To achieve the goals set by Agenda 2030 and the Paris Agreement, a societal transformation towards climate neutrality is required. However, the idea of ‘transformation’ is conceptually vague and deeply political. It is thus important to get a better understanding of this concept. This thesis explores what participants at COP26 perceive to be the most effective drivers for societal transformations towards climate neutrality, and what variations in their perceptions are visible. This was done using surveys taken at COP26, which have been analysed using Excel and the chi-square test in SPSS. Out of the thirteen driver themes that were identified in the coding scheme, it was found that Economic Sphere and Sectors, Civil Society and Public Opinion, Knowledge and Technology, and Governmental Sphere and Institutions were perceived to be the most effective driver themes. These results corroborate important drivers proposed in existing literature. Comparing the dataset to a variety of global indexes, it was found that participants from countries that are ranked relatively low on these global indexes generally perceive Economic Sphere and Sectors as an effective driver theme, while participants from higher-ranked countries generally focused more on the driver themes Governmental Sphere and Institutions, Behavioural and Cultural Change, and Incentives. An attempt has been made to explain these results, but much more research and additional data is needed to better understand the findings.

The purpose of the thesis is to contribute to grid planning and public debate about how the electric power system can cope with electrification and decarbonisation. The thesis is based on the assumption that Sweden, in accordance with the climate goals, will achieve climate neutrality by 2045. Based on a literature review, an analysis is made of how different scenarios predict the future national electricity demand up until 2045 and identifies the underlying drivers for changes in electricity demand. A more detailed analysis based on results from a literature review and interviews with industry representatives is made for four chosen regions, Norrbotten, Västra Götaland, Stockholm and Skåne. For each region, estimates are made of how high the electrification potential is in the industrial, transport, residential and service sectors. The prerequisites for the electricity grid to handle the identified electrification potential, in terms of grid capacity, have been analysed in order to highlight what challenges there are for large-scale electrification to be a key factor in achieving the climate goals. The general belief in the studied scenarios is that the national electricity demand will increase until 2045. The investigated scenarios predict increases resulting in an annual national electricity demand of up to 207 TWh in 2045, corresponding to an increase of almost 60 %. The most significant increases are due to decarbonisation in the industry and transport sector. The regional analysis shows significant electrification potentials in the investigated regions. A few industries stand out with dramatic increases, Borealis AB in Västra Götaland shows an electrification potential of 8 TWh and 1 000 MW and SSAB in Norrbotten shows an electrification potential of 9 TWh and 900 MW. Significant electrification potentials in the transport, residential and service sectors have been identified in metropolitan areas, i.e. in the region of Stockholm, Västra Götaland and Skåne. The grid analysis shows that it will be challenging to increase grid capacity at sufficient speed. It is concluded that there is currently insufficient grid capacity to meet large-scale electrification, and that the grids need to be reinforced. However, the concession process for grid reinforcements is considered too slow to meet the demands that arise, primarily in the industry sector. Three ways to address this challenge have been identified: -          If the permission process for electricity grid expansion does not change and the industry is to choose the electrification route, this needs to be decided before 2030 in order for reinforcements in the electricity grid to be ensured before 2045. -          Speed up the permit process to allow shorter lead times for power grid expansions. -          The industry choose another route for decarbonisation than electrification. The overall conclusion is that new approaches for expanding the electricity grid will be required if large-scale electrification is to be a key factor in achieving the climate goals in 2045.

Denna studie syftar till att undersöka berörda samhällsaktörers inställning till att uppnå klimatneutralitet inom Sverige med bio-CCS som åtgärd. En kvalitativ innehållsanalys av remisser från klimatpolitiska vägvalsutredningens betänkande Vägen till en klimatpositiv framtid genomfördes med ett multi-level perspective för att studera dessa aktörers ståndpunkt. Aktörernas synpunkter identifieras och analyseras för att därefter ställas mot tidigare forskning. Resultatet av studien visar att det finns delade uppfattningar hos aktörerna angående bio-CCS och vad som behövs för att främja tekniken. De största hindren till att implementera bio-CCS som åtgärd anses vara ekonomiska och politiska aspekter, men att det även finns andra faktorer som har en betydande roll för att bio-CCS ska kunna ha ett inflytande till att Sverige ska uppnå klimatneutralitet till 2045. / This study aims to investigate the approach of relevant actors to achieving climate neutrality within Sweden with bio-CCS as a measure. A qualitative content analysis of referrals from the climate policy inquiry report Vägen till en klimatpositiv framtid carried out with a multi-level perspective theory to study the position of these actors. The actors' views are identified and analyzed and compared to previous research. The results show that there are divided opinions among actors regarding bio-CCS and what is needed to promote the technology. The main obstacles to implementing bio-CCS as a measure are considered to be economic and political aspects, other factors also have a significant role in influencing Sweden to achieve climate neutrality by 2045.

The role of intermediation in the development of transformative climate governance capacities in cities is insufficiently examined, which is concerning given that research on transformative climate governance  has shown low degrees of  actual capacity on-the ground. As transformative climate governance is produced in the relational activities of urban stakeholders, the potential role intermediary actors can play in strengthening transformative governance capacities in cities warrants in-depth investigation.  The aim of this study  is to  examine the role intermediaries can play in advancing transformative climate governance capacities in cities, using the case of the Swedish Strategic Innovation Programme (SIP) Viable Cities and the work they do in supporting cities towards climate neutrality.  The study uses four dimensions of transformative climate governance capacity - stewarding capacity, unlocking capacity, transformative capacity, and orchestrating capacity  -  to examine what kinds of transformative climate governance capacities Viable Cities promote and incentivize as an intermediary working together with a network of several cities, varying in size and geographical location.  The study adopted a qualitative case-study approach, examining  Viable Cities through interviews with practitioners as well as participatory observations and document analysis.  The results show that Viable Cities stimulate novelty creation and identification of possible application contexts, while creating alignment and strengthening linkages between actors and resources, specifically between the networks of municipalities they engage with and the institutions they enlist to develop the conditions necessary for cities to become climate neutral. The results also indicate that Viable Cities put great emphasis on transformative capacity and orchestrating capacity through the strategies and tools they utilize, while lesser emphasis lies on stewarding capacity and unlocking capacity. This is not surprising, given the explicit focus Viable Cities has on stimulating innovation and facilitating collaboration – both in their own way of working as well as the strategies and tools they promote towards the participating municipalities.  The application of the transformative climate governance framework to the case of Viable Cities and the intermediation they perform across several cities was a novel feature of this study. The concept of transformative climate governance capacities have proven useful to assess what kinds of transformative climate governance intermediaries promote and incentivize for entities they engage with, and it can potentially be used as a tool to improve strategies to ensure that they actually have the potential to contribute to transformative climate governance. / Medlande aktörers roll i utvecklingen av transformativ klimatstyrningskapacitet i städer är i nuläget otillräckligt undersökt; vilket är oroande med tanke på att forskning om transformativ klimatstyrning har visat låga grader av faktisk kapacitet i praktiken. Eftersom transformativ klimatstyrning produceras i relationella aktiviteter mellan urbana aktörer, kräver den potentiella roll som medlande aktörer kan spela för att stärka transformativ klimatstyrningskapacitet vidare utredning. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka vilken roll  medlande aktörer  kan spela för att främja transformativ klimatstyrningskapacitet i städer,  genom att undersöka det strategiska innovationsprogrammet Viable Cities och det arbete de gör för att stödja städer i resan mot klimatneutralitet.  Studien utgår från fyra dimensioner av transformativ klimatstyrningskapacitet - förvaltningskapacitet, upplåsningskapacitet, transformativ kapacitet och orkestreringskapacitet - för att undersöka vilka typer av transformativ klimatstyrningskapacitet Viable Cities främjar och stimulerar  i deras  arbete tillsammans med ett nätverk  av städer och myndigheter. Studien är utformad som en kvalitativ fallstudie och undersöker Viable Cities genom intervjuer med nyckelpersoner inom organisationen samt genom deltagande observationer och dokumentanalys.  Resultatet visar att Viable Cities stimulerar innovation och identifiering av möjliga tillämpningskontexter, samtidigt som de skapar likriktning och stärker kopplingar mellan aktörer och resurser, särskilt mellan nätverken av kommuner och  myndigheter  de  arbetar mot. Resultatet indikerar också att Viable Cities lägger stor vikt vid transformativ kapacitet och orkestreringskapacitet genom de strategier och verktyg de använder, medan mindre vikt ligger på att utveckla förvaltande kapacitet och upplåsningskapacitet. Detta är inte förvånande med tanke på det uttalade fokus Viable Cities har på att stimulera innovation och underlätta samarbete  –  både i sitt eget sätt att arbeta såväl som de strategier och verktyg de främjar gentemot de deltagande kommunerna.  Tillämpningen av  ramverket för transformativ klimatstyrningskapacitet på en  medlande aktör som Viable Cities var ett nytt inslag i denna studie. Konceptet transformativ klimatstyrningskapacitet har visat sig användbart för att bedöma vilka typer av transformativa klimatstyrningskapaciteter medlande aktörer kan främja och stimulera, och ramverket kan potentiellt användas som ett verktyg för att förbättra och skräddarsy mellanhänders strategier.

Due to the increased popularity of greener products (green implies being more sustainable) and more businesses involved in greener markets, the phenomenon of greenwashing has expanded. This is problematic because actors trying to design, manufacture and sell products with a high sustainability content are then forced to compete with actors that deal with artificial sustainability. When trying to market products with a high sustainability index, customers require strong arguments regarding how sustainability has been dealt with within the design process. These need to be grounded in reality and be transparent. One identified research gap is the limited knowledge on how to design and manufacture consumer products in an environmentally and climate friendly way and at the same time attract consumers. The purpose of the study is to problematize sustainable design and consumption and develop a model for a sustainability integrated design process.  First, a literature review was conducted to gain a theoretical overview of the concepts mentioned earlier but also to build a theoretical point of reference. To further explore the concepts, an empirical case study was conducted using Verk, a Swedish furniture company as a case company in order to deepen and complement the gathered theory. The results of the literature study and the case study were then compiled into four identified sustainability factors that affect the creation of novel artefacts which were then sorted through Cross’s (2008) four stage design process model consisting of exploration, generation, evaluation and communication. These four stages were then integrated into a two layered sustainable design process in order to draw conclusions on how a sustainability integrated design process can be modelled.  The developed model was named “2-4 sustainable design process model” because of the two decision processes in each of the four stages of the design process. The model was validated by using the model in a design process where a table was designed. The table corresponds well with the four sustainability factors which shows that the sustainability factors successfully can be integrated within a design process and deliver a product with a high sustainability value. The implications of conducting this type of research is to show how a scientifically derived sustainable design process can be modelled and executed. The method contribution of this study is of scientific interest within design science, due to the scarcity of sustainable design process models with a rigid sustainability dimension. There is also a practical contribution when the developed model gives guidance for industrial designers on how to design in a way that seamlessly deals with sustainability in all the stages of the design process. Further there is a probability that the developed model also can be used in design teaching on how to design in a sustainable way, due to its prescriptive logic.

Fastighetsbranschen står för ca 20% av alla utsläpp av växthusgaser och 40% av all världensenergiförbrukning (RICS The World Built Environment Forum, 2019). Därför är det viktigtatt se på vilka åtgärder fastighetsägare kan göra för att minska miljöpåverkan.Miljöcertifieringar för byggnader är ett verktyg som används för att minska derasmiljöpåverkan och arbeta för fortsatt minskad påverkan i framtiden. Detta examensarbetefokuserar på nya miljöcertifieringar, mer specifikt NollCO2, med syftet att jämföra dennacertifiering mot LEED och dess påbyggnad LEED Zero. Syftet är även att undersökaincitament och hinder för NollCO2 via en kvalitativ intervjustudie som omfattas av totalt femintervjuer. Intervjuerna har utförts digitalt under våren 2021 med personer som haft insikt iNollCO2-certifieringens pilotprojekt. Resultatet från jämförelsen visade att det finns ett flertal skillnader mellan NollCO2 ochLEED, där den tidigare har mer omfattande krav för att godkännas, men samtidigt böranvändas som ett komplement till den senare för att ge en större effekt av minskadmiljöpåverkan. Jämfört mot LEED Zero är skillnaderna dock inte lika omfattande, då dessahar ett gemensamt mål om att nettonoll klimatutsläpp skall uppnås inom ett eller flerafokusområden. Intervjuerna visade att det finns flera incitament än hinder att använda sig avNollCO2 vid certifieringen av byggnader. Incitamenten har bland annat varit att företagenhaft höga hållbarhetsmål internt, kunskapsutvecklingen som fås via certifieringsarbetet ochatt företagen erhållit mycket positiv uppmärksamhet av deras val att bli pilotprojekt medNollCO2-certifieringen. Hinder har varit det omfattande arbetet som krävts för att få allaparametrar inom certifieringen rätt då det funnits brist på pålitligt underlag hosmaterialleverantörerna och brist på kunskap i byggbranschen. Uppfattningen har dock varitatt incitamenten övervägt hindren, då kunskapsläget börjar avancera. Effekten avcertifieringen har varit en utveckling av branschen där många leverantörer är intresserade avatt lära sig mer och arbeta med hållbara lösningar även för framtida kunder. Paralleller dragits till tidigare forskning som gjorts på äldre miljöcertifieringars incitamentoch hinder, där det visat sig finnas starkare incitament än hinder även för de äldrecertifieringarna. Diskussion har även förts gällande lönsamhetsaspekten med NollCO2, dåprojekt har högre produktionskostnader, men det är för tidigt för att kunna dra slutsatser omNollCO2-projekten är mer lönsamma än andra certifierade projekt. Den tidigare forskningenhar nämligen visat fastighetsägares uppfattning om att certifierade byggnader är merlönsamma än andra, speciellt byggnader med LEED- certifieringen. Skillnaden mot dentidigare forskningen är att aktörernas incitament bakom NollCO2-pilotprojekten inte verkarha påverkats av statliga regleringar enligt intervjustudien och skulle behöva utredas vidare.Inställningen till att välja nya miljöcertifieringar i byggbranschen har varit positiv, trots dehinder som finns mot att certifiera. Genom att delta som pilotprojekt har aktörerna fåttmöjligheten att vara pionjärer i att förändra branschen, men också göra en skillnad förbyggbranschen genom att visa att det är möjligt att använda lösningar för att byggaklimatneutralt. / As the real estate sector is responsible for approximately 20% of the global greenhouse gasemissions and 40% of the world's energy consumption (RICS The World Built EnvironmentForum, 2019), it is crucial to find solutions to reduce environmentally unfriendly emissions.Environmental building certifications are often used to enable property owners to takemeasures against their building’s environmental impact and ensure that such impact continuesto be lowered. This bachelor’s thesis focuses on new environmental certifications, morespecifically NollCO2, developed by Sweden Green Building Council (SGBC). The authorshave chosen to compare the certification to more established certifications like LEED, and itsadd-on LEED Zero. Furthermore, the purpose is to determine the drivers and barriers forusing the NollCO2 certification, which is made through an interview study compiled fromfive interviews. The interviews were conducted during the spring of 2021 with peopleinvolved in pilot projects for the NollCO2 certification. Results of the comparisons show that there are a number of differences between NollCO2 andLEED, where the former has more demanding requirements to be approved and it amends thelatter. Compared to LEED Zero, the differences are not as noticeable, since they are similar inthe way that net-zero emissions are to be achieved within the chosen focus area of thecertification. The study also showed that there are more drivers than barriers for NollCO2 asa choice of certification for buildings. The drivers for the interviewees have been theirinternal environmental policies, the knowledge to be gained from the certification experienceand also the positive attention drawn from their work as a pilot project with NollCO2. Thebarriers have been extensive work to get the parameters within the certification correct, as thematerial suppliers generally do not offer the same information about the material’s climateimpact. Also, the opinion of the interviewees was that the industry is lacking the requiredknowledge of sustainable building solutions. Although, the view was shared that the drivershave shown to outweigh the barriers. The pilot projects for NollCO2 has progressed therequired development of the industry according to the interviewees. This was shown in thesupplier’s developed knowledge of sustainable building solutions and an interest to continueto offer the same environmentally friendly solutions to all future clients. In the thesis, parallels are drawn to prior research to identify the drivers and barriers for olderbuilding certifications. It is shown that the drivers to use a building certification outweigh thebarriers with the older certifications. The profitability aspect with using NollCO2 is alsodiscussed, since these projects clearly have higher production costs and lower maintenancecosts. Although, it is early to draw clear conclusions on whether the project is profitable ornot, since the pilot project buildings have yet to be completed. Prior research has shown thatolder certifications, for example LEED, have been profitable for property owners in general.A difference found in the comparison to prior research, is the impact of governmentregulations and policies in a property owner’s choice to certify their buildings. This impacthas not been identifiable in the conducted interview study for this report and needs moreresearch. The attitude towards new environmental building certifications has been positive throughoutthe interviews, despite existing barriers. The NollCO2 pilots are being part of an industryevolution and have acted as pioneers for the property industry. The pilots have also made animpact on the building industry by showing that it is possible to use climate neutral solutionswhen building.

Games can be a great way to create awareness and engagement about climate change, and may even encourage players to take action in real life. This thesis work aims to determine how well a graphic style inspired by Solarpunk fits the content and message of the Mariestad Climate board game, as well as researching whether including site-specific elements makes it more engaging. Four illustrated cards, two card backsides, and a game board were created for this purpose, and were evaluated via three in-person game test sessions and an online questionnaire. Results showed that a Solarpunk-inspired graphic style fit the game’s content, showing an optimistic version of the future players reacted positively to. Including site-specific elements created a local connection with the players and increased their engagement. Future work includes developing the game further according to the study’s results, as well as the possibility of creating versions related to other municipalities that are part of the Viable Cities project.

Circular Economy is an increasingly popular concept, which could be implemented to decrease our environmental impacts and promote sustainable development. Within Agenda 2030 and the Paris Agreement, the city of Stockholm has the goal to become climate neutral by 2030 and wants to explore the effects ofcircularity measures. The city has decided to introduce a flow of second-hand materials in a school as a pilotstudy to redirect waste, in alignment with the waste management hierarchy. This thesis' objective is to researchthe impacts of this measure on textile waste management at the scale of a school's use, in the context ofsustainable development. First, interviews were conducted with the stakeholders and the system was analysed from a systems thinking perspective. Second, a Life Cycle Assessment on implementing second-hand textile flows in the school was used to quantify the environmental impacts of the measure. Finally, a survey filled by students gave the perspective they had on using second-hand inside and outside of the school. Results show that the system gathers the required characteristics to support a CE. Introducing this new flow of textiles has benefits compared to business-as-usual scenarios, and decreases carbon emissions. Pupils are showing interest in second-hand, but an economic incentive might be needed for them to change behaviours outside of the school. Findings underline the circular economy is connected to the three pillars of sustainable development at the local scale of the pilot study. The challenge of scaling up this measure and expanding the results at the level of the city is arduous but would support the city of Stockholm in its climate neutrality goal while helping to change the mindsets of its citizens for the future.

Dagens samhälle behöver genomgå en hållbarhetstransformation för att kunna möta de globala klimatutmaningarna. Disruptiva företag väntas leda denna rörelse då de har en möjlighet att leverera innovation och presentera produkter och lösningar som världen aldrig tidigare sett. Etablerade aktörer har ofta har svårt att ställa om och lyckas leverera hållbara produkter, bland annat då de har en förmåga att förbise lönsamheten i tillväxtmarknader eller att företagsstruktur och kultur är svårförändrad. Då innovativa företag av disruptiv karaktär väntas leda morgondagens gröna produktutveckling är det därmed intressant att undersöka ifall ambitiösa hållbarhetsstrategier kan vara en källa till disruptiv innovation. Syftet med detta arbete är att undersöka om hållbarhetsambitioner kan utgöra drivkraft för disruptiv innovation inom produktutvecklingsprocessen, samt att undersöka de möjligheter och utmaningar som tillkommer. Detta är en kvalitativ litteraturstudie där en teoretisk referensram byggts upp kring disruptiv innovation och hållbarhet. Intervjuer har genomförts hos ett företag som lyckats leverera en högpresterande och hållbar produkt som fått ett disruptivt genomslag. Resultatet från intervjuerna har analyserats sedan och jämförts mot teorin för att kunna besvara syftet. Resultaten påvisar att just hållbarhetsambitionerna hos företaget inte nödvändigtvis är den bakomliggande faktorn till den disruptiva produkten. Det disruptiva genomslaget beror troligtvis mer på företagets övergripande vision och koncept gällande att erbjuda en premiumprodukt innehållande; kvalitet, mätbar prestanda, framkant av innovation samt att produkten ska uppfylla ett större syfte. För att leverera på denna vision har företaget behövt utveckla nästintill samtliga komponenter själva, vilket ger en total komponentroll och därav stora möjligheter att påverka gällande innovation, hållbarhet och prestanda. / Today's society needs to undergo a sustainability transformation in order to meet the global climate challenges and goals. Disruptive companies are expected to lead this movement as they have an opportunity to deliver innovation and present products and solutions that the world has never seen before. Established players often have difficulty adjusting and succeeding in delivering sustainable products, among other things because they have an ability to overlook profitability in emerging markets or because the company structure and culture are difficult to change. As innovative companies of a disruptive nature are expected to lead tomorrow's green product development, it is thus interesting to investigate whether ambitious sustainability strategies can be a source of disruptive innovation. The purpose of this report is to investigate whether sustainability ambitions can act as a driving force for disruptive innovation in the product development process, as well as to investigate opportunities and challenges that arise. This is a qualitative literature study where a theoretical frame of reference is built around disruptive innovation and sustainability. Interviews have been conducted with a company that has succeeded in delivering a high-performance and sustainable product, which had a disruptive impact. The results from the interviews have been analyzed and compared against existing theory in order to be able to answer the purpose. The results show that the sustainability ambitions of the company are not necessarily the underlying driver for the disruptive product. The disruptive factor probably depends more on the company's overall vision and concept of offering a premium product which include quality, measurable performance, cutting edge of innovation and that the product must fulfill a larger purpose. To deliver on this vision, the company has had to develop almost all of the components itself, entailing a total component control and therefore great opportunities to influence on innovation, sustainability and performance.

Large players within the construction sector have launched the goal of becoming climate-neutral by 2045. In Sweden, the construction sector accounts for approximately 20 % of the country's total emissions. Hence, the purpose of the study is to examine how approaches and frameworks within the eld of innovation can be employed to promote innovations that contribute to climate neutrality within the construction sector. The study perceives the term innovation as non-trivial advancements in process, system, and products. Consequently, the aim is to expand knowledge regarding the interplay between contractors and the Business to Government (B2G) channel while complying with the public procurement act (commonly referred to as the LOU). The selected methodology for this study consists of a qualitative case study with an exploratory approach as this suits the nature of the main research question (MRQ). The literature review primarily contributes with theories within the fields of Construction Innovation and Contract Theory to broaden the scope. The empirical findings indicate that the overall level of knowledge is deficient, both in the private and the public sector. Consequently, the procurements are greatly influenced by fear of procuring inadequate outcomes or being deceived by the contractor. To combat this, the empirical findings and the literature imply that long-term planning, knowledge-sharing, and market dialogue can prove to be viable strategies. In addition, based on the empirical findings and the need for risk allocation, innovation funds are suggested. The findings from this study expand the literature on innovation within Slow Systems, Construction Innovation, and Contract Theory. The study presents a profound understanding of which climate neutrality plays a pivotal role in the preface of novel ideas within the construction sector, which further impacts the adoption of innovations. However, there are certain limitations to the study. The employed case study is appropriate for exploring how questions and providing in-depth knowledge. Though the study is empirically rich, the findings are restricted to the context of this single case. Thus, further research is of value to further confirm or contradict the findings. / Stora aktörer inom byggbranschen i Sverige har som mål att bli klimatneutral till år 2045. I Sverige står byggbranschen för cirka 20 % av landets totala utsläpp. Syftet med studien är därför att undersöka hur tillvägagångssätt och ramverk inom innovationsområdet kan användas för att främja innovationer som bidrar till klimatneutralitet inom byggbranschen. Studien ser på innovation som icke-triviala framsteg av processer, system och produkter. Denna studie syftar till att bidra med kunskap om samspelet mellan byggentreprenörer och Business to Government (B2G) kanalen samtidigt som man verkar under lagen om offentlig upphandling (vanligtvis benämnt som LOU). Den valda metodiken för denna studie består av en kvalitativ fallstudie med utgången i ett utforskande förhållningssätt eftersom det passar huvudforskningsfrågans karaktär. Litteraturöversikten bidrar primärt med teorier inom områdena Construction Innovation och Contract Theory för att bredda scopet. De empiriska resultaten tyder på att den övergripande kunskapsnivån är bristfällig, inom privat samt offentlig sektor. Följaktligen påverkas upphandlingarna i hög grad av rädsla för osäkra resultat eller att bli lurade av byggentreprenören. För att motverka detta visar de empiriska resultaten tillsammans med litteraturen att långsiktig planering, kunskapsdelning, marknadsdialog kan vara en möjliga strategier. Baserat på de empiriska resultaten samt behovet av riskfördelning, föreslås innovationsfonder. Resultaten från denn astudie utökar litteraturen om innovation inom Slow Systems, Construction Innovation och Contract Theory. Studien presenterar en djupgående förståelse för hur klimatneutralitet spelar en stor roll  igrunden för nya idéer inom byggbranschen, vilket ytterligare påverkar introduktionen av innovationer.Det finns dock vissa begränsningar för studien. Den enskilda fallstudien är lämplig för att utforska hur frågor och ge fördjupad kunskap. Även om studien är empiriskt utförlig, är resultaten begränsade till sammanhanget för detta enstaka fall. Därför är ytterligare forskning av värde för att ytterligare bekräftaeller motsäga resultaten.