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Bibliography: leaves 250-264 / xx. 264, [47] leaves : ill ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Waite Agricultural Research Institute, 1984

Vi vill med det här kandidatarbetet problematisera människans distanstagande från dess släktskap och samevolution med djur och maskiner. Tillsammans med bland annat Donna Haraways cyborgfenomen, följeslagande arter och snörlekar vill vi påvisa samhörigheten mellan medvetna varelser. För att skapa nya förhållningssätt och perspektiv för släktskapet använde vi oss av naturliga användargränssnitt, artificiell intelligens, designfiktion, Haraways snörlekar och kvalitativt undersökande som tolkande undersökande. Med de här begreppen som grund i undersökningens gestaltande har vi undersökt kommunikationens kritiska roll i relationer mellan medvetna varelser. Vi har med hjälp av naturliga användargränssnitt undersökt tillvägagångssätt för att påvisa människans samevolution med maskiner och hur människor kan förstå dem som jämställda varelser i samhället. Vi förstår även naturliga användargränssnitt som exemplifiering för att argumentera medvetna maskiner som, likt människor, en jämställd varelse i samhället. / In this Bachelor thesis we want to problematize denial of human relations with animals and machines. With, among other things, Donna Haraways cyborg, companion species and string figures, we want to show the fellowship between aware creatures. To create new approaches and perspectives for the relations between humans, animals and machines, we use natural user interfaces, artificial intelligence, design fiction, Haraways string figures and qualitative research to look into this thesis problem area. These ideas and concepts, as roots of this thesis, was used to form and design the thesis artifact. To show communications critical role in relations between aware creatures. We have, with natural user interfaces, researched approaches to show human relations and fellowship with machines. But also how to understand them as equal creatures. Natural user interfaces is also used in this thesis to show an example of how to discuss artificial intelligence as equals to humans in society.

Thesis (MSc. Agriculture (Agronomy)) -- University of Limpopo, 2019 / The traditional practice of farmers in Limpopo Province is to mixed and broadcast crops at planting without definite row arrangement. This practice hinders farm input application and results in low crop yields. Strip intercropping, where crops are planted with definite row arrangement, has the advantage of reducing inter-species competition, optimise plant population and increasing crop yield. This study aimed at improving cowpea-maize cropping systems using strip intercropping. The experiment was conducted at University of Limpopo farm and Ga-Thaba village. Five cowpea varieties (Glenda (check)), IT86K-499-35, IT82E-16, IT86D -1010, TVu-13464 and maize (PAN 6479) were evaluated using randomised complete block design with three replications. Data collected were days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height, canopy width, peduncle length, pod length, number of pods/plant, 100 seed weight, grain yield, fodder weight and land equivalent ratio was also determined. Data were analysed using the Statistix 9.0. The results revealed that in both locations TVu 13464 flowered early (50 days) respectively. At University of Limpopo farm TVu 13464, IT82E-16 and IT86D-1010 matured early (89, 88 and 91 days). At University of Limpopo farm, IT82E-16 had high cowpea grain yield (2230 kg/ha) under monocropping and also produced high grain yield of 1373 kg/ha during 2016/17 season. At Ga-Thaba, IT86D-1010 produced high cowpea grain yield of 1085 kg/ha under monocropping and during 2015/16 (660 kg/ha) while IT86K-499-35 also produced high grain yield of 915 kg/ha during 2016/17. The varieties showed yield stability depending on different locations. At University of Limpopo farm, strip intercropping achieved high maize grain yield of 3961 kg/ha during 2016/17. At Ga-Thaba, strip intercropping produced high maize grain yield 747 and 1024 kg/ha during 2015/16 and 2016/17, respectively. Monocropping produced low maize grain yield during 2015/16 with a mean of 425 kg/ha and mixed intercropping had mean of 499 kg/ha during 2016/17. The calculated LER for two crops over two seasons under strip intercropping ranged from 1.25 and 2.14, whereas under mixed intercropping, it ranged between 0.73 and 1.05 over two seasons at University of Limpopo farm. TVu 13464, IT82E-16 and IT86D-1010 are promising varieties for strip intercropping in low rainfall areas because of their early maturity and high grain yield. The calculated LER for two crops over two seasons xx under strip intercropping ranged from 1.62 and 2.98, whereas under mixed intercropping, it ranged between 0.76 and 1.67 in both seasons at Ga-Thaba. / National Research Foundation (NRF) and Water Research Commission (WRC)

Master of Science / Food Science / Edgar Chambers IV / Palatability of pet foods is judged by the use of animals in colonies. Pet food manufacturers would like to understand how palatable a food is compared to another food. This generally is accomplished by a two pan test where a pet has the opportunity to freely choose between two foods. Preference is evaluated through the use of an intake ratio, the ratio of the amount of test food consumed divided by the total amount of the foods consumed. Although this is easy to do in laboratories, another option would be to do such studies with animals in more ‘real-life’ home environments. The purpose of this study was to develop, and test a method to capture feeding information from a study of canines in the home environment and analyze the results of the palatability tests. Individual dog owners were screened for information on the household and pets. Twenty-five dogs of different ages, breeds and sizes were selected to participate on the in-home panel. Seven different palatability tests were performed using the in-home panel with four of those tests being replicated; a total of 11 comparative tests. These dogs were tested using a proprietary computer-based technology that collected information about intake of each food for each individual dog for a duration of seven days for each of the 11 comparative studies. Data was analyzed and resulted in showing that differences between foods can be found. Statistical analyses compared initial day one data to subsequent day data collected during each study to determine whether a full seven day test was needed. In addition, comparisons were made to compare the impact of prior foods eaten to subsequent preferences of the dogs. Results of the in-home panel were the same on day one as for all seven days of testing. Also, previous exposure to a food did not alter subsequent preference for that food. Such data has implications for pet food manufacturers related to timing and cost of testing.

This thesis expands on the model presented in Sue Donaldson and Will Kymlicka’s Zoopolis for how companion animals might be treated as co-citizens in a post-Animal Rights world. I will attempt to clarify the distinct political obligations owed to companion animals throughout their lifetimes by individual caregivers and by the state. In particular, I argue that there is nothing in the genetic make-up of most companion animals that precludes them from being “autonomous agents” in adulthood, meaning that if allowed to develop their agency, most animals would be able to lead flourishing lives independent of human companions. I suggest that, for young companion animals, guardians have political obligations to develop the autonomous agency of their dependents, with help from the state. That said, for adult animals which develop autonomous agency, I argue that both a human caregiver and the animal have a right to sever their relationship with each other, just as we give adult children the right to leave their parents’ care and also give parents the “right to kick out” adult children who are capable of supporting themselves. However, while advocating for human caregivers’ rights to sever relationships with autonomous pets, I nonetheless maintain that the state will always retain obligations to its citizens to provide them with a basic level of welfare, and these obligations extend to companion animals as well. Thus, the thesis will consider ways that companion animals can flourish without human companionship. Questions I am concerned with are: Can companion animals lead worthwhile lives without human caregivers? What obligations do caregivers and states have to raise animal young? When and how can these obligations be terminated? And lastly, how might we restructure our public and political institutions to accommodate animals who voluntarily or involuntarily leave relationships with caregivers? / Thesis (Master, Philosophy) -- Queen's University, 2013-11-15 09:18:40.613

Syfte: Att beskriva partnerns upplevelse av att leva med en person som har drabbats av stroke. Metod: Litteraturöversikt utifrån kvalitativ ansats. Tolv vetenskapliga artiklar har granskats och analyserats utifrån Fribergs femstegsmodell (Friberg, 2012b). Resultat: Partners till strokedrabbade upplevde att relationen med den sjuke förändrades till det sämre i och med livskamratens stroke. Från att ha levt i ett jämställt kärleksförhållande förändrades relationen till att bli den mellan vårdgivare och vårdtagare eller rentav till att likna den mellan förälder och barn. Ansvarsfördelningen i familjen påverkades stort liksom det sociala livet. Partners till strokedrabbade upplevde överlag att en stor börda låg på deras axlar. De kände frustration, ilska och skuldkänslor liksom oro både för den strokedrabbades hälsa och för den gemensamma framtiden. Slutsats: Oavsett ålder så upplevde partners till strokedrabbade att livet förändrades och att de fick ta ett stort ansvar. Utifrån denna litteraturöversikt kan sjuksköterskans förståelse för partnerns situation öka. Det är viktigt att människor som arbetar inom strokevården förstår partnerns roll i sammanhanget och hur dennes hälsa kan påverkas. Ett bra stöd till partnern blir även ett bra stöd för den strokedrabbade. / Aim: To describe the partner´s experience of living with a stroke survivor. Method: A literature review was conducted using qualitative approach. Twelve scientific articles were reviewed and analyzed from Friberg five-step (Friberg, 2012b). Results: Partners of stroke survivors experienced a different life after the stroke. The relationship with the stroke survivor changed from an equal love relation to the relation between carer and caretaker, or even the one between parent and child. Partners of stroke survivors experienced they were carrying a tremendous amount of responsibilities on their shoulders. They expressed feelings of frustration, anger, guilt and worries about the future. Conclusion: Partners of stroke survivors experienced, regardless of age, a different life after the stroke.  Based on this literature review, nurses understanding of the partners experience may increase. It is important that health professionals understand the partner and how his/ her own health is affected. Sufficient support for the partner is at the same time support for the stroke survivor.

Le phloème est un tissu complexe composé de plusieurs types cellulaires, dont les cellules compagnes et les tubes criblés. Il permet le transport et l’allocation à longue distance de nombreux métabolites et de macromolécules. Il existe dans les tubes criblés des structures très spécifiques dont la fonction est inconnue. Par exemple le rôle des protéines phloémiennes PP2 (Phloem Protein 2) qui ont été de longue date décrite dans les tubes criblés, reste à définir. Les protéines PP2 présentent une activité de lectine et d’interaction avec des protéines de sève phloémienne, suggérant un rôle dans le transport de macromolécules dans le phloème.Nous avons étudié la fonction de deux membres de la famille, PP2-A1 et PP2-A2, chez l’espèce modèle Arabidopsis thaliana. Plusieurs approches ont été mises en œuvre pour étudier ces protéines ; une approche cytologique, la recherche de partenaire protéiques et la création de lignées dérégulées pour l’expression des gènes PP2. L’étude de la localisation de PP2-A1 avec des étiquettes fluorescentes dérivées de la GFP a été réalisée par microscopie confocale, dans les cellules compagnes et dans les tubes criblés ; elle a montré que cette protéine présente une localisation nucléo- cytoplasmique dans les cellules compagnes tandis qu’elle forme des agrégats fixés dans les tubes criblés. Ceci suggère que PP2-A1 est ancrée dans les tubes criblés, à la membrane plasmique ou à certains organites. Des résultats similaires ont été obtenus pour PP2-A2. Sur la base de cette première étude, nous permettant d’identifier in vivo avec précision les cellules compagnes et les tubes criblés, et en utilisant plusieurs marqueurs subcellulaires fluorescents de référence, nous avons réalisé une cartographie subcellulaire fine des cellules compagnes et des tubes criblés in vivo. Cette approche a permis de décrire in vivo l’organisation subcellulaire de ces cellules. Elle a révélé la présence de nombreux organites présents à la périphérie des tubes criblés et de nature énigmatique, suggérant une activité importante dans ces cellules, en accord avec des données récentes de protéome des tubes criblés. L’étude de lignées surexprimant des versions étiquetées de PP2-A1 et PP2-A2 nous a permis de mettre en évidence un phénotype altéré avec des plantes qui présentent un retard de floraison et une biomasse plus importante. Ces observations suggèrent que PP2-A1 et PP2-A2 pourraient avoir un rôle dans la signalisation à longue distance. Ces travaux, qui illustrent la complexité des cellules du phloème, apportent ainsi des éléments nouveaux sur les voies de signalisation à longue distance utilisées par les végétaux pour coordonner leur croissance et leur développement. / The phloem is a complex tissue, made of several cell types, including companion cells and sieve elements. It plays an important role in long-distance transport and allocation of a number of metabolites and macromolecules. The sieve elements display specific structures yet uncharacterized and of unknown function. For instance the function of the phloem specific PP2 proteins (Phloem Protein 2) that have been described for long in the sieve elements is still unclear. PP2 proteins present lectin activity and bind to phloem sap proteins, suggesting a role in the transport of macromolecules in the phloem. We have investigated the function of two members of this family, PP2-A1 and PP2-A2 in the model species Arabidopsis thaliana. Different approaches have been undertaken to study these proteins: a cytological approach, the research of partners, and the study of downregulated and upregulated lines for the PP2-A1 and PP2-A2 genes. Localization studies of PP2-A1 fused to GFP-derived fluorescent tags have been realized by confocal laser scanning microscopy in the companion cells and the sieve elements; they showed that PP2-A1 presents a nucleocytoplasmic localization in the companion cells, whereas it forms fixed aggregates in the sieve elements. It suggested that PP2-A1 is anchored to the plasma membrane or to organelles inside the sieve elements. Similar results were obtained for PP2-A2. Making use of this study to accurately identify companion cells and sieve elements in vivo, and using additional subcellular fluorescent markers, we realized a fine mapping of companion cells and sieve elements in vivo. This study revealed the presence of numerous organelles of unknown identity at the periphery of the sieve elements, suggesting an important activity in those cells consistent with recent proteomics analysis of the sieve tubes. The study of plants overexpressing tagged versions of PP2-A1 and PP2-A2 enabled to observe an altered phenotype with delayed flowering and increased biomass, suggesting that PP2-A1 and PP2-A2 may play a role in long distance signalling. This work illustrates the complexity of phloem cell organization and functions, bringing new elements on long distance signalling pathway used by the plants to coordinate their growth and development.

O câncer, como toda doença que ameaça a vida, atinge, além do doente, todos aqueles que lhe são próximos. Este estudo teve por objetivo compreender como é ser companheiro da mulher com câncer de mama, na perspectiva dele. Foi utilizada uma metodologia qualitativa, fundamentada no referencial teórico-metodológico da Psicologia Fenomenológico-Existencial, fundamentada no pensamento de Martin Heidegger. Participaram dez companheiros de mulheres com câncer de mama que frequentavam um núcleo de reabilitação de mastectomizadas. No período de junho a novembro de 2014, foram realizadas entrevistas fenomenológicas, individuais, audiogravadas, a partir de uma questão norteadora: \"Como tem sido para você ser companheiro de uma mulher com câncer de mama?\" As entrevistas foram transcritas de forma literal e na íntegra, constituindo o corpus de análise. Nas sucessivas leituras empreendidas, focalizou-se o fenômeno pesquisado em busca das unidades de significado que foram agrupadas dando origem aos eixos temáticos. Foram respeitados os preceitos éticos para pesquisas com seres humanos, contidos na Resolução 466/2012 do Conselho Nacional de Saúde. Os resultados foram apresentados em sete unidades significativas: Vivendo o impacto do diagnóstico e uma desestabilização emocional; Compartilhando o cuidado à mulher com outros familiares; Compartilhando o enfrentamento da doença na relação a dois; O enfrentamento da doença e seus efeitos sobre a intimidade do casal; No horizonte do tempo, o aceno da sombra da morte; Sofrimento psicológico dos companheiros; Suporte social utilizado pelos companheiros. Os resultados demonstraram que os companheiros sofreram e se disponibilizaram ao cuidado para com suas mulheres, desde o recebimento da notícia da doença até o dia da entrevista. Também reconheceram seus sofrimentos pelas dificuldades enfrentadas, mas não buscaram nenhuma ajuda profissional para cuidar deles próprios / Cancer, like any disease that threatens life, reaches beyond the sick, those who are closest to him. The purpose of this study is to understand how to be companion of women with breast cancer, in his perspective. A qualitative methodology, grounded on the theoretical framework of Phenomenological-Existential Psychology, based in the thought of Martin Heidegger was used. A total of ten partners of women with breast cancer who attended one mastectomy rehabilitation center. In the period from June to November 2014, phenomenological interviews, individual audio recorded were carried out, from a guiding question: \"How has it been for you to be companion of a woman with breast cancer?\" The interviews were transcribed literally and in full, constituting the corpus of analysis. Undertaken in successive readings, focused to the phenomenon researched in search of the meaning units were grouped giving rise to the themes. The ethical principles were respected for research with human beings contained in the National Health Council Resolution 466/2012. The results were presented in seven major units: Living the impact of diagnosis and emotional instability; Sharing the care of women with other family members; Sharing coping with the disease in couple\'s relationship; The coping with the disease and its effect on the couple\'s intimacy; In the time horizon, the beckon of the shadow of death; Psychological suffering of companions; Social support used by companions. The results showed that the companions suffered and made themselves available to care for their women from receiving the news of the disease until the day of the interview. They also acknowledged their suffering by the difficulties encountered, but did not seek any professional help to take care of themselves

The study of cat personality and behaviour can help minimize potential problems in the relationship between cats and their tutors and decrease relinquishment or maltreatment. Personality in animals is a promising area dedicated to studying characteristics of individuals that describe and account for temporally stable patterns of affection, cognition and behaviour traits. In general, people adopt cats according to their appearance, age or sex. Personality assessments can promote successful adoptions by identifying ideal animals for potential tutors. The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA) has implemented a program called Meet Your Match® (MYM) which assesses the personality of shelter cats and the life style of adopters. With a better match between cat and tutor, the rate of animals being returned to shelters tend to decrease and cats welfare and adaptation in new homes tend to improve. To evaluate physiological stress and personality dimension, faecal cortisol metabolites (FCM) levels were measured and a modified MYM protocol was applied in two localities: a shelter and the tutors home. Our main goals were: 1) verifying the validity of personality dimensions used in a modified MYM assessment in a Brazilian cat shelter sample through an exploratory study of the psychometric properties of the protocol, as well as an exploratory factor and a cluster analysis; 2) verifying the correlation between personality and faecal cortisol levels; 3) checking if MYM assessment is consistent through change of localities; and 4) finding out how moving from the shelter to the tutors home affects faecal cortisol metabolites levels. We found evidence of validity of the modified MYM assessment based on internal structure to personality dimensions in this sample, although it presented a factorial structure that differs from the original assessment. No correlation was found between personality dimensions and FCM levels, corroborating the literature. There was a slight decrease of FCM levels in homes, but most subjects maintained their FCM levels, showing that cats can cope with stress in both environments the shelters and the tutors home. MYM personality assessment was consistent throughout the change of localities, which indicates that it is a good instrument to assess cat personality / O estudo sobre comportamento e personalidade dos gatos pode ajudar a minimizar possíveis problemas na relação entre gatos e seus tutores e diminuir o abandono e os maus tratos. A personalidade em animais é uma área promissora, que estuda características dos indivíduos que descrevem e representam padrões temporais estáveis de afeto, cognição e comportamento. Em geral, as pessoas adotam um gato de acordo com a aparência, idade ou sexo do animal. As avaliações de personalidade podem promover adoções bem-sucedidas, identificando animais ideais para potenciais tutores. A American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA) implementou um programa chamado Meet Your Match® (MYM), que avalia a personalidade dos gatos e o estilo de vida de futuros tutores. Com uma melhor combinação entre gato e tutor, a taxa de devolução desses animais para abrigos pode diminuir e o bem-estar e a adaptação em novas residências tendem a melhorar. Para avaliar o estresse fisiológico e as dimensões da personalidade, metabólitos fecais de cortisol (MFC) foram medidos e a avaliação MYM foi aplicada em duas localidades: um abrigo e a residência do tutor. Nossos principais objetivos foram: 1) verificar a validade das dimensões de personalidade utilizadas na avaliação do MYM em uma amostra de abrigo brasileiro, por meio de um estudo exploratório das propriedades psicométricas do protocolo, uma análise de fator exploratório e uma análise de cluster; 2) verificar a correlação entre os tipos de personalidade e o cortisol fecal; 3) verificar se a avaliação do MYM foi consistente após mudança de localidades (abrigo e casa); e 4) verificar como a mudança do abrigo para a casa do tutor afeta os níveis de cortisol fecal. Encontramos evidências de validade da avaliação MYM modificada, baseadas na estrutura interna das dimensões da personalidade nesta amostra, embora a estrutura fatorial tenha sido diferente da avaliação original. Não foi encontrada correlação entre as dimensões de personalidade e os níveis de MFC, corroborando a literatura. Houve uma discreta diminuição dos níveis de MFC nas casas, mas a maioria dos indivíduos manteve seus níveis de MFC, mostrando que os gatos lidam bem com o estresse nos dois ambientes o abrigo e a casa do tutor. A avaliação de personalidade do MYM foi consistente na mudança de localidades, o que indica que ela é um bom instrumento para avaliar a personalidade de gatos