No description available.

L'acide rétinoïque (AR) est un morphogène dérivé de la vitamine A, qui intervient dans le contrôle de l'organogenèse, de la prolifération et de la différenciation cellulaires chez les Chordés. Dans ce contexte, nous avons étudié les régulations spatio-temporelles de la voie de signalisation de l’AR au cours du développement de l’amphioxus, en mettant l'accent sur l’espèce européenne Branchiostoma lanceolatum.Nous avons tout d'abord inhibé ou activé la voie de signalisation de l’AR lors du développement embryonnaire en traitant des embryons d’amphioxus à des doses variables de composés pharmacologiques interférant avec le métabolisme des rétinoïdes. Grâce à l’utilisation d’outils mathématiques spécifiques, nous avons établi un schéma détaillé des effets des traitements effectués sur le développement du système nerveux central (SNC) et du pharynx chez l’amphioxus en nous basant sur l’expression de gènes marqueurs de tissus spécifiques. À l’issue de cette première analyse, nous avons par la suite étudié les effets d’une perturbation de la signalisation de l’AR à des points clés du développement chez l’amphioxus lors de la régionalisation du SNC et du pharynx. Nous avons ainsi montré que la voie de signalisation de l’AR intervient dans la régionalisation de l’axe antéro-postérieur via le contrôle des gènes hox dès le stade gastrula et jusqu’aux stades larvaires. En outre, nous avons réalisé l'étude préliminaire du gène homologue chez l’amphioxus du gène aldh1a2 des Vertébrés, et avons démontré que la régulation du niveau de synthèse de l’AR au cour du développement est conservée entre l’amphioxus et les Vertébrés. Finalement, nous avons montré que la voie de l’AR participe également à la morphogenèse caudale chez l’amphioxus, et que le mécanisme impliqué semble différent de celui proposé chez les Vertébrés où l’AR contrôle la structuration de la nageoire caudale par le ciblage des tissus mésenchymateux. / Retinoic acid (RA) is an endogenous vitamin A-derived morphogen. In this context, we studied the spatiotemporal roles of RA signaling in amphioxus development, focusing on the European amphioxus species: Branchiostoma lanceolatum. We first created excess and insufficiency models of RA signaling by exposing amphioxus embryos to series of doses of different pharmacological compounds targeting either the RA receptors or the RA metabolism machinery. By introducing the important mathematical concept of a Cartesian coordinate system founded by René Descartes, we created detailed diagrams of the concentration-dependent defects caused by RA signaling in the central nervous system (CNS) and pharynx of amphioxus by evaluating the statistical significances of tissue-specific marker gene expression in labeled embryos. This analysis yielded a very detailed description of the sensitivities of the developing amphioxus CNS and pharynx to altered RA signaling levels. Following this initial challenge, we correlated the effects of altered RA signaling levels with key amphioxus developmental stages characterized by structural transitions in CNS and pharynx. We show that hox-mediated RA signaling in axial patterning is active beyond the gastrula stage and might be maintained until at least early larval stage, with possible roles in more regionalized axis formation and organ induction. In addition, we carried out a preliminary study on a RA synthesizing gene in amphioxus, called aldh1a, a possible homolog of the vertebrate aldh1a2 gene, demonstrating that the feedback between RA signaling and RA synthesizing levels has emerged before the split of the cephalochordate and vertebrate lineages. Moreover, we are able to show that RA signaling also participates in tail fin morphogenesis in amphioxus by a mechanism that is probably not comparable to that in vertebrates, where RA modulates caudal fin patterning through targeting mesenchymal derivatives.

Submitted by Cássia Santos (cassia.bcufg@gmail.com) on 2016-08-10T13:40:03Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Vanessa Ribeiro Soares - 2016.pdf: 11844437 bytes, checksum: 03d509603ea96f2647ea2764aea87d17 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-08-10T13:42:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Vanessa Ribeiro Soares - 2016.pdf: 11844437 bytes, checksum: 03d509603ea96f2647ea2764aea87d17 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T13:42:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Vanessa Ribeiro Soares - 2016.pdf: 11844437 bytes, checksum: 03d509603ea96f2647ea2764aea87d17 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-30 / This work has the purpose contribute to the improvement in some teaching contents of analytic geometry and trigonometry in high school . The content work was based on the National Curriculum Parameters, highlighting de nitions, theorems and properties necessary for the development of student learning. The theme was chosen after a practical experience involving the Naval Battle game in order to reduce the students' di culties. The playful work, as the game, has a practical application that does the student become familiar with the content. That's an interesting way to propose problems and solutions involving the content. Thus becomes something attractive to the student and encourages creativity in nding problems solutions. / O trabalho tem como objetivo contribuir para o aprimoramento no ensino de alguns conteúdos de Geometria Analítica e Trigonometria no Ensino Médio. Dentro dos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais, trabalhamos o conteúdo destacando de nições, teoremas e propriedades necessárias para o desenvolvimento de aprendizagem do aluno. O tema foi escolhido depois de uma experiência prática envolvendo o jogo Batalha Naval a m de diminuir as di culdades dos alunos. O trabalho lúdico, como o jogo, tem uma aplicação prática que faz o aluno se familiarizar com os conceitos. É uma forma interessante de propor problemas e soluções envolvendo o conceitos. Assim se torna algo atrativo para o aluno e favorece a criatividade na busca de soluções para os problemas.

O presente trabalho pretende aplicar o método de cálculo de componentes simétricas por produtos escalares de vetores espaciais para o cálculo dos sinais de referência de compensadores de perturbação. Outras metodologias de cálculo de corrente de referência são apresentadas, analisadas e comparadas com o método implementado. Uma revisão de vetores espaciais nos sistemas abc e 0 é feita para auxílio da explicação do método de extração de componentes simétricas. O método é inicialmente apresentado de forma generalista, de modo que é realizado o cálculo de componentes de sequência positiva, negativa e zero para um harmônico de ordem h. A autora apresenta algoritmos de exemplos práticos para uso em cálculo de corrente de referência incluindo as compensações de reativos da corrente fundamental, de harmônicos pré-selecionados e de desequilíbrios de carga. O método é analisado e validado por meio de simulações e resultados experimentais. / This work applies, for a disturbance compensator, a method for the calculation of the symmetrical components based on space vectors\' dot product. Other methods are presented, analyzed and compared with the proposed method. The symmetrical components calculation method is explained using a geometrical approach in abc and 0 basis. Initially, it is presented a general method that calculates the hth order positive, negative and zero sequence components of a current or voltage signal. Then, practical examples are presented for current compensation, which includes: fundamental reactive current compensation, fundamental negative sequence compensation and pre-selected order harmonics compensation. The method is analyzed and validated by simulation and experimental results.

Sverige har under lång tid haft flera olika koordinatsystem, både nationella och lokala. Nu genomförs en övergång till ett gemensamt koordinatsystem som kallas SWEREF 99. I Norrtälje kommun finns stomnät som är noterade i ett flertal olika koordinatsystem, med ursprung i tidigare förrättningar. Åtskilliga av dessa har dålig orientering i kända nationella koordinatsystem men däremot god inre noggrannhet. I detta arbete väljs 12 stomnät för transformation till SWEREF 99 18 00. Detta görs genom att passpunkter mäts in med GNSS-teknik. De inmätta punkterna används sedan för att transformera stomnäten som de är noterade i. Detta gör att i framtiden kan till exempel husutsättningar i de aktuella områdena utföras med enbart GNSS-teknik. Stomnäten som väljs finns på norra delen av ön Vätö i Norrtälje kommun. GNSS-utrustningen som används för att mäta in punkterna är Leica 1203 nätverks-RTK. De valda passpunkterna mäts in vid två tillfällen med minst 45 minuters mellanrum. Vid varje tillfälle görs 10 mätningar. Sedan beräknas medelvärdet av 20 mätningar. När alla punkter väl har mätts in görs transformationer från tre olika från-system till SWEREF 99 18 00. De tre från-systemen är RT 38 2,5 gon V, RT R09 0 gon och ett lokalt 1000/1000-system. Eftersom områdena som är noterade i RT 38 är dåligt orienterade gentemot varandra ger det dålig noggrannhet att transformera hela RT 38-området på en gång. Därför delas RT 38-området in i flera transformationsområden. När transformationen gjorts kontrollmäts fastighetsgränser i ett gränsområde där gränspunkternas koordinatsystem är osäkert. Avslutningsvis kontrollmäts en Rix 95-punkt med namnet Klockarängsberget (Rix 95-punktnummer: 119741) som finns på södra delen av Vätö. / During the last century different coordination systems have been used in Sweden. Today a common coordination system (SWEREF 99) is used. In the municipality of Norrtälje, core networks are listed in different coordination systems that are generated from different earlier missions. These networks normally have poor orientation in the known coordination system; however, the internal accuracy is used to be good. In this study, some of the core networks have been selected to be converted to SWEREF 99 18 00. The conversion has been done by measuring points using the GNSS technology, the measured points were then used to transfer the core network to SWEREF 99 18 00. This means that in the future, staking out a building in the area can be performed solely by GNSS technology. The chosen core networks are located on a part of the island Vätö in the municipality of Norrtälje. The GNSS equipment used to measure the points with was the Leica 1203 RTK network. The selected points were measured on two occasions with a gap between the occasions of at least 45 minutes. Ten repeated measurements have been done on each point to increase the accuracy. The average of these twenty measurements has been used for conversion. After the measuring process, the transformation has been done from three different off-systems to SWEREF 99 18 00. The three off-systems were RT 38 2.5 gon V, RT R09 0 gon and a local 1000/1000-system. Since the areas listed in the RT 38 were poorly oriented towards each others, poor accuracy was achieved during the transformation of the entire RT 38 field at once. Therefore, the RT 38 area has been divided into a number of transformations-areas. When the transformation had been done, control measurements were made on a Rix 95-Point entitled Klockarängsberget (Rix 95-point numbers: 119 741) located on the southern part of Vätö. In addition, control measurements were made of housing estate border area, where the border points were uncertain.

No description available.

The importance of communication is vital in wartime. The capability of having all the position information of the allied and enemy forces in a single Tactical Information Display System (TIDS), maintains a great advantage for deciding what to do before the enemy reacts. A Naval Information Distributing System (NIDS) is developed for building an effective communication infrastructure between the war ships. In the designed network, besides the mobile platforms (ships), some fixed platforms (land stations) are used to transfer the information coming from these mobile platforms to all the other platforms. To demonstrate the performance and effectiveness of the Naval Information Distribution System, a discrete event simulation model is developed on a Geographic Information System. The goal of this thesis is to describe and experimentally evaluate an effective and feasible information sharing and routing system for Navy.

This work has been aimed at developing a mechanistic, transient, 3-D numerical model to predict the behavior of an evaporating thin liquid film on a non-uniformly heated cylindrical rod with simultaneous parallel and cross flow of vapor. Interest in this problem has been motivated by the fact that the liquid film on a full-length boiling water reactor fuel rod may experience significant axial and azimuthal heat flux gradients and cross flow due to variations in the thermal-hydraulic conditions in surrounding subchannels caused by proximity to inserted control blade tip and/or the top of part-length fuel rods. Such heat flux gradients coupled with localized cross flow may cause the liquid film on the fuel rod surface to rupture, thereby forming a dry hot spot. These localized dryout phenomena can not be accurately predicted by traditional subchannel analysis methods in conjunction with empirical dryout correlations. To this end, a numerical model based on the Level Contour Reconstruction Method was developed. The Standard k- turbulence model is included. A cylindrical coordinate system has been used to enhance the resolution of the Level Contour Reconstruction Model. Satisfactory agreement has been achieved between the model predictions and experimental data. A model of this type is necessary to supplement current state-of-the-art BWR core thermal-hydraulic design methods based on subchannel analysis techniques coupled with empirical dry out correlations. In essence, such a model would provide the core designer with a "magnifying glass" by which the behavior of the liquid film at specific locations within the core (specific axial node on specific location within a specific bundle in the subchannel analysis model) can be closely examined. A tool of this type would allow the designer to examine the effectiveness of possible design changes and/or modified control strategies to prevent conditions leading to localized film instability and possible fuel failure.

O presente trabalho pretende aplicar o método de cálculo de componentes simétricas por produtos escalares de vetores espaciais para o cálculo dos sinais de referência de compensadores de perturbação. Outras metodologias de cálculo de corrente de referência são apresentadas, analisadas e comparadas com o método implementado. Uma revisão de vetores espaciais nos sistemas abc e 0 é feita para auxílio da explicação do método de extração de componentes simétricas. O método é inicialmente apresentado de forma generalista, de modo que é realizado o cálculo de componentes de sequência positiva, negativa e zero para um harmônico de ordem h. A autora apresenta algoritmos de exemplos práticos para uso em cálculo de corrente de referência incluindo as compensações de reativos da corrente fundamental, de harmônicos pré-selecionados e de desequilíbrios de carga. O método é analisado e validado por meio de simulações e resultados experimentais. / This work applies, for a disturbance compensator, a method for the calculation of the symmetrical components based on space vectors\' dot product. Other methods are presented, analyzed and compared with the proposed method. The symmetrical components calculation method is explained using a geometrical approach in abc and 0 basis. Initially, it is presented a general method that calculates the hth order positive, negative and zero sequence components of a current or voltage signal. Then, practical examples are presented for current compensation, which includes: fundamental reactive current compensation, fundamental negative sequence compensation and pre-selected order harmonics compensation. The method is analyzed and validated by simulation and experimental results.

This diploma thesis deals with verification of quality of the valid cadastral map in cadastral unit Heroltice u Tišnova. In pursuance of the thesis were surveyed primarily perceptible boundaries of the estates and perimeters of the buildings, and ascertained situation of the surveyed borders and the perimeters of the buildings was compared with situation of these depicted in the cadastral map pursuant to paragraph 13 and 15 of Annexe of the regulation no. 357/2013. Detected discrepancies are commented in the thesis and for specific cases are suggested specific solutions in order to achieve a proper condition of the situations. Outcome of the thesis may be used by relevant authority as a material for decision about implementation of the renewal of cadastral documentation using new mapping, or as a tool for owners of the estates for finding out what kind of discrepancies were detected on their estates and how they can rectify them.