Currently, there are approximately 1.1 million caregivers who are caring for veterans who have served in the military following September 11 (9/11), 2001 (Ramchand et al., 2014). In this study, a mixed methods analysis of post 9/11 caregivers enrolled in the North Florida South Georgia Caregiver Support Program was completed with a convenience sample of 172 participants for quantitative analysis which included 16 participants for the phenomenological query. Correlations, t-tests, and ANOVAs were used to determine the associations among race, gender, age, caregiver type, diagnosis, tier level, and the presence of children in the home with caregiver burden as measured by the Zarit caregiver burden inventory (ZBI). T-tests resulted in a significantly higher ZBI with caregivers who had children in the home (M = 6.84; SD = 3.21) versus those who did not (M = 5.57; SD = 2.75), t (160) = -2.36, p=.02. An ANOVA was conducted across caregiver role (parent, spouse, significant other and other) and the ZBI and a significant difference was found (F [3, 159] = 1.59, p < .01, with spousal caregivers having a significantly higher ZBI score (M=6.83; SD=3.10) than parental caregivers (M = 4.46; SD=2.70). The phenomenological research focused on shared lived experiences of post 9/11 caregivers of seriously injured veterans, including their experiences with the Caregiver Support Program, the impact of having children in the home, and the utilization of technology and online support with caregiving. Differences between spousal and parental caregivers were also explored. The caregivers’ shared experiences resulted in 22 major themes which included family adjustment, subjective demands, coping techniques, social support, Veterans Affairs (VA) and Department of Defense (DOD) services, self-care, intimacy, role strain, financial resources, and life course changes as the most prevalent. Caregivers and their families had a difficult time adjusting post injury, particularly with subjective demands. Caregivers relied mainly on their own coping mechanisms to adapt to their new role and did not find social support to be helpful with caregiving. Spousal caregivers tended to have more difficulty adjusting than did parental caregivers, which was also found in the quantitative study. While the Caregiver Support Program provided many services that were helpful to the caregivers, including a financial stipend, they wanted additional services which included additional financial support and services while citing issues with program implementation and staffing as major barriers. Children added complexity to the caregiving relationship and increased burden. Children displayed behavioral changes, mostly negative, but some positive such as giving both the caregiver and the veteran a sense of purpose. Lastly, technology and online support with caregiving was used more often than not with mixed feelings about the technology and its trustworthiness; with parents not utilizing these resources as much as spousal caregivers. The study concludes with implications for current and future social work practice and research, as well as the study’s strengths and limitations.

Objectives: The objectives of this thesis were to: (i) understand the experiences of parents/caregivers of children with inherited metabolic diseases (IMDs), including perceptions of the health care system; and (ii) identify important patient/family-centred outcomes for measurement in future studies. Methods: A qualitative study used semi-structured interviews to gain in-depth insight into caregivers’ experiences. In an adapted meta-synthesis study, the qualitative findings were integrated with the results of related research to identify priority outcomes. Results: Twenty-one caregivers were interviewed. Participants described adjusting to the management of their child’s illness through specific coping strategies but reported stress related to social development. While generally satisfied with disease-specific care, participants described negative experiences with non IMD-specific health services. Health-related quality of life, parental coping, and specific experiences with health care emerged as high-priority outcomes. Conclusions: This project contributes to the limited published literature on caregiver experiences with pediatric IMD and informs future patient-centred research.

Le système de la responsabilité juridique en Droit musulman est désigné par le terme Ḍamān. Il s’agit d’un système de garantie où le fait dommageable n’est pas envisagé sous l’angle de la faute, le dommage et la réparation, sont les deux pôles du rapport juridique engendré par lui. Toutefois, un examen des solutions juridiques proposées par les juristes musulmans montre clairement que c’est justement la notion de faute qui est mise en avant lorsqu’il s’agit de la responsabilité du soignant. Aussi, est-il important d’analyser les raisons d’un tel aménagement pour savoir si le régime de la responsabilité médicale, ne constitue pas un régime dérogatoire par rapport au régime général de la responsabilité juridique en Droit musulman (Ḍamān). / AbstractThe system of legal responsibility in Islamic law is designated by the term Daman. It relates to a system of guarantee whereby the harmful event is not considered from an angle of fault; the damages and compensation are the two poles of the legal relationship generated by the system. Despite that, an examination of the legal solutions proposed by the Islamic jurists shows clearly that it is exactly the notion of fault which is highlighted when it is a question of the responsibility of a caregiver. Also, it is important to analyse the reasons of such a management in order to know if the regime of medical liability constitutes a system that is in derogation from the general system of legal responsibility in Islamic law (Daman).

Bakgrund: Konfusion är en vanlig företeelse hos äldre personer inneliggande på sjukhus. Så många som hälften kan vara drabbade, men det upptäcks sällan och kunskapen hos sjuksköterskor behöver öka. Eftersom patienterna ofta har svårt att kommunicera, så kan närståendes kunskap om patienten hjälpa vårdpersonalen samt förmedla lugn till patienten. Familjefokuserad omvårdnadsteori valdes därför som teoretisk utgångspunkt. Syfte: Den här studien syftade till att undersöka, äldre patienters, närståendes och sjuksköterskors upplevelse av konfusion på sjukhus, samt huruvida familjefokuserad omvårdnad kunde verka främjande vid konfusion. Metod: Litteraturöversikt med systematisk ansats baserad på femton artiklar från åren 2010–2019, från databasen PubMed. Åtta av artiklarna hade en kvalitativ metod, fyra hade en kvantitativ ansats medan tre artiklar använde mixad metod. Resultat: Litteraturöversikten resulterade i fyra teman: Upplevelsen av konfusion, kunskapsbrist, interaktion samt familjefokuserad omvårdnad. Dessa återspeglades utifrån patienten, de närstående samt sjuksköterskan. Utifrån temat Upplevelse av konfusion sågs att patienten ofta hade en skrämmande upplevelse under konfusionen. Temat Kunskapsbrist visade att närstående var frustrerade över att de inte fick någon bra förklaring till patientens tillstånd. I temat Interaktion sågs att hallucinationer och aggressivt beteende hos patienterna ledde till att sjuksköterskor ibland var tvungna att ta till tvångsåtgärder. Temat Familjefokuserad omvårdnad visade att genom att lyfta fram närståendes kunskap om patienten, kunde tidiga tecken på konfusion upptäckas och patienterna kände sig också i regel lugnare. Slutsats: Konfusion är en komplex åkomma som upplevs svår för både patienten, närstående och sjuksköterskan. Genom en ökad kunskap om konfusion både för sjuksköterskor och närstående kan samarbete förbättra omvårdnaden för patienten. / Background: Delirium is a common phenomenon for elderly people during hospitalization. As many as 50% might be affected by this severe condition. Due to poor knowledge among nurses in general, many patients neither get the proper diagnosis nor care. By enhancing the understanding of the lived experience of delirium by patients, their families and the caregiving nurses, it is possible to create a good foundation for cooperation among all parts. Since the patients often have trouble with communication, the family’s knowledge of the patient can help health professionals and calm the patient. Family-centered care theory was therefore chosen as nursing theory. Aim: To examine the lived experience of delirium at a hospital from the perspective of the elderly patient, the significant other and the nurse. It is also to explore if family-centered care can serve as prevention or positive impact on the patient with delirium. Method: A literature review with systematic approach based on fifteen articles from the years 2010–2019, from the PubMed database. Of the articles, eight had a qualitative method, four had a quantitative approach while three articles used the mixed method. Result: The literature review resulted in four themes: Experience of the confusion, Lack of knowledge, Interaction and Family-centered nursing. These were reflected according to the patient, the significant other and the nurse. The theme Experience of the confusion showed that the patients often had a terrifying experience during the delirium episode. The theme Lack of knowledge showed that significant others were frustrated that they did not receive a clear explanation for the patient’s condition. In the theme of Interaction, hallucinations and an aggressive behaviour in patients led to nurses sometimes having to use coercive methods. The theme of family-centered nursing showed that by highlighting significant others knowledge of the patient, early signs of confusion could be detected, and patients also felt calmer. Conclusion: Delirium is a complex state that is difficult for the patient as well as the family and the nurse. If the knowledge of delirium increases for the nurse and the significant other, the cooperation can improve the care of the patient.

Bakgrund: Det är brist på studier av vårdgivarnas behov i södra Asien. Studien kommer förhoppningsvis att leda till bättre vård för personer med funktionshinder och arbetsmiljö för vårdgivarna. Syfte: Beskriva vårdgivares erfarenheter i vård av funktionshindrade. Metoder: Semi-strukturerade bandade intervjuer genomfördes med vårdgivare. Vårdgivare definierades som vem som helst över arton år på alla utbildningsnivåer med erfarenhet av vård av funktionshindrade. Intervjuerna genomfördes i två boenden, ett sjukhus och ett rehabiliteringscenter i Katmandu. Den engelska data transkriberades i verbatim och analyserades med hjälp av kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: De upptäckta kategorierna var dagliga livet, långsiktiga förändringar, organisation och uppfattning. Slutsatser: Tillgång till utbildning, rehabilitering, sysselsättning och kollektivtrafik behövs. Ökad tillgång till hjälpmedel är också efterfrågad. En samhällsförändring med förbättrad kunskap om funktionshinder, ökad acceptans och strukturer för att undvika inkomstförlust.Nyckelord: Nepal, omvårdnadsbehov, personer med funktionshinder, vårdgivare / Background: There is a lack of studies made on the needs of caregivers of persons with disabilities in south asia. The study will hopefully lead to better care for persons with disabilities and work environment for the caregivers. Aim: The aim was to describe the experiences from caregivers about caring for people with disabilities. Methods: Semi-structured taped interviews were conducted with caregivers. Eight caregivers were interviewed, one was a physiotherapist, three were employed caregivers and four were relatives. Six interviews were in nepali with a translator and two in english. Caregivers were defined as anyone above eighteen years at any level of education with experience of providing care for persons with disabilities. The interviews were conducted in two shelters, one hospitals and one rehabilitation centre in Kathmandu. The english data was transcribed in verbatim and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: The discovered subcategories were daily life, organization, long term life changes and perceptions. Conclusions: Accessibility to education, rehabilitation, employment and public transport is needed. Increased access to assistive devices is also requested. A societal change with improved knowledge about disabilities, increased acceptance and structures to avoid a loss of income. Key terms: caregiver, Nepal, nursing needs, persons with disabilities

The purpose of this study was to explore the knowledge and practices of caregivers/mothers of under-five children with diarrhoea-related illnesses admitted at the referral hospital. The setting for this qualitative study was the referral hospital located in the Sol Plaatje Municipality, Northern Cape Province. Unstructured interviews were conducted with caregivers/mothers of under-five children with diarrhoea admitted to the referral hospital. Colliazzi’s seven steps of data analysis (1998) as cited in Bazeley (2013:65) were used to analyse data. The study population was the caregivers/mothers of children with diarrhoea admitted to the referral hospital. The findings assisted us in understanding the knowledge the caregivers/mothers had with regard to the management of diarrhoea and in improving the health education guide used to teach caregivers/mothers. / Health Studies / M.A (Public Health)

No description available.

Bakgrund: Anhörigvårdares upplevelser av att vårda en person med en demenssjukdom bör belysas, eftersom sjukdomen förändrar hela vardagen både för den drabbade och den anhöriga. Syfte: Syftet med litteraturstudien var att beskriva anhörigas upplevelser av att vårda en närstående med en demenssjukdom. Metod: Studien är en allmän litteraturstudie med åtta artiklar med kvalitativ design. Data sammanställdes genom en innehållsanalys. Resultat: Tre kategorier identifierades i resultatet: anhörigas motiverande upplevelser av att vårda sin närstående, anhörigas upplevelser av känslomässiga påfrestningar av att vårda sin närstående samt anhörigvårdares upplevelse av att behöva stöd och information. I resultatet framkom positiva och negativa upplevelser av att vårda en anhörig, behovet av stöd och information samt bristerna som fanns. Anhörigvårdare upplevde att vårdandet gav värdefulla stunder och en tillfredsställelse av att få hjälpa. De upplevde däremot att relationen påverkades och att det var påfrestande att ingå i en ny roll som vårdare. De upplevde även att stödet från den formella vården var otillräcklig och inte personcentrerad. Konklusion: När en närstående drabbas av en demenssjukdom förändras livssituationen och anhörigvårdare kan uppleva psykisk såväl fysisk ohälsa. Stöd och information i ett tidigt skede kan ha betydande inverkan på anhörigvårdare och deras förmåga att bibehålla sin egen och den demensdrabbades livskvalité. / Background: Family caregivers experience of caring for a person with dementia should be highlighted, since the disease changes the everyday life both for the affected and the relative. Aim: The Aim with the literature study was to describe relatives’ experiences of caring for a relative with dementia. Method: The study is a general literature study with eight articles using qualitative design. Data was conducted through a content analysis. Results: Three categories were identified in the result: relatives’ motivating experiences of caregiving for their relatives, relatives’ experiences of emotional stress from caregiving for their relatives and family caregivers experience of needing support and information. The result showed positive and negative experiences of caring for a relative, the need of support and information and the shortage that existed. Family caregivers experienced that the caring provided valuable moments and the satisfaction of being able to help. However, felt though that the relationship was affected and that it was stressful to enter a new role as a caregiver. They also experienced that the support from the formal care was insufficient and not person-centered. Conclusion: When a relative gets diagnosed with dementia the life situation changes, and family caregivers experience psychological and physical illness. Support and information at an early stage can have a significant impact on family caregivers and their ability to maintain their own and the dementia sufferer’s quality of life.

Orientador: Marla Andréia Garcia de Avila / Resumo: Introdução – Em geral, as crianças com hidrocefalia são submetidas a várias cirurgias e requerem cuidados diários, principalmente devido ao uso de derivação ventrículo peritoneal. Embora toda a família seja afetada, um de seus membros, denominado cuidador informal, assume a responsabilidade pelo cuidado, nem sempre com preparo técnico e emocional. Cabe aos profissionais de saúde a realização do processo educativo, tendo como foco o conhecimento e como objetivos a promoção de saúde e a prevenção de complicações. Artigo 1: Objetivo –Avaliar o conhecimento, a atitude e a prática de cuidadores informais de crianças com hidrocefalia antes e após intervenção com material educativo previamente desenvolvido. Método –Trata-se de um estudo quase-experimental, do tipo antes e depois, realizado com 32 cuidadores informais de crianças com hidrocefalia de um hospital universitário do interior de São Paulo. A coleta de dados ocorreu em três etapas: pré-teste, intervenção educativa através do material educativo e pós-teste. Foi utilizado o inquérito conhecimento, atitude e prática como instrumento de avaliação pré e pós-teste. Para análise da comparação pré-teste e pós-teste foi utilizado o teste t pareado e Teoria Clássica dos Testes. Resultados –Após a leitura do material educativo, os domínios conhecimento e prática obtiveram um aumento na taxa de acertos de 17% e 21,4%, respectivamente, e valor p<0,01. Artigo 2: Objetivo - Compreender se o material educativo “Diário de Laura: conhecendo ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Introduction - In general, children with hydrocephalus are submitted to many surgeries and require daily care, mainly due to the use of peritoneal ventricle shunt. Although the whole family is affected, one of its members, called informal caregiver, assumes responsibility for care, not always with technical and emotional preparation. It is up to health professionals to carry out the educational process, focusing on knowledge and the objectives of health promotion and prevention of complications. Article 1: Objective - To assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of informal caregivers of children with hydrocephalus before and after intervention with previously developed educational material. Method - This is a quasiexperimental before and after study conducted with 32 informal caregivers of children with hydrocephalus from a university hospital in the inland of São Paulo State. Data collection took place in three stages: pre-test, educational intervention through educational material and posttest. The knowledge, attitude and practice survey was used as a pre- and post-test assessment tool. For analysis of pre-test and post-test comparison, the paired t-test and Classical Test Theory were used. Results – After caregivers read the educational material, the correct answer rate increased by 17% in the knowledge domain and 21.4% in the practice domain, with pvalues of < 0.01. Article 2: Objective - To understand if the educational material “Laura's Diary: Knowing Hydrocephalus a... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Livet för en patient med hjärntumör förändras drastiskt. Patienter med hjärntumör upplever att sjukdomen tar deras självständighet och mening med livet. Syftet var att beskriva vårdarens upplevelser av att vårda en närstående med hjärntumör. En strukturerad litteraturstudie genomfördes, där tio artiklar analyserades med induktiv ansats. Litteraturstudiens resultat resulterade i en huvudkategori; ensamhet följt av fem underkategorier; vilsenhet, ovisshet, motvilligt maktövertagande, frustration samt längtan efter stöd. Vårdare till närstående med hjärntumör visade en stor påfrestning när de antog den vårdande rollen. Ett stort behov av stöd från vänner, familj och sjukvårdspersonal fanns. Den vårdande rollen innefattade inte enbart omvårdnad av den sjuke, utan även att axla ytterligare ansvar i vardagen så som att ta hand om ekonomin, hushållet och familjen. Denna litteraturstudie visar att när en anhörig blir vårdare till en familjemedlem med hjärntumör kan det vara en tillvaro av ensamhet. Denna ensamhet visade sig på flera olika sätt, såsom att känna sig vilsen, leva i ovisshet, hamna i ett motvilligt maktövertagande, känna sig frustrerad och känna en längtan efter stöd. För att hjälpa vårdarna i denna situation behöver vårdpersonalens rutiner och riktlinjer kring anhörigvård förbättras. / The life of a patient with brain tumor changes drastically. Patients with brain tumors experience that the illness robs them of their independence and life-meaning. The aim of this study was to describe the experiences of the caregiver. The study was conducted as a structured literature study in which ten articles were analyzed with an inductive approach. The literature study resulted in one main category; loneliness, and five subcategories; disorientation, uncertainty, reluctant takeover of power, frustration and longing for support. Caregivers of families with brain tumors showed a great strain when they accepted the caregiving role along with a need for support from friends, family and healthcare professionals. The caregiving role meant not only caring for the sick one, but also shouldering additional responsibility, such as the financials, the household and the family. This literature study shows that when a relative becomes a caregiver to a family member with a brain tumor there could be an existence of loneliness. This loneliness showed itself in many different ways, such as disorientation, uncertainty, reluctant takeover of power, frustration and longing for support. To help caregivers in this situation, care providers’ routines and guidelines on caregiving needs to be improved.