Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T17:06:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 115843.pdf: 1029698 bytes, checksum: b17c9ac17c774191d3c06f2d376414ae (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-25 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This dissertation goal was to investigate teaching strategies used by conductors in three university choirs in the Vale do Itajaí region, in Santa Catarina state, Brazil. Specific objectives were: to discuss the choir practice from the perspective of music education; reflect on the musical education in the choir practice and more specifically in the university choir; identify the main teaching strategies adopted by the conductors for the development of choral practice and; verify musical content covered in the practice of university choirs participating in the research. The work is situated within the qualitative research on the design of a multi case study and the techniques of data collection used semi-structured interviews, systematic observations and interviews by stimulation of remembrance. Data were divided into six categories initial activities, studying a new piece, rehearsing old pieces, preparing a performance, organizing the time, space and use of material resources and analyzed in the light of the literature of the choir area and also in the field of didactics. The results indicate a number of didactic strategies used by conductors in the development of activities in the respective choirs, evidencing the uniqueness and richness of the investigated contexts. / Essa dissertação teve como objetivo geral investigar estratégias didáticas utilizadas pelos regentes em três coros universitários da região do Vale do Itajaí, no estado de Santa Catarina. Os objetivos específicos foram: discutir a prática coral em uma perspectiva de educação musical; refletir sobre o ensino musical na prática do canto coral e mais especificamente no canto coral universitário; identificar as principais estratégias didáticas adotadas pelos regentes para o desenvolvimento da prática musical dos corais e; verificar conteúdos musicais abordados na prática de corais universitários participantes da pesquisa. O trabalho situou-se no âmbito da pesquisa qualitativa sob o desenho de um estudo multicaso e as técnicas de coleta de dados utilizadas foram entrevistas semiestruturadas, observações sistemáticas e entrevista por estimulação de recordação. Os dados coletados foram divididos em seis categorias atividades iniciais, ensaio de música nova, ensaio de música conhecida, ensaio para apresentação, organização do tempo e do espaço e utilização de recursos materiais e foram analisados à luz da literatura específica da área do canto coral e também do campo da didática. Os resultados da pesquisa apontam uma série de estratégias didáticas utilizadas pelos regentes no desenvolvimento de suas atividades, evidenciando a singularidade e riqueza dos contextos investigados.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T17:06:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 116043.pdf: 3801232 bytes, checksum: c7bb6790815a7e549cdd6a8f489e230b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The liturgical repertoire for choir in Brazil from the last decades of the twentieth century was marked by the determinations of Vatican II, an event that promoted the reform of the Catholic rite. Due to this context of change, which allowed the celebration of Mass in the vernacular, the liturgical chant, which includes choral, suffered a readjustment, along the lines proposed by the conciliar bishops. / O repertório litúrgico para coro no Brasil a partir das últimas décadas do século XX foi marcado pelas determinações do Concílio Vaticano II, evento que promoveu a reforma do rito católico. Em decorrência deste contexto de mudanças, que permitiu a celebração da Missa em vernáculo, o canto litúrgico, que inclui o canto coral, sofreu uma readequação, seguindo os moldes propostos pelos bispos conciliares.

Submitted by MARCELLA TRAMONTE null (marcellatramonte@hotmail.com) on 2017-09-28T19:13:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação mestrado Marcella Tramonte 2017.pdf: 8390784 bytes, checksum: f9d1c505ad36f02dcb97657b5d8d6776 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Monique Sasaki (sayumi_sasaki@hotmail.com) on 2017-09-29T17:39:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 tramonte_m_me_ia.pdf: 8390784 bytes, checksum: f9d1c505ad36f02dcb97657b5d8d6776 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-29T17:39:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tramonte_m_me_ia.pdf: 8390784 bytes, checksum: f9d1c505ad36f02dcb97657b5d8d6776 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-31 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Este trabalho tem como foco o Coro Santa Cecília, coro feminino pertencente à associação católica Pia União das Filhas de Maria na cidade de São João da Boa Vista, na primeira metade do século XX. O grupo vocal, “moderno” para sua época, chegou a obter considerável projeção regional e desempenhou importante papel na transmissão de conhecimento na cidade e contexto em questão. Visto que os estudos direcionadas à educação feminina e à participação de mulheres na educação musical ainda se encontra em processo de crescimento, se comparado aos demais estudos sobre história da música e educação musical em geral, este trabalho propõe um estudo da função socioeducacional do Coro Santa Cecília associado à Pia União das Filhas de Maria a partir de fontes documentais primárias presentes no Acervo do Museu de Arte Sacra da Diocese de São João da Boa Vista – partituras, atas de reunião, listas de chamada, cartas, artesanato, fotografias, entre outros - e entrevistas realizadas com ex-integrantes do coro e da associação que o abrigava. Assim, a partir da análise desses documentos buscou-se investigar uma possível contribuição dessas mulheres para a formação de uma elite intelectual na cidade de São João da Boa Vista, e que perdura até os dias atuais. / This work focuses on the Santa Cecilia Choir, a female choir belonging to the Catholic Association Pia União das Filhas de Maria in the city of São João da Boa Vista, in the first half of the twentieth century. The vocal group, "modern" for its time, came to obtain considerable regional projection and played an important role in the transmission of knowledge in the city and context referred. Since studies on female education and on the participation of women in music education are still in the process of growth, if compared to other studies on the history of music and music education in general, this work proposes a study of the social and educational function of the Santa Cecilia Choir associated with Pia União das Filhas de Maria, from primary documentary sources present in the collection of the Museu de Arte Sacra da Diocese de São João da Boa Vista – music sheets, meeting minutes, attendance lists, letters, craft items, among others - and interviews with former members of the choir and the association which sheltered it. Thus, the analysis of these documents sought to investigate a possible contribution of these women to the formation of an intellectual elite in the city of São João da Boa Vista, which continues to this present day.

This diploma thesis gives a comprehensive picture of musical life in Telc, its personalities, music and festivals. The circumstances are recognized of their creation, described their activities and current status. Attention is also paid to other circumstances and conditions of musical life in Telc.

A investigação, de caráter qualitativo (PIRES, 2010; GONZÁLEZ REY, 2005; MELUCCI, 2005), teve por objetivo geral compreender as práticas músico-educativas engendradas nos Festivais de Coros do Rio Grande do Sul, que foram realizados durante o período 1963-1978, na cidade de Porto Alegre, capital do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Como objetivos específicos a pesquisa buscou: 1) analisar a constituição e a organização dos Festivais de Coros; 2) examinar como eram mobilizados os atores sociais para os/dos Festivais de Coros, as estratégias de envolvimento utilizadas, as redes de cooperação e interdependência que permitiam a realização dos eventos e as tramas que envolveram os atores sociais naquele contexto específico; 3) interpretar a participação de coros, regentes e plateia e as exigências colocadas para os participantes dos Festivais; 4) analisar quais eram as concepções sobre cantar em coro, que aprendizagens e que formações musicais ocorreram nos/a partir da participação nos eventos e quais foram as contribuições dos Festivais de Coros. Como procedimento investigativo trabalhei a partir da história oral, com a qual pude combinar fontes escritas (artigos de jornais da época, programas musicais, cartas) com fontes orais (pré-entrevistas e entrevistas). Para a compreensão das redes estabelecidas pelos participantes dos Festivais de Coros, empreguei o conceito de configurações ou figurações de Norbert Elias (1997; 2008). Pelo conteúdo dos Festivais analisados, foram úteis as visões teóricas que focam o canto coral como movimento sociopolítico ou nacionalista (CHINALI, 2009; GILIOLI, 2008; SILVA, 2001, 2012; SANTOS, 2012; SOUZA 1991, 1999, 2007). Estudos sobre festivais de arte também ajudaram a iluminar o campo empírico (FLÉCHET, 2011, 2013; GOETSCHEL; HIDIROGLOU, 2013). Práticas músico-educativas foram se constituindo e sendo propaladas a partir da ação dos agentes participantes dos Festivais. A partir de uma comissão organizadora foi institucionalizada a Associação dos Festivais de Coros do Rio Grande do Sul, que passou a mobilizar atores internos (coros, regentes, imprensa e público) e externos (autoridades, governos, patrocinadores e apoiadores). Examinar o que era exigido e que dinâmica movia regentes, coros e público a participar dos Festivais de Coros, ajuda a compreender as aprendizagens geradas e impulsionadas pelo contexto. Os resultados da pesquisa mostram as formações musicais de cantores, regentes e público ocorridas a partir de concepções sobre cantar em coro e do habitus (ELIAS, 1997) gerado na e pela participação nos Festivais, além de outras contribuições impulsionadas por aqueles eventos. / This research, of qualitative frame (PIRES, 2010; GONZÁLEZ REY, 2005; MELUCCI, 2005), had as objective to understand the music-educational practices taken place in the Rio Grande do Sul Choir Festivals, held during the period 1963-1978 in the city of Porto Alegre, capital of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Specific objectives of this research were: 1) To analyze the constitution of the Choir Festivals; 2) To exam how social actors were mobilized for the/from the Choir Festivals, as well as the engagement strategies used in it, the cooperation networks and interdependence which allowed the events to take place and the wefts which involved social actors in that specific context; 3) To interpret the participation of choirs, conductors and public, as well as the demands requested to the participants of the Festivals; 4) To analyze which were the conceptions about choral singing, which apprenticeships and musical formations occurred in the/from the participation in the events, and which were the contributions left by the Choir Festivals. As a research procedure I worked with oral history, with which I could combine written resources (newspaper articles of that period, musical programs and letters) with oral resources (pre-interviews and interviews). To understand the networks established by the participants of the Choir Festivals I used the concept of configuration or figuration by Norbert Elias (1997; 2008). Through the content of the analyzed Festivals, it were useful the theoretical visions that focus choral singing as a sociopolitical or nationalistic movement (CHINALI, 2009; GILIOLI, 2008; SILVA, 2001, 2012; SANTOS, 2012; SOUZA 1991, 1999, 2007). Studies about art festivals also helped to throw light over the empirical field (FLÉCHET, 2011, 2013; GOETSCHEL; HIDIROGLOU, 2013). Musiceducational practices were constituted and propelled from the action of the participants agents of the Festivals. An organized committee was the start to institutionalize the Rio Grande do Sul Choir Association, which began to mobilize internal actors (choirs, conductor, press and public), and external actors (authorities, governments, sponsors and supporters). To examine what was requested and what dynamics moved conductors, choirs and public to participate in the Choir Festivals, helped to understand the apprenticeships generated and driven by the context. The results of the research show the music formation of singers, conductors and public generated from conceptions of choral singing and the habitus (ELIAS, 1997) generated in the/by the participation in the Festivals, as well as other contributions driven by those events.

A investigação, de caráter qualitativo (PIRES, 2010; GONZÁLEZ REY, 2005; MELUCCI, 2005), teve por objetivo geral compreender as práticas músico-educativas engendradas nos Festivais de Coros do Rio Grande do Sul, que foram realizados durante o período 1963-1978, na cidade de Porto Alegre, capital do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Como objetivos específicos a pesquisa buscou: 1) analisar a constituição e a organização dos Festivais de Coros; 2) examinar como eram mobilizados os atores sociais para os/dos Festivais de Coros, as estratégias de envolvimento utilizadas, as redes de cooperação e interdependência que permitiam a realização dos eventos e as tramas que envolveram os atores sociais naquele contexto específico; 3) interpretar a participação de coros, regentes e plateia e as exigências colocadas para os participantes dos Festivais; 4) analisar quais eram as concepções sobre cantar em coro, que aprendizagens e que formações musicais ocorreram nos/a partir da participação nos eventos e quais foram as contribuições dos Festivais de Coros. Como procedimento investigativo trabalhei a partir da história oral, com a qual pude combinar fontes escritas (artigos de jornais da época, programas musicais, cartas) com fontes orais (pré-entrevistas e entrevistas). Para a compreensão das redes estabelecidas pelos participantes dos Festivais de Coros, empreguei o conceito de configurações ou figurações de Norbert Elias (1997; 2008). Pelo conteúdo dos Festivais analisados, foram úteis as visões teóricas que focam o canto coral como movimento sociopolítico ou nacionalista (CHINALI, 2009; GILIOLI, 2008; SILVA, 2001, 2012; SANTOS, 2012; SOUZA 1991, 1999, 2007). Estudos sobre festivais de arte também ajudaram a iluminar o campo empírico (FLÉCHET, 2011, 2013; GOETSCHEL; HIDIROGLOU, 2013). Práticas músico-educativas foram se constituindo e sendo propaladas a partir da ação dos agentes participantes dos Festivais. A partir de uma comissão organizadora foi institucionalizada a Associação dos Festivais de Coros do Rio Grande do Sul, que passou a mobilizar atores internos (coros, regentes, imprensa e público) e externos (autoridades, governos, patrocinadores e apoiadores). Examinar o que era exigido e que dinâmica movia regentes, coros e público a participar dos Festivais de Coros, ajuda a compreender as aprendizagens geradas e impulsionadas pelo contexto. Os resultados da pesquisa mostram as formações musicais de cantores, regentes e público ocorridas a partir de concepções sobre cantar em coro e do habitus (ELIAS, 1997) gerado na e pela participação nos Festivais, além de outras contribuições impulsionadas por aqueles eventos. / This research, of qualitative frame (PIRES, 2010; GONZÁLEZ REY, 2005; MELUCCI, 2005), had as objective to understand the music-educational practices taken place in the Rio Grande do Sul Choir Festivals, held during the period 1963-1978 in the city of Porto Alegre, capital of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Specific objectives of this research were: 1) To analyze the constitution of the Choir Festivals; 2) To exam how social actors were mobilized for the/from the Choir Festivals, as well as the engagement strategies used in it, the cooperation networks and interdependence which allowed the events to take place and the wefts which involved social actors in that specific context; 3) To interpret the participation of choirs, conductors and public, as well as the demands requested to the participants of the Festivals; 4) To analyze which were the conceptions about choral singing, which apprenticeships and musical formations occurred in the/from the participation in the events, and which were the contributions left by the Choir Festivals. As a research procedure I worked with oral history, with which I could combine written resources (newspaper articles of that period, musical programs and letters) with oral resources (pre-interviews and interviews). To understand the networks established by the participants of the Choir Festivals I used the concept of configuration or figuration by Norbert Elias (1997; 2008). Through the content of the analyzed Festivals, it were useful the theoretical visions that focus choral singing as a sociopolitical or nationalistic movement (CHINALI, 2009; GILIOLI, 2008; SILVA, 2001, 2012; SANTOS, 2012; SOUZA 1991, 1999, 2007). Studies about art festivals also helped to throw light over the empirical field (FLÉCHET, 2011, 2013; GOETSCHEL; HIDIROGLOU, 2013). Musiceducational practices were constituted and propelled from the action of the participants agents of the Festivals. An organized committee was the start to institutionalize the Rio Grande do Sul Choir Association, which began to mobilize internal actors (choirs, conductor, press and public), and external actors (authorities, governments, sponsors and supporters). To examine what was requested and what dynamics moved conductors, choirs and public to participate in the Choir Festivals, helped to understand the apprenticeships generated and driven by the context. The results of the research show the music formation of singers, conductors and public generated from conceptions of choral singing and the habitus (ELIAS, 1997) generated in the/by the participation in the Festivals, as well as other contributions driven by those events.

Ce travail propose une étude du domaine de la direction de chœur. Il est centré sur les compétences du chef et les conditions d’une performance optimale, selon attentes déclarées des acteurs du monde choral. Il s’agit de compétences souhaitées par les choristes et les chefs. Les questions du répertoire, du contexte social et historique de la direction sont abordées, ainsi que les aspects épistémologiques de l’interprétation musicale. Les origines du concept de compétence, son évolution, son approche selon différentes perspectives, son emploi pédagogique précèdent l’observation empirique qui prend la forme d’une enquête menée sur un vaste échantillon dans six pays : l’Allemagne, l’Autriche, l’Espagne, les Etats-Unis, la France et le Venezuela. L’analyse critique donne une image psychologique des compétences du chef, décrit sa position culturelle et sa performance dans le contexte social. En découlent des considérations liées à l’héritage historique de la direction de chœur et une réflexion relative à la formation du chef. / The work consists in a study related to the field of choral direction. The study focuses on the competences and the conditions of choir directors to achieve optimum performance in the opinion of constituents of the choral world as desired by choir members and directors. Choice of repertoire, social and historical context of choral direction, and epistemological issues of the musical interpretation have been addressed.The origins of the concept of competences, their evolution and approach according to different perspectives and their educational use precede the empirical observation. The latter study consists of a wide survey in six countries, namely Austria, France, Germany, Spain, United States of America and Venezuela. The critical analysis of this study reflects the psychological image of choir director’s competences, describing the cultural position and its performance in the social context. This study triggers assumptions relating to the historical legacy of choral direction as well as a framework of considerations related to the professional qualification of choir directors.

Abstract The educational process behind the work done with children’s choirs has not been written about or talked about very much. Performances get natural visibility and audibility, but most of the work is done in a closed space. The pedagogical process happens behind the scenes and as a result, children and youths grow up as musicians and human beings, as individuals and as a group. The Tapiola Choir celebrates its 50th anniversary in 2013. In this doctoral thesis, I study the educational part of the work done with the choir. In particular, this thesis examines the co-operative pedagogy of Mr. Kari Ala-Pöllänen as a conductor. The specific focus is on the process of qualifying the travelling choir because this is where many pedagogical processes come together. Methodologically, my thesis is a data based case study. The data is based on an in-depth interview. The empirical part is only focused on the period (1994–2008) when Mr. Ala-Pöllänen acted as a conductor of the choir. However, in the beginning of the book I create a view of the whole frame of reference for the choir by exploring the complete archive of the Tapiola Choir and the written material about choral pedagogy. The analysis was done by searching for characters in the qualification process and by using a theory called Big Five personality domains. The results show how a co-operative way of thinking and working promoted the educational goals in all of the teaching done by conductor Ala-Pöllänen. Art and education worked hand in hand, serving the aims of both a shorter and a longer time frame. The naturally occurring interaction between both harder and softer values, in addition to the determined aim to develop the social skills of children, is emphasized in the communication. Both the artistic and educational ambition of the conductor is obvious, but yet does not appear to conflict with the teaching in practice. Many demands are made of the children and youth in a choir that is conducted co-operatively, and they get special instruction to help them with that responsibility. The basic characteristics that the conductor requires from the choir are mainly clear and they are consistent with the professional attitude and favourable prerequisites that are for collaboration. This thesis is about the pedagogical wisdom that is needed to succeed in educating a mostly heterogenic group of children. According to my survey, this is based on sufficient theoretical knowledge, an understanding of the behaviour and growth of a child and a practical personal background - all of these things are connected to the communication skills that are needed to influence a group of individuals in a cohesive manner. / Tiivistelmä Kasvatuksellisista päämääristä lapsikuorotyössä puhutaan ja kirjoitetaan vähän. Esiintymislavalla tapahtuva toiminta saa näkyvyyttä ja kuuluvuutta, mutta suurin osa työstä tapahtuu suljetussa tilassa. Juuri siellä tapahtuu se pedagoginen prosessi, jonka seurauksena lapset ja nuoret kasvavat muusikkoina sekä ihmisinä, yksilöinä ja ryhmässä. Tapiolan kuoro, espoolainen lapsi- ja nuorisokuoro täyttää 50 vuotta vuonna 2013. Väitöstutkimuksessani käsittelen kasvatuksellista toimintaa Tapiolan kuorossa ja Kari Ala-Pölläsen yhteistoiminnallista pedagogiikkaa Tapiolan kuoron johtajana. Erityinen fokus on matkakuorovalinnan prosessissa, jossa toiminnan pedagogisia sisältöjä kiteytyy. Menetelmällisesti väitöstyöni on aineistolähtöinen tapaustutkimus. Aineisto perustuu syvähaastatteluun. Empiirinen osa keskittyy Kari Ala-Pölläsen johtajakauteen 1994–2008, mutta työn alussa luon kuoron arkiston ja muun kuoropedagogisen aineiston kautta läpileikkauksen kuoron toiminnan viitekehykseen. Analyysimenetelmänä matkakuorovalinnan tarkastelussa toimii valintatilanteen kuvauksessa ilmenevien persoonallisuudenpiirteiden tarkastelu ns. viiden suuren mallin mukaisesti. Tulokset osoittavat, kuinka Kari Ala-Pölläsen johtajakaudella yhteistoiminnallinen työskentelytapa palveli kasvatuksellista tavoitetta johtajan kaikessa toiminnassa. Taide ja kasvatus tukevat toisiaan palvellen lyhyen ja pitkän aikavälin päämääriä. Kovien ja pehmeiden arvojen luonteva vuorovaikutus sekä määrätietoinen pyrkimys sosiaalisten taitojen kehittämiseen korostuvat Kari Ala-Pölläsen kommunikaatiossa. Ilmeistä tutkimukseni tulosten nojalla on kuoronjohtajan sekä taiteellinen että kasvatuksellinen kunnianhimo, mikä ei ole ristiriitaista käytännön toiminnassa. Lapsilta ja nuorilta odotetaan yhteistoiminnallisesti johdetussa kuorossa hyvin monenlaisia taipumuksia ja edellytyksiä, ja näihin heitä määrätietoisesti kasvatetaan. Persoonallisuuden piirteiden perusasiat, joita johtaja toivoo ja odottaa kuoroltaan, ovat selkeitä ja liittyvät jäsenten ammattimaiseen asenteeseen ja suotuisiin yhdessä toimimisen edellytyksiin. Onnistuminen hyvin heterogeenisen ryhmän kasvatuksessa kiteytyy pedagogiseen viisauteen. Se tarkoittaa tässä tutkimuksessa riittävää teoreettista osaamista ja lapsen käytöksen ja kehityksen ymmärtämistä, omakohtaista kokemustaustaa ja tälle perustalle rakentuvaa kommunikatiivista taitoa kohdata ja vaikuttaa samanaikaisesti yksilöistä koostuvaan ryhmään.

Denna studie är gjord på ämnet learning tracks, dvs auditiva instuderingsfiler för vokalmusik. Det finns ingen historisk forskning eller annan tidigare forskning på ämnet men man vet att det har förekommit som fenomen inom genren barbershop lika länge som den portabla kassettbandspelaren, och på senare år utvecklats mycket i och med internet samt möjligheten att spela in och editera musik på en hemdator. Angränsande forskning om spegelneuroner, inlärning på gehör och körmetodik har studerats som forskningsgrund och det sociokulturella perspektivet samt variationsteori är studiens teoretiska perspektiv. Syftet med studien är att undersöka vilka variationer i musikaliskt resultat samt i elevernas upplevelse av instudering som kan urskiljas kopplat till notbaserad instudering av körmusik, respektive instudering med hjälp av instuderingsfiler som komplement. Två testgrupper, en som fick jobba med instuderingsfiler som komplement till noter och en som bara fick instudera med noter, jobbademed ett stycke musik under fyra lektionspass som observerades och ljud spelades in för att kunna följa progressionen i instuderingen. En enkät till samtliga elever som deltog som frågade om deras upplevelse av instuderingen fylldes i direkt efter studiens avslut. Resultatet var tydligt, både utifrån testgruppernas musikaliska prestation och ifrån deras egen upplevelse av instuderingen, instuderingsfiler var för dem bättre än enbart noter. Resultatet går även att tydligt knyta an till den angränsande tidigare forskningen på ämnet. Även om studien är tydlig behövs det mer forskning inom detta område. / This study is on the subject of music learning tracks for learning a capella music. While there is no specific research on the subject yet it has been known as a phenomenon in the genre of barbershop harmony for as long as the tape recorder has been around, and has grown into a well-established business because of the internet and the possibilities of editing music on home computers. Earlier research in surrounding areas such as choir methodology, ear training and mirror neurons have laid the research ground for the study, and the theoretical perspectives which the data was analyzed through are the sociocultural perspective and variation theory. The purpose of this study is to explore variations in musical results and the pupils experience of learning that can be detected between a group that studies with learning tracks and a group that studies without learning tracks. The two groups were followed learning the same piece of music during four classes through observation and recording of sound. Directly following the last class, the students answered a survey about their experience of the learning process. The results were clear, both from the difference in musical results and from the answers in the survey, learning tracks are better for learning new music than just using sheet music. The results also connect to earlier research in surrounding areas, but even though the results of this study are clear more research is needed in this specific area.

No description available.