No description available.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T16:30:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo28_1.pdf: 7780876 bytes, checksum: 5b49612d8f1dd9241fda32dda84d1c41 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / O conhecimento das conseqüências do atual cenário econômico sobre o meio ambiente tem levantado questionamentos sobre diversas áreas de atividade humana, principalmente aquelas capazes de provocar impactos no equilíbrio dos ecossistemas naturais. Alcançando principalmente os profissionais voltados à definição dos produtos introduzidos no mercado, tais como os designers. Fatores como a globalização, têm permitido o rápido e fácil acesso de consumidores aos mais diversos produtos e das indústrias às tecnologias de ponta. É uma intensa entrada e saída de novos produtos no mercado e uma variedade que cresce, praticamente, a todo o momento. Essa grande variedade na oferta de produtos tornou a conquista de clientes em potencial uma verdadeira guerra entre pequenas, médias e grandes empresas. Designers, objetivando a sustentabilidade, conduzem suas propostas ao encontro de possíveis implicações que as mesmas causarão. Eles devem confrontar diferentes soluções para que estas se tornem técnica, econômica e socialmente aceitáveis, e devem ainda considerar, durante a concepção de produtos e serviços, todas as condicionantes que determinem o seu ciclo de vida. Esta pesquisa vem defender a proposta de que as questões ambientais devem ser inseridas no início do projeto a fim de estabelecer uma relação satisfatória, ao longo da sua vida útil, entre o produto e o meio ambiente. Para isso irá compreender como funciona o início do processo de desenvolvimento de produtos. E ao final irá apresentar uma proposta de ferramenta de apoio ao desenvolvimento de produtos orientados ao meio ambiente

Atlikta teisinių dokumentų ir mokslinės literatūros analizė. Atliktas empyrinis tyrimas. Peteiktos išvados. / The paper presents a theoretical analysis based on research of legal documents and academic literature and empirical research based on quantitative research strategy.

Construction projects experience design changes and much time and effort is put into trying to address fluctuations in client and project requirements; however, in many cases, insufficient value is delivered to the client. The successful use of Lean Management in the construction stage has opened up the possibility of using it in the design stage – thus helping to establish a systematic approach to managing construction projects and business. Attention is turning towards Lean Design Management to address deficiencies in the design phases that many would argue should have been dealt with in the early project delivery stages. Aspects of ineffective briefing process practice have been shown to have negative consequences and implications for the efficient performance of design management. The client is asked to provide requirements without ensuring that they have established sufficient knowledge of the project to do so. These requirements, most likely, will change then over time, because in most cases the initial decision was not made based on sufficient project knowledge or a well-established vision. The client needs to be made smarter and to learn about the building early on in the project, long before the architect sketches the concept design.

Since its inauguration in 1948, the National Health Service (NHS) has been providing “free at the point of delivery” healthcare to all UK citizens. However, lately, there has been unprecedented concern over the capability of most NHS hospitals to demonstrate best value in providing non-clinical service to NHS Trust customers. Demonstrating value is particularly important because of the current multi-billion pound expenditure towards modernising the healthcare service estate. Consequently, the present research aimed to respond to the need to demonstrate satisfactory Whole Life Value (WLV) delivery of healthcare facilities. This has been achieved by focusing on the improvement of front-end processes of construction briefing and optioneering, where most value can be embedded before progressing onto design and construction. The study reviewed extant literature in an attempt to construct a theoretical linkage between the three concepts of WLV, strategic briefing and optioneering. In addition, through a qualitative empirical study comprising interviews, workshops observations and a detailed case study, the same concepts were investigated within the context of NHS healthcare facilities. Key findings indicated that having a specific project strategy is vital to WLV delivery; and that selecting the right project and design options is dependent on first agreeing and clarifying a clinical service model/plan with clinicians. It was also found that improved construction briefing and optioneering involves adequately defining a customised whole life solution informed through purposeful communication and engagement with relevant stakeholders in contributing towards issues that directly affect how they use a healthcare facility. Another key finding was that WLV of healthcare facilities is defined through a whole life solution which is directly linked to its usefulness or utility value realisable by service users in achieving expected clinical outcomes over the facility's design life. Therefore, through briefing and optioneering, a healthcare facility's project strategy must be directly linked with specific needs and requirements (among other things) in order to reflect exactly what the stakeholders and end-users value in a healthcare built environment in the long term. These research findings were applied to inform the formulation of a better briefing and optioneering guidance framework applicable during project definition for satisfactory WLV delivery of healthcare schemes.

Briefing for a clinical simulation in nursing school is an information session that sets the stage for a meaningful simulation activity. Improper or inadequate briefing practices can impact the quality of learning nursing students receive through clinical simulation experience. The purpose of this study, guided by the novice to expert and social cognitive theories, was to explore accelerated baccalaureate nursing (ABN) students' perceptions of their briefing experiences and how the briefing experiences influenced the acquisition of clinical skills and knowledge. Twelve ABN students from a school of nursing in one of the Northeastern states were interviewed through e-mail correspondence. Thematic coding was conducted on the data and the themes derived were inconsistencies in briefing practices, a sense of uncertainty, and inefficient acquisition of clinical skills and knowledge. The inconsistencies in the practice of briefing varied between courses and instructors and improper briefing generated a sense of uncertainty among participants and feelings of ineffective acquisition of clinical skills and knowledge from simulations. The results will enable nurse educators in the local setting to improve briefing protocols and adhere to the briefing standards to facilitate students' learning. The use of rigorous research designs involving a larger sample size from multiple research sites in different geographical regions is recommended for future research to examine if this problem is relevant to all nursing schools. The implications for positive social change include the potential impact of proper briefing practices in enabling ABN students to acquire clinical skills and knowledge effectively so that they can safely provide quality care to their patients.

Nuclear power production carries potential risks both for the environment and for the work force. Different safety measures are employed and they stem from local rules as well as from regulatory authorities. This work describes the development of a safety promoting tool at Forsmark Power Plant, one of Sweden’s three Nuclear power plants. We describe the development of a computer based system for Pre-Job Briefing and Post-Job Debriefing. The organization at Forsmark did not have satisfactory routines and documentation for these operative work procedures, mainly because the large organization and the different sections function relatively independent from each other. Hence the working culture and organization has prevented the development of a unified work procedure for service and inspection work. This master thesis has two parts. A compilation has been made from multiple interviews in order to develop the requirements of a system for Pre-Job Briefing and Post-Job Debriefing. Following this an IT based system has been developed in order to handle the specified procedures. The concept of the user-centered system design process and usability methods has been used. The developed system has been met with acceptance and will be employed in production. It is concluded that the systematic analysis and the employment of the designed system may augment the ability for the organization at Forsmark to live up to the guidelines set by regulatory authorities and thereby create a more secure work environment and power production.

According to the different sources, transformation of educational system in Lithuania is analysed since XX century to nowaday. The parents opinion about transformation and development of educational system and the problems related with giving information analysed in Lithuanian and foreign investigative works is given in this master work. Parents briefing needs are dispute din the process of the educational reform. The investigation about parents briefing needs was done in this master work. Two methods: a questionnaire survey and a descriptive statistics were used for this investigation. It let ground the authors hypothesis: 1) Parents of students are more interested in aspects of education which are connected with their children; 2) Parents of students are less interested in aspects of education which are connected with functioning of education. Finally, the conclusion and suggestions related to searching materialis given in this master work.

Submitted by Maicon Juliano Schmidt (maicons) on 2015-03-30T14:40:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Fernando Stefano Kozenieski Alves de Oliveira.pdf: 5088719 bytes, checksum: 6c13bcd0bfc3e849a253c6a3d48062df (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-30T14:40:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fernando Stefano Kozenieski Alves de Oliveira.pdf: 5088719 bytes, checksum: 6c13bcd0bfc3e849a253c6a3d48062df (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-07-31 / Nenhuma / O design pode ser caracterizado como uma atividade que trabalha com processos que visam à construção de projetos. Ao longo dos tempos, os designers vêm utilizando ferramentas a fim de auxiliar na resolução desses projetos, fornecendo respostas para problemas de design. Dentro de uma perspectiva estratégica, esses processos muitas vezes são representados em uma etapa denominada Metaprojeto, que pretende refletir sobre o problema de design. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho apresenta a investigação realizada sobre dois momentos da etapa metaprojetual, dentro de um Workshop de design: o briefing e o contrabriefing. Esse trabalho partiu dos seguintes questionamentos: De que modo o briefing é construído em um processo de projeto de design? Como se dá esse processo, e quem são seus atores? Como representar um briefing? Assim, a pesquisa tem como objetivo compreender o processo de construção e apresentação do briefing, e o contrabriefing como o espaço para um eventual reposicionamento do problema, dentro do Workshop de design. Para atender ao objetivo adotou-se o estudo de caso como metodologia de pesquisa. O estudo constitui na articulação entre o referencial teórico e o trabalho de campo. O referencial teórico abordou como itens: Um novo olhar sobre o design (Design Estratégico); Problema de design; Informação; Briefing. Os estudos de caso foram construídos por meio da observação de quatro Workshops realizados na Escola de Design Unisinos e seus documentos, além de entrevistas com os coordenadores dos mesmos. Os resultados obtidos permitem avaliar a importância que a construção e apresentação do briefing têm sobre o processo de projeto e, principalmente, sobre o resultado projetual. É possível compreender, da mesma maneira, em que tempo e de que modo o contrabriefing pode ser apresentado como uma forma de reposicionar o problema de design. Além disso, evidencia-se a articulação entre teorias comunicacionais e o Design Estratégico a fim de abrir um espaço para reflexões sobre o problema de design. Estabelece-se dessa forma, a importância do Metaprojeto como uma etapa construtiva e reflexiva no processo de projeto de design. / We can characterize design as an activity that works with processes aimed at constructing projects. Over time, designers have used tools that help them accomplish such projects, while providing answers to design problems. From a strategic outlook, such processes are oftentimes represented in a stage called Metaproject, meant to ponder about the given design problem. In this context, this paper presents the investigation carried out with respect to two points during the metaproject stage in a design Workshop: the briefing and the counter-briefing. This paper started from the following questions: how is the briefing constructed in a design project process? How does that process take place, and who are its players? How do we represent a briefing? Hence, the purpose of this study is to understand the process of putting together and presenting the briefing and the counter-briefing as the space where the problem may be occasionally repositioned in the design Workshop. To meet our goal, case studies were adopted as research method. The study makes use of both the theoretical reference and field work. The items addressed by the theoretical reference are: A new outlook on design (Strategic Design); Design problem; Information; Briefing. Case studies were put together by means of attending four Workshops held at the Unisinos Design School and going over their papers, in addition to interviews with the Workshop coordinators. The results obtained allow us to assess how important putting together the briefing and presenting it are for the project process and, particularly, for the project results. Likewise, we are able to understand when and how the counter-briefing can be presented as a way to reposition the design problem. Furthermore, we show the interrelation between communication theories and Strategic Design so that we can make room for discussing the design problem. The importance of the Meta-project is thus established as a constructive, pondering stage in the design project process.

This thesis focuses upon the abilities of children with severe learning difficulties to contemplate the psychological states of other people, what is often referred to in the literature as 'mindreading' (Whiten and Perner, 1991). The first section contains a review of the literature on children's developing understanding of the mind and their conceptual representational abilities. This is followed by two studies investigating non-learning disabled children's abilities to attribute first-and second-order false belief. The first of these uses an adaptation of the Sally-Anne test (Baron-Cohen, et al., 1985). The second study uses an original false belief story scenario, which involves children in drama. The researcher uses a technique called 'split-briefing' to provide children with first-hand experience of first-and second-order false belief. Simplified versions of the two false belief story scenarios are then used with children with severe learning difficulties to investigate their abilities to represent first-and second-order false belief. The relationship between children's scores on belief attribution tasks and their scores on tests of non-verbal intellectual reasoning (Ravens Coloured Matrices) and receptive language ability (TROG) is also examined in this study. The third section outlines the findings of a questionnaire-based study examining parental reports of spontaneous internal state use by two groups of children: non-learning disabled children aged 1-5 years and pupils with Down's Syndrome aged 4-19 years with severe learning difficulties. 'Internal state language' is language which refers to intentions, cognitions and feeling states (Bretherton and Beeghly, 1981). This is followed by a further investigation of internal state language among a group of students with severe learning difficulties. This study uses a series of playlets written by the author to provide students with an interactive, participatory medium in which to draw their attention to people's internal states. The thesis concludes with a final statement on research into the social-cognitive development of children with severe learning difficulties, with recommendations for future research and intervention.