Tyrimo aktualumas. Karjeros pasirinkimas yra viena aktualiausių problemų, nuo kurios tinkamo sprendimo priklauso žmogaus asmeninės gerovės augimas. Todėl labai svarbu, kad jau pats pirmasis jaunuolio apsisprendimas būtų sąmoningas, tikslingas, kad suprastų, jog adaptacija darbo pasaulyje ir asmenybės vidinė harmonija priklauso nuo tinkamo apsisprendimo. Tyrimo objektas – Šiaulių universiteto socialinių mokslų ir menų fakultetų studentų karjeros rinkimosi veiksniai. Darbo tyrimo tikslas buvo palyginti socialinių mokslų ir menų fakultetų studentus karjeros rinkimosi veiksnius. Tyrimo metodai: mokslinė literatūros analizė; anketinė apklausa naudota Beresnevičienės D. sudaryta metodika (1995); kiekybinė tyrimo duomenų analizei buvo naudota „SPSS 11,0 for Windows„ programa bei „MS Exel“ paveikslėliai. / Relevance of the Survey. Career selection is one of the most relevant problems; the appropriate decision has an influence on the growth of personal wealth. Therefore it is very important, that the first decision of the schoolchild is conscious, purposeful with understanding that adaptation in the labour market as well as internal harmony of personality depends upon suitable decision. Object of the Survey – career selection factors of students from Faculty of Social Sciences and Faculty of Arts at Siauliai University. Aim of the Survey – to compare career selection factors of students from Faculty of Social Sciences and Faculty of Arts. Methods of the Survey: scientific literature analysis; questionnaire was performed using methodology, prepared by D. Beresneviciene (1995); quantitative research data analysis was performed using SPSS 11.0 for Windows and MS Excel images.

Profesijos pasirinkimas yra viena aktualiausių problemų visame pasaulyje, nuo kurios tinkamo sprendimo priklauso žmogaus asmeninė gerovė. Labai svarbu, kad jaunuolio karjeros apsisprendimas būtų sąmoningas, tikslingas. Tai tampa dar svarbiau integruojantis į Europos Sąjungą. Jaunimui atsiveria didesnės galimybės pasirinkti profesiją, tačiau kartu padidėja individualios kompetencijos ir asmeninės atsakomybės reikšmė. Jau pagrindinės mokyklos vyresnių klasių mokiniams tenka priimti svarbius savo gyvenime sprendimus: baigus aštuonias klases tęsti mokslą pagrindinėje mokykloje (kurioje yra ir 9–10 klasės) ar stoti į gimnaziją (akademinės ar profesinės krypties). Mokykla yra pagrindinė ugdymo institucija, kuri turėtų padėti apsispręsti. Ugdymo (si) karjerai paskirtis – padėti mokiniui pažinti save, savo gebėjimus ir galimybes, norus ir lūkesčius, ugdytis karjeros kompetenciją. Todėl labai svarbu išskirti veiksnius, kurie yra susiję su sėkmingos karjeros projektavimu ir profesijos pasirinkimu paauglystėje. / Choosing a career is one of the most relevant problems all over the world as wellbeing of a person depends on his or her suitable decision. It is very important that the decision of a youngster is conscious and purposeful. It becomes even more important as we are more and more integrated into the European Union. Youth are faced with greater possibilities to choose a career, however, the importance of individual competence and personal responsibility is increased at the same time. Even the pupils in the higher forms of the lower secondary school have to take important decisions for their lives: to continue education in the lower secondary school (comprising forms 9–10) after finishing eight forms or enter the gymnasium (of academic or vocational focus). School is the main education institution which could help to make a decision. The purpose of training for career is to help a pupil to know himself or herself, his or her abilities and possibilities, wishes and expectations and to build career competence. Therefore, it is of the utmost importance to identify the factors related with successful career guidance and choosing of a career in adolescence.

The single most common decision that people between the ages of 16 years and 22 years need to make is that of their career choice. Research in the field of career guidance has shown that the world of work is changing. It is generally accepted that an individual will be presented with many opportunities in the world of work and these give rise to the notion of multiple careers. To predict accurately what these opportunities might be is impractical and naive, if not impossible. Career guidance counsellors are now expected to understand the interrelationships between occupations and occupational groups; an understanding that is vital when providing a comprehensive and realistic career guidance service. The career guidance processes or programs that counsellors use, need to allow for the identification of base or entry level careers that will provide opportunity for both horizontal and vertical career movement. While the schooling system has traditionally been the primary role player in preparing learners for the world of work, recent budgetary cuts have forced schools to focus on academic subjects, and, as a result, career guidance as a subject has become ancillary to the school syllabus. This situation is unlikely to be remedied unless career guidance becomes an examinable subject as are mathematics, physical science, biology and so on. A literature study surrounding career guidance practices in South Africa and career choice and development theories from around the world, suggest that existing career guidance programs in South Africa need to be restructured to allow for a more comprehensive solution for learners, that need to make a career choice. The "PACE" career guidance program was designed to enhance the career knowledge of learners, increase their self awareness in relation to careers, and ultimately to accelerate the career maturity process. Learners from schools in East London were exposed to the program, with the intention of determining the effect of the program on their career maturity levels. Whilst certain elements which constitute career maturity were not influenced by the program, results obtained from the research indicated a significant increase in the overall career maturity level of these learners. Resulting from this dissertation, recommendations have been made relating to the length of a career guidance program, the point of departure and the point of exit, the importance of balancing realism with circumstances, and the necessity for career guidance practitioners to possess a thorough understanding of careers and the various paths that careers may follow. Suggestions regarding further research in the area of career guidance are also provided. / Thesis (M.A. (Industrial Psychology))--Potchefstroom University for Christian Higher Education, 2003

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Syftet med detta arbete var att skapa en bild av studie- och yrkesvägledares egen syn på behov av och möjligheter till kompetensutveckling, detta i förhållande till de kunskaper och färdigheter som de själva och gällande bestämmelser säger behövs för att klara av yrkets utmaningar. För att uppnå syftet och för att få svar på frågeställningarna valdes en kvalitativ intervjustudie med 15 stycken utbildade yrkesverksamma studie- och yrkesvägledare och 5 stycken skolledare. När det gällde kompetensutveckling uttryckte samtliga respondenter i studien framförallt att för dem innebar det annat än kunskaper som utvecklas genom utbildning. Det de såg som kompetensutveckling var snarare egenskaper, erfarenheter och värderingar hos vägledaren som kunde utvecklas genom arbetet och samspelet med klienter och kollegor. Denna brist på kunskap hos vägledarna själva om de kunskaper de kan utveckla sina kompetenser inom kan ses bero på det faktum att studie- och yrkesvägledare inte har en arbetsbeskrivning för sitt yrke. Hade vägledarna haft en sådan skulle det vara enklare för dem att veta och visa på vilka kunskaper de bör ha i yrket, och vad de behöver kompetensutveckling inom. Att ungefär hälften av respondenterna saknade utvecklingsplan tyder även det på behovet av detta. En utvecklingsplan skulle då kunna kopplas till arbetsbeskrivningen för att få större tyngd. Respondenterna är rörande överens om att grundutbildning, återkommande kompetensutveckling och livslångt lärande tillhör de viktigaste framgångsfaktorerna för dem för att klara sig i sitt yrke i dagens snabbt föränderliga samhälle.

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Neste trabalho, problematizamos as práticas de escolha profissional dos jovens e suas articulações com o mundo do trabalho, a educação e os processos de produção de subjetividade na cena contemporânea. Adotamos o referencial teórico da Análise Institucional, as ferramentas conceituais de Foucault e a Filosofia da Diferença e, como ferramenta metodológica da Filosofia da Diferença, a Cartografia. Sendo esta puro processo, sem começo nem fim, cartografamos, de forma parcial e provisória, os caminhos em que vida e trabalho foram se constituindo nas práticas localizadas e cotidianas dos jovens. A Cartografia permitiu-nos acompanhar a invenção de um percurso de pesquisa ditado pelos deslocamentos e práticas de contágio com jovens, pesquisadora e pesquisa. A radicalidade da experiência foi tanta que afetou o próprio corpo da escrita, produzindo o reverso, um outro lado do texto. Com o conceito de prática de Foucault, seguimos a formação discursiva do conceito de vocação e as suas articulações com as transformações do capital e os efeitos da lógica do mercado na vida dos jovens na atualidade. Diante das intricadas articulações, passamos a questionar a escolha como uma possibilidade, já que esse tema adquire um lugar central nas investigações atuais, pois a máquina capitalista se reinventa na própria produção de desejo. Em outra vertente, analisamos as práticas educacionais que produzem o Homo Economicus e outras práticas inventivas que questionam e se reinventam na composição com um Homo Politicus, numa intervenção em que as escolhas seguem com o outro e não sobre o outro. Trabalhamos com as oficinas como dispositivos de pesquisa que nos permitiram seguir os múltiplos atravessamentos nos jovens e em seus processos de vida, primeiramente em um colégio de uma área semirrural do município de Petrópolis RJ, e depois em Lisboa, Portugal, numa escola secundária pública, numa organização de apoio a migrantes e numa ONG que trabalha com a cultura hip-hop. Esses caminhos nos levaram a um modo de orientação profissional como processo, ao deslocar de uma orientação responsiva, linear, que orienta para um lugar no mundo, para uma orientação intensiva, que acolhe as dúvidas e que se abre a multiplicidades de práticas inventivas com o outro. Uma aprendizagem que pede tempo e corpo e potencializa novos modos de fazer vida, quiçá mais dignos, interessantes e solidários. / In this work we discuss the practices of career choice for young people and their linkages with work, education and production of subjectivity processes, in contemporary society. The theoretical framework adopted includes Institutional Analysis, conceptual tools of Foucault and the Philosophy of Difference. The methodological tool of the Philosophy of Difference chosen was Cartography. Being Cartography pure process, without a beginning or an end, by way of it we determined the paths through which life and work were being constituted in localized and day-to- day practices of young people, yet in a partial and provisional form. Cartography helped to follow the invention of a course of investigation that was dictated by the shifts and mutual influence among youngsters, researcher and the research itself. The experience was radical to the point of affecting the writing itself, thus producing a reverse, another side of the text. With Foucaults concept of practice in hand, we followed the discursive formation of the concept of vocation and its links with the transformations of capital and the effects of market forces in the lives of todays youngsters. Given the intricate links, we began to question choice as a possibility, as it plays a central role in current investigations, since Capitalism reinvents itself in the production of desire. In another aspect, we analyze the educational practices that produce the Homo Economicus and other creative practices that may question and self-reinvent the composition with a Homo Politicus, in an intervention in which the choices may follow with the other and not over the other. We used workshops as research devices. They allowed us to follow the multiple crossings through young people and their life processes, first in a school of a semi-rural area in the city of Petrópolis - RJ, and then in Lisbon, Portugal, in a public high school, in an organization that supports migrants and in an NGO that works with the hip-hop culture. These paths led us to see professional guidance as a process, as we moved from a responsive, linear guidance, that points out to a given place in the world, to an intensive guidance, which hosts doubts and opens to a multiplicity of inventive practices with the other. A learning process that requires time and presence and enhances new ways of making life, perhaps more worthy, interesting and supportive.

Processos de Orientação Profissional e de Carreira objetivam auxiliar pessoas a refletirem sobre seus projetos de vida e as decisões relacionadas à carreira. Em tais processos instrumentos de avaliação psicológica, utilizados em uma perspectiva dinâmica e integrativa, podem contribuir para a clarificação das inclinações e disposições para a escolha da carreira em pessoas que buscam auxílio para tal empreendimento. Entre as diversas variáveis psicológicas que influenciam as escolhas ocupacionais destacam-se, neste estudo, os interesses profissionais, mensurados por meio de dois instrumentos: a Avaliação de Interesses Profissionais (AIP) e o Teste de fotos de Profissões (Berufsbilder Test, BBT-Br). Assim, esta investigação objetiva descrever as estruturas de interesses profissionais em estudantes do ensino médio regular e técnico em função do sexo e da procedência escolar, avaliar índices de consistência interna (fidedignidade) dos instrumentos, e correlacionar os resultados da AIP com o BBT-Br. A amostra desta investigação foi composta por 231 participantes, com idade entre 16 e 55 anos; 75 (32,5%) do sexo masculino e 156 (67,5%) do sexo feminino; 121 (52,4%) provenientes do ensino médio técnico e 110 (47,6%) do ensino médio regular. Os alunos do curso técnico eram oriundos dos cursos de administração, secretariado, eletrônica, design, mecatrônica, edificações e eletrotécnica. Os resultados indicaram a existência de diferenças significativas de escolhas em função do sexo dos participantes, tal como em estudos similares da área, que já apontavam a existência de padrões de escolhas diferenciados entre homens e mulheres. Em relação à procedência escolar, foram verificadas diferenças significativas entre os estudantes de ensino médio regular e técnico somente no grupo masculino da amostra. No que diz respeito aos índices de consistência interna da AIP (Alfa de Cronbach), foram obtidos valores que variaram de 0,529 a 0,746, que podem ser considerados índices razoáveis; para o BBT-Br foram encontrados valores de consistência interna entre 0,418 a 0,753, indicadores também classificados como índices razoáveis de fidedignidade. Quanto a análise dos índices de correlação (Correlação de Pearson) entre a AIP e o BBT, foram obtidas diversas correlações significativas ( 0,30), tanto no grupo feminino da amostra quanto no grupo masculino. Assim, aponta-se para a convergência dos resultados dos instrumentos avaliados. Sobre os índices de consistência interna da AIP, indica-se a necessidade de aprimoramento do instrumento. Por fim, assinala-se a importância de ampliação de estudos que avaliem as características de estudantes de ensino médio técnico / Career Guidance and Career Processes aim to assist people in reflecting on their own life plans and decisions related to career. Applied in a dynamic and integrative perspective, psychological assessment instruments can contribute to clarify inclinations and dispositions to career choice for those who seek help for such undertaking. Among several psychological variables that can influence occupational choices, the professional interests stand out in this study, measured by two instruments: the Assessment of Professional Interests (AIP) and the Test of pictures of Occupations (Berufsbilder Test, BBT-Br). This research aims to describe the structures of professional interests of students in regular secondary and technical education schools by gender and school of origin. To assess the internal consistency (reliability) of the chosen instrument, the results have been correlated to the AIP BBT-Br. The research sample consisted of 231 participants, aged from 16 to 55 years; 75 (32.5%) male and 156 (67.5%) female patients; 121 (52.4%) and 110 (47.6%) from technical schools and regular high schools, respectively. Students in technical schools were distributed in courses on administration, secretarial, machine design, mechatronics, electrical engineering, and buildings. The results indicated significant differences in career choices depending on the sex of the participants. This agrees with similar studies already reported in the area, indicating the existence of patterns of differentiated choices between men and women. Also, for the school of origin, it was found significant differences between students from technical and regular schools only in the male sample group. Regarding to internal consistency of the AIP (Cronbach\'s alpha), values ranged from 0.529 to 0.746 , which can be considered reasonable rates; for the BBT -Br were found internal consistency values between 0.418 to 0.753, indicators also classified as reasonable levels of reliability. With respect to the analysis of correlation coefficients (Pearson correlation) between the AIP and the BBT, several significant correlations ( 0.30) were obtained in both female and male sample groups. Therefore, it is noted for the convergence of the results of both instruments; on the internal consistency of the AIP, it indicates the need for improving the instrument. Finally, we point out the importance of expanding studies to evaluate the characteristics of students from technical high schools

The aim of this thesis is to contribute knowledge to how professional conversations such as career guidance and coaching contribute to adults’ learning in their career development. Unemployment is a topic that has recently gained much attention in the political debate as well as in society. Career guidance and coaching have largely been used as a means for supporting the unemployed in their career development. This thesis takes the adult job seekers’ perspective for increasing our knowledge of the learning-process taking place in professional conversations. The study draws on theories of learning, recognition, career development, dialogue and relationships. The thesis focuses on the following research questions:How do participants experience professional conversations? What learning conditions emerge from the participants’ experiences? How does learning take place and what meaning does this have for the participants in their career development? The study was conducted in two municipal labor market projects. The empirical data is based on 22 qualitative interviews with 16 long-term unemployed, 16 initial interviews and six follow-up interviews one-and-a-half year after the first interview. The interviews were conducted as reflective conversations, about participants past experiences of professional conversations in order to benefit participants’ own stories. The results show that: Learning in professional conversations is influenced by the tensions between participants’ self-image, societal demands on the outcome of conversations and how the conversations are organized. The participants’ previous experiences of different forms of employment measures seem to affect their experiences of the professional conversations. Participants’ previous experiences of professional conversations affect the participants’ learning in different ways. How the professionals have treated the participants affects the participants’ confidence or skepticism towards the professional helper. It opens or closes for the relationship and work alliance between them. The participants’ emotional experiences in their encounter with professionals appear to be an important driving force in the learning process. Small nuances such as how the professional attitude is perceived are crucial to the learning process. The dissertation shows that emotional and relational aspects, largely, influence participants’ learning process in professional conversation. Three conditions for learning were identified: Pre-existing conditions, organizational conditions, and conversation related conditions. Four learning processes have also been identified: The positive, the turning, the adaptive and the negative. These learning processes seem to affect the continuing career process in different ways.

The purpose of this thesis was to investigate the attitudes and working methods that study- and career counselors apply when it comes to competence provision. The main focus of the thesis was to investigate whether the study and career counselors consider that competence development work is an essential part of their work in a primary school in a municipality with a dominant market of industries. Therefor our main question was about how the study and career counsellors are working with this today, if there is any influence from external stakeholders and what the desired role of collaboration they would like to have in the future. We have contacted forty study and career counsellors who work in primary school in member municipalities in the network of Industristarka Kommuner and they were interviewed by mail and in some cases by phone. There were totally nine study and career counsellors that were represented in the survey. The study results in a model for the collaborative role, which could be divided into four stages, directly active, indirectly active, indirectly passive and direct passive, depending on the position and behavior of study and career counselors in the question of collaboration. The roles could also be linked to different career theories and were largely dependent on how the top of the board looked and most of our informants had a desire to take a step back and allow someone else to manage the skills to solve time for other guidance work.

Orientador: Valerio Jose Arantes / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T12:49:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Constantino_Graciela_D.pdf: 2905137 bytes, checksum: 461f7b4bf3a3f7699ff23525657a1262 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Essa pesquisa legitimou o Serviço de Orientação Profissional na Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso (UNEMAT), sendo realizada no Campus Universitário regional "Jane Vanini" do município de Cáceres-MT, um local conhecido como Pantanal, Brasil. Objetivou colaborar com as escolhas profissionais de adolescentes, minimizando a desinformação da escola do ensino médio em relação à temática e, as escolhas errôneas causadoras de evasões nos cursos universitários. Acrescenta contribuições acadêmicas teóricas e práticas na temática. A metodologia utilizada foi a qualitativa, a quantitativa e a Sociométrica, utilizando-se de pesquisa bibliográfica e de campo, com entrevistas dirigidas aos Gestores da Universidade e aos Cordenadores das dez escolas do ensino médio local, Questionários junto a professores e alunos e, uma formação teórica e prática destinada aos professores do Ensino Médio. A globalização produz uma massificação cultural, um descentramento de sujeito, em que as identidades estão homogeneizando-se de acordo com o consumo ditado pela órbita do mercado. Nesse contexto, o adolescente está desorientado em suas escolhas profissionais. A educação colabora com a crise de sentidos ao não atender o paradigma estético. Políticas públicas direcionadas à Orientação Profissional minimizam a desinformação, a dúvida na escolha de profissão, as evasões, pois ao auxiliar o centramento do sujeito, contribuí-se para escolhas mais assertivas e para a satisfação pessoal e profissional, colaborando-se também com as organizações flexíveis, e o bem-estar social. / Abstract: This research legitimated a Career Guidance Service at University in Mato Grosso state in Cáceres-MT, regional University headquarter placed in Pantanal, Brazil. Objectived to collaborate with adolescents choose their careers, and minimizing the information few in high school relationships a matter, their wrong choices has been evasion in the colleges degreies. The thesis adds has brought academical theoric-practical contributions related in matter. The methodology used was a qualitative, a quantitative, and sociometrics analyses. Studies making use of biographical and in the field research through interviews with chancellors, principals, coordinator, questionnaires for teachers and students and vocation training for teachers from public and private high schools. The globalization makes a cultural mass, decentralizing the subject where identities have been homogenized according to the consumption established by the market orbit. In this context, adolescents have been confused about future careers, and Education has not met the aesthetic paradigm. Public politics focused on Career Guidance minimize the few information, the doubt choose careers, and evasions when helping to center people and so they contribute to more assertive choices and personal and professional satisfaction of flexible organizations and social wellness. / Doutorado / Psicologia Educacional / Doutor em Educação