The first chapter is dedicated to basic characteristics of India. In the second chapter you can find business specialties. These include issues which in my opinion highly characterize business environment, more or less friendly for doing business. The core part of this thesis is cultural and social manners, values, norms which I compare, as per Hoefstede's theory, with the Czech Republic, etiquette and forms of dealing. My analysis of the business and cultural specialties during dealing with Indian partner are closed by the chapter in which I present information gathered from experienced participants of business dealing with Indian partners. This confirms or specifies my theoretical knowledge. Before the ending there is a characteristic of strong and weak aspects of the Indian business environment, mainly from the point of view of those who see India as another economic growing giant.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-26T18:49:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Marciana (Arquivo PDF).pdf: 1558697 bytes, checksum: c6cf42c969c62c90b7bacbee87dd5003 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-04-05 / More demanding than the Regular Education, the Special Education which besides inserting the special students in the social and educational context, searches new resources to develop the integration processes of theirs; following this thought is that this dissertation is justified, aiming: to investigate how the computer dealing provides with autonomy for the student with special educational needs, availabling a general field about this Modality of Teaching. Pointing out that every individual, attended in a different way is able to perform daily tasks in a satisfactory way, not as a passive person, but as an acting person in the social changes. Therefore, the problem of special students who need support is driven, to reach a real rate of inclusion, achieving intellectual autonomy; free, therefore, from coactions and analog and heteronymous approach, leading to the autonomy conquering that is essential for the identity building of people that expect to overcome their inabilities. Although there is concern with all the deficiencies, this paper traced a general approach of the physical, sensorial and mental deficiencies. The comprehension of autonomy idea in the Special Education area was based on Piaget s theory. The research was performed in the following steps: a) behavior observation of 10 children compromised cognitively whose ages were between 8 and 17 years old in the city of Cascavel Pr during the use of two softwares; b) exploratory research with statistical quantitative data collect, through a questionnaire with computer dealing instructors who work with special students, about the interaction level with the computer and autonomy achievement front the use of softwares that enable the socialization of their ideas and the learning achievement; c) after the verification of the results, it was noticed that the computer dealing instructors have doubts about the mediation of the autonomy by the computer, what generated a interceptive practice about the autonomy during 1the use of educational softwares. The analysis of the results imposed the following conclusions: the students presented great enthusiasm when manipulating the proposed softwares and generated an autonomy condition through the interaction with the machine; as for the instructors, it was verified through the questionnaire, that they need to enhance their pedagogical knowledge about the computer; after the interceptive action it was verified that a positive change of opinions of these professionals about the work with computers at schools, thus serving as an interaction and autonomy achievement resource. / Devido à carência de materiais adaptados e instrumentos que possibilitem inclusão dos alunos especiais na sociedade, a educação especial torna-se ainda mais exigente que a educação regular. Nesse pensamento é que se justifica a presente dissertação, objetivando investigar como a informática propicia autonomia para o aluno com necessidades educativas especiais, dispondo de um apanhado geral sobre essa modalidade de ensino, destacando que todo indivíduo, atendido de maneira diferenciada, é capaz de realizar tarefas do cotidiano de maneira satisfatória, não como ser passivo, mas um ser atuante nas mudanças sociais. Direciona-se, portanto, à problemática dos alunos especiais, que precisam de suporte para atingir um índice real de inclusão, conquistando autonomia intelectual, livre, portanto, de coações e direcionamentos análogos e heterônomos, a um encaminhamento à conquista da autonomia que se faz essencial para a construção da identidade dos sujeitos que esperam superar suas incapacidades. Embora haja uma preocupação com todas as deficiências, a presente dissertação traçou uma abordagem geral das deficiências física, sensorial e mental. A compreensão da idéia de autonomia na Educação Especial foi baseada na teoria de Piaget. A pesquisa foi realizada nas seguintes etapas: a) observação do comportamento de 10 crianças comprometidas cognitivamente com faixa etária entre 8 a 17 anos na cidade de Cascavel no Estado do Paraná, durante a utilização de dois softwares educacionais; b) pesquisa exploratória com coleta de dados quantitativa, via questionário com instrutores de informática que atuam com alunos especiais, sobre o nível de interação destes com o computador e a conquista da autonomia mediante a utilização de softwares que propiciam a socialização de suas idéias e a conquista do aprendizado; c) após a verificação dos resultados percebeu-se que os instrutores de informática possuem dúvidas sobre a mediação da autonomia pelo computador, o que resultou em uma prática interventiva sobre a questão da autonomia durante a utilização de softwares educacionais. Pela análise dos resultados foi possível perceber as seguintes conclusões: os alunos apresentaram grande entusiasmo ao manipular os softwares propostos e geraram uma condição de autonomia, mediante a interação com a máquina; quanto aos instrutores, contatou-se, via questionário, que eles precisam ampliar seus conhecimentos pedagógicos acerca do computador. Após a ação interventiva verificou-se a mudança positiva de opiniões destes profissionais sobre o trabalho com a informática na escola servindo, então, como recurso de interação e conquista da autonomia.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-18T17:54:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Marciana (Arquivo PDF).pdf: 1558697 bytes, checksum: c6cf42c969c62c90b7bacbee87dd5003 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-04-05 / More demanding than the Regular Education, the Special Education which besides inserting the special students in the social and educational context, searches new resources to develop the integration processes of theirs; following this thought is that this dissertation is justified, aiming: to investigate how the computer dealing provides with autonomy for the student with special educational needs, availabling a general field about this Modality of Teaching. Pointing out that every individual, attended in a different way is able to perform daily tasks in a satisfactory way, not as a passive person, but as an acting person in the social changes. Therefore, the problem of special students who need support is driven, to reach a real rate of inclusion, achieving intellectual autonomy; free, therefore, from coactions and analog and heteronymous approach, leading to the autonomy conquering that is essential for the identity building of people that expect to overcome their inabilities. Although there is concern with all the deficiencies, this paper traced a general approach of the physical, sensorial and mental deficiencies. The comprehension of autonomy idea in the Special Education area was based on Piaget s theory. The research was performed in the following steps: a) behavior observation of 10 children compromised cognitively whose ages were between 8 and 17 years old in the city of Cascavel Pr during the use of two softwares; b) exploratory research with statistical quantitative data collect, through a questionnaire with computer dealing instructors who work with special students, about the interaction level with the computer and autonomy achievement front the use of softwares that enable the socialization of their ideas and the learning achievement; c) after the verification of the results, it was noticed that the computer dealing instructors have doubts about the mediation of the autonomy by the computer, what generated a interceptive practice about the autonomy during 1the use of educational softwares. The analysis of the results imposed the following conclusions: the students presented great enthusiasm when manipulating the proposed softwares and generated an autonomy condition through the interaction with the machine; as for the instructors, it was verified through the questionnaire, that they need to enhance their pedagogical knowledge about the computer; after the interceptive action it was verified that a positive change of opinions of these professionals about the work with computers at schools, thus serving as an interaction and autonomy achievement resource. / Devido à carência de materiais adaptados e instrumentos que possibilitem inclusão dos alunos especiais na sociedade, a educação especial torna-se ainda mais exigente que a educação regular. Nesse pensamento é que se justifica a presente dissertação, objetivando investigar como a informática propicia autonomia para o aluno com necessidades educativas especiais, dispondo de um apanhado geral sobre essa modalidade de ensino, destacando que todo indivíduo, atendido de maneira diferenciada, é capaz de realizar tarefas do cotidiano de maneira satisfatória, não como ser passivo, mas um ser atuante nas mudanças sociais. Direciona-se, portanto, à problemática dos alunos especiais, que precisam de suporte para atingir um índice real de inclusão, conquistando autonomia intelectual, livre, portanto, de coações e direcionamentos análogos e heterônomos, a um encaminhamento à conquista da autonomia que se faz essencial para a construção da identidade dos sujeitos que esperam superar suas incapacidades. Embora haja uma preocupação com todas as deficiências, a presente dissertação traçou uma abordagem geral das deficiências física, sensorial e mental. A compreensão da idéia de autonomia na Educação Especial foi baseada na teoria de Piaget. A pesquisa foi realizada nas seguintes etapas: a) observação do comportamento de 10 crianças comprometidas cognitivamente com faixa etária entre 8 a 17 anos na cidade de Cascavel no Estado do Paraná, durante a utilização de dois softwares educacionais; b) pesquisa exploratória com coleta de dados quantitativa, via questionário com instrutores de informática que atuam com alunos especiais, sobre o nível de interação destes com o computador e a conquista da autonomia mediante a utilização de softwares que propiciam a socialização de suas idéias e a conquista do aprendizado; c) após a verificação dos resultados percebeu-se que os instrutores de informática possuem dúvidas sobre a mediação da autonomia pelo computador, o que resultou em uma prática interventiva sobre a questão da autonomia durante a utilização de softwares educacionais. Pela análise dos resultados foi possível perceber as seguintes conclusões: os alunos apresentaram grande entusiasmo ao manipular os softwares propostos e geraram uma condição de autonomia, mediante a interação com a máquina; quanto aos instrutores, contatou-se, via questionário, que eles precisam ampliar seus conhecimentos pedagógicos acerca do computador. Após a ação interventiva verificou-se a mudança positiva de opiniões destes profissionais sobre o trabalho com a informática na escola servindo, então, como recurso de interação e conquista da autonomia.

no / Singapore commercial contract law has taken an Asian perspective in respect of express terms of good faith in the negotiation of contract. In general, however, it adheres to the English contract law orthodoxy regarding good faith. More specifically, Singapore, like England, does not recognize a general duty or principle of good faith and it is reluctant to imply a duty of good faith into a contract. However, as a hub of international trade and a rising forum for commercial dispute resolution, Singapore will have a stronger need to reconcile the differences in good faith in contract law between the English/Commonwealth and the European-Asian legal traditions. Conventional wisdom and international commercial law instruments in this respect are not as helpful as one would expect for such a need. Instead, to an enlightening but limited extent, the “organizing principle” approach in Bhasin v Hrynew could be useful for setting up a framework for reconciling the differences. This framework could consist of an organising principle of (honouring) reasonable expectations, a duty of honesty, and a duty of fair dealing. The framework realistically concretises good faith into the three components, all of which are essentially objective and ascertainable in specific factual matrix and are well-recognised in both common law and civil law.

No description available.

The aim of this study was to explore, through social workers' perspectives, the reasonsbehind the engagement of young adults in digital drug dealing in Sweden. The researchpurpose was also to explore the costs that digital drug dealing had brought to the lives ofthese young adults. As part of the study's qualitative approach, three professionals withexperience meeting this population were interviewed using semi-structured questions.The sample consisted of three social workers who hold experiences within the field ofsubstance abuse and have encountered digital drug dealers. Findings revealed that socialproblems had an impact on motivating young adults into digital drug dealing. The effectsof economic hardships and lack of integration and acculturation acted as stress factorsthat led young adults to cope in an illegal manner. Other motivations were young adults'need for financial gratitude and sensations of power. The development of social media,in addition, had facilitated the process of such decision-making. As a result, the costshave forced offenders to deal with internet blackmail, paranoia, and feelings of guilt.Moreover, the costs included offenders’ engagement of further criminal activities such asweapon possessions and physical violence. The findings were then connected to thechosen theoretical framework consisting of both strain and rational choice theories

The purpose of this research is to examine multiple variables as they relate to delinquent behavior. The dependent variable, self-reported delinquency, includes violent Index crimes (for example, robbery, aggravated assault), serious property offenses (for example, burglary, motor vehicle theft), weapons offenses (for example, carrying a handgun, shooting a gun at someone), drug dealing offenses (for example, selling marijuana, cocaine), and drug use. The sample (N = 127) is composed of male and female youths between the ages of 12 and 18 years who were detained in two different juvenile detention centers at the time of the study. As many previous self-report studies have tended to draw samples of youth not containing a significant proportion of serious, violent, and chronic offenders (for example, school-based and home-based samples), it has become increasingly important to study samples of juveniles that do contain a significant proportion of such offenders. Moreover, the research literature strongly suggests that a relatively small percentage of youthful offenders in a given community are responsible for a disproportionate share of serious delinquent acts (the so-called "chronic few"). The data were gathered via self-administered questionnaire. Path analysis is used to test an integrated model of delinquent behavior that is based on a conceptual framework referred to as the Actor, Situation, Context or ASC paradigm. From this systems framework, a theoretical model is developed that combines propositions and variables from social structural theories (in effect, social disorganization and strain) with propositions and variables from social process theories (social bond and social learning). The data generally support the basic hypotheses and the integrated model, explaining as much as 44 percent of the variance in self-reported delinquency. Implications of the multi-systemic model and the empirical findings are discussed. / Ph. D.

Sąžiningumo ir sąžiningos dalykinės praktikos principas yra įtvirtintas kontinentinės teisės tradicijos valstybių doktrinose bei tarptautiniuose sutarčių teisę harmonizuojančiuose dokumentuose (UNIDROIT Principuose, PECL ir Europos civilinio kodekso projekte). Skirtingose valstybėse šiam principui suteikiamas skirtingas vaidmuo bei apimtis – Vokietijoje sąžiningumui skiriamas itin didelis dėmesys, o Prancūzijoje daugiau koncentruojamasi į šalių valią ir sąžiningumo doktrina yra nedaug išplėtota. Lietuvos 2001 m. Civilinio kodekso 6.158 straipsnyje įtvirtintas sąžiningumo ir sąžiningos dalykinės praktikos principas yra recepuotas iš UNIDROIT Principų 1.7 straipsnio. Sąžiningumo ir sąžiningos dalykinės praktikos principo turinio neįmanoma apibrėžti a priori – jis paliekamas suformuluoti teismams konkrečių aplinkybių kontekste. Lietuvos teisės doktrinoje yra beveik nenagrinėjamas sąžiningumo ir sąžiningos dalykinės praktikos principas bei jo aspektai. Manytina, kad, kaip ir UNIDROIT Principuose bei PECL, Lietuvos sutarčių teisėje šis principas turėtų būti suvokiamas objektyviąja prasme. Sistemiškai aiškinant 2001 m. Civilinio kodekso nuostatas matyti, kad 1.5 straipsnį, kuriame įtvirtinti teisingumo, protingumo ir sąžiningumo principai, bei 6.158 straipsnio 1 dalį, kurioje įtvirtintas sąžiningumo ir sąžiningos dalykinės praktikos principas, sieja subordinacinis santykis. Šiame darbe daroma išvada, kad 1.5 straipsnis turėtų būti laikomas lex generalis, o 6.158 straipsnio 1 dalis... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The principle of good faith and fair dealing is established in the doctrines of continental law tradition countries and the international documents harmonizing contract law (UNIDROIT Principles, PECL and European Civil Code project). This principle possesses different role and volume in different countries: in Germany, good faith is especially important, while France is more concentrated on the willpower of parties, while good faith doctrine is poorly developed. The good faith and fair dealing practice was receipted from UNIDROIT Principles, Article 1.7 and established in the Lithuanian Civil Code of 2001, Article 6.158. The content of good faith and fair dealing can hardy be described a priori – it is the courts to formulate them in the context of a definite situation. Good faith and fair dealing is not widely analysed in the doctrine of Lithuanian law. This principle is thought to be understood in the objective way, as it is in UNIDROIT Principles and PECL. According to systematic explanation of the Civil Code regulations of 2001, Article 1.5, which establishes the principles of justice, rationality and good faith and the Article 6.158, part 1, establishing the principle of good faith and fair dealing are in the subordinate relation with each other. This study concludes that the Article 1.5 must be considered as lex generalis, while the Article 6.158, Part 1, must be considered as lex specialis in relation to the Article 1.5. Thus the principle established in the Article 6... [to full text]

Diese Arbeit behandelt das Thema "Rechtsinstitut der vorvertraglichen Haftung in Theorie und Praxis". Die ganze Arbeit ist in drei Teile gegliedert und zwar "Der Begriff der Vorvertraglichen Haftung", "Die Komparative Analyse der ausländischen Rechtsordnungen" und "Das tschechische Konzept der vorvertraglichen Haftung". Das Hauptziel dieser Arbeit ist, die praktischen Aspekte der vorvertraglichen Haftung zu beschreiben, was aber ohne ausreichende theoretische Grundlagen unmöglich ist. Die Doktrin culpa in contrahendo (Verschulden beim Vertragsabschluss) wird Rudolph von Jhering zugeschrieben, denn er hat im Jahre 1861 als erstes die charakteristischen Züge der vorvertraglichen Obligationen beschrieben. Der Autor ordnet in dem ersten Teil dieser Arbeit noch die vorvertragliche Haftung in das Rechtssystem ein. Die zum Teil von dem Autor entworfene Definition dient dann in dem zweiten und dritten Teil zu dem einfacheren Vergleich der Konzepte von vorvertraglicher Haftung in verschiedenen Rechtsordnungen. In dem zweiten Teil wird zuerst das deutsche Konzept der culpa in contrahendo beschrieben, wie es sich von R. von Jhering über die Schuldrechtsmodernisierung bis zum heutigen Tag entwickelt hat. Die Entwicklung der deutschen Auffassung der vorvertraglichen Haftung von der materiellen zur formalen...

A guerra do tráfico de drogas é uma espécie de conflito que acontece nas periferias das grandes cidades brasileiras. Consiste em uma batalha armada entre gangues rivais, motivada por desavenças pessoais ou vinganças direcionadas aos grupos inimigos. Este fenômeno é o maior responsável por mortes de jovens no país. A partir de grupos de conversa com jovens envolvidos com o tráfico de drogas e usando a psicanálise como método de escuta e análise, a presente pesquisa faz uma descrição de caso que tem como papel elucidar a dinâmica de funcionamento da guerra do tráfico no aglomerado Santa Lúcia, em Belo Horizonte-MG. O objetivo inicial foi responder ao enigma: por que os jovens se envolvem na guerra do tráfico, mesmo sabendo do grande risco de morte? A hipótese que se depreendeu daí foi a existência de um fator oculto, com dimensão política e subjetiva que sustentaria essa escolha. Entretanto, o que se encontrou como resultado foi um aprofundamento da questão, entendendo o posicionamento desse grupo de jovens na sociedade como Homo Sacers, posição esta produzida e sustentada pelo discurso em torno da violência e pelo reconhecimento desses sujeitos como exceção. Passamos, portanto, pelo conceito de guerra, elucidando sua dinâmica de funcionamento na política, segundo Clausewitz e Foucault, e no sujeito, com Freud e Lacan. Partimos então para o entendimento de como essa posição seria sustentada na sociedade através de uma discussão sobre o discurso, a partir de Foucault e Lacan, e posteriormente explorando o conceito de Homo Sacer, de Agamben, amparado por suas bases na concepção de Campo de Arendt e biopolítica de Foucault. O trajeto de pesquisa foi constantemente marcado pela formulação de uma metodologia que acompanhasse as demandas do objeto, que não se deixa apreender e está constantemente provocando o pesquisador no seu lugar de cidadão de uma sociedade em guerra. Esse percurso provocou a ampliação do campo de estudo para o além da guerra, deslocando o modo de reconhecer o outro. Uma torção que conduziu o trabalho para a necessidade de ver o homem por trás do guerreiro, e gerou novas perguntas, \"o que é e por que a paz?\". Ela é apenas o equilíbrio de uma sociedade injusta? Desse modo, concluímos que a pergunta por que a guerra? não pode ser respondida, pois o que os sujeitos nos falam em contexto de pesquisa é dependente da dinâmica de reconhecimento e laço social, e, assim, as respostas serão sempre parciais, subordinadas à maneira como reconhecemos o outro / The drug dealing war is a kind of conflict that happens in the outskirts of Brazilian major cities. It consists of a gun battle between rival gangs, motivated by personal disagreements or vendettas directed towards enemy groups. This phenomenon is the most responsible for youth mortality in the country. Using conversations with adolescents involved in drug dealing groups and also, psychoanalysis as the method of listening and analysis, this research attempts at a case description. Its role is to elucidate the dynamics of such dealing war in the Santa Lucia district, in Belo Horizonte - MG. The initial goal was to answer the question: why do young people become involved in the drug war, knowing the high risks of death? The hypothesis was that there was a hidden factor, with political and subjective dimension, that would support the choice. However, the result\'s complexity extended our comprehension of the issue. We began to understand this group of youngsters in society as Homo Sacers, a position that was produced and sustained by the violence speech and recognition of such subjects as exception. Therefore, we invested acute attention in the concept of war, providing insights into the political field, according to Clausewitz and Foucault, as well as insights about the subject, with Freud and Lacan. Subsequently, we proceeded to the understanding of how this position would be sustained in society through a discussion of the speech, in both Foucaultian and Lacanian terms. At that point, we explored Agamben\'s concept of Homo Sacer, supported by the following bases: the notion of Camp in Arendt, and biopolitcs in Foucault. The search was constantly marked by the formulating of a new methodology, attending the object\'s demands, because this object is not easily apprehended and it is constantly displacing the researcher the researcher and her place as a citizen of a society at war. This route search caused the expansion of the study field beyond the war, shifting how to recognize the other. This twist conducted the work for the need to see the man behind the soldier, and generated a new question, \"what and why peace?\". Is it simply the balance of an unfair society? We concluded that the question \"why war?\" can not be answered, because the subjects speech in the research context is dependent on the dynamics of recognition and social bonding, and thus the answers are always partial , subordinated to the way we recognize each other