation in the place varies according to the position occupied by the clergy, respecting the ecclesiastical hierarchy (monks, nuns, priests, bishops, etc.). Despite the requirement of Catholicism in the colony, the metropolitan crown was unable to provide the necessary support for the establishment of a true religion to the Council of Trents determinations, as determined the right of patronage. This led to the formation of a colonial Catholicism sometimes apparent. The ethnic and cultural miscegenation has given opening for the emergence of syncretic practices and different social behaviors disapproved by the Church. The misconduct was a problem that affected not only the faithful, but also the clergy, and this compound at the time by poorly trained priests and some foreign dubious natures. Thus, the eighteenth century Brazil's bishops had to deal with problems that were, in fact, a reflection of the local colonial structure reality - which, despite being the Church an important ally of the Portuguese State, and vice versa, there was also a great rivalry.Therefore, there was at that time constant battles between civil and religious authorities, they joined, or not, according to their interests.

Les sujets principaux de ce travail sont les suivants: Après un chapitre d'introduction consacré à un exposé sur l 'importance du phénomène, où l'on distinguera les problèmes posés par les mouvements de terrain naturels de ceux qui sont la conséquence de l'activité humaine, avec une mention particulière à l'aspect juridique des mouvements de terrain, la première partie s'intéressera à la description de tous les mouvements de terrain réels et de leurs différents aspects , de façon à aboutir à une classification fondée sur des critères d'observation et permettant de distinguer divers types de mouvement que l'on pourra étudier par des procédés distincts. Cette étude aboutit à la définition et à la description du glissement de terrain et est illustrée par l' exemple de M0NTAUD (Isère). Nous nous sommes ensuite préoccupés de l'estimation de la stabilité des pentes en passant en revue d'une part tous les facteurs qui interviennent sur cette stabilité, ainsi que l'état actuel des connaissances à propos de ces facteurs, et les moyens que l'on a pour les déterminer, et d'autre part les méthodes qui permettent l'estimation de cette stabilité. Nous avons par principe exclu toute recherche en direction de mét hodes très élaborées, donc théoriquement les plus précises, faisant appel à l ' informatique et cela pour plusieurs raisons : de telles méthodes existent actuellement et semblent donner de bons résultats; nous n 'étions pas en mesure d'effectuer de longs travaux sur ordinateur dans le cadre de ce travail ; enfin et surtout nous avons cherché une méthode qui soit d 'un emploi simple tant par ses bases mathématiques que par les moyens matériels qu'elle nécessite , afin de pouvoir être utilisée par le maximum de personnes. Un paragraphe est consacré au rappel de tous les facteurs régissant la stabilité des pentes: loi rhéologique et conditions aux limites . Nous envisageons ensuite les deux voies qui peuvent conduire à l'estimation de la stabilité des pentes: la voie descriptive tout d'abord qui fait appel à l'observation et au relevé de tous les renseignements offerts par chaque cas de stabilité ou d'instabilité (donc résolu par la nature) et qui peut conduire soit à une étude comparative des problèmes, faisant alors appel à l'expérience de l'observateur, soit à un traitement statistique, si le nombre d'observations est suffisant, permettant de définir l'influence relative des différents paramètres: une méthode est proposée, illustrée par l'exemple des glissements d'EN BRUNET (Savoie) ; cette voie descriptive, utilisable surtout par le naturaliste, peut apporter une aide notable à l'ingénieur placé devant de grands phénomènes naturels; l' étude théorique, au contraire, doit apporter au géologue un outil simple et efficace pour chiffrer la stabilité; après un passage en revue des différentes méthodes de calcul, nous avons retenu celles de FELLENIUS et de BISHOP simplifiée qui peuvent être utilisées par le calcul à la main; pour évaluer la validité de ces méthodes , nous les avons appliquées à un certain nombre de cas (pentes stables et instables) parfaitement décrits dans la littérature; ceci nous a permis d ' établir que la méthode de FELLENIUS, affectée d'un coefficient correcteur, donne des résultats très valables pour définir la limite de stabi lité d'une pente; nous avons donc défini, à partir de cette méthode qui est la plus simple d 'emploi, un coefficient probable FP , égal au coefficient de FELLENIUS FF, majoré de 0, 12 , et dont nous indiquons les limites de précision qui sont en accord avec la précision que l'on peut espérer des différents relevés et essais sur le terrain et en laboratoire. Un exemple d' uti isation "inverse " de la méthode est donné (glissement de SAINT JEAN DU BRUEL, Aveyron) qui consiste à chercher la va l e ur des paramètres mécaniques d'un terrain au moment de sa rupture (FP = 1) afin d'étudier l'évoluti on de la stabilité en fonction des diverses modifications des conditi ons du terrain . La dernière partie de ce travail est consacrée à l' étude de l'inf luence de l ' eau sur la stabilité , car ce sont le plus souvent des modifications des conditions hydrauliques d'un massif qui conduisent à sa rupture ; nous passons tout d ' abord en revue la modification de chaque paramètre régissant la stabilité à la suite de variations des conditions hydrauliques , afin de discuter l 'importance relative de leur influence sur la stabilité ; un court paragraphe est ensuite consacré au comportement de l'eau dans le sol en fonction de sa nature et de sa structure géologique, de façon à indiquer à quels problèmes hydrauliques peuvent conduire les différents types de sols ; enfin nous avons voulu chiffrer l 'influence de la position d 'une nappe , à l'intérieur d ' un talus, sur la stabilité de celui -ci : on a donc calculé la variation du coefficient de sécurité probable de ce talus en fonction de sa hauteur et de sa pente , de la position de la nappe , de la densité , de la cohésion et du frottement interne du sol supposé homogène ; cela conduit à un cahier d' abaques qui est présenté à la fin de cet ouvrage .

As a debate over the legitimacy of the liturgical use of images, the Byzantine Iconoclastic controversy (ca. 726-843) had important political and theological implications, which modern scholarship generally tends to treat unconnectedly. The primary object of this study is to explicate the relationship between the political and theological dimensions of the controversy and to reconstruct the debate over images in a comprehensive approach that accounts for both its political and theological dimensions. / The main argument of the thesis is that the question of images was a politico-theological problem and the prospects of 'political expediency' and 'theological propriety' were correlated in the minds of both the Iconoclastic reformers and their Iconodule rivals. Indeed, it was through their respective soteriologies that the two parties gave meaning to the theological and political dimensions of the debate in relationship with their respective theological first principles. Therefore, the Iconoclastic debate is explained as a soteriological dispute where the worldview represented by the traditional Byzantine religio-political ideology and the worldview represented by the proponents of images were set over against each other. / The main contribution of our thesis to modern scholarship of the Byzantine Iconoclastic controversy is to reconstruct the debate in the light of the contending theological paradigms of the two parties, which shaped not only their attitudes towards images but also their political stands in relation to the Byzantine Empire's involvement in ecclesiastical politics. This new synthetic reading explains the debate in reference to two essential theological cornerstones of the Byzantine tradition---the Eusebian "Imperial Theology" and the Christological definition of the council of Chalcedon---both taken as key reference points, against which the political and doctrinal stands of both parties were constructed and interpreted.

No description available.

This dissertation makes an investigation of two short story collections by the pioneering IsiZulu writers in this genre, W M B Mkhize and M J Mngadi with particular reference to exposition, characterisation, style and themes. The theoretical framework that has been used has been mainly the structuralist approach though others such as historical biographical and moral philosophical, Marxist or formalism and new criticism have also been used. This study consists of six chapters; the first chapter serves as the general introduction to the whole dissertation. The authors' biographical sketches have been given. The discussion of the methodology, definition of the important concepts, parallel works in isiZulu short stories, the chapter outline, theoretical framework and the conclusion make up the rest of the chapter. Chapter 2 focuses on exposition. Different kinds of expositions as used by authors have been dealt with and the effects they have on the readers. The different expositions have been discussed as the authors use them. These include the variety of dialogues and monologues. The others are character, event and nature type of expositions. Chapter 3 deals with characterisation. Naming, plausibility of characters, different kinds of characters and the educative value they have on the readers has been studied. Major and minor characters have been discussed in this chapter. Chapter 4 concerns itself with style. This includes diction, phrases and sentences, the use of proverbs and figures of speech have been analysed. Precise word selection and symbolism have been investigated in the authors' works. Chapter 5 in this research has to do with themes. The study of themes as covered by authors has been covered. The research has confined itself to general, specific and presentation of themes as the serious concern of writers in sending messages to the readers. Chapter 6 deals with general conclusion. It has finalised the evaluation and given the final overview and conclusion. Lastly it has given suggestions for some further research on the study of Mkhize and Mngadi's short stories. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2003.

No description available.