A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo descrever descrever e interpretar o trabalho do dirigente na preparação e avaliação do desempenho organizacional da pequena empresa. Como objetivos específicos buscou compreender a natureza do processo estratégico na pequena empresa; compreender como é feito o acompanhamento do desempenho organizacional; e compreender o trabalho do dirigente pela descrição dos papéis desempenhados. Na revisão de estado da arte foram encontradas diferentes perspectivas de estudo, no entanto, a perspectiva que trata especificamente do dirigente da pequena empresa e o desempenho organizacional, que pode sucintamente ser compreendida como uma orientação estratégica da empresa, foi a escolhida para tema desta pesquisa. Quanto aos métodos, a pesquisa pode ser caracterizada pelos seus fins em descritiva; pelos procedimentos de estudo multicasos; com abordagem qualitativa. Como técnicas de coleta de dados foram utilizadas a entrevista e a observação estruturada. Na análise dos dados foi utilizada a técnica de análise de conteúdo. O resultado principal da pesquisa é uma descrição do trabalho do dirigente da pequena empresa a partir da abordagem dos papéis de Minztberg (1973) e a orientação no desempenho organizacional. Também se obteve como resultado uma análise comparativa da incidência dos papéis no estudo de Minztberg (1973) e nos dirigentes analisados neste estudo, bem como uma comparação dos resultados dessa pesquisa com outras pesquisas relevantes no tema trabalho do dirigente da pequena empresa. / This study aimed to describe describe and interpret the work of the small business manager and the preparation and evaluation of organizational performance of small company. The specific objectives sought to understand the nature of the strategic process in small business; understand how is the monitoring of organizational performance, and understand the job description in accordance with Mintzberg´s ten roles. In reviewing the state of the art found different perspectives of the study, however, the prospect that deals specifically with the manager of the small business and organizational performance, which can briefly be understood as a strategic orientation of the company, was the theme chosen for this research. Regarding methods, research can be characterized by its descriptive purposes in; procedures by multicase study, using a qualitative approach. As data collection techniques were used structured interviews and observation. In the data analysis we used the technique of content analysis. The main result of this research is a job description of the director of small business from the approach papers Minztberg (1973) and guidance on organizational performance. Also, as a result, was obtained a comparative analysis of the role´s incidence in the study of Minztberg (1973) with the role´s incidence of the managers examined in this study and other relevants studies which the main topic is the small business manager.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-03T18:35:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ednilson_Santos_e_Silva.pdf: 2245665 bytes, checksum: e85e9aab4a239d5fa002753918a76b26 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-04-25 / The competitiveness and the search for better results are motivating factors in any type of organization. The micro companies and small business companies also are stimulated by these same factors, beyond the guarantee of its continuity. The objective of this work was to evaluate the management of the micro companies and commercial small business companies in the sector of auto parts in the city of Guarulhos how much its tack the models of measurement of performance. The hypotheses of the research correlated the companies as to the time of existence and number of employees; the main manager as to its qualification (school level) and previous experience in the branch to the adapted criteria of excellency for the reality of the companies. These criteria had been models of measurement, leadership, strategies and plans, customers, information and knowledge, people and processes. Of the population of 403 classified establishments as retail of auto parts, 27 companies had accepted to participate of interviews structuralized through a form consisting of 26 questions based on the evaluation of the National Quality Prize. The data gotten through the interviews had been treated statistically by non-parametric tests, the data are nominal. The qui-square test was used to explain and test the relation of dependence between the variables and the V of Cram??r, the correlation degree. Based on the tests, the work evidenced a distance of the population to the criteria for the performance management / A competitividade e a busca por resultados melhores s??o fatores motivadores em qualquer tipo de organiza????o. As microempresas e empresas de pequeno porte tamb??m s??o impulsionadas por estes mesmos fatores, al??m da garantia de sua continuidade. O objetivo deste trabalho era avaliar a gest??o das microempresas e empresas de pequeno porte comerciais no setor de autope??as na cidade de Guarulhos quanto a sua ader??ncia a modelos de mensura????o de desempenho. As hip??teses da pesquisa correlacionavam as empresas quanto a seu tempo de exist??ncia e n??mero de funcion??rios; o principal gestor, quanto a sua qualifica????o (escolaridade) e experi??ncia anterior no ramo, aos crit??rios de excel??ncia adaptados para a realidade das empresas. Estes crit??rios foram: modelos de mensura????o, lideran??a, estrat??gias e planos, clientes, informa????es e conhecimento, pessoas e processos. Da popula????o de 403 estabelecimentos classificados como varejo de autope??as, 27 empresas aceitaram participar de entrevistas estruturadas atrav??s de um formul??rio contendo 26 quest??es baseadas na avalia????o do Pr??mio Nacional da Qualidade. Os dados obtidos nas entrevistas foram tratados estatisticamente por meio de testes n??o param??tricos, haja vista os dados serem nominais. O teste qui-quadrado foi utilizado para aferir a rela????o de depend??ncia entre as vari??veis e o V de Cram??r, o grau de correla????o. Apurados os testes, o trabalho evidenciou um distanciamento da popula????o dos crit??rios para a gest??o de desempenho.

Esta pesquisa exploratória investigou como a filosofia de gestão de pessoas influencia a estratégia e a performance organizacional -_ um fenômeno contemporâneo de bastante interesse, não apenas da academia como também do ponto de vista da prática organizacional, devido à distância considerável entre a teoria e a prática da gestão estratégica de pessoas. Utilizou-se o método de estudo de multicasos com abordagem qualitativa, enfoque indutivo e perspectiva histórica, possibilitando, assim, maior abrangência analítica entre diferentes aspectos do fenômeno ocorrido ao longo da trajetória das quatro organizações estudadas. Trata-se de empresas de sucesso internacionalmente reconhecido que operam em diferentes setores, possuem configurações organizacionais distintas e têm suas origens na Austrália, Brasil, Canadá e Dinamarca. Os dados, oriundos de múltiplas fontes, foram coletados por meio de quatro técnicas distintas, incluindo a condução de 45 entrevistas semi-estruturadas e em profundidade com gerentes e não gerentes das quatro organizações. Os dados foram organizados por temas e categorias utilizando-se software específico para análise de pesquisa qualitativa. O mapeamento visual de dados longitudinais contribuiu para a síntese dos casos investigados e para a geração de insights. Os resultados desta pesquisa ilustram que a filosofia de gestão de pessoas, ou seja, o significado das pessoas no trabalho para os dirigentes da organização pode influenciar tanto a política e a estratégia de gestão de pessoas, como também, de forma significativa, o processo da estratégia e a performance organizacional ao longo da trajetória das empresas. A filosofia de gestão de pessoas pode também interferir na forma de interpretação do conceito de profissionalização ou modernização da gestão e na aplicação das ferramentas e modelos de gestão propostos pela academia. É curioso observar que, enquanto a literatura defende o alinhamento da gestão de pessoas a partir da estratégia empresarial como fórmula para o sucesso da organização, este estudo empírico aponta o sentido inverso da relação. Ou seja, a força motriz que define o alinhamento entre estratégia e gestão de pessoas nas empresas estudadas não tem sua base na estratégia empresarial, mas, sim, na filosofia de gestão de pessoas, aspecto esse que influencia de forma significativa, para não afirmar que determina a estratégia e o sucesso das organizações. Apesar de fazer sentido e de ocorrer na prática organizacional, tal possibilidade não está presente nos modelos de integração propostos pela literatura. / The theory and practice of strategic human resource management this research question is a contemporary issue of great interest not only from academics but also practitioners. On one hand researches and executives consider people as strategic assets and the source of sustainable business, but on the other hand the considerable gap between theory and practice remains a challenge. Therefore, this international muticase study investigated how the HR philosophy influences organizational strategy and business performance. By applying qualitative and inductive approach with a historical perspective, this exploratory research allowed a comprehensive analysis of various aspects of the research phenomenon occurred along the course of the four organizations. They are successful companies operating in different sectors, with very different organizational configurations. The cases are from Australia, Brazil, Canada and Denmark. The primary and secondary data, from multiple sources, were collected by four different techniques, including 45 semi-structured and in-depth interviews with managers and non-managers from these four organizations. Data were organized by themes and categories using specific software for qualitative research analysis. The visual mapping of historical data helped build and present the case studies and generate insights. The results of this research show that the HR philosophy, that is, the meaning of people at work for the leadership, influences not only the HR policy & strategy, but significantly the organizational strategy process and business performance over the organizational life time, including the way leadership interprets the concept of management professionalization and implements management models & tools proposed by the academy. It is interesting to note that while the literature suggests the alignment of HRM from the business strategy, this empirical study shows the opposite direction of the relationship, that is, the driving force that defines the alignment between strategy and HRM is not the business strategy, but the HR philosophy, which strongly influenced, not to say that determined the strategy and success of organizations. Despite making sense, this possibility is not considered in the many models of people strategy performance integration proposed by the literature.

Cette recherche a pour objectif clé de créer un modèle conceptuel et numérique, basé sur le machine learning, permettant aux académiques et praticiens de repenser le management stratégique mais aussi de prédire l’évolution de la performance organisationnelle (e.g., la profitabilité) en fonction de la variation des facteurs organisationnels étudiés (alignement stratégique, capacités stratégiques).Cette thèse compare et intègre deux approches conceptuelles (approche par les ressources et la théorie de la contingence) et deux approches analytiques (linéaire et non linéaire).Le modèle développé appelé MSM (Modèle de Management Stratégique) est basé sur les données recueillies auprès de 239 hauts dirigeants, les résultats montrent que le MSM capture la non-linéarité (complexité) de l’organisation et offre une bonne capacité de prédiction des performances de l’entreprise basée sur les variables du MSM. De plus, les résultats suggèrent que les approches basées sur les ressources et la contingence devraient être considérées comme complémentaires plutôt que comme des approches concurrentes. / A key goal for this dissertation has been to create a conceptual and numerical model based on machine learning that allows leaders and scholars to reimagine strategic management, and predict the evolution of organizational performance (e.g., profitability) based on the variation of the considered organizational factors (strategic alignment, strategic capabilities).This dissertation compares and integrates two conceptual (resource-based and contingency-based), and two analytical (linear and nonlinear) approaches.The model developed called MSM (Model of Strategic Management) was validated using the data gathered from 239 senior executives, the results showed that MSM captures the organization nonlinearity (complexity) and offers a good prediction capability of firm performance based on the MSM variables. Also, the results suggest that resource-based and contingency-based should be viewed as complementary instead of competing approaches.

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2016-07-15T16:32:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Paulo Fernando de Lucca Candia_.pdf: 1282320 bytes, checksum: c009f19ebfa998ca1088d2d278cdaccc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-15T16:32:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Paulo Fernando de Lucca Candia_.pdf: 1282320 bytes, checksum: c009f19ebfa998ca1088d2d278cdaccc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-19 / Nenhuma / A presente pesquisa consiste em um estudo transversal de cunho descritivo aplicado nas empresas componentes do cluster de Automação e Controle do Estado do RS. Seu objetivo é analisar se a tipologia estratégica desenvolvida por Desarbo et al. (2005) é capaz de diferenciar as estratégias de adaptação das empresas componentes da amostra considerada, bem como entender as relações existentes entre as capacidades estratégicas, as incertezas ambientais percebidas e o desempenho organizacional sob a ótica dos gestores estratégicos. Através de uma abordagem quantitativa, o estudo submeteu à amostra estudada o questionário proposto por Desarbo et al. (2005) com inserções e adaptações sugeridas pelo autor. Os dados obtidos foram então organizados e submetidos a um conjunto de procedimentos estatísticos – dentre os quais se destacam a estatística descritiva, a análise de conglomerados, a ANOVA e as análises de correlação e de regressão – com vistas a testar e validar as hipóteses investigadas. Os resultados encontrados permitem identificar diferenças nos processos de adaptação estratégica das empresas do cluster. Entretanto, não foi revelada nenhuma correlação significativa das capacidades estratégicas e incertezas com o desempenho organizacional não sendo possível, portanto, estabelecer qualquer modelo preditivo que pudesse explicar a variação do desempenho organizacional (variável dependente) pela variação dos níveis das capacidades estratégicas e das incertezas ambientais (variáveis independentes). / This research consists of a cross-sectional study with descriptive nature applied to the cluster Automação e Controle RS. Its goal is to analyze whether the strategic typology developed by Desarbo et al. (2005) is able to differentiate adaptation strategies in the companies which are part of the sample, as well as understand the relationship among strategic capabilities, environmental uncertainties and firm performance from the perspective of strategic management. Thru a quantitative approach, this study used the framework proposed by Desarbo et al. (2005) with some additions and adaptations suggested by the author. The data collected were organized and submitted to a set of statistical procedures - including descriptive statistic, cluster analysis, ANOVA and correlation and regression analysis - in order to test and validate the hypotheses investigated. It was possible to identify differences in the strategic adjustment processes in the cluster. However, no significant correlation among strategic capabilities, uncertainties and organizational performance was revealed. Because of this, no predictive model that explained the variation in the organizational performance (dependent variable) by varying the levels of strategic capabilities and environmental uncertainties (independent variables) was suggested.

Small auto repair business owners need strong operational skills; however, some lack expertise in managerial strategy. The purpose of this multiple case study was to identify managerial strategies small auto repair business owners use to sustain businesses in Columbus, Ohio with respect to strategy, time management, and alteration of value chain services. Based on the Vroom expectancy theory of motivation, small auto repair business owners may use effectiveness and efficiency of business performance with particular emphasis on managerial strategic development and execution to enhance financial results and rewards. Data collection involved face-to-face, semistructured interviews with 5 small auto repair business owners. Analysis of the interview transcripts involved coding data to identify key themes. Themes that emerged from the study included effective managerial strategies for small auto repair business owners, business plans, initial challenges and addressing subsequent changes, education and certification, customer satisfaction and business knowledge, and financial analysis and reporting. Recommendations for enhanced small auto repair business ownership focus included adequate access to resources to achieve operational competence and achieve managerial success. Findings from this study might engender positive social change by providing owners of small auto repair businesses ways to improve planning processes and make prudent investments to ensure long-term, viable, and sustainable businesses.

Small businesses are considered the backbone of the U.S. economy with significant contributions in the areas of job creation and economic development. However, 79% of small businesses fail within the first 5 years. This multiple case study aimed to explore strategies and knowledge of resources that owners of small businesses used to sustain business operations for longer than the first 5 years. The population included 5 minority owners of small businesses in Texas. Chaos theory formed the conceptual framework. The data collection process included semistructured interviews, member checks, field notes, company artifacts, and archival documents. Data were analyzed using Yin's data analysis steps of compiling, disassembling, reassembling, interpreting, and concluding. Three themes emerged from the analysis: effective management of the business environment, effective planning, and business owners' skills and knowledge. The U.S. Small Business Administration, local chambers of commerce, and owners of small businesses may benefit from the findings of this study by gaining an understanding of successful minority owners of small businesses' implemented strategies that enable business success and profitability. The implications of this study for positive social change include identifying sustainable strategies minority owners of small businesses can use to advance business growth, increase financial security, achieve employee job sustainability, and potentially stimulate the local community with job creation.

本研究之主要目的在探討：服務傳送系統的意義與內涵為何？有線電視系統業者的服務傳送系統應該如何設計，方可導致良好的企業經營績效？有線電視系統業者將來在關於服務傳送系統上，重要的發展計劃為何？ 　　針對上述研究目的，以全省有線電視系統業者為對象抽樣，發出問卷107份，回收有效問卷27份。經由文獻探討，以及因素分析、集群分析、單因子多變量變異數分析、主成份分析、變異數分析，獲致下列發現： 　　1. 服務傳送系統的意義是“用系統的觀點來看前場服務之提供”。就此系統的目標而言，是提供服務去滿足顧客的需求；就其組成要素而言，可以用7Ps來表示，包括：產品或服務、訂價、地點或通路（含實體設備、環境及氣氛）、促銷、銷售過程、顧客參與、服務人員，而這些要素彼此之間有交互影響的關係。 　　2. 影響CATV系統業者設計其服務傳送系統型態的七個重要因素：注重客戶服務因素、不走低價競爭因素、注重節目因素、注重促銷因素、注重播送設備優劣因素、跟隨競爭者訂價策略、注重頻道數目眾多因素。 　　3. 將CATV系統業者就其服務傳送方式予以分群，可得到下列主要的六大集群： 　　一、強調節目，跟隨訂價群 　　二、不注重服務傳送系統群 　　三、頻道數目多，畫質佳群 　　四、全面重視6Ps，且價格稍高群 　　五、重服務、頻道多，跟隨訂價群 　　六、注重軟體群 　　其中第一、四、五、六群的績效較佳（績優組），第二和三群的績效較差（不良組）。 　　4. 績優組與不良組在服務傳送系統的作為上，主要是在“注重客戶服務”、“不走低價競爭”與“注重節目”三個因素有顯著差異。 　　5. 未來CATV系統業者有關服務傳送系統的重要計劃 　　在節目方面，未來十分強調自製節目的重要性，並將朝地方性、顧客參與性、文化知性及常態化的方向來努力。 　　在客戶服務方面，較注重提供資訊服務，以及透過市調、開放外界人士參觀、參與地方活動等方式，來加強與地方的互動程度。 　　在訂價方面，部分業者表示未來將朝分級收費、合理訂價來努力。 　　在促銷方面，較注重發行刊物、與異業合作設立有線電視加盟店，以及透過舉辦地方性活動來塑造公司形象。 　　在服務人員方面，由於目前有線電視人才普遍不足，所以加強人才培訓為各家系統業者的當前要務。 　　在服務流程方面，業者正朝向制定出一套完善、確實、電腦化的作業流程而努力。 / The purposes of this paper are: What is the service delivery system? What's the relationdhip between the service delivery system and the business's performance? The discories are: 　　1. The meaning of service delivery system is: To view the providing of front offece service with the point of view of system. The objective of the system is to satisfy the customers' demand. The subsystems are: product, pricing, place, promotion, process, participant and people. 　　2. There are 7 factors to affact CATV system operators designing their service delivery systems: emphasizing client service factor, resisting low price competition factor, emphasizing programs factor, emphasizing promotion factor, emphasizing equipment factor, emphasizing the numbers of channel, price following factor. 　　3. The are 6 groups: 1)emphsizing program, price following group 2)taking little consider of service delivery system group 3)many channels group 4)good service delivery system ,and high pricing group 5)emphasing service and channel, price following group 6)emphasing software group

<p>The purpose of this thesis is to present an approach for good practice with regards to using cost benefit analysis (CBA) as a value-adding activity in the information security investment process for large enterprises. The approach is supported by empirical data.</p><p>From a MIO model perspective, this report is focused on the phase of strategic choices regarding organization, i.e. trying to find optimal investments for efficient operations. To assess, improve and monitor the operational effectiveness and management’s internal control environment is essential in today’s business execution. Executive management and boards are increasingly looking for an information security governance framework that encompasses information technology and information security: a single framework through which all information assets and activities within the organisation can be governed, to provide the optimum capability for meeting the organisation’s objectives, in terms of functionality and security.</p><p>The investment decision is one of the most visible and controversial key decisions in an enterprise. Some projects are approved, others are bounced, and the rest enter the organisational equivalent of suspended animation with the dreaded request from the decision makers to “redo the business case” or “provide more information.”</p><p>The concept of cost benefit analyses of information security helps management to make decisions on which initiatives to fund with how much, as there needs to be an approach for measuring and comparing different alternatives and how they meet business objectives of the enterprise. Non-financial metrics are identified using different approaches: governance effectiveness, risk analysis, business case analysis or game theory. The financial performance metrics are driven by the main value disciplines of an enterprise. These lead to the use of formulas enabling the measurement of asset utilisation, profit or growth: ROI (ROIC), NPV, IRR (MIRR), FCF, DCF, Payback Period, TCO, TBO, EVA, and ROSI.</p><p>The author shows research in the field of good corporate governance and the investment approval process, as well as case studies from two multinational enterprises. The case from Motorola demonstrates how IT governance principles are equally applicable to information security governance, while the case from Ericsson demonstrates how an information security investment decision can be supported by performing a cost benefit analysis using traditional marketing approaches of business case analysis (BCA) and standard financial calculations.</p><p>The suggested good practice presented in this thesis is summarised in four steps:</p><p>1. Understand main rationale for the security investment</p><p>2. Identify stakeholders and strategic goals</p><p>3. Perform Cost Benefit Analysis (non-financial and financial performance metrics)</p><p>4. Validate that the results are relevant to stakeholders and strategic goals</p><p>DISCLAIMER</p><p>This report is intended for academic training only and should not be used for any other purposes. The contents are not to be considered legal or otherwise professional advice. No liability is taken, whatsoever, by the author.</p>

The purpose of this thesis is to present an approach for good practice with regards to using cost benefit analysis (CBA) as a value-adding activity in the information security investment process for large enterprises. The approach is supported by empirical data. From a MIO model perspective, this report is focused on the phase of strategic choices regarding organization, i.e. trying to find optimal investments for efficient operations. To assess, improve and monitor the operational effectiveness and management’s internal control environment is essential in today’s business execution. Executive management and boards are increasingly looking for an information security governance framework that encompasses information technology and information security: a single framework through which all information assets and activities within the organisation can be governed, to provide the optimum capability for meeting the organisation’s objectives, in terms of functionality and security. The investment decision is one of the most visible and controversial key decisions in an enterprise. Some projects are approved, others are bounced, and the rest enter the organisational equivalent of suspended animation with the dreaded request from the decision makers to “redo the business case” or “provide more information.” The concept of cost benefit analyses of information security helps management to make decisions on which initiatives to fund with how much, as there needs to be an approach for measuring and comparing different alternatives and how they meet business objectives of the enterprise. Non-financial metrics are identified using different approaches: governance effectiveness, risk analysis, business case analysis or game theory. The financial performance metrics are driven by the main value disciplines of an enterprise. These lead to the use of formulas enabling the measurement of asset utilisation, profit or growth: ROI (ROIC), NPV, IRR (MIRR), FCF, DCF, Payback Period, TCO, TBO, EVA, and ROSI. The author shows research in the field of good corporate governance and the investment approval process, as well as case studies from two multinational enterprises. The case from Motorola demonstrates how IT governance principles are equally applicable to information security governance, while the case from Ericsson demonstrates how an information security investment decision can be supported by performing a cost benefit analysis using traditional marketing approaches of business case analysis (BCA) and standard financial calculations. The suggested good practice presented in this thesis is summarised in four steps: 1. Understand main rationale for the security investment 2. Identify stakeholders and strategic goals 3. Perform Cost Benefit Analysis (non-financial and financial performance metrics) 4. Validate that the results are relevant to stakeholders and strategic goals DISCLAIMER This report is intended for academic training only and should not be used for any other purposes. The contents are not to be considered legal or otherwise professional advice. No liability is taken, whatsoever, by the author.