Thesis (Ph. D.)--Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 2005. / Typescript (photocopy).

Thesis (M.S.)--Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 2005. / Running title: Seasonal affective disorder and melanopsin. Typescript (photocopy).

Thesis--University of Oklahoma. / Bibliography: leaves 91-98.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 2005. / Typescript (photocopy).

This thesis examines the formative years of the Swedish tenants´ associations in Gothenburg and Stockholm and the strategies used by these organizations to alter the housing market, both on a local and on a national level. It is both a transfer analysis, examining how strategies from the labor market came to be applied to the rental market and a comparative study, comparing tenants´ associations in two Swedish cities. Hyresgästernas Centralförsamling (HCF) in Gothenburg had a more conflict-oriented approach toward both individual and collectively organized landlords. The organizational structure of HCF was similar to that of a trade union federation. This differed from Stockholms Hyresgästförening (SHG). Resembling more a political association than a militant union, SHG adopted strategies more focused on gaining legislative protection for tenants and increasing the supply of available housing. This was partly achieved through the co-operative housing society Hyresgästernas Sparkasse- och Byggnadsförening (HSB). This thesis argues that the common denominator for all these strategies was to reduce the internal competition between tenants and thus strengthening them as a collective force on the rental market. The main conclusion of the thesis is that the tenants´ associations cannot be easily categorized by standard organizational models. Shaped by local, organizational and ideological factors the tenants´ associations were hybrid organizations resembling both trade unions, cooperative societies

De nos jours, la transmission du patrimoine culturel immatériel reste une problématique internationale qui touche à la fois la question de conservation de notre passé et la question actuelle du développement de l’économie créative. Cependant, cette transmission se réalise à travers de différents biais éducatifs, qui pourraient être formels ou non formels, qui pourraient viser à former les professionnels ou les amateurs. Cette présente thèse a choisi le patrimoine artisanal et sa transmission comme le sujet de recherche, avec une attention particulière portée sur les formations formelles et non formelles, qui sont considérées comme les dispositifs de transmission professionnelle du patrimoine artisanal, le chercheur s’est approché vers un terrain spécifique, celui de l’artisanat de la céramique et a mené une étude comparative sur les formations formelles et non formelles, organisées dans les deux sociétés contrastées dont celle de la Chine et celle de la France, qui transmettent cet artisanat. En analysant les discours de 28 céramistes dont 14 céramistes indépendants (7 Chinois et 7 Français) et 14 céramistes salariés (7 Chinois et 7 Français), cette thèse vise à faire comprendre quels sont actuellement les modes (formels et non formels) de formation professionnelle en artisanat de la céramique, les plus respectivement favorisés par les céramistes praticiens en Chine et en France. Des perspectives sont dégagées sur les similarités et les écarts dans les comportements et les routines des activités de transfert, d’appropriation des savoirs et des savoir-faire concernés et de création à partir des savoirs et des savoir-faire transmis de chacun des modes de formation, employés dans ces deux contextes sociaux dissemblables que sont ceux de la Chine et de la France. / Today, the transmission of intangible cultural heritage remains an international issue that touches not only the preservation of the past but also the practical question of the development of creative economy. However, this transmission can be realized via various educational channels, whether it is formal or non-formal, which could aim to train professionals or amateurs. This thesis decided to choose the artisanal heritage and its transmission as the research subject, with a particular focus on formal and non-formal formations, which are considered as devices for the professional transmission of the artisanal heritage. The author advanced the topic towards a specific field, that of the craft of ceramics and carried out a comparative study on formal and non-formal formations, organized under the context of two contrasting societies, that of China and France, which transmit this craft. By analyzing the talks of 28 ceramists, including 14 independent ceramists (7 Chinese and 7 French) and 14 ceramists-employees (7 Chinese and 7 French), this thesis aims to offer a clear understanding on what are the prevailing modes (formal and non-formal) of vocational training in the craft of ceramics, that favored mostly by the ceramic practitioners in China and France. Observations and perspectives have been made on the similarities and differences in terms of practices and routines of transfer, acquisition, and creation of knowledge and the know-how of each of the training mode, adopted under the different social contexts of China and France, which are marked by sharp contrasts.

La liaison en français consiste en l’apparition d’une consonne de liaison entre deux mots dans des contextes précis de la chaîne parlée qui sont divisés en trois catégories : les contextes où la liaison est catégorique (un /n/ enfant), ceux où elle est variable (un gros /z/ avion) et ceux où elle est erratique (une chanson // anglaise). L’objectif de cette recherche est double : dans la première partie, nous exposons une analyse de chaque dimension linguistique et sociolinguistique impliquée dans le phénomène de la liaison. Chacune d’entre elles permet d’éclairer les études qui ont été réalisées ces dernières années auprès d’apprenants de FLE de niveau intermédiaire à avancé, afin de découvrir dans quelle mesure ils parviennent à s’approprier la liaison, en perception comme en production. Dans la seconde partie, nous présentons une étude expérimentale de l’appropriation de la liaison en français suivie par 17 apprenants coréens de FLE de niveau A1-A2 du CECRL enregistrés trois fois sur une durée d’un an, ainsi que par 165 enfants francophones natifs de deux à six ans. Comme il est impossible de comparer les deux groupes de participants du fait de conditions environnementales et de compétences cognitives non alignables, nous avons élaboré une méthode innovante d’appariement sur la base de données factuelles. Nos résultats nous permettent non seulement d’étayer le modèle constructionniste de l’acquisition de la liaison L1 (Chevrot, Dugua, & Fayol, 2009; Chevrot, Dugua, Harnois-Delpiano, Siccardi, & Spinelli, 2013) mais aussi d’esquisser le processus d’appropriation de la liaison L2, très influencé par la graphie apprise dès les premiers cours de FLE. Nous concluons par une mise en perspective didactique prenant en compte l’ensemble des prismes de ce kaléidoscope linguistique de la liaison en français car sans une perception claire de chacun d’entre eux, les apprenants de FLE ne peuvent qu’avoir une vision floue du phénomène. / French liaison is the appearance of a liaison consonant between two words in specific contexts within the spoken word chain. These contexts are divided into three categories : those where the liaison is categorical (e.g. “a child” : un /n/ enfant ), those where it is variable (e.g. “a big plane” : un gros /z/ avion) and those where it is forbidden (e.g. “an english song” : une chanson // anglaise ).The aim of this research is twofold. In the first part, we present an analysis of each linguistic and sociolinguistic sub-field involved in the phenomenon of French liaison. Each of them will allow to shed light on studies of the acquisition of French liaison that have been conducted with learners of FFL (intermediate to advanced level) in recent years. In the second part, we present a comparative study of the acquisition of French liaison based on experimental tasks performed by 17 Korean learners of FFL (level A1-A2 of the CEFR) recorded three times over a one-year and by 165 native children aged two to six. As it is impossible to compare the two groups of participants due to environmental conditions and to different cognitive skills, we have developed an innovative matching method based on factual data. On the one hand, this supports the constructionist model of the acquisition of the liaison L1 (Chevrot, Dugua, & Fayol, 2009; Chevrot, Dugua, Harnois-Delpiano, Siccardi, & Spinelli, 2013). On the other hand, this enables us to sketch the acquisition process of the liaison L2, very influenced by the spelling which is learned from the first FFL course. We conclude with a didactic perspective layout taking into account all the prisms of this linguistic kaleidoscope of French liaison because without a clear perception of each one, FFL learners are bound to have a partial and unfocused interpretation of this phenomenon.

Cette thèse a pour objectif de mieux comprendre les états émotionnels des enseignants d’E.P français et catalans et leurs modalités d’expression en situation de classe. Les participants ont été filmés en situation réelle d’enseignement durant 10 séances, puis des entretiens ont effectués immédiatement après la leçon pour recueillir les mesures des intensités d’état de colère et leurs verbalisations. Ces données ont d’abord permis l’élaboration de 144 fiches illustratives faisant référence à leurs états émotionnels, aux éléments signifiants du contexte, à leur manière de faire face, et à leurs justifications. Cellesci ont ensuite été analysées au travers d’un traitement mixte. Les résultats ont indiqué des différences entre les enseignants français et catalans, liées à la fois aux normes culturelles et à leur expérience. Les analyses qualitatives et quantitatives ont porté sur : (1) les types de provocations d’élèves (niveau d’organisation des règles transgressées, intensités générées chez les enseignants, caractère sexué), (2) les états de colère (intensité, travail émotionnel), (3) les modalités d’expression (colère « In », « Out », « contrôlée »), et (4) les variables situationnelles expliquant la variabilité des intensités (degré du dommage, caractère volontaire). Les spécificités supposées de la relation professeur-élèves en éducation physique et les caractéristiques de contexte des écoles classées en éducation prioritaire sont discutées au regard des résultats / The main objective of this doctoral dissertation was to understand in greater details the emotional states in french and catalan physical education teachers, and to see how they might express it when the perceived student misbehavior. Teachers have been videotaped when interacting with the students in classroom during 10 lessons. We further evaluated the intensity of the emotional states and recorded the participants’ comments during retrospective interviews. These data led to the elaboration of 144 briefs representative descriptions referring to their emotional states, the significant characteristics of the context, the way to react, and their justifications. Furthermore, these data were analysed using mixed methodology. Overall, he results provided evidence of group differences, probably due to cultural norms and expertise. Qualitative and quantitative analyses qere carried out to determine (1) the student’smisbehaviors (level of organization, intensity of the teacher’s emotional state, gender), (2) emotional states (intensity, emotional work), (3) the way to express it (anger “In”, “out”, “control”), and (4) situational variables predicting the variability of the intensity (degree of damage, volunteer characteristics). The specificity of the relationship between teachers and students in physical education and school context caracterics in priority areas is specifically discussed

INTRODUÇÃO: O diagnóstico microbiológico das infecções em artroplastias é de fundamental importância para a definição da estratégia de uso dos antimicrobianos. As culturas microbiológicas convencionais apresentam elevados índices de falso-negativos, em especial, nas infecções crônicas, em que é frequente a presença do biofilme aderido ao implante. A utilização de amostras deste biofilme, viáveis à cultura, a partir de seu descolamento do implante pela técnica de sonicação, tem mostrado aumento da sensibilidade em publicações recentes. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar os resultados das culturas microbiológicas de fragmentos de tecido periprotético, realizadas em meio sólido, àquelas obtidas pelo cultivo do líquido oriundo da sonicação do implante removido, semeado, inicialmente, em frascos de hemocultura e, posteriormente, em meio sólido. MÉTODOS: Neste estudo de análise descritiva, prospectivo e comparativo, 30 pacientes com diagnóstico de infecção em artroplastias de joelho ou quadril, com mais de 90 dias de história, tiveram seus implantes cirurgicamente removidos e foram coletadas seis amostras do tecido periprotético, de locais previamente determinados, para a realização de cultura microbiológica em meios sólidos. Simultaneamente, os implantes foram submetidos ao processo de sonicação e o material resultante foi injetado em frascos de hemocultura BD Bactec e submetidos ao processo de cultura automatizada. Todas as amostras foram pesquisadas quanto à presença de bactérias aeróbias, anaeróbias, micobactérias e fungos, e os resultados comparados por meio de análise estatística, em busca da superioridade de um método sobre o outro. Como objetivo secundário, buscou-se analisar quais os pontos de coleta do tecido periprotético teriam maior sensibilidade em suas culturas. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significantes da amostra em relação ao gênero, patologia articular primária, tipo de artroplastia, localização do implante ou lateralidade. Em 17 casos (56,7%), houve uso de antimicrobianos no período de 15 dias que antecederam a retirada do implante. O método de cultura do fluido de sonicação mostrou sensibilidade de 86,7% e foi superior, de modo estatisticamente significante (P < 0,001), em relação à cultura dos fragmentos periprotéticos, cujos resultados tiveram sensibilidades entre 26,7 e 53,3%. O uso de antibioticoterapia recente não interferiu de modo estatisticamente significante na sensibilidade da cultura do líquido oriundo da sonicação. (P = 0,113). Quanto ao objetivo secundário, a coleta de fragmentos da membrana periprotética mostrou maior sensibilidade, estatisticamente significante, na comparação com três dos demais cinco pontos de coleta (P < 0,05). CONCLUSÕES: A cultura microbiológica do líquido obtido por sonicação dos implantes removidos de pacientes com diagnóstico de infecção periprotética e semeado inicialmente em frascos de hemocultura mostrou ter sensibilidade superior, estatisticamente significante, à cultura convencional de fragmentos do tecido periprotético semeados em meios sólidos. A cultura microbiológica da membrana periprotética mostrou ter maior sensibilidade em relação à maioria dos outros sítios que tiveram fragmentos de tecido periprotético pesquisados. / INTRODUCTION: Microbiological diagnosis in periprosthetic infection is of fundamental importance to define the most appropriate antimicrobial strategies. Conventional microbiological cultures have high rates of false negatives, especially in chronic infections, in which there is often the presence of biofilm attached to the implant. The use of samples of viable culturable biofilm taken from the detachment of the implant by sonication technique has been shown to increase the sensitivity in recent studies. The objective of this study was to compare the results of microbiological cultures of periprosthetic tissue fragments, made in a solid medium, to those obtained through the cultivation of the liquid coming from the sonication of the removed implant initially seeded in blood culture bottles and later in solid medium. METHODS: Using descriptive, prospective and comparative analysis, thirty patients with a diagnosis of infected knee or hip arthroplasty, with more than ninety days of history, had their implants surgically removed. Six periprosthetic tissue samples, collected at predetermined places, were used for microbiological culture on solid media. Simultaneously, the implants were subjected to the sonication process, and the resulting material was injected into vials of BD Bactec blood cultures and subjected to an automated culture process. All samples were screened for the presence of aerobic bacteria, anaerobes, mycobacteria and fungi and the results compared by statistical analysis to find the superiority of one method over the other. As a secondary objective, this study sought to analyze which of the periprosthetic tissue collecting points would have greater sensitivity in their cultures. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in the sample as related to gender, primary joint pathology, type of arthroplasty, implant location or laterality. In seventeen cases (56.7%), antimicrobials were used within the 15-day period leading up to the removal of the implant. The sonication culture fluid showed a sensitivity of 86.7% and was higher, statistically significant (P < 0.001) in relation to the culture of periprosthetic fragments, where results displayed sensitivities between 26.7 and 53.3%. The use of recent antibiotic therapy did not affect the sensitivity of the liquid coming from the sonication culture, which was not statistically significant (P = 0.113). As for the secondary objective, the collection of periprosthetic membrane fragments showed higher sensitivity, statistically significant (P < 0.05), as compared to three of the remaining five collecting points. CONCLUSIONS: The microbiological culture liquid obtained by sonication of the implants removed from patients with diagnosis of periprosthetic infection and initially seeded in blood culture bottles was shown to have superior sensitivity, statistically significancy, as compared to conventional culture of the periprosthetic tissue fragments seeded on solid media. The microbiological culture of the periprosthetic membrane seems to be more sensitive compared to most other sites that had periprosthetic tissue fragments surveyed

Within this thesis, the diversity of environmental attitudes and their predictors among men and women in Czechia and Sweden is elaborated on based on ISSP 2010 Environment III data. Measuring the level of environmental attitudes and beliefs is quite complex, however the New Ecological Paradigm was used as a well-established measuring tool indicating the relationship and opinions of people concerning environment. Gender, or sex in this case, is one of the predictors that are often being mentioned impacting environmental attitudes. This thesis compares two similarly sized countries, Czechia and Sweden, and explores the character of the relationship subsisting between their environmental attitudes and gender in/equality with the use of statistical tools and gender lenses application. The thesis was inspired by the lack of studies connecting both mentioned countries being analysed in an intersectional manner. In the analysis, significant differences were found between both Czechia and Sweden, and men and women in what influences predictors for environmental attitude. The hypothesis assuming there would be notably lesser differences within Swedish men and women than Czech men and women was not confirmed. This study combining statistical methods and gender lenses illustrates that in understanding complex phenomena like environmental attitudes and beliefs, it is important to look at the issue from an intersectional perspective, and therefore, it should be emphasized gender (or sex in this case) explains only an infinitesimal proportion of environmental attitudes and beliefs, other variables such as country affiliation, age, education, religious affiliation, environmental knowledge, household income and in some instances also environmental behaviour seem to influence environmental attitudes and beliefs to a higher extent than gender and sex.