Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2018-06-25T14:24:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Luiz Augusto Ramos Pedro_.pdf: 866624 bytes, checksum: 769f533122ca8f35c01b3ae69d86a69c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-25T14:24:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luiz Augusto Ramos Pedro_.pdf: 866624 bytes, checksum: 769f533122ca8f35c01b3ae69d86a69c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-04-28 / Nenhuma / As interações sociais, no contexto atual, podem ser realizadas presencial ou mediadas por dispositivos de tecnologia da informação e comunicação. Considerando o contexto acadêmico, sobretudo na educação, pressupõe-se que as interações dos estudantes são influenciadas pelas novas tecnologias, principalmente, quando o enfoque está nos cursos da área tecnológica. A Internet assume, portanto, papel de destaque neste contexto. Por outro lado, as interações presencial são substanciadas pelas relações e estruturas sociais. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi observar como se dá a interação presencial e a interação mediada por computador, em um ambiente educacional, considerando um grupo formado por acadêmicos de cursos superiores da área de tecnologia de uma instituição de educação superior privada do Distrito Federal. Para tanto, optou-se por uma abordagem metodológica qualitativa, com mediação de grupo focal e aplicação da técnica de análise de conteúdo. Revelou-se que, para o grupo estudado, mesmo com forte aderência às novas tecnologias da informação e comunicação, há preferência pela interação presencial quando se trata de interações sociais mais aprofundadas. / Social interactions, in the current context, can be carried out face-to-face or mediated by information and communication technology devices. Considering the academic context, especially in education, it is assumed that the interactions of students are influenced by new technologies, especially when the focus is on technology courses. The Internet therefore plays a prominent role in this context. On the other hand, face-to-face interactions are substantiated by relationships and social structures. Thus, the objective of this study was to observe how face-to-face and computer-mediated interaction occurs in an educational environment, considering a group formed by academics of higher education in the technology area of a private higher education institution of the Federal District . For that, a qualitative methodological approach was chosen, with focal group mediation and application of the content analysis technique. It was revealed that, for the group studied, even with strong adherence to the new information and communication technologies, there is a preference for face-to-face interaction when it comes to deeper social interactions.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2016-12-22T11:11:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Adriana Marroni Zaniol Palombo Rossini.pdf: 4102985 bytes, checksum: 7bf9b50a485e1d376b7c136cd65a23e6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-22T11:11:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Adriana Marroni Zaniol Palombo Rossini.pdf: 4102985 bytes, checksum: 7bf9b50a485e1d376b7c136cd65a23e6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-07 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / This study aims at investigating how the use of digital information and communication technologies (TDIC) can help the development of reading comprehension on a course of English for Specific Purposes addressed to legal practitioners. The theoretical framework includes the concepts of English for Specific Purposes as Hutchinson and Waters (1987), Dudley-Evans and St. John (1998), Ramos (2004, 2009), Basturkmen (2010), Paltridge (2014), Johns (2015 ); the use of technological resources in teaching and learning languages in the area of Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL), according Chapelle (2010); Leffa (2006); Hubbard (2012) and the Pedagogical Ramos Proposal (2004) for the application of gender in language teaching that based the design of the activities supported by TDIC and analyzed in this research. Methodologically, this research is characterized as a case study (Stake, 1998; Johnson, 1992; Yin, 2010) and made use of the following instruments for data collection: questionnaires at three moments of the course – at the beginning, to raise and describe the profile of students, during the course, to identify the students’ perceptions about the use of digital technologies to assist in reading; and in the end to learn about the students’ perceptions as to their progress in the development of reading comprehension and vocabulary acquisition. Interviews were also held after the completion of the activities with digital resources and field notes were taken. The results revealed that, although little known online concordancers aroused interest and even facing difficulties students managed to use them. However, according to the participants’ perception online dictionaries were more effective in helping the understanding of legal texts written in English. However, it was revealed that students underuse this digital resource and the activities implemented during the course enabled the familiarization and greater knowledge of these resources. This study showed that digital resources, especially online dictionaries, helped expand both the knowledge of the legal language in English and knowledge of the English language in general. Resources potentiated the knowledge and independence offered to students in order to enable them to solve their difficulties in reading and vocabulary. This research aims to contribute to the English for Specific Purposes area, mainly with respect to legal English area and aims to bring contributions to the research on digital technologies applied to the development of understanding written texts in English / Este trabalho tem por objetivo investigar que percepções os alunos revelam sobre o uso dos recursos digitais para o desenvolvimento da compreensão escrita de textos jurídicos em língua inglesa. O referencial teórico inclui os conceitos sobre Inglês para Fins Específicos conforme Hutchinson e Waters (1987), Dudley-Evans e St. John (1998), Ramos (2004, 2009), Basturkmen (2010), Paltridge (2014), Johns (2015); o uso de recursos tecnológicos no ensino-aprendizagem de idiomas e a área de Aprendizagem de Línguas Mediada por Computador (Computer-Assisted Language Learning - CALL), segundo Chapelle (2010), Leffa (2006), Hubbard (2012); e a Proposta Pedagógica de Ramos (2004) para aplicação de gêneros no ensino de idiomas, que embasou o design das atividades apoiadas por TDIC e analisadas nesta pesquisa. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como estudo de caso (STAKE, 1998; JOHNSON, 1992; YIN, 2010), tendo sido adotados como instrumentos para coleta de dados: questionários em três momentos do curso – início, para identificar e descrever o perfil dos alunos; durante o curso, para identificar as percepções dos alunos quanto ao uso de tecnologias digitais para auxiliar na leitura; e, ao final, para identificar as percepções dos alunos quanto ao seu progresso no desenvolvimento da compreensão escrita e na aprendizagem de vocabulário. Foram, ainda, realizadas entrevistas após as atividades com os recursos digitais, e elaboradas anotações de campo. Os resultados revelaram que, apesar de pouco conhecidos, os concordanciadores on-line despertaram interesse nos participantes, pois, mesmo quando enfrentaram dificuldades, conseguiram utilizá-los. Na percepção dos participantes, os dicionários on-line foram mais eficazes no auxílio à compreensão escrita de textos jurídicos em inglês. Foi possível perceber, no entanto, que os alunos subutilizavam esse recurso digital e que as atividades aplicadas durante o curso propiciaram familiarização e maior conhecimento do recurso. Este estudo mostrou ainda que os recursos digitais, em especial os dicionários on-line, ajudaram a ampliar tanto o conhecimento da linguagem jurídica em inglês como o conhecimento da língua inglesa em geral. Foi possível constatar que os recursos potencializaram o conhecimento e ofereceram independência aos alunos no sentido de serem capazes, agora, de solucionar suas dificuldades de leitura e vocabulário. Esta pesquisa pretende contribuir para a área de Inglês para Fins Específicos, principalmente no que tange à área de inglês jurídico, e também trazer contribuições para o estudo sobre a aplicação de tecnologias digitais no desenvolvimento da compreensão escrita de textos em inglês

Social network sites (SNSs) have become a common part of everyday life for billions of people worldwide. Not everyone uses the same sites, nor are sites functionally equivalent in the eyes of users. Both established platforms and new upstarts may provide novel features or access to new audiences, yet users tend to remain on a few dominant platforms, especially Facebook, the world's reigning social network site. The goal of the present study is to understand why people are committed to specific social network sites, given that no site encompasses either all of a person's social connections or all possible gratifications available from online participation. Further, individuals do not always wish to have a single real-name identity for all online interactions, thus implying the necessary use of multiple accounts or sites. To understand SNS commitment, this study employs a mixed-methods research design by combining findings from a survey of 800 respondents with 50 semi-structured interviews. The research focuses on young adults in the UK and their use of four popular SNSs: Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and Snapchat. Findings indicate that network size has only a marginal effect on commitment, whereas the effect of identity performance is more pronounced, albeit in different ways on different sites. Social and informational gratifications have the strongest effect across all four SNSs, suggesting that commitment is primarily driven by repeated habit-forming experiences. To further help explain SNS commitment, this thesis employs a typology of social media users based on attitudes towards digital technology. It is evident that attitudes explain more variation in commitment than either demographic factors or personality. Qualitative analysis reinforces this finding by showing how users employ specific gratification-based repertoires to determine which sites to use and when. These findings help advance research on affordances, self-presentation and SNS use, while also making practical recommendations for social media platforms.

Nesta dissertação observo a experiência conversacional dos interagentes nos comentários dos blogs Melhores do Mundo, Interney e Pensar Enlouquece. A organização da conversa nos três ambientes foi feita e representada graficamente para auxílio na observação de como os interagentes conversam nos blogs. Entrevistas com os autores dos blogs e a Análise da Conversação nos comentários de suas postagens serviram de instrumento de análise. A interação mediada por computador foi contrastada com a face a face para se tomar conhecimento das transformações no virtual em relação ao presencial. Os resultados apontam que as práticas dos blogueiros ao lidarem com os comentários interferem na forma como se dá a conversação online nesse ambiente. O controle dos comentários ou a falta dele por parte do blogueiro ora orienta à interação um-um, ora orienta à interação todos-todos. O resultado mostra práticas de como são as conversas nos espaços de comentários desses blogs e oferece indícios para o estudo da conversação online. / On this essay I observe the conversational experience of the interacting on the comments of blogs Melhores do Mundo, Interney and Pensar Enlouquece. The arrangement of the conversation in all three environments was done and represented graphically to help the observation of how he interacting talk on the blogs. Interviews with the blogs' writers and the Conversation Analysis on the comments to their postings served as instruments of analysis. The computer-mediated interaction was contrasted with the face-to-face interaction, in order to acknowledge the transformations in the virtual, in relation to presential. The results point that the practice of the bloggers while dealing with comments interferes on the way the conversation is held in given environment. The control over the comments, or the lack of it by the blogger, sometimes orients to one-to-one interaction, while other times orients to all-to-all interaction. The result shows practices of how the conversations on these blogs' comment areas are, and offers indication to the studies of online conversation.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:33:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao.pdf: 2872996 bytes, checksum: 65ea8697ae5a923ad998749ced102e84 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-07-08 / It deals with a conception of an integrated communication and on-line tool, FACIO , whose target is to make the written messages management easier, which are elaborated in organized chat groups by themes. This tool searchs to atack two current problems: the great volume of interactions and contacts that someone has to manage and, with the scattered way this interactions happen. The tool is within the computer mediated communication (CMC) and in relation to face to face, the tools of CMC present deficiencies connected to the loss of conversation context in the chats and the loss of social and affective perception in the groups. Among the several proposed strategies, the use of the techniques of the information visualization area is one that is discussed. The application scenario is the teaching and learning, therefore some hypothetical aspects about the social relation among the ones involved are presented and correlated to the use of the tool. Some facilitator conditions to a situation of learning, of humanistic aspect, are also commented. By intending the dominion s exploration in a comprising way and with no commitment with a particular technology. The ontologies were an instrument of support to the used methodology. About the tool s resources, the integration is an important feature. For instance, synchronized and unsynchronized chats that usually are realized by various tools can be treated in an integrated and ortogonal way with FACIO. / Trata a concepção de uma ferramenta de comunicação integrada e on-line, o FACIO, cuja finalidade é facilitar o gerenciamento de mensagens escritas, elaboradas em conversas de grupos organizados em temas. A ferramenta busca atacar dois problemas atuais: o grande volume de interações e contatos que um indivíduo deve gerenciar e a forma dispersa com que essas interações ocorrem. A ferramenta está dentro da área de comunicação mediada por computador (CMC) e em relação à comunicação face a face, as ferramentas de CMC apresentam deficiências ligadas à perda de contexto nas conversas e a perda de percepção social e afetiva nos grupos. Dentre as várias estratégias propostas, o uso das técnicas da área de visualização de informações é uma discutida. O cenário de aplicação é o ensino e aprendizagem, portanto, alguns aspectos teóricos sobre a relação social entre os envolvidos são apresentados e correlacionados com o uso da ferramenta. Algumas condições facilitadoras para uma situação de aprendizagem, de aspecto humanista, também são comentadas. Por se pretender explorar o domínio de maneira mais abrangente e escompromissada com uma tecnologia em particular, as ontologias foram um instrumento de apoio à metodologia usada. Sobre os recursos da ferramenta, a integração é um traço importante. Por exemplo, conversas assíncronas e síncronas, que usualmente são realizadas por diversas ferramentas, podem ser tratadas de maneira integrada e ortogonal no FACIO.

Como os interagentes selecionam conteúdo sob a influência dos sistemas de recomendação digital é o problema de pesquisa apresentado nesta tese. A abundância de dados nos repositórios digitais exige sistemas de recuperação de informação eficazes para auxiliar o usuário na gestão e na seleção de itens de informação. Desta forma, o objetivo geral deste trabalho pretende investigar o comportamento dos interagentes na seleção de itens frente ao sistema de recomendação digital do website da loja virtual Amazon. O sistema de recomendação da Amazon foi investigado com a intenção de se compreender como o usuário utiliza um sistema automatizado de listas de referências em forma de recomendação de conteúdo. O funcionamento dos sistemas de recomendação é fundamentado com a proposta de conhecer suas características e funcionalidades. Como o problema de pesquisa tem em sua temática a recomendação de itens de informação, tornou-se necessário compreender como os usuários interagem com os sistemas para perceber como as recomendações são feitas. O aporte teórico desta pesquisa aproxima os estudos dos campos da Informação e da Comunicação. As técnicas de pesquisas aplicadas envolvem métodos de pesquisa qualitativa. Ao distinguir as recomendações a partir das interações reativas e mútuas dos usuários, propõe-se nesta tese a Matriz de Recomendações de Itens de Informação constituída pelos seguintes quadrantes: Recomendações Objetivas Digitais; Recomendações Subjetivas Digitais; Recomendações Objetivas Analógicas e Recomendações Subjetivas Analógicas. Digitais; Recomendações Objetivas Analógicas e Recomendações Subjetivas Analógicas. Para analisar o comportamento dos interagentes no uso dessas recomendações, a estratégia metodológica aplicou entrevista em profundidade e observação direta. Os resultados desta pesquisa consideram que o internauta recorre a mais de um tipo de recomendação quando a seleção envolve conteúdo significativo, enquanto segue passivamente sistemas de recomendações automatizados quando o custo pessoal diretamente aplicado é baixo ou inexistente. / As the interacting select content under the influence of digital recommender systems is the research problem presented in this thesis. The abundance of data in digital repositories recovery requires effective information systems to assist the user in the management and selection of information items. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the behavior of the interacting in the selection of digital items across the recommendation of the Amazon’s bookshop website. The Amazon's recommendation system was investigated with the aim of understanding how the user uses an automated reference lists in the form of content recommendation. The performance of recommender systems is founded with the purpose of knowing their characteristics and functionalities. As the research problem is in your subject to the recommendation of information items, it became necessary to understand how users interact with this system to understand how the recommendations are made. The theoretical contribution of this research approaches the fields of Information and Communication. The technique applied involves qualitative research methods. By distinguishing the recommendations from reactive and mutual interactions of users, is propos in this research the Model of Recommendation Information Items consist of the following quadrants: Digital Objective Recommendations; Digital Subjective Recommendations; Analog Subjective Recommendations and Analog Objective Recommendations. To analyze the behavior of interactors in the use of these recommendations, the methodological strategy applied in-depth interviews and direct observation. The results of this research consider that the Internet uses more than one type of recommendation when the selection involves significant content, while passively follows recommendations of automated systems when applied directly to the personal cost is low or nonexistent.

I samband med att Akademiska sjukhuset bytte ut sitt journalsystem till Cosmic R8.1 gavs utbildningar i det nya systemet till de anställda. Detta arbetets syfte var att undersöka vilka inlärningsmetoder och moment som användes för att utbilda slutanvändarna om det nya journalsystemet före dess införande, samt föreslå eventuella förbättringsmöjligheter baserat på metodernas befintliga stöd i vetenskapliga artiklar. Fyra intervjuer utfördes på tre olika personer som har utformat utbildningarna, utbildat slutanvändare eller varit involverad i både utformning och utbildning. Intervjuerna analyserades med en kvalitativ analys och genom ett ramverk för utbildning av slutanvändare som baseras på Adaptive structuration theory. Metoderna som användes var kollaborativ inlärning, inlärning från datorer och inlärning med datorer. Dessa metoder har stöd i ett fåtal vetenskapliga artiklar, inga av dessa källor har visat på att de skulle vara sämre än katederundervisning. Två metoder som har fått stöd av fler vetenskapliga artiklar är observationsinlärning och enaktiv inlärning, metoder som baseras på reflektion av andras och egna beteenden. / When the Swedish hospital Akademiska sjukhuset changed its journal system to Cosmic R8.1, training in the new journal system was given to the employees. The purpose of this work was to investigate the training methods and moments used to educate end users about the new journal system before its implementation, and also suggest possible improvement opportunities based on the existing support of the methods in scientific literature. Four interviews were conducted on three different people who have designed the programs, trained end users or have been involved in both design and education. The interviews were analyzed with a qualitative analysis and through a framework for end-user training based on Adaptive Structure Theory. The methods used were collaborative learning, learning from computers and learning with computers. These methods are supported by a few scientific articles, none of these sources have shown that they would be inferior to cathedral teaching. Two methods that have been supported by more scientific articles are observational learning and inactive learning, methods that are based on the reflection of others and their own behaviors.

Background: Suicidal young adults often confide their distress to peers. It is unclear, however, what types of assistance a friend may offer in response to various symptoms of distress as well as whether the sex of either individual affects responses. Aims: We examined open-ended responses to e-mail vignettes from a fictitious friend exhibiting depressed, irritable, or overtly suicidal communications. Method: College student participants (n = 106) read e-mail messages from a fictitious friend, to which they composed a reply. Replies were coded to reflect the presence/absence of mention of professional help, problem-oriented (personal) help, and social support. Results: Problem-oriented help was offered the most across conditions; professional help was offered least in response to depressed or irritable vignettes. Women were more likely to offer any type of help than men. Patterns of help-giving and sex differences in help-giving varied by condition. Conclusions: Results indicate students’ preferences for solving peer problems personally rather than professionally. Campus prevention and intervention efforts should focus on enhancing students’ peer support and referral skills.

<p>This dissertation is a study of social interaction in virtual worlds and virtual world design. A virtual world is a synchronous, multi-user system that offers a persistent spatial environment for iconically represented participants. Together, these form an example of social interaction design. I have applied an arena perspective on my object of study, meaning that I focus on these socio-technical systems as places.</p><p>I have investigated the persistent qualities of social interaction in virtual worlds. What I have found is that virtual worlds are as real as the physical world. They are filled with real people interacting with each other evoking real emotions and leading to real consequences. There are no fixed boundaries between the virtual and physical arenas that make up a participant’s lifeworld.</p><p>I have found that participants in virtual worlds are not anonymous and bodiless actors on a level playing field. Participants construct everything needed to create social structures such as identities and status symbols. The qualities of social interaction in virtual worlds cannot be measured against physical interaction. Doing so conceals the qualities of virtual interaction. Through the concepts of levity and proximity, I offer an alternative measure that better captures the unique properties of the medium. Levity is related to the use of avatars and the displacement into a virtual context and manifests itself as a kind of lightness in the way participants approach the interaction. Proximity is my term for the transformation of social distances that takes place in virtual worlds. While participants perceive that they are in the same place despite being physically separated, the technology can also create barriers separating participants from their physical surroundings. The gap between the participant and her avatar is also of social significance.</p><p>As a theoretical foundation for design, I have used Michael Heim’s writings and practices as a base for a phenomenologically grounded approach, which provides an alternative to the dominating perspectives of architecture and engineering. Based on an explorative design project and the earlier mentioned findings regarding social interaction, I have formulated a model for virtual world design called interacture. This model takes the interaction between participants as the fundamental building material and the starting point of the design process. From there, layers of function and structure are added, all the time balancing the design between fantasy and realism.</p><p>I have explored the possibilities of using ethnographic studies as the foundation for a participant centered design approach. I have aimed for an inside view of my object of study both as an ethnographer and as a designer. One outcome of this approach is that I have come to understand virtual worlds not just as places but also as processes where the experience of participating can change drastically over time as the participant reaches new stages in the process.</p><p>In conclusion, the method of integrating ethnography with design and the understanding of social interaction as the fundamental building material is woven into a general approach to the study and design of socio-technical systems called social interaction design.</p>

<p>- ABSTRACT –</p><p>Title: Winners of the Web ( Webbens vinnare)</p><p>Number of pages: 35 (including enclosures)</p><p>Author: Lydia Kellam</p><p>Tutor: Else Nygren</p><p>Course: Media and Communication Studies C</p><p>Period: Fall Semester 2006</p><p>University: Division of Media and Communication, Department of Information Science</p><p>Purpose: The aim of the research paper was to see Internet and the digital techniques impact on marketing communication and consuming behavior on the Web. By understanding the relationship between marketing communication and consumer behavior my intentions were to comprehend how consumer behavior on the web could be understand. The purpose of this paper is to understand how different marketing activities on the Internet are followed by consumption.</p><p>Material/Method: By using focus group interviews I wanted to study how individuals act on the Internet. How different activities such as communication and participation on the web could lead to consumption on the Internet. As a method, focus group interviews capture the social interactions and participants affect each other. The social effect, in particularly, gained the results and the analysis of this paper.</p><p>Main Result: Consumer on the Internet experience that commercial messages on the Web are overloaded, and use consumer powered sites an alternative. Consumer driven websites increases and so is the influence of the consumer,since users on the web reject the commercial messages, a strategy where the interaction between companies and consumer is supportive for both parties is demanded. There fore a more individual aim on the marketing communication on the Internet is required. For example commercial messages that are directed to a specific consumer, and that relate to the interactive possibilities on the Web.</p><p>Keywords: Internet, New Media, Web 2.0, Marketing Communication, Computer Mediated Communication, Consumer behavior, Social Interactions, Digital marketing, Digital consumption.</p>