An investigation exploring how individuals can form a greater connection with soil through changing the context in which they engage with it. This project  focuses on inspiring individuals to feel a sense of responsibility and care towards the soil, empowering them to take tangible action to facilitate local small scale change. This report doccuments the investigation of using visual communicastion, sensory engagement and interactive experiences, to nurture individuals to develop a meaningful connection with soil. The project is in collaboration with +change design students as well as an ongoing collaboration with Under Ekarna specifically linked with their Experiment 2000m2 project.

Commercial media and surfaces for cell cultivation do not promote conditions for cell cultivation and proliferation with specific interactions cell-material surface. The aim of this thesis is developing surfaces for cell cultivation which mimic conditions in living tissues. The approach introduced in this thesis is based on applying biomimetic peptide ligands on inert supporting materials with non-fouling properties. Considering that a choice of a ligand sequence and distance between peptides can dramatically influence the outcome, a few model peptides with varying parameters were synthesized and investigated. The cell adhesive peptides were synthesized by solid phase peptide synthesis and scrambled peptides were synthesized and tested as well. Spatial deposition of peptides is another highly important point of study. The 'click'- reaction was used to successfully immobilize the peptides on produced surfaces. The distance between the peptide molecules on the surfaces was controlled by their concentration in a reaction mixture. The reference samples were immobilized with radiolabeled peptides for quantitative estimation of the peptides present. Then, the materials with different types of peptides and range of concentrations were examined via cultivation of cell cultures. The experiments were focused on...

According to Gerbner's cultivation theory, misrepresentations in the media create false realities in the minds of society. To date, much research has been done on the impact of this phenomenon on women, minority races, and the homosexual community. Little consideration has been given, however, to geographic minorities such as Appalachians. This study attempts to identify the frequency and manner of representations of Appalachia in major metropolitan newspapers across the U.S. By conducting a framing analysis on a sample of 823 individual mentions of "Appalachia" in 2005, the author is able to illustrate interesting relationships between geographic proximity and the type of portrayal. Among these, mentions originating in Appalachia were much more likely to frame the region positively than those mentions published outside the region. Similarly, Appalachia and surrounding areas were most likely to report on Appalachia, with more than 75% of all mentions originating within 250 miles of the region.

Instagram is revolutionary in social media and networking, but little is known about the factors, social or psychological, that motivate users to become constant users on this app. A comprehensive survey was created, 277 college-aged Instagram users responded about their motivation, attitude, purpose, and primary activities regarding Instagram. The results show that Instagram users have five fundamental social and psychological motives: social interaction, archiving, self-expression, escapism, and peeking. Results showed that males were different from females in the following areas of using Instagram: create a personal space, interact with a number of people, keep in touch with friends far away, get updates on close friends and family, provide updates on life, or show off. Also, there was only one significant difference in the results of the age group: in using Instagram to keep in touch with friends far away, the 21-23 and 30+ age groups were significantly different.

There is a great deal of diet-specific processed foods on the market today. With so many options it can become difficult for consumers to decide what products to purchase. This situation is further intensified by the plethora of contradictory messages found in food advertising, especially in weight loss and dieting food advertising, but also seen in government nutrition campaigns and all over the internet on platforms like social media, blogs, and so forth. These messages can be confusing and frustrating for consumers as they try to decipher which foods they should eat to reach their health or weight loss goals. The purpose of this study was to determine if these contradictory messages extend to the advertising claims found on diet-specific food product packaging. A content analysis was performed on 400 keto and vegan products to uncover the most commonly used advertising claims and verify their accuracy based on the information provided on the nutrition label and ingredients list. An analysis of the health impacts of nutrient content and food additives based on FDA guidelines was also conducted. Results indicated that contradictory messages do extend to the advertising claims on keto and vegan food product packaging and the lack of healthy food options among these products should be a concern for consumers. This study highlights the importance of shoppers approaching food product advertising claims with skepticism until they can be verified.

Greenhouse cultivation is a growing industry, especially in mild climates, much due to the ability toadjust the growing conditions and increased water utilization efficiency. The most important aspect onthe cultivation is the indoor temperature. The variation in temperature is due to the Swedish climatewhere the highest and lowest outdoor temperature respectively varies greatly during the year. To enableoptimal indoor climate additional heating is required during colder periods. Presently, most of theexisting greenhouses utilizes combustion of fossil fuels for heating, which contributes to the climatechange through the emissions of greenhouse gases. One way to circumvent this impact is to exchangethe fossil fuels with biogas. Combining biogas production and greenhouse cultivation enables synergiesand a more closed cycle of material flow can be achieved. However, this combination is rather immaturedue to lacking previous research, giving this report its main purpose, to examine the synergies andsustainability of combining a greenhouse with small-scale biogas production. Initially, an extensive literature study was carried out followed by a simulation based on the obtainedknowledge. The simulation was comprised of two greenhouses with different geometries, one with theshape of an arch with polyethylene-film cladding and the other with a sawtooth roof with glass cladding,both with two layers. The other properties such as internal area and volume are more or less the samefor the simulated greenhouses. Useful data such as outdoor temperature, rainfall and solar irradiationetc. was obtained for the city of Enköping, Sweden. The calculations for the models were carried out inthe program Microsoft Excel. In order to evaluate the feasibility of these models a reference greenhousewas studied, which had similar properties and conditions. The optimal temperature for tomato cultivation is 20° C, and to maintain this level over the entire yearit was found that the heat requirements were 89 500 kWh for the arched greenhouse and 94 400 kWhfor the sawtooth greenhouse. In comparison with the reference greenhouse, the heat requirement wasaround 200 kWh per m2 and year less in the simulated greenhouses. Furthermore, it was found thataround 31 800 kWh of cooling is required over the year (249 kWh per m2 and year) for the archedgreenhouse and 30 900 kWh per year (241 kWh per m2 and year) for the sawtooth greenhouse, to keepthe indoor temperature at 20 °C. Moreover, two to three possible harvests annually gives the yield of 3456-5184 kg tomatoes per year. Both the simulated greenhouses are feasible concepts, however thesawtooth greenhouse is a better option due to its increased longevity and lower contribution ofgreenhouse gas emissions over time. Furthermore, more research needs to obtain a fully closed cycle.

Safran (Crocus sativus) ist eine wertvolle Gewürzpflanze. Alleiniger Anbau führt zu Monokultur und vermehrter Verunkrautung während der Vegetationspause im Sommer. Das Ziel dieser theoretischen Studie war herauszufinden, welche Pflanzenarten zwischen den Safranreihen kultiviert werden können.:Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Einleitung 1 2 Lagebeschreibung 2 3 Betriebsbeschreibung 3 4 Botanik Crocus sativus 7 5 Kulturverfahren 9 6 Nebenfruchtanbau 11 6.1 Gemüse und Obst 13 6.2 Zierpflanzen 15 6.3 Getreide 17 6.4 Leguminosen 19 6.5 Ölpflanzen 22 6.6 Kräuter 25 7 Diskussion 27 7.1 Gemüse- und Obst 28 7.2 Zierpflanzen 31 7.3 Getreide 34 7.4 Leguminosen 36 7.5 Ölpflanzen 38 7.6 Kräuter 40 8 Zusammenfassung 43 9 Anhang 44 10 Literaturverzeichnis 51 / Saffron (Crocus sativus) is a valuable spice plant. Sole cultivation of saffron leads to monoculture and increases weed growth in the vegetative dormancy period. The aim of this theoretical study was to determine which plants species could be cultivated between saffron rows.:Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Einleitung 1 2 Lagebeschreibung 2 3 Betriebsbeschreibung 3 4 Botanik Crocus sativus 7 5 Kulturverfahren 9 6 Nebenfruchtanbau 11 6.1 Gemüse und Obst 13 6.2 Zierpflanzen 15 6.3 Getreide 17 6.4 Leguminosen 19 6.5 Ölpflanzen 22 6.6 Kräuter 25 7 Diskussion 27 7.1 Gemüse- und Obst 28 7.2 Zierpflanzen 31 7.3 Getreide 34 7.4 Leguminosen 36 7.5 Ölpflanzen 38 7.6 Kräuter 40 8 Zusammenfassung 43 9 Anhang 44 10 Literaturverzeichnis 51

The aim of this thesis is to investigate which type of society could supply the resources required to construct the cairn monuments along the coastal regions of Västerbotten during the Bronze Age. The study is centered on a cluster of cairns within the parishes of Bygdeå, Nysätra and Lövånger, situated at elevations between 31-52 meters above today’s sea level. Through analyses and calculations of the cairns themselves and their proximity to stone quarrying materials, the volume of each cairn within the chosen cluster has been used to evaluate how long it took these monument builders to complete the construction of the cairns. The workforce required is shown to heavily depend on the size of the cairn and its location from the stone material. Theoretically some cairns could have been constructed in just a few days, whereas some took significantly more time to construct. The indicated social types capable of providing the necessary resources were found to be avariation of nomadic band and/or semi-sedentary tribal communities composed of extended families. Powerful cheiftains and societies with greater resources weren’t necessarily found to be a requirement. The procurement of food and other resources varied and over time the economic foundations gradually shifted from a mainly hunting and fishing reliance to embracing cultivation and animal husbandry.

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(農学) / 甲第24679号 / 農博第2562号 / 新制||農||1100(附属図書館) / 学位論文||R5||N5460(農学部図書室) / 京都大学大学院農学研究科応用生物科学専攻 / (主査)教授 澤山 茂樹, 教授 吉田 天士, 准教授 中川 聡 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Agricultural Science / Kyoto University / DGAM

Forest degradation is a significant yet underestimated source of carbon emissions. Traditionally, monitoring forest degradation has been difficult due to a lack of sufficiently frequent satellite observations and reliable analysis methods. Recent advancements in satellite remote sensing provide new opportunities to monitor, attribute and analyze forest degradation. This dissertation develops methods to monitor and attribute forest degradation and analyzes the spatial-temporal patterns of forest degradation and associated carbon emissions. A new method, Continuous Change Detection and Classification - Spectral Mixture Analysis (CCDC-SMA), was developed on Google Earth Engine (GEE) to monitor abrupt and gradual forest degradation in temperate climate zones using Landsat time series. CCDC-SMA was applied to the Republic of Georgia from 1987-2019. Results show that forest degradation affected a much larger area than deforestation. In addition, CCDC-SMA was extended to monitor forest degradation in the tropics and applied in Laos. Attribution of the drivers of forest degradation was based on a combination of CCDC-SMA results, post-disturbance land cover classification and object-based image analysis. Shifting cultivation is the largest kind of forest disturbance in Laos, affecting 32.9% ± 1.9% of Laos during 1991-2020. The results show that shifting cultivation has been expanding and intensifying in Laos, especially in the last five years. Furthermore, the length of fallow periods has been continuously declining, which indicates that shifting cultivation is becoming increasingly unsustainable. Combining biomass estimates from the Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) and area estimates of shifting cultivation, the net carbon emissions from shifting cultivation during 1991-2020 in Laos are 1.28 ± 0.12 petagrams of CO2 equivalent (Pg CO2 eq). Tree canopy height and aboveground biomass density are strongly correlated with the years of regrowth since the latest year of slash-and-burn activities, which can be expressed using logarithmic models. It takes 131 years for the biomass to recover to pre-disturbed levels based on the logarithmic models. In addition to advancements in remote sensing of forest degradation, the results of this dissertation provide valuable information for policy related to forest management and reduction of carbon emissions.