As the student population in public schools throughout the United States continues to increase in ethnic diversity, the number of college students of color majoring in teacher education have remained stagnant. The local problem addressed in the study is that despite intentional recruitment efforts, college students of color are not majoring in teacher education at a university in Ohio. Bell's critical race theory was used throughout this basic qualitative study to explore what issues influence students of color to choose majors other than teacher education. Individual student interviews with 8 students of color were conducted to answer the research question regarding issues that have influenced students of color to choose majors other than teacher education at one university in Ohio. Transcripts from interview sessions were coded and analyzed to identify emerging patterns and themes. Member checks were used for accuracy in analysis, and maximum variation, with participants from 7 different majors, served to enhance credibility. At the local setting, the implications for positive social change may include bringing awareness to issues that students of color have encountered while enrolled at the study site. A broader implication for social change may be that institutions of higher education with similar demographics could benefit from the results of this study to address similar issues regarding students of color not choosing teacher education programs.

Background: Healthcare professionals meet patients with different cultural backgrounds. The patient’s culture can influence his view on health and disease, which indicates that cultural competence is an important feature of healthcare professionals in order to provide care with respect for the cultural differences that exist. Previous research shows that lack of knowledge for different cultures can lead to arising of poor attitudes at the healthcare professionals, which in turn can lead to discrimination. Healthcare professionals feel that there may be difficulties in caring for patients with different cultures as communication barriers. Aim: The aim of this thesis was to compile current research findings that illustrate how patients with different cultural backgrounds can experience the encounter with the medical care and which factors that can affect the experience. Method: A literature review based on 12 qualitative studies. Result: The way healthcare professionals act influences how people experience encounter in health care. The patients felt they were treated with respect. They experienced involvement and empathy, which strengthened the care relationship. They considered that they were seen as unique individuals by healthcare professionals and experienced equality in the encounter. Patientes felt that the experience of the encounter impaired due to language barriers. These communication barriers led to patients having a passive attitude in the care relationship and the patients experienced lack of participation. Patient felt that the encounter improved if the healthcare professionals were culturally competent. Patients did not experience any discrimination in the encounter, however, other patients considered that a poor encounter and prejudices among healthcare professionals could lead to patients feeling inferior. Conclusion: This literature review illustrates how patients with different culture backgrounds experience the encounter with the medical care and obstacles that can occur and complicate the medical encounter. The healthcare professionals should have knowledge about how patients with different culture backgrounds experience the medical encounter in order to apply it in health care and to give individualized care.

America's school-age population is experiencing a demographic shift. In 1972, students of color represented 22% of the school-age population; in 2005, minority students accounted for 33% of public school enrollment (Statistics, 2007 Villegas, 2002). This study sought to explore how these changing demographics affected University Town Community Schools, the district's interventions, and teachers' perceptions to those interventions. This study also explored teachers' feelings of efficacy when teaching minority students. Using a qualitative study among third-, fourth-, fifth-, and sixth-grade elementary school teachers, a random sample of 9 teachers from schools comprising a minority population of at least 40% were interviewed. Data analysis involved the use of themes that emerged from the interview data, observations, and quotations from participants. The findings indicated that the district acted on a school-by-school basis, with no specific actions to target any one racial group. Meanwhile, teachers were inconsistent when discussing race, behavior, and learning. Teachers felt comfortable assigning behaviors based on race and culture, but were hesitant to assign learning strengths and weaknesses based on race or culture.

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No description available.

In this Master's of Public Issues Anthropology thesis I examine the perceptions of health and healthcare services within a small rural subsistence farming community in South-Western Paraguay from a political ecology of health perspective. Qualitative research data was collected from May to September of 2010 in Lindo Manantial, a subsistence farming village, and Piribebuy, the closest town to Lindo Manantial and the location of the nearest health centre, the Piribebuy Centro de Salud. The primary goals of this research project were to gain an ethnographic understanding of current local health perspectives and concerns, as well as the local frameworks for health provision in Piribebuy. I argue that the introduction of culturally competent healthcare services could greatly improve individual and community health statuses and outcomes in Lindo Manantial and other similar rural subsistence farming communities in Paraguay. / Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC)

The exponential growth of culturally diverse populations in the United States has led to a multicultural patient population while the nursing workforce remains predominantly White. At the project site, managers identified that staff nurses struggled to deliver culturally competent care. The purpose of this project was to improve the cultural competence of registered nurses (RNs) through a transcultural nursing education program. Leininger's transcultural nursing theory guided the project. Sources of evidence used to develop a face-to-face educational program included peer-reviewed journals, credible websites, and the Inventory for Assessing the Process of Cultural Competence Among Healthcare Professionals-R tool. Aggregate pretest and posttest scores were used to determine RNs' competency levels. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software was used for data analysis, and a paired t test was used to determine the impact of the program. Of the 22 participants, 4 (18%) scored within the culturally competent range on the pretest, compared to 17 (77%) on the posttest. These findings were statistically significant (p < 0.000) and demonstrated a positive outcome from the educational project. Key recommendations are to continue this education for other RNs in the facility and at other facilities in the network. The implications of this project for positive social change include raising the cultural competency of nurses, which has the potential to improve patient outcomes.

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Bakgrund En fjärdedel av barn i Sverige har utländsk bakgrund, de har enligt Barnkonventionen (2020) samma rättigheter som barn till svenskfödda. Primärvården är oftast deras första kontakt med svensk hälso- och sjukvård, vilket ställer krav på sjuksköterskor som bär ansvar i att tillgodose och möjliggöra jämlik vård. Ojämlikheter i vården kan dock uppstå och beror ofta på kommunikationsbarriärer i mötet.  Syfte Syftet var att beskriva primärvårdssjuksköterskors erfarenheter av kommunikationsbarriärer i mötet med barn till utrikesfödda föräldrar. Metod Studien genomfördes med kvalitativ design med induktiv ansats. Semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med sjuksköterskor inom primärvården i Västsverige. Intervjuerna analyseradesmed kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat Sjuksköterskor inom primärvården har i möten med barn och deras utrikesfödda föräldrar verktyg för att överbrygga kommunikationsbarriärer, bland annat genom att hantera dialogen med föräldrarna och navigera barriärer som uppstår. Sjuksköterskor kan även identifiera kulturen och finna sätt att kommunicera och utveckla behovet av mer utbildning och beredskap inför dessa möten. På så sätt även bära ansvaret och känslorna i uppdraget mot en mer jämlik vård. Genom arbetet med kommunikationsbarriärer ser sjuksköterskan till att barnets rätt till god hälsoutveckling tillgodoses, och bidrar till att utveckla kunskap om kommunikationsbarriärer och vägen framåt med det hälsofrämjande arbetet. Slutsats Ur olika perspektiv har kommunikationsbarriärer lyfts i tidigare forskning både internationellt som nationellt. Men mer kunskap om lösningar kring kommunikationsbarriärer behövs frånbarnets perspektiv. Forskning behöver riktas mer på hur man kan arbeta kring problemet, inkludera barnet och blicka framåt / Background A quarter of children in Sweden have a foreign background, according to the Convention onthe Rights of the Child (2020) all children own the same rights. Primary care is usually their first contact with Swedish healthcare, which places demands on nurses who are responsible for providing and enabling equal care. However, inequalities often arise due to communication barriers in the meeting. Purpose The purpose was to describe primary care nurses' experiences of communication barriers in the meeting with children of foreign-born parents.  Method The study was conducted with a qualitative design and an inductive approach. Semistructured interviews were conducted with nurses in primary care in western Sweden. The interviews were analyzed with a qualitative content analysis according. Results In caring for children of foreign-born parents, nurses in primary care possess tools for bridging communication barriers. By navigating the dialogue and identifying the culture and finding ways to communicate can enable preparedness for the task. Thus nurses can bear the responsibility and feelings in the mission towards a more equal care for the child. By overbridging communication barriers, nurses are able to cherish for the child's rights and increase knowledge of the phenomenon. Conclusion Communication barriers have been lifted worldwide in previous research. More knowledge concerning solutions for communication barriers is needed from the child's perspective. Research needs to focus more on how to work around the problem with a drive forward.

Text in Afrikaans / The research was directed at setting up guidelines for the counsellor dealing with the adolescent in a multicultural environment. The supposition of the study was that the adolescent in a multicultural environment should be treated by the counsellor with cultural empathy, understanding and insight. This process should be free from stereotyping and prejudice. Guidelines were set up using a combination of Gestalt philosophical principles, existing literature and semi-structured interviews with cultural therapy experts. For the purpose of this study Thomas and Rothman's intervention research model was applied. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to gain information on the adolescent in therapy, which was combined with information found in literature in order to set up guidelines for counsellors. The researcher concludes that the counsellor dealing with the adolescent in a multicultural environment, has to possess sufficient cultural knowledge, cultural efficiency and cultural empathy to achieve a successful theurapeutic outcome. Guidelines for the counsellor who works with adolescents in a multicultural environment were set up successfully to bridge the current lack of knowledge in the field. / Social Work / M. Diac (Play Therapy)