El tema que se presenta en esta investigación se centra en la publicidad como herramienta de inclusión de niños con síndrome de Down en Lima Metropolitana. A pesar de los esfuerzos que está haciendo el Estado peruano para organizar y cuantificar a las personas que tienen alguna discapacidad, no todos están inscritos en el Registro Nacional de Persona con Discapacidad; por lo tanto, no pueden acceder al apoyo que les brinda el Estado y se genera una exclusión social. El caso que se analiza es “Compromiso Babysec”, una campaña de éxito en América del Sur y en el 2019 lanzaron la versión peruana. La relevancia de este trabajo es porque no existen muchas investigaciones que determinen la importancia de la publicidad como herramienta frente a este tema social. De esta manera, el objetivo principal de la investigación es analizar de qué manera la campaña “Compromiso Babysec” puede incentivar la inclusión social en niños con síndrome de Down en Lima Metropolitana. Esta investigación se realizará con una metodología cualitativa bajo la técnica de entrevista a profundidad. En primer lugar, se considerará a madres de 35 a 45 años de nivel socioeconómico B que tengan hijos con síndrome de Down de cero a diez años y que han sido espectadoras de la campaña “Compromiso Babysec”. En segundo lugar, serán madres de 30 a 40 años de nivel socioeconómico B con hijos de cero a diez años que no tienen síndrome de Down y que han sido espectadoras de la campaña “Compromiso Babysec”. / This research focuses on advertising as a tool for social inclusion of children with Down syndrome in Metropolitan Lima. In spite of the efforts that the Peruvian State is making to organize and quantify the people who have a disability, not all of them are registered in the National Registry of Persons with Disabilities; therefore, they can not access to the support provided by the State and social exclusion is generated. The case under analysis is "Compromiso Babysec" (Commitment Babysec), a successful campaign in South America; which was launched in Peru in 2019. The relevance of this work resides in the fact that there are not many investigations that focus on the importance of advertising as a tool against this social issue. This is why the main objective of the research is to analyze how the campaign "Compromiso Babysec" can encourage social inclusion of children with Down syndrome in Metropolitan Lima. This research will be carried out according to a qualitative methodology under the technique of in-depth interview. Thus, two target audiences will be considered: first, mothers of 35 to 45 years of age of the socioeconomic status B who have children with Down syndrome from zero to ten years of age and who have been spectators of the "Compromiso Babysec" campaign. Secondly, mothers from 30 to 40 years of age the socioeconomic status B with children from zero to ten years of age who do not have Down syndrome and who have been spectators of the "Compromiso Babysec" campaign. / Trabajo de investigación

Consumer decisions are largely influenced by prior experiences via memory. Consumer research is limited in its consideration of the separate memory system conceptualisations dominant in psychology, and rather has primarily focused on semantic memory (SM). As Autobiographical Memory (AM) may equally affect one’s brand consumption decisions, it is critical to integrate AM into brand-related memory studies for a complete understanding of the consumer learning and decision-making process. The study conceptualises affective, self-relevant brand episodes as Brand-Related Autobiographical Memory (BRAM), and storage of abstract brand knowledge as Brand-Related Semantic Memory (BRSM). The conceptual review identified hypothesised relationships between BRAM, BRSM, self-brand congruence and affective brand commitment. Within a positivist paradigm, the study employed methodological triangulation with qualitative interviews, functional magnetic resonanace imaging (fMRI) experiment and a survey to collect data. Findings suggest that brand memories are stored in AM and SM, and brand memories that are in AM are self-relevant and emotion-laden. The construct of Specificity explains the self-brand congruence relationship while BRAM (Vividness and Affect) influence brand commitment. No relationship was discovered between BRSM, self-brand congruence and brand commitment. This is of particular significance as dominant consumer research focuses on semantic memory. The research contributes to marketing theory by: 1). identifying the importance of multiple memory systems in understanding consumers’ decision-making; 2). exploring how BRAM contributes towards emotional decision-making models; 3). identifying the importance of BRAM in self-brand congruence theory and brand commitment decisions; 4). demonstrating the use of nuroimaging (fMRI) methods to study consumer memories and 5). introducing the BRAM scale as a complementary measure to recall and recognition tests.

Bakgrund: Hållbarhet och CSR är idag en självklarhet i många nordiska företag. Under de senaste åren kan även en ökning konstateras i konsumenters vilja att betala mer för hållbara produkter. De företag som upplevs hållbara är alltså mer attraktiva för konsumenter, vilket har lett till att företag i allt större utsträckning profilerar sig som hållbara. Det finns dock anledning att ifrågasätta huruvida ett företags engagemang är menade att gynna ändamålets eller företagets intressen och det kan därför anses viktigt att öka förståelsen för hur dessa företag kan befästa sin trovärdighet. Intern förankring av ett företags varumärke har visat sig bidra till positiva känslor och beteenden bland företags medarbetare, vilket vidare möjliggör employee advocacy bland dem. Employee advocacy kan i sin tur möjliggöra stärkt konkurrenskraft för företagen då budskap som förmedlas av medarbetare har stor genomslagskraft och upplevs trovärdiga. Syfte: Att förklara sambandet mellan internal-external brand alignment och employee advocacy i företag med ett hållbarhetsorienterat varumärke för att skapa förståelse för hur av företag kan gå tillväga för att befästa sin trovärdighet. Metod: Studien är av kvantitativ karaktär och utgår från en deduktiv forskningsansats. Studiens empiri består av 330 st insamlade enkätsvar. Slutsatser: Studien accepterar samtliga hypoteser och fastställer därmed ett samband mellan internal-external brand alignment och employee advocacy, både direkt och indirekt via de medierande variablerna förtroende och brand commitment. Studien bekräftar därmed tidigare anförda resonemang, där intern förankring av ett företags varumärke har visat sig avgörande för att skapa förtroende och advocacy- beteenden hos medarbetare. Detta möjliggör i sin tur för företag att befästa sin trovärdighet. / Introduction: Sustainability and CSR are today a matter of course in nordic companies. In recent years, an increase in consumers' willingness to pay more for sustainable products has also be observed. Companies that are perceived to be sustainable are thus more attractive to consumers, which has led companies to increasingly profile themselves as sustainable. However, there is reason to question whether a company's efforts are meant to benefit the purpose or the company’s interests. It can therefore be considered important to increase understanding of how these types of companies can consolidate their credibility. Internal alignment of a company's brand has proven to contribute to positive emotions and behavior among employees, which in turn enables employee advocacy among them. Employee advocacy can further enable a stronger competitiveness for companies, as messages conveyed by employees have a great impact and are perceived as credible. Purpose: To explain the relationship between internal-external brand alignment and employee advocacy in companies with a sustainability-oriented brand to create an understanding of how these types of companies can proceed to consolidate their credibility. Method: The study is of a quantitative nature and is based on a deductive research approach. The study's empirical data consist of 330 collected survey responses. Conclusions: The study accepts all hypotheses and thus confirms a relationship between internal-external brand alignment and employee advocacy, both directly and indirectly via the mediating variables of trust and brand commitment. The study thus confirms the previously stated reasoning, where internal alignment of a company's brand has proved crucial in creating trust and advocacy behaviors among employees. This in turn enables companies to consolidate their credibility.

Service firms increasingly need to rely on other attributes than traditional quality and performance of their service employees to become and stay truly competitive. Strong brands are essential for differentiation in today's marketplace and it becomes naturally important to align the customer contact employees with the company brand to ensure consistency in all communication externally. For a service firm employee to fully enact the brand and display on brand behavior outwards it is pivotal to make them truly committed to the brand and organization. Internal branding processes have been shown to be an enabler of employee commitment to the organizational brand. While internal branding is stated to have a connection to commitment, the concept as such is according to Meyer & Allen (1991) constituted by three dimensions, normative, affective and continuance commitment. The bulk of the existing research has so far focused on internal branding and commitment as a single construct and not these dimensions. Much of this research is in addition limited to a few service sectors.The aim of this study was to determine the components of internal branding in order to clarify the relationship between internal branding and brand commitment of customer contact employees. The empirical investigation was conducted in the retail sector from the perspective of the customer contact employee by the use of a self-completion questionnaire measuring the affective commitment of the employees and the presence of the internal branding activities. The conceptual model for the study shows hypothesized positive relationships between the four internal branding activities and affective commitment. However, while all internal branding activities were significantly present, only three of these were found to have a significant positive relationship to affective commitment, excluding internal communication.The conclusions of this study gives managers of customer contact employee’s insights about how to enable affective commitment through the use of internal branding. Our results show that brand oriented training, recruitment and leadership all have a significant impact on affective commitment of customer contact employees. Although they had similar Beta values, brand oriented leadership showed a slightly higher predicting power indicating that leadership can play a greater role regarding the affective commitment of customer contact employees.

In the business-to-business sector, the brand owner´s employees are increasingly playing a key role in terms of representing the brand to existing and potential customer. The role of a well-established internal brand equity can give a business-to Business Company the edge it needs in the market today. Internal branding has recently emerged as an important issue in industrial market. This study aims to find out how internal brand equity and its determinants affect the external brand equity of business-to-business companies. This study is based on previous research of internal brand equity in business-to-business setting. In this study four hypothesis were tested. Surveys were conducted among manufacturing and promotional companies in Sweden and Latvia, which resulted in 94 complete and useful response with a response-rate of 28.3%. The findings offer evidence, that internal brand equity with determinants have a great impact on the external brand equity of a firm.

In the business environment of today, competency-based organisations with a people- centric focus are at large becoming the norm and replacing task-based firms. This shift is driven by the benefits which the organisation can gain from leveraging the skills, attitudes, values and behaviours of its staff, through a competency-based approach (CBA). This approach can be described as a process where the attributes of the staff members, expressed as core competencies, are converted into capital stock of the firm. It is the success of this conversion that yields a competitive advantage for the firm, which past research has indicated lies at the core of the CBA. Similarly, another emerging trend for organisations of today is that of internal branding (IB). IB is a marketing approach where staff behaviour is aligned with the brand promise of the firm in order to enhance internal brand commitment (IBC) and ultimately staff performance. This concept has grown in relevance in an increasingly service centred economy, where the staff member is responsible for the delivery of the brand promise. Exploring the combined efforts of a CBA with that of IB has to date not yet been researched in detail. The basis of doing this is research is thus clear when evaluating the commonalities, as both approaches aim for alignment and leverage of staff attributes and behaviour ultimately resulting in IBC. The purpose of this study is to gain a deeper understanding of how a CBA, aided by IB as the operative factor, influence IBC. In order to fulfil this purpose, a qualitative study was conducted through semi-structured interviews with employees and managers at a service sector firm. The data collection was grounded in a conceptual model with a foundation in previous research, depicting IB as the operative factor through which core competencies impacted the attraction, selection and attrition, which are stages of the employee lifecycle. These interviews allowed us to gain a deeper understanding of our research phenomena and five underlying themes emerged. The themes were organisational context, competency-based approach, alignment and identification, development and participation and communities and communication. Our empirical findings indicated the interconnectedness and interdependence between these themes. The themes that emerged from our analysis formed the basis for our final conceptual model. This final model provided a visual depiction of the factors that are at play in the creation of IBC through a layered style approach. The findings of the study showed that for a CBA to be effective and successful, the IB components of communities and communication play an important part. Furthermore, the findings suggested that a CBA is a continuous process of influencing actions rather than a three-stage attraction, selection and attrition cycle. Our study highlighted the importance of alignment and integration of the organisation’s HR practices. Furthermore, our study demonstrated how CBA aided by IB can be entrenched in the organisation and influence IBC.

La presente tesis de investigación tiene como objetivo conocer cuál es la relación que existe entre el compromiso de marca, conocimiento de marca, boca a boca en redes sociales y la intención de compra en clientes de 25 a 45 años de cafeterías independientes en Lima, Perú. Para ello, se plantea como propósito el análisis de las acciones digitales que usan como estrategia de marketing en redes sociales las cafeterías independientes en el contexto descrito con la finalidad de dar a conocer sus resultados respecto de grandes empresas de la industria y cómo estos impactan en diversos elementos como el compromiso de marca, conocimiento de marca, boca a boca e intención de compra de clientes peruanos de café y conocer el comportamiento de este consumidor en sí. Con esto encontrar puntos de mejora que podrían aplicar en redes sociales para ser más competitivos y de esta manera mejorar su posicionamiento y conocimiento dentro del mercado peruano. Para ello, se realizó una investigación cuantitativa mediante encuestas realizadas a 300 personas pertenecientes al público objetivo de estudio y fueron divididas en 2 grupos según su género: Grupo 1 (150 mujeres) y Grupo 2 (150 hombres). Asimismo, con la finalidad de contar con un análisis y comprensión amplio del tema en estudio, se investigaron diversos temas relacionados, tales como el marketing digital y redes sociales, el mercado de café en el mundo, así como en el mercado peruano y su comercialización, entre otros. / The purpose of this research thesis is to know what is the relationship that exists between brand commitment, brand awareness, word of mouth on social networks and the intention of purchase in customers aged 25 to 45 years of independent coffee shops in Lima, Peru. To do this, the objective is to analyze the digital actions that independent coffee shops use as a strategy in the context described in order to publicize their weaknesses with respect to large companies in the industry and the points of improvement that can be applied to be more competitive. For this, a quantitative research was carried out through surveys carried out on 400 people belonging to the study's target audience and they were divided into 2 groups according to their gender: Group 1 (women) and Group 2 (men). Likewise, in order to have a broad analysis and understanding of the subject under study, various topics related to the thesis topic were investigated such as marketing and its evolution towards digital marketing and social networks, the coffee market in the world, as well as in the Peruvian market and its commercialization, among others. / Tesis

Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar el impacto del Social Media Marketing en las plataformas de micro-learning a través del Customer Brand Engagement y Brand Awareness. La muestra estuvo conformada por 220 estudiantes de plataformas de micro-learning que utilizan redes sociales en instituciones educativas. Debido a que el marketing en redes sociales y el compromiso con la marca del cliente son construcciones reflexivas de segundo orden, se adoptó el enfoque de dos etapas de los modelos jerárquicos con el modo A. Los resultados revelan que el marketing en redes sociales influye tanto en la construcción del compromiso de la marca del cliente como en el conocimiento de la marca entre los estudiantes en las plataformas de micro-learning. Además, se demostró que el compromiso con la marca del cliente es un mediador importante entre el marketing en redes sociales y el conocimiento de la marca. Las actividades de marketing en redes sociales llevadas a cabo por plataformas de micro-learning contribuyen a la generación de compromiso con la marca del cliente y al conocimiento de la marca de estas instituciones. Además, los resultados muestran que, aunque el marketing en redes sociales ayuda a generar conciencia de marca, es a través del compromiso con la marca del cliente que el marketing en redes sociales es más eficaz para generar conciencia de marca. Para las plataformas de micro-learning, los resultados les permiten comprender la importancia del compromiso de la marca con el cliente cuando se utiliza el marketing en redes sociales para generar conciencia de marca. / This study aims to analyze the impact of Social Media Marketing on micro-learning platforms through Customer Brand Engagement and Brand Awareness. The sample consisted of 220 students from micro-learning platforms using social media in educational institutions. Because social-media marketing and customer brand- engagement are second-order reflexive constructions, the two-stage approach of hierarchical models with mode - A was adopted. The results reveal that social media marketing influences both the building of customer brand engagement and brand awareness among students on micro-learning platforms. Furthermore, it was shown that customer brand engagement is an important mediator between social media marketing and brand awareness. Social-media marketing activities carried out by micro-learning platforms contribute to the generation of customer brand engagement and brand awareness of these institutions. Furthermore, the results show that, although social-media marketing helps to generate brand awareness, it is through customer brand engagement that social-media marketing is most effective in generating brand awareness. For micro-learning platforms, the results allow them to understand the importance of customer brand engagement when using social-media marketing to generate brand awareness. / Trabajo de investigación

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine how a company with a single brand is perceived as uniform, as well as how they use internal brand building to reconcile various competing actors within one brand. Furthermore the aim is to examine how staff, through internal brand building processes, perceives and identifies themself with the values of the common brand. Method: A case study with method triangulation was conducted at Nordiska Kompaniet department store in Stockholm. Quantitative data through a questionnaire survey with employees combined with two observations. Qualitative data was given through an email interview with a responsible manager of digital channels and PR from NK AB. Theories: This study has used the following theories; Destination marketing, Corporate brand, internal branding, corporate identity, corporate culture, brand value, service brand values, brand citizenship behaviour. Conclusion: This case study of NK has shown that internal branding building in a department store is a comprehensive work, which all involved must have a unified perception and understanding of the brand, in order to successful unite under one brand. Internal brand building is done primarily to employees through various recurrent trainings and meetings, with the purpose to create behaviour consistent with the brand values. However, there is a lack of communication since staff did not correctly perceive and understand the actual brand values. This results in that staff identify with incorrect values, which means that they have a brand citizenship behaviour that is not consistent with the brand values. / Syfte: Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur ett företag med ett gemensamt varumärke uppfattas som enhetligt, samt hur de använder intern varumärkesuppbyggnad för att förena olika konkurrerande aktörer under ett varumärke. Syftet är således att undersöka hur personalen med hjälp av intern varumärkesuppbyggnad, uppfattar och identifierar sig med det gemensamma varumärkets värden. Metod: En metodtriangulering genomfördes på Nordiska Kompaniet i Stockholm. Kvantitativ data gavs genom en enkätundersökning med anställda kombinerat med två observationer. Kvalitativa ansatsen var genom en e-post intervju med ansvarig chef för PR och digitala kanaler på NK AB. Teori: Studien har använt följande teorier; Destinationsmarknadsföring, företagsvarumärke, intern varumärkesuppbyggnad, företagsidentitet, företagskultur, varumärkesvärden, servicevarumärkets värden samt varumärkesorienterade beteende. Slutsats: Fallstudien på Nordiska Kompaniet har visat att intern varumärkesuppbyggnad i ett varuhus är ett omfattande arbete, där alla inblandade måste ha en enhetlig uppfattning och förståelse av varumärket, för att de framgångsrikt ska förenas under ett varumärke. Intern varumärkesuppbyggnad sker framförallt till anställda genom olika återkommande utbildningar och möten, för att således skapa ett beteende förenligt med varumärkets värden.  Däremot finns en brist i kommunikationen när personalen inte korrekt uppfattar och förstår varumärkets faktiska värden. Det leder till att personalen identifiera sig med felaktiga värden. Vilket gör att de uppvisar ett varumärkesorienterande beteende som inte är förenligt med varumärkets värden.