Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-07-18T18:06:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 shayenneelizianneramos.pdf: 1074982 bytes, checksum: abf1f27a03503c8f798e487f18d495b1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-07-22T15:11:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 shayenneelizianneramos.pdf: 1074982 bytes, checksum: abf1f27a03503c8f798e487f18d495b1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-22T15:11:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 shayenneelizianneramos.pdf: 1074982 bytes, checksum: abf1f27a03503c8f798e487f18d495b1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-28 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Em um organismo, o sistema circadiano modula muitos processos fisiológicos e comportamentais, como aprendizagem e memória. Adicionalmente, a melatonina também tem sido mostrada como moduladora desses processos cognitivos. No entanto, diferentes programas de iluminação são utilizados em animais de produção e a melatonina tem sido usada como suplemento alimentar e no tratamento de alterações da ritmicidade circadiana. Logo, há necessidade de serem realizados mais estudos sobre os efeitos gerados por manipulações no ritmo circadiano e pela melatonina. Como ambos estão diretamente relacionados à iluminação, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo investigar o efeito de diferentes condições de claro/escuro no biotério e intensidade luminosa durante testes comportamentais na aprendizagem e memória de trabalho de camundongos Swiss. No biotério, camundongos Swiss foram mantidos em ciclo claro-escuro de 12:12 h (C), claro constante (L) ou escuro constante (E) e testados no labirinto Lashley III e Teste de Reconhecimento de Objetos sob iluminação de 500 ou 0 lux, resultando seis tratamentos (C500, C0, L500, L0, E500 e E0). Não houve diferença significativa entre o ciclo claro-escuro de 12:12 h, claro constante e escuro constante no biotério e nem entre os testes realizados a 500 e 0 lux. Somente os animais mantidos em escuro constante e testados a 0 lux, tratamento E0, tiveram a aprendizagem e memória de trabalho prejudicados, demonstrados pela aprendizagem mais lenta no labirinto Lashley III e o não reconhecimento do objeto no Teste de Reconhecimento de Objetos. / In an organism, the circadian system modulates many physiological and behavioral processes such as learning and memory. Additionally, melatonin has also been shown to modulate these cognitive processes. However, different lighting programs are used in production animal and the melatonin has been used as a food supplement and in the treatment of circadian rhythmic changes. Therefore, there is need for more studies be conducted on the effects caused by manipulations in the circadian rhythm and by melatonin. Because both are directly related to lighting, this study aimed to investigate the effect of different light/dark conditions in stock room and light intensity during behavioral tests in learning and working memory of Swiss mice. In a stock room, Swiss mice were kept on a 12:12 light/dark cycle (C), constant light (L) or constant darkness (E). They were tested in the Lashley III maze and Object-recognition task under 500 or 0 lx illuminations, resulting in six treatments (C500, C0, L500, L0, E0 and E500). There wasn´t significant difference between 12:12 light/dark cycle, constant light and constant darkness conditions in stock room neither between the tests conducted at 500 and 0 lx. Only animals kept in constant darkness and tested at 0 lx, E0 treatment, had impaired learning and working memory, demonstrated by slower learning in the Lashley III maze and the non-recognition of the object in Object-recognition task.

Orientador: Milva Maria Figueiredo De Martino / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T03:28:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva_ClaudiaAparecidaRosada_M.pdf: 5933281 bytes, checksum: abd9b797717c0af73f50c3227041de8e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Resumo: Este estudo foi conduzido entre 53 enfermeiros, trabalhadores em turnos, com faixa etária de 32 a 40 anos, de um hospital universitário de Campinas - São Paulo. O objetivo foi estudar as características cronobiológicas do ciclo vigília-sono, o estado de sono atual e os estados emocionais presentes. Os questionários utilizados foram: Levantamento de dados da população, Avaliação do ciclo vigília-sono, Caracterização do padrão de sono e Lista de Estados Emocionais Presentes. Os resultados mostraram que o turno matutino é formado por enfermeiros em sua maioria casados, com filhos e que não realizam outra ocupação, o turno vespertino é formado por enfermeiros mais jovens, com menor tempo de formado e de serviço no turno, o turno noturno é formado por enfermeiros com maiores idades e que realizam outra ocupação. As análises dos padrões de sono dos enfermeiros revelaram que os enfermeiros do matutino acordaram mais cedo, porém não anteciparam o horário de dormir, os enfermeiros do turno vespertino apresentaram padrão normal do ciclo vigília-sono, com relação ao sono noturno os enfermeiros do turno noturno apresentaram padrão normal do ciclo vigília-sono, com relação ao sono diurno este é mais curto que o sono noturno e fracionado em até três episódios. Em relação à percepção do estado de sono atual os três turnos classificaram o sono como regular. Os resultados da Lista de Estados Emocionais Presentes, independente do turno de trabalho, mostraram um perfil emocional estável dos enfermeiros, quase ausência de alguns estados emocionais e algumas locuções representaram efeitos específicos do turno com diferenças significativas entre o início e o final do turno / Abstract: This study was conducted among 53 nurses, shift workers, aging between 32 and 40 years old, of a University Hospital in Campinas - São Paulo. The objective was study the chronobiological characteristics of the sleep wake cycle, the current sleeping pattern and present mood states. The questionnaires used were: Survey of population data, Evaluation of sleep-wake cycle, Characterization of sleep standard and Present Mood States List. The results demonstrated that the morning shift is most made up of marriage and with children nurses and that do not carry through another occupation, the afternoon shift is made up of younger nurses, more recently graduated and with less time working at this shift. The night shift is made up of older nurses and that they carry through another occupation. The analysis about the nurses standard sleep showed that the nurses of the morning had waked up more early, however had not anticipated the schedule to sleep, the nurses of the afternoon shift had presented normal standard of the sleep-wake cycle, with relation to night sleep the nurses of the night shift one had presented normal standard of the sleep-wake cycle, with relation to daily sleep this is shorter than night and fragmented in up to three episodes. In relation to the perception of the current sleeping pattern the three shifts had classified sleep as to regulate. The results of the Present Mood States List, independent of the shift work, showed a stable emotional profile of the nurses, almost absence of some emotional states and some locutions had represented specifics effects of the shift, with significant differences between the beginning and end of the shift / Mestrado / Enfermagem e Trabalho / Mestre em Enfermagem

Background: Shift work is common in today’s society. About 75% of shift workers have problems regarding sleep and recovery. Research has investigated shift worker’s physical and psychological problems connected to poor sleep, sleep disorders and insomnia. However, little research has been made concerning prevention and treatment of negative consequences of working in shifts. Purpose: The aim of the study was to examine if there are health promoting actions that can be offered by nurses to preserve sleep quality and improve recovery in shift workers and if there is evidence if any of the actions is superior. Method: A literature review was conducted through a search for scientific original articles in PubMed and Cinahl. Twelve articles were included in the study. Results: Cognitive behavioral therapy and sleep health program can reduce symptoms of anxiety, reduce depression and increase the feeling of being well rested. Napping during night shift improved reactivity and reduced feelings of fatigue and increased recovery of function. Light therapy and treatment with melatonin had a moderate effect on alertness and a small effect on quality of sleep. Light therapy had effect regarding insomnia, depression and anxiety. Treatment with the drug Armodafinil resulted prolonged sleep, improvement in wakefulness and reduced fatigue. Armodafinil treatment was also associated with improved well-being, memory and attention. Conclusion: Options are available for treatment of physical psychological symptoms related to shift worker, but require interaction between healthcare and employers. More research is needed regarding non-pharmacological treatments suitable for a nurse interventions in primary and occupational care. The result of this study shows that treatment with Armodafinil gave the best effects. / Bakgrund: I dagens samhälle arbetar många skift. Cirka 75% av skiftarbetare lider av störd sömn och har problem med dålig sömnkvalitet och återhämtning. Mycket forskning finns gjord gällande problem som uppkommer i samband med skiftarbete men lite forskning är gjord gällande behandlingsalternativ vid symtom orsakade av skiftarbetet. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att undersöka vilka hälsofrämjande åtgärder sjuksköterskor kan erbjuda skiftarbetare vad det gäller sömnkvalitet och återhämtning samt om någon åtgärd kunde visa sig ha en bättre effekt. Metod: En litteraturstudie med sökning av vetenskapliga originalartiklar utfördes i databaserna PubMed och Cinahl och genom manuell sökning. Tolv artiklar inkluderades i studien. Resultat: Kognitiv beteendeterapi och sömnhälsoprogram kan minska ångest och depression samt öka känslan av att vara utvilad. Återhämtningsvila under nattpass förbättrade reaktionsförmågan och minskade upplevelsen av trötthet samt ökade återhämtningen. Behandling med ljusterapi och melatonin gav en måttlig effekt av vakenhet och måttligt förbättrad sömn. Ljusterapi visade sig ha effekt mot insomningsproblem, depression och ångest. Behandling med läkemedlet Armodafinil uppvisade förlängd sömn, förbättrad vakenhet och minskad trötthet. Ökat välmående, förbättrat och snabbare minne och förbättrad uppmärksamhet var också resultat av läkemedelsbehandlingen. Slutsats: Slutsatsen är att det finns olika behandlingsalternativ men det krävs ett samarbete mellan sjukvård och arbetsgivare. Sjuksköterskan är oftast den första att möte patienten och göra den första bedömningen av vilken hälsofrämjande åtgärd som behövs. Det behövs mer forskning gällande icke-farmakologiska behandlingsalternativ som en sjuksköterska inom primär- eller företagshälsovården kan utföra. Resultatet av den här studien visar att behandling med Armodafinil gav bästa effekten när det gäller sömn, återhämtning och vakenhet vid skiftarbete.

La rétine a une physiologie rythmique contrôlée par une horloge circadienne dont la localisation et l’organisation sont peu connues chez les mammifères. Nous avons étudié in vitro l’horloge rétinienne du rat et de la souris grâce au suivi par bioluminescence des rythmes d’expression d’éléments de son mécanisme moléculaire, le gène Period1 et la protéine PERIOD2 respectivement. Nous avons montré que chacune des trois couches rétiniennes contient un oscillateur circadien fonctionnel, mais que la période de leurs oscillations est très rallongée par rapport à celle du tissu entier et dépend d’un couplage asymétrique entre les couches. Nous avons montré par pharmacologie que le glutamate, le GABA, la glycine et la dopamine ne sont pas indispensables à ce couplage, et que les caséine kinases 1δ et 1ε modulent largement la période de l’horloge rétinienne. Finalement, nous avons observé un couplage au niveau cellulaire également, qui met en jeu, au moins en partie, les jonctions communicantes. / The retina exhibits physiological rhythms that are under the control of a circadian clock whose location and organization are poorly understood in mammals. We studied the retina clock in rat and mouse through in vitro bioluminescence monitoring of the rhythmic expression of molecular elements of the clockwork: the Period1 gene and the PERIOD2 protein respectively. We showed that each of the three retinal layers harbors a functional circadian oscillator, which period is strikingly longer than in the whole retina and depends on asymmetric coupling between layers. We pharmacologically investigated the nature of the coupling signals and showed that glutamate, GABA, glycine and dopamine are dispensable. We nevertheless highlighted that casein kinases 1δ and 1ε strongly modulate the period of the retina clock. Finally, we observed that the retina clock also entails cell-to-cell coupling that involves at least partially gap-junctions.

The circadian clock generates circadian rhythms, which participate on regulation of a number of signalling pathways. Disruption of the circadian regulatory mechanism is linked to a development and a progression of certain types of cancer including colorectal tumorigenesis. Progression of tumorigenesis depends on the cell cycle machinery related to cell proliferation and apoptosis. MiRNAs play a role in initiation and progression of tumorigenesis because they interfere in regulatory pathways associated with tumorigenesis. The aim of the thesis was to determinate existence of circadian rhytms in clock controlled genes (Tef, Dbp), miRNAs (miR-1-3p, miR-16-5p, miR-34a-5p, miR-155-5p, miR-192-3p) and genes of the cell cycle machinery (Ccnd1, Ccne1, Ccna1, Ccnb1) and apoptosis (Casp3, Bcl2, Bad). Further, to compare detected circadian rhythms during aging and neoplastic transformation of colon by quantitative RT-PCR. We have observed circadian expression of Tef, Dbp, Ccne1, Ccna1, Ccnb1, Casp3 and Bcl2 in young mice colon, Tef, Dbp, miR-1-3p, Ccne1, Ccna1 in old mice colon and Tef and Dbp in colorectal tumors. In summary, circadian expression of clock controlled genes varied but was maintained in mice colorectal tumors. In aging we demonstrated weakening of circadian rhythms of the genes of the cell...

博士(スポーツ健康科学) / Doctor of Philosophy in Health and Sports Science / 同志社大学 / Doshisha University

No description available.

Circadian rhythms dictate the timing of both once-in-a-lifetime adult emergence (eclosion) and daily locomotor activity rhythms in the flesh fly S. crassipalpis. Light cycles are considered the primary environmental time cue (zeitgeber), but the life history of S. crassipalpis suggests that temperature cycles (thermocycles) may also play a key role. This work evaluates the efficacy of thermocycling as a zeitgeber in S. crassipalpis. We found that shifting both light and temperature cycles of sufficient amplitude affect the phasing of eclosion and locomotor activity, but result in different patterns. Additional experiments suggest greater thermocycle sensitivity during the late metamorphic period and that thermocycling reduces variance in eclosion times. Taken together, these findings suggest that temperature cycles can be used by S. crassipalpis to time eclosion and adult locomotor activity, and that S. crassipalpis may be physiologically primed to use thermocycle information during metamorphosis.

No description available.

No description available.