<p>Följande rapport redogör för det utvecklingsarbete som hade som målbild att kombinera två produkter från X-ponent Stålinredningar AB, nämligen ordning-och-reda-systemet ToolTracker och ett verktygsskåp benämnt X-102.</p><p>Detta utvecklingsarbete pågick under kursen KPP305, Examensarbete Produktutveckling, på Mälardalens högskola.</p><p>Uppdragsgivaren X-ponent Stålinredningar AB hade under en tid utvecklat det intelligent ordning-och-reda-system, ToolTracker, och genom en efterfrågan på marknaden har företaget känt ett behov av att vidareutveckla detta system och placera detta i ett verktygsskåp.</p><p>Denna produkt skulle fungera så att användaren loggar in i systemet via en RFID-läsare placerad på utsidan av skåpet, och samtidigt som en godkänd inloggning sker så låses skåpet upp automatiskt och användaren får tillgång till de verktyg som finns i skåpet. Väljer användaren att checka ut ett verktyg registreras tidpunkt för detta samt vem som tagit verktyget i systemets databas för att möjliggöra spårning av verktyget.</p><p>De direktiv som företaget gav för projektet var att det befintliga ToolTracker-systemet skulle verka på samma sätt som tidigare, vilket gav avgränsningar mot att påverka ToolTracker-systemet.</p><p>De problem som skulle lösas var således hur ToolTracker-systemets komponenter skulle placeras i skåpets utrymme, samt hur låskonstruktionen skulle utformas för att uppfylla de krav som ställts. De viktigaste funktioner som låskonstruktionen var tvungen att inneha, var att kunna låsa upp skåpet automatiskt vid inloggning, skåpet ska låsas automatiskt då dörren stängs samt att låset skulle kunna låsas upp manuellt. Dessa krav samt ytterligare en mängd krav kunde formuleras i den kravspecifikation som togs fram och låg som grund för arbetet. Ett genomgående viktigt krav i hela arbetet var att förändra det ursprungliga skåpet så lite som möjligt.</p><p>När kraven tydliggjorts kunde en mängd idéer tas fram och utvecklas vidare till fullgoda koncept. Dessa koncept togs därefter genom en process där koncepten utvecklades och därefter bedömdes efter lämplighet för att sedan utvärderas och ett val av slutligt koncept skedde utifrån resultaten av dessa moment. Det vinnande konceptet uppfyllde de viktiga kraven på funktioner samt hade en väldigt liten påverkan på skåpets ursprungliga konstruktion, vilket var stora bidragande orsaker till att detta koncept valdes. Detta koncept modelleras sedan upp fullständigt med hjälp av CAD-verktyget SolidWorks för att lösa de kvarstående frågetecknen kring hur monteringen av komponenter o.s.v. skulle ske.</p><p>Det slutliga konceptet har ett elektriskt slutbleck som låses upp då en signal läggs på, denna signal kommer då en inloggning sker i RFID-läsaren. Den automatiska låsningen av dörren sker genom att slutbleckets fall är öppet tills dörren stängs och skåpet påverkar fallet till låst läge. Den manuella öppningen sker genom den ursprungliga espanjolettlösningen.</p><p>Analysen av resultatet säger att konceptet uppfyller de krav som ställts upp och besvarar de problemformuleringar som legat till grund för detta arbete. Målet kan därför ses som uppfyllt.</p><p>Slutsatsen av projektet är att arbetet uppfyllde de mål som satts angående problemformuleringen, målet att ta fram en prototyp uppfylldes inte men en CAD-modell att möjliggöra detta i framtiden har tagits fram. En fortsättning på detta arbete bör därför innehålla en framtagning av en fysisk prototyp, för att verifiera att teorin och praktiken överensstämmer på ett tillfredsställande vis.</p> / <p>The following thesis report describes the development that intended to combine two existing products from X-ponents Stålinredningar AB, the orderliness-system ToolTracker and a tool cabinet named X-102.</p><p>This development lasted during the course KPP305, Examensarbete Produktutveckling, at Mälardalen University.</p><p>The outsourcer X-ponent Stålinredningar AB had during a period of time developed an orderliness-system and through a demand from the market, the company felt the need to further develop this product and place the product in a cabinet.</p><p>This product would give the user the opportunity to log on to the system via a RFID-reader placed on the front of the cabinet, and when the approved login appears the cabinet unlocks automatically and the user gets access to the tools placed in the cabinet. If the user chooses to check out a tool then the time and id for the user gets saved in the database to enable tracking of the tool.</p><p>The terms that the company stated for the project was that the original ToolTracker-system should work in the same way, this meant that no work on the ToolTracker-system should be done.</p><p>The problems that would be solved were hence how the components of the ToolTracker-system would be placed inside the cabinet, and how the locking mechanism should be designed to fulfill the demands put on the product. The most important functions that had to be implemented was that the lock should unlock itself automatically when an approved login happened, the locking mechanism also had to lock itself when the door is shut, and the user should also be able to unlock the door by manual force. These demands and more where written in the technical specifications list and became the foundation of this development. An important demand during the entire development process was that the cabinet should be modified as little as possible.</p><p>As the demands clarified a quantity of ideas could take form and develop into concepts. These concepts were thereafter moved through a process were these concepts were developed and then criticized by their feasibility. Thereafter the concepts were evaluated and one final concept could be chosen as a result from these operations. The final draft meets the demands put on functions as well as the modifications on the original cabinet, which were big contributions why this concept were chosen. Thereafter a 3D-model of the construction was made in SolidWorks, this was done to answer the final questions about the assembly and such.</p><p>The final draft possesses an electric strike plate that is unlocked when a signal is sent to it. This signal is sent from the RFID-reader when a login takes place. The automatic locking takes place when the barrier is affected by the door shutting. To open the door manually the user uses the existent espanjolett.</p><p>The analysis of the result states that de final solution fulfills the demands put on the product and also solves the formulated problems which this project where based on. The goal can therefore be stated as reached.</p><p>The conclusion for this project is that the development work fulfilled the goals put. A physical prototype should also be manufactured to verify that the theoretical concept matches reality in a satisfied manner.</p>

<p>Within the telecommunication business there are a lot of different hardware designs made for outside locations. Many of these outdoor products contain sensitive electronic equipment and all of these designs must be able to function in extreme environments. They might be mounted on the ground, on a wall or on masts at varying altitudes. They need to be enclosed and protected against blizzards, moisture, sandstorms, earthquakes, dust and similar contaminations or nature phenomena in order to assure a reliable and proper function of the device.</p><p>To delimit this thesis the focus is completely set on outdoor enclosures with hinged doors. The sealing solution for the enclosure door is crucial because it is the weakest link in the environmental protection. The aim with this thesis is to find a robust yet versatile sealing solution for Ericsson outdoor cabinets.</p><p>The sealing solution does not only concern the gasket design, it is in fact the entire principle when it comes to seal the door. Interesting features are choice of locking system, the positions of the hinges and other details which might affect the sealing of the enclosure door.</p><p>The project includes the whole product development process from pre-study to concept development and evaluation of proposal design. The pre-study contain extensive literature research, benchmark and a state of the art investigation. A number of concepts are generated, screened, compared and ranked with systematic concept development methods. At last, one final concept is selected for further development. The chosen sealing solution is refined and a functional model is made. A simple prototype of the sealing solution is designed, manufactured and tested to validate the functionality of the concept.</p><p>An economical analysis is performed in order to approximate the manufacturing cost of the gasket proposed in the sealing solution and to compare the unit price for different batch sizes. The water intrusion test indicates that the solution seems promising and that the result is a simple and robust sealing solution that easily can be implemented on various enclosure types.</p> / <p>Inom telecom-industrin finns det många typer av hårdvara som är konstruerad för att placeras utomhus. Många av dessa utomhusprodukter innehåller känslig elektronisk utrustning och alla dessa konstruktioner måste fungera i extrema miljöer. De kan monteras på marken, på väggar eller på master på olika höjder. De måste vara täta och skyddade mot snöstormar, fukt, sandstormar, jordbävningar, damm och liknande föroreningar eller naturfenomen för att säkerställa en tillförlitlig och korrekt funktion hos anordningen.</p><p>För att begränsa detta examensarbete är fokus helt inställt på utomhusskåp med gångjärnsupphända dörrar. Tätningslösningen för skåpdörren är kritisk eftersom den utgör den svagaste länken i väderskyddet. Målet med detta examensarbete är att hitta en robust men samtidigt mångsidig lösning för Ericssons utomhuskabinet.</p><p>Tätningslösningen handlar inte enbart om packningsutformningen utan den täcker faktiskt hela principen för hur dörren tätas. Intressanta delar är val av lås-lösning, placeringen av gångjärnen och andra detaljer som kan påverka tätningen av skåpsdörren.</p><p>Projektet behandlar hela produktutvecklingsprocessen från förstudie till konceptutveckling och utvärdering av föreslagen konstruktion. Förstudien innehöll en utförlig litteraturstudie, en ”benchmark” och en ”state of the art” undersökning. Ett antal koncept genererades, kontrollerades, jämfördes och rankades med hjälp av systematiska konceptutvecklingsmetoder. Till sist valdes ett slutgiltigt koncept ut för vidare utveckling. Den valda tätningslösningen förfinades och en funktionsmodell byggdes. En enkel prototyp av tätningslösningen konstruerades, tillverkades och testades för att validera funktionen hos konceptet.</p><p>En ekonomisk analys utfördes för att uppskatta tillverkningskostnaden för den föreslagna packningen i tätningslösningen och för att jämföra enhetspriset för olika seriestorlekar. Ett vattentäthetstest visar att lösningen verkar lovande och att resultatet är en enkel och robust tätningslösning som på ett enkelt sätt kan implementeras på olika skåpstyper.</p>

No description available.

<p>The background for this degree thesis is a need to replace the existing seal used to protect equipment containing secret or sensitive equipment used by Swedish Defence. The target design should satisfy both the need for tamper evidence and reduce Life Cycle Cost. In developing a new design for a seal, additional benefits such as improved logistics support and indication of attack methods such as heat and solvents have been considered.</p><p>The lack of guiding principles for end users of seals became evident during the interviews. Major concerns for the future are education of users, information about actions if a seal is broken and user liability.</p><p>The design work was divided into several phases. A feasibility study was performed including investigation of theory of labels, materials and possible technologies. The feasibility study also includes a requirement analysis based on interviews. This analysis was later used as a tool for evaluating different concepts.</p><p>Using the list of construction criteria and the morphologic matrix 27 different concepts where created. All of these concepts did not go further in the concept development but are described in the thesis as part of the result. Evaluation of methods for validation and verification was done to get a deeper understanding of material properties and facilitate the requirement process in future work.</p><p>The final result of the design process is two concepts. The first concept is based on 2D-barcode, thermocromic material and a double foil label in which the material at the bottom is brittle. The second concept contains active RFID protected by a brittle material and with clear guiding principles. Both concepts are suitable solutions. The reason for presenting two concepts is some remaining uncertainties with RFID technology used in the second concept.</p> / <p>Bakgrunden till examensarbetet är att plomberingen som försvaret använder idag för att skydda sina utrustningar mot intrång inte uppfyller försvarets krav. Den nuvarande konstruktionen är bl.a. tidskrävande och har en hög kostnad ur ett livscykelperspektiv.</p><p>Vid undersökning av problemet framkom även brister i de riktlinjer som finns runt plomberingen. Detta gäller framförallt utbildning och användarskyldigheter. Genom att utveckla en ny plombering för utrustningar i försvaret kommer eventuell hemlig information skyddas bättre.</p><p>För att systematiskt få fram bra koncept gjordes en omfattande förstudie. Förstudien innehåller utvärderingar av olika tekniker och material samt en teoridel om etiketter. I förstudien inkluderas även en behovsanalys som är baserad på intervjuer. Analysen användes sedan som hjälpmedel i de olika utvärderingarna i examensarbetet.</p><p>För att underlätta framtagningen av en kravställning vid upphandling har olika metoder för verifiering och validering utvärderats.</p><p>Genom konstruktionskriterielistan och den morfologiska matrisen skapades 27 koncept. Även om alla dessa koncept inte gick vidare till konceptutveckling bör de betraktas som en del av resultatet.</p><p>Resultatet av arbetet redovisas i två koncept. Det första konceptet bygger på 2D-streckkod, termokromfärg och dubbelt etikettmaterial varav det understa materialet är sprött. Det andra konceptet bygger på aktiv RFID med tydliga användarriktlinjer som är skyddat med sprött material.</p><p>Anledningen till att två koncept valdes som resultat beror på att båda visades vara lämpliga lösningar på problemet men även för att förberedda sig på eventuella osäkerheter runt RFID.</p>

<p>About ten years ago Volvo Cars could see that car manufactures began to introduce rear wheel arch liners made of non-woven fabrics or some kind of laminate which are mostly common today. Volvo Cars have also seen that competitors now are beginning to develop the front wheel arch liners more and more and expect a development equal to the one for the rear wheel arch liners. This is why we are set to optimize the front wheel arch liner.</p><p>For development of mechanical products such as car parts, a discursive method is most suitable to follow. For example systematical concept development which we have used in our work.</p><p>From a technical point of view, our results shows that the penta laminate used for the wheel arch liner on Mercedes Benz S-class is by far the best material. Unfortunately it is rather expensive which of course affects its result in a negative way when cost is taken in to consideration. When including cost, the solid plastic is actually rather economical.</p><p>After assessment of the result in total we are however convinced that Volvo Cars should concentrate on further research of penta laminate and open negotiations with different suppliers regarding a material of this kind.</p><p>Regarding the geometry, the tests and studies that Volvo Cars have performed earlier on splash shields clearly shows the usage of the part and further research done by our selves does not point at any problems with a splash shield integrated in the wheel arch liner.</p> / <p>För ungefär tio år sedan kunde Volvo Cars se att biltillverkare började introducera bakre hjulhus tillverkade av ”non-woven” fibrer eller någon form av laminat vilket idag är högst vanligt. Volvo Cars har också sett att konkurrenter nu börjar utveckla främre hjulhus mer och mer och räknar med en utveckling liknande den för bakre hjulhus. Detta är anledningen till att vi har fått uppgiften att optimera det främre hjulhuset.</p><p>För utveckling av mekaniska produkter så som bildelar, är en diskursiv metod mest lämpad att följa. Till exempel systematisk konceptutveckling som vi har valt att använda i vårt arbete.</p><p>Sett ur ett tekniskt perspektiv, visar våra resultat att pentalaminatet som används för hjulhusen på Mercedes Benz S-klass, är det överlägset bästa materialet. Tyvärr ar det ganska dyrt vilket naturligtvis påverkar dess resultat negativt när hänsyn tas till kostnader. När vi även ser till kostnaderna, är faktiskt den rena plasten mycket ekonomisk. Efter bedömning av det totala resultatet, är vi helt övertygade om att Volvo Cars borde koncentrera sig på fortsatta undersökningar av pentalaminat och inleda förhandlingar med olika underleverantörer angående material av denna typ.</p><p>Angående geometrin, visar Volvo Cars’ sedan tidigare genomförda tester och studier att en splash shield fyller en viktig funktion och vidare undersökningar genomförda av oss själva pekar inte på några problem med en i hjulhuset integrerad splash shield.</p>

<p>Some products share one or two modules and while developing these products, structural optimization with stiffness as the objective function can be a useful tool. There might be no or very little CAD-data available in the pre-development phase and it is not certain that existing designs can be, or is desirable to use as a reference. The main objective of this thesis is to establish an accurate and fast-to-use methodology which can be utilized while developing new cars.</p><p>In this thesis, the Volvo products S40, V50 and C70 serve as a basis for this case study. All the models are beam structures and the masses of components are added as point and line masses. Several optimization analyses are performed on one or three products exposed to seven load cases. Additional analyses with shell elements, more simplified models and changed load case balance achieved by normalization of the different load case compliances are also studied to investigate how these factors influence the results.</p><p>Analyses show that front crash to a great extent dominates the results while normalization increases the influence of the remaining load cases. Since front crash is dominating and the front area is shared in all products, the performance is remarkably similar when three products are optimized compared to separate analyses of one product. Analysis of models without added point or line masses gives a result which greatly differs from previous results and therefore shows that added masses are required. The methodology is applicable to develop products and detect new load paths through the car.</p>

<p>This Master of Science thesis was a part of Pharmadule Emtungas project to construct a mobile automated cell for welding of carbon steel pipe (Heating, Ventilation and Sanitation). Pharmadule Emtunga is using a modular building concept for building pharmaceutical factories. The modules contain these pipes. The goal of the thesis was to present concepts for technical solutions regarding welding methods and fixtures for the cell. Conceptual models for the cell were made with aid of CAD software. A concept generation/evaluation resulted in the winning concept; orbital welding using V-stands as fixture method. The main purpose of the fixture is to offer fast and accurate alignment of pipes, with arbitrary lengths and fittings. The fixture was made after a thorough evaluation of data concerning geometries and occurrences of pipes in a typical pharmaceutical factory.</p><p>A number of efficiency problems concerning welding were identified during the project. The thesis presents a four-step process for increased productivity of welding in workshop as well as in the automated cell:</p><p>1. Change payment routines so that Pharmadule Emtunga does not pay for so called “double welds”, welds that never is carried out.</p><p>2. Update lists of time basis used for billing so that they represent actual time needed.</p><p>3. Increase productivity in welding by obtaining an automated welding cell with work and fixturing as proposed in this thesis.</p><p>4. Increase productivity by introducing orbital welding in the cell.</p><p>Additional work with efficiency should be performed in connection with the execution of these four steps:</p><p>• Possibilities of parallel work in the cell should be investigated.</p><p>• Construction personnel need to work by the “Design for Manufacturing” (DFM) principle.</p><p>• Single-module production would contribute to steady flow through the cell.</p><p>• Better drawing data may increase number of welds performed in workshop.</p>

<p>This report is one part of a masters thesis in mechanical engineeing. Is is executed at the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Linköping Insitute of Technology in cooperation with Saab Aerosystems in Linköping.</p><p>A tool for concept generation called a quantified interactive morphological matrix has been created. It is based on rules of thumb and approximations concerning aircraft fuel systems.</p><p>The tool can be used for discarding bad concepts, with regard to weight, power consumption and MTBF, during the concept phase of a fuel system design process. The tool is ready for calibration towards a future specific area of use. It is open for validation and optimization and is specifically designed to be easily modified for different future products.</p><p>Suggestions for future use has been given concerning expansion, implementation, validation and optimization.</p>

<p>A finite element model has been developed to simulate the forming of a channel section profile with the roll forming method. The model has been optimized to experimental results with respect to strains at the edge of the sheet and spring back of the sides of the profile. Finite element models with a coarse mesh have been compared to models with a finer mesh. The models with to fine mesh become instable and a model with a rather coarse mesh was finally chosen.</p><p>Both the models with shell elements and the models with solid elements have been used in the simulations. The simulations with shell elements gave very good results both for the geometry shape and the strains at the edge of the sheet. The reaction forces at the tools found in the simulations was only half of the reaction forces fond in the experiments.</p><p>The simulations with the solid element model showed very good results for the reaction forces while the geometry shape of the sheet was really bad. The spring back was much larger in the simulations than in the experiments.</p><p>The shell element model was chosen because of the excessive spring back with the solid element model. The spring back of the sides of the sheet differs only a few percent between the simulation and the experiment results when using the shell element model. The reaction forces at the tools in the simulation are only half of the reaction forces measured in the experiments but the results from the simulations are linearly proportional to the results in the experiments. The model that finally was chosen describe both the spring back and the strains at the edge of the sheet very well. Like in the experiments there were no signs of wrinkles at the sheet in any of the simulations.</p>

<p>During my studies to become a guitar builder at Carl Malmsten CTD, I have found an interest in the construction of the classical guitar. I am fascinated by the simplicity of its construction. A simplicity that becomes more complex when you start to study it in detail.</p><p>In my final thesis I will not try to explain this complexity. The subject is to investigate two different principles regarding its construction. I would like to find out if the sayings concerning one of the principles will yield a guitar with greater ability to produce volume and projection.</p><p>At a close distance the difference between the guitar’s volumes is not to speak of, but a significant difference can be seen regarding one of the guitars ability to project its sound. In their nearness tonal aspects becomes in some extent legible. Even if the two guitar’s character of sound is alike subtle tonal differences exists.</p><p>The existing differences between the two principles of construction are regarding the two guitars that I have built. The subject for the examination is to conclude the guitar’s ability to project their sound nearby compared to at a distance.</p>