This study focuses on correctional officers’ values and perceptions of their workplace, the people they work with and for, and members of the general public. Although prior research has investigated correctional staff members’ feelings about their occupation, far fewer studies have implemented a comprehensive qualitative, microsociological approach. The author conducted 20 in-depth interviews with current and former correctional officers (COs) in public-supported facilities. Additional data were collected through two public Facebook pages designated for COs and citizens interested in the criminal justice system. The study offers insights about the significance of COs’ feelings about their work and how the correctional environment affects their lives at work and away from the workplace among the non-incarcerated public. How COs contend with the devalued nature of correctional work and how female COs deal with a male-dominated workplace are primary analytical themes.

This dissertation examines sensation in twentieth-century narratives of London and argues that vulnerability is a constitutive experience of the post-imperial city. Sensations of vulnerability in London arise because of the built environment of the city: its status as an imperial center and a global capital create important intersections of local, national, and global concerns which render the city itself vulnerable. I chart the trajectory of vulnerability as an affective history of London that is documented in cultural texts ranging from fiction and film to political debates and legal materials. Since the sensational experiences of the present partly arise from the materials of the past embedded in the landscape, affective histories create new ways of understanding history as a spatial experience. The narrated sensations of the city make vulnerability legible as a persistent feature of twentieth-century London life. I begin with a modernist, imperial London, in Virginia Woolf's Mrs. Dalloway and in Parliamentary debates from the same year (1925). Ambivalence about London's dual status as a local site and as a national and international capital is a response to London's vulnerable position at the end of the Great War. Next, I turn to World War Two London and Elizabeth Bowen's The Heat of the Day. I discuss intimacy as an important national feature in narratives of London during the crisis of this war. National narratives about intimacy constructed by Winston Churchill and heard on BBC radio respond directly to London's defensive vulnerability. My third chapter concerns Margaret Thatcher's 1980s London and the crucial role autonomy plays in constructing London as an invulnerable, international financial and civic capital. Alan Hollinghurst's The Swimming-Pool Library documents Londoners' attempts to make sense of their autonomy in a postimperial capital. My final chapter examines sensations of social and political belonging in contemporary London through reading Stephen Frears's Dirty Pretty Things alongside legal documents about immigration. I contend that reading cultural texts affectively creates counter-histories of the city that accommodate a deeper range of experiences than do traditional histories and offers to literary studies a new way of understanding the relationship between official and unofficial histories. / text

The thesis is focused on radiological and chemical weapons in the context of their use in terrorist attacks against the civilian population in relation to rescue and clean up operations of the Integrated Rescue System (IRS) of the Czech Republic. The objective of the thesis is to specify the terms of radiological and chemical weapons, to assess potential negative consequences of their use with the emphasis on the threat to life and health of the population, to evaluate the economic impact on society and to compare the IRS activities during the immediate intervention carried out after a terrorist attack. The topic is dealt with based on the research and the analysis of rules of law in force regulating activities of the IRS components in these major incidents and also of documents of the IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency) and other works focused on the misuse of radioactive and chemical agents in terrorist attacks. Severity and complexity of the issue is illustrated by information given on the radiological accident in Goiana in Brazil, sarin attacks of the Japanese sect Óm šinrikjó and consequences of the model example of the use of radionuclide 137Cs. In the thesis the current methodology on which the IRS components operate in such emergencies is analyzed, and some aspects that are subject of the set of type activities, worked out by the Civil Emergency Planning Committee and DG Fire Rescue Service of the CR, which may become weak points during a real action of the IRS, are pointed out. One of major issues analyzed in this study is comparison of radiological and chemical attacks with the focus on the initial phase of the intervention of the IRS components. Presentation of differences in individual activities of the IRS components in such interventions can contribute significantly to understanding and subsequently managing the activities carried out by the IRS components in these major incidents.

[ES] Esta investigación de Tesis tiene como objetivo principal analizar un determinado corpus de producciones de la ciencia ficción cinematográfica reciente. Estas películas parecen compartir unas claves visuales que, lejos de mantener los parámetros tradicionales del género, abordan otras referencias estéticas relacionadas con lo familiar, lo orgánico y lo nostálgico. La investigación comienza con el planteamiento de los objetivos, el marco teórico y las metodologías de trabajo y avanza con la delimitación del corpus y la justificación del mismo. A continuación se profundiza en el género de la ciencia ficción y en el lenguaje visual como herramienta fundamental para abordar la cultura visual reciente. Gracias a esta exploración, se propone una línea temporal de la evolución estética de la ciencia ficción cinematográfica mediante la que definir las corrientes mayoritarias del género, detectando a su vez los giros y propuestas alternativas más relevantes. Al realizar este ejercicio se localizan una serie de producciones de los años sesenta que, por su discurso en torno a la nostalgia y la subjetividad parecen inspirar al corpus actual. A partir de esa información se aborda el análisis del corpus, desde sus elementos conceptuales y narrativos -relacionados con la estética de la dirty scifi- a su expresión formal, precisada en tres claves definidas: lo natural -en un género que tradicionalmente rechaza lo orgánico-, lo espiritual -en tramas definidas por la razón- y lo físico y lo íntimo -que vuelve la mirada del afuera y del futuro al aquí y al ahora-. Por último, al profundizar en estas claves, se exploran determinados elementos que actúan como figuras simbólicas de cada relato. Elementos referidos en este análisis como artefactos que representan visualmente la propuesta conceptual -o novum- de cada película y que, como construcciones diegéticas, permiten ciertas reflexiones sobre el modo en el que la sociedad que las ha diseñado se relaciona con los conceptos de memoria, nostalgia y futuro. Finalmente, las conclusiones dan cuenta de aquello que -previamente planteado en los objetivos iniciales- ha quedado resuelto, de qué preguntas se han podido responder y de qué otras han surgido a partir del análisis realizado. Como resultado, la investigación propone un recorrido que abarca las generalidades de la ciencia ficción cinematográfica y su cualidad simbólica para detectar un impulso estético que, si bien se intuye en la contracultura de los años sesenta, asume hoy una presencia compartida. Esta perspectiva trata de ofrecer al lector un desarrollo explicativo equivalente al desarrollo investigador, de forma que le resulte posible descubrir esta tendencia y reflexionar acerca de cómo sus motivos visuales podrían evidenciar el carácter de su contexto creador. / [CA] Aquesta investigació de Tesi té com a objectiu principal analitzar un determinat corpus de produccions de la ciència-ficció cinematogràfica recent. Aquestes pel·lícules semblen compartir unes claus visuals que, lluny de mantindre els paràmetres tradicionals del gènere, aborden altres referències estètiques relacionades amb allò familiar, orgànic i nostàlgic. La investigació comença amb el plantejament dels objectius, el marc teòric i les metodologies de treball i avança amb la delimitació del corpus i la justificació d'aquest. A continuació s'aprofundeix en el gènere de la ciència-ficció i en el llenguatge visual com a eina fonamental per a abordar la cultura visual recent. Gràcies a aquesta exploració, es proposa una línia temporal de l'evolució estètica de la ciència-ficció cinematogràfica mitjançant la qual definir els corrents majoritaris del gènere, detectant al seu torn els girs i propostes alternatives més rellevants. En realitzar aquest exercici es localitzen una sèrie de produccions dels anys seixanta que, pel seu discurs entorn de la nostàlgia i la subjectivitat semblen inspirar al corpus actual. A partir d'aqueixa informació s'aborda l'anàlisi del corpus, des dels seus elements conceptuals i narratius -relacionats amb l'estètica de la dirty scifi- a la seua expressió formal, precisada en tres claus definides: allò natural -en un gènere que tradicionalment rebutja l'orgànic-, allò espiritual -en trames definides per la raó- i allò físic i íntim -que gira la mirada del fora i del futur a l'ací i a l'ara-. Finalment, en aprofundir en aquestes claus, s'exploren determinats elements que actuen com a figures simbòliques de cada relat. Elements referits en aquesta anàlisi com a artefactes que representen visualment la proposta conceptual -o novum- de cada pel·lícula i que, com a construccions diegétiques, permeten unes certes reflexions sobre la manera en què la societat que les ha dissenyades es relaciona amb els conceptes de memòria, nostàlgia i futur. Finalment, les conclusions donen compte d'allò que -prèviament plantejat en els objectius inicials- ha quedat resolt, de quines preguntes s'han pogut respondre i de quines altres han sorgit a partir de l'anàlisi realitzada. Com a resultat, la investigació proposa un recorregut que abasta les generalitats de la ciència-ficció cinematogràfica i la seua qualitat simbòlica per a detectar un impuls estètic que, si bé s'intueix en la contracultura dels anys seixanta, assumeix hui una presència compartida. Aquesta perspectiva tracta d'oferir al lector un desenvolupament explicatiu equivalent al desenvolupament investigador, de manera que li resulte possible descobrir aquesta tendència i reflexionar sobre com els seus motius visuals podrien evidenciar el caràcter del seu context creador. / [EN] To delimit and analyze a certain corpus of productions of recent cinematographic science fiction is the main objective of this Thesis research. These films seem to share some visual keys that, far from maintaining the traditional parameters of the genre, approach other aesthetic related to familiar, organic and nostalgic references. Research begins with the statement of the objectives, the theoretical framework and the working methodologies and it progresses with the delimitation of the corpus and its justification. It then delves into the genre of science fiction and visual language as a fundamental tool for approaching recent visual culture. Thanks to this exploration, a timeline of the aesthetic evolution of cinematic science fiction is proposed to define the main currents of the genre, detecting in turn the most relevant turns and alternative proposals. In carrying out this exercise, a series of productions from the sixties are located which, due to their discourse on nostalgia and subjectivity, seem to inspire the current corpus. Based on this information, the analysis of the corpus is approached, from its conceptual and narrative elements -related to the aesthetics of dirty sci-fi- to its formal expression, specified in three defined keys: natural -in a genre that traditionally rejects the organic-, spiritual -in plots defined by reason- and physical and intimate -that turns the gaze from the outside and the future to here and now-. Finally, by delving deeper into these keys, we explore certain elements that act as symbolic figures in each story. Elements referred to in this analysis as artifacts that visually represent the conceptual proposal -or novum- of each film and that, as diegetic constructions, allow certain reflections on the way in which the society that has designed them relates to the concepts of memory, nostalgia and future. Finally, the conclusions give an account of what -previously raised in the initial objectives- has been resolved, which questions have been answered and which others have arisen from the analysis carried out. As a result, the research proposes a journey that covers the generalities of cinematic science fiction and its symbolic quality in order to detect an aesthetic impulse that, although intuited in the counterculture of the sixties, assumes today a shared presence. This perspective tries to offer the reader an explanatory development equivalent to the research development, so that it is possible to him or her discover this tendency and reflect on how its visual motifs could evidence the character of its creative context. / Cuenca García, C. (2022). Claves estéticas de la ciencia ficción cinematográfica (2014-2019): la representación de lo otro a través del diseño de producción audiovisual [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/190242

No description available.

Multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) techniques have been proposed to meet the needs for higher data rates and lower delays in future wireless communication systems. The downlink capacity of multiuser MIMO systems is achieved when the system transmits to several users simultaneously. Frequently, many more users request service than the transmitter can simultaneously support. Thus, the transmitter requires a scheduling algorithm for the users, which must balance the goals of increasing throughput, reducing multiuser interference, lowering delays, ensuring fairness and quality of service (QoS), etc. In this thesis, we investigate the application of genetic algorithms (GAs) to perform scheduling in multiuser MIMO systems. GAs are a fast, suboptimal, low-complexity method of solving optimization problems, such as the maximization of a scheduling metric, and can handle arbitrary functions and QoS constraints. We first examine a system that transmits using capacity-achieving dirty paper coding (DPC). Our proposed GA structure both selects users and determines their encoding order for DPC, which affects the rates they receive. Our GA can also schedule users independently on different carriers of a multi-carrier system. We demonstrate that the GA performance is close to that of an optimal exhaustive search, but at a greatly reduced complexity. We further show that the GA convergence time can be significantly reduced by tuning the values of its parameters. While DPC is capacity-achieving, it is also very complex. Thus, we also investigate GA scheduling with two linear precoding schemes, block diagonalization and successive zero-forcing. We compare the complexity and performance of the GA with "greedy" scheduling algorithms, and find the GA is more complex, but performs better at higher signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) and smaller user pool sizes. Both algorithms are near-optimal, yet much less complex than an exhaustive search. We also propose hybrid greedy-genetic algorithms to gain benefits from both types of algorithms. Lastly, we propose an improved method of optimizing the transmit covariance matrices for successive zero-forcing. Our algorithm significantly improves upon the performance of the existing method at medium to high SNRs, and, unlike the existing method, can maximize a weighted sum rate, which is important for fairness and QoS considerations. / Communications

No description available.

Les émetteurs-récepteurs actuels tendent à devenir multi-standards c’est-àdireque plusieurs standards de communication peuvent cohabiter sur la même puce. Lespuces sont donc amenées à traiter des signaux de formes très différentes, et les composantsanalogiques subissent des contraintes de conception de plus en plus fortes associées au supportdes différentes normes. Les auto-interférences, c’est à dire les interférences généréespar le système lui-même, sont donc de plus en plus présentes, et de plus en plus problématiquesdans les architectures actuelles. Ces travaux s’inscrivent dans le paradigmede la « radio sale » qui consiste à accepter une pollution partielle du signal d’intérêtet à réaliser, par l’intermédiaire d’algorithmes, une atténuation de l’impact de ces pollutionsauto-générées. Dans ce manuscrit, on s’intéresse à différentes auto-interférences(phénomène de "spurs", de "Tx leakage", ...) dont on étudie les modèles numériques etpour lesquelles nous proposons des stratégies de compensation. Les algorithmes proposéssont des algorithmes de traitement du signal adaptatif qui peuvent être vus comme des« algorithmes de soustraction de bruit » basés sur des références plus ou moins précises.Nous dérivons analytiquement les performances transitionnelles et asymptotiques théoriquesdes algorithmes proposés. On se propose également d’ajouter à nos systèmes unesur-couche originale qui permet d’accélérer la convergence, tout en maintenant des performancesasymptotiques prédictibles et paramétrables. Nous validons enfin notre approchesur une puce dédiée aux communications cellulaires ainsi que sur une plateforme de radiologicielle. / Radio frequency transceivers are now massively multi-standards, which meansthat several communication standards can cohabit in the same environment. As a consequence,analog components have to face critical design constraints to match the differentstandards requirements and self-interferences that are directly introduced by the architectureitself are more and more present and detrimental. This work exploits the dirty RFparadigm : we accept the signal to be polluted by self-interferences and we develop digitalsignal processing algorithms to mitigate those aforementioned pollutions and improve signalquality. We study here different self-interferences and propose baseband models anddigital adaptive algorithms for which we derive closed form formulae of both transientand asymptotic performance. We also propose an original adaptive step-size overlay toimprove transient performance of our method. We finally validate our approach on a systemon chip dedicated to cellular communications and on a software defined radio.

跨國公司與開發中國家官員之賄賂關係被稱為骯髒聯盟。非國家行為者是形塑與改變國際規範之重要參與者，本研究檢視重點在於國際透明組織為切斷骯髒聯盟之供需關係，如何運用其獨特之跨國倡議網絡模式，透過建立聯盟(coalition-building)途徑，促成國際公約並且改變簽署國之國家行為。該非政府組織影響國際關係之具體成果為1997年簽署之OECD反賄公約，該公約是第一個從供應方(supply-side)切斷跨國商業賄賂鏈之國際規範，其立法歷程與會員國之國家偏好改變足以證明國際透明組織之影響力。 主流學派之結構現實主義者主張國際關係是結構決定論，以強權國家為主要的、具決定性之行為者，國家偏好是外生給定的利益排序。本研究主張以建構主義為基礎之全球反貪運動則是反其道而行，國際透明組織建構之跨國倡議網絡，擅用人氣政治與切身性政治，以合作取代對抗，有效促成已開發國家採取集體行動，簽署OECD反賄公約。當強權之間拒絕改變現狀時，非國家行為者之理念說服行動可以逐一改變國家偏好，進而改變國際規範。在倡議國際反貪議題上，國際透明組織的確是國際新規範之催生者。 本文採案例研究，主體為國際透明組織，客體為OECD反賄公約，交叉運用深度訪談與調查式過程追蹤研究，密集而深入取得相關當事人提供之第一手資料，彌補既有文獻靜態分析之不足。 / Non-state actors are essential participants in shaping and changing international norms. There has been a long-standing practice of a tacit “dirty alliance” between multinational corporations and developing countries officials. This research focuses on Transparency International(TI), which seeks to sever the supply and demand chain relationships of the dirty alliance by mobilizing a unique model of transnational advocacy network (TAN), engaging coalition-building, lobbying for a new set of international norms and persuading the changes of signatory states’ behavior. The fruits are the adoption of the 1997 OECD Anti-Bribery Convention, which is the first supply-side norm to cut off transnational business bribery chain. Both the key events of the legislative process and the changes of state preferences among the signatories validify the argument for the TI’s significant influence. Contrary to mainstream international relations theories such as structural realism claiming structural determinism, predominant role of powerful states, and exogenously given nature of state preferences, this research proves constructivism prevails. TI’s TAN model artistically exercises popularity politics as well as proximity politics, advocates cooperation instead of confrontation against bribe-givers and bribe-takers, and effectively persuades developed countries to take collective actions by adopting and ratifying the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention. While powerful states resist changing the status quo, non-state actors indeed demonstrate their capability of persuading states to change their preferences. TI is entitled to be the midwife in formulating new international norms against transnational corruption. This research applies case study methodology, making TI as the subject and the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention as the object. Diligent analysis and interpretations are based on the cross-references of in-depth interviews and investigative process-tracing method to extract the primary data from relevant parties so as to supplement the deficiencies of the available literatures.

Les émetteurs-récepteurs actuels tendent à devenir multi-standards c’est-àdireque plusieurs standards de communication peuvent cohabiter sur la même puce. Lespuces sont donc amenées à traiter des signaux de formes très différentes, et les composantsanalogiques subissent des contraintes de conception de plus en plus fortes associées au supportdes différentes normes. Les auto-interférences, c’est à dire les interférences généréespar le système lui-même, sont donc de plus en plus présentes, et de plus en plus problématiquesdans les architectures actuelles. Ces travaux s’inscrivent dans le paradigmede la « radio sale » qui consiste à accepter une pollution partielle du signal d’intérêtet à réaliser, par l’intermédiaire d’algorithmes, une atténuation de l’impact de ces pollutionsauto-générées. Dans ce manuscrit, on s’intéresse à différentes auto-interférences(phénomène de "spurs", de "Tx leakage", ...) dont on étudie les modèles numériques etpour lesquelles nous proposons des stratégies de compensation. Les algorithmes proposéssont des algorithmes de traitement du signal adaptatif qui peuvent être vus comme des« algorithmes de soustraction de bruit » basés sur des références plus ou moins précises.Nous dérivons analytiquement les performances transitionnelles et asymptotiques théoriquesdes algorithmes proposés. On se propose également d’ajouter à nos systèmes unesur-couche originale qui permet d’accélérer la convergence, tout en maintenant des performancesasymptotiques prédictibles et paramétrables. Nous validons enfin notre approchesur une puce dédiée aux communications cellulaires ainsi que sur une plateforme de radiologicielle. / Radio frequency transceivers are now massively multi-standards, which meansthat several communication standards can cohabit in the same environment. As a consequence,analog components have to face critical design constraints to match the differentstandards requirements and self-interferences that are directly introduced by the architectureitself are more and more present and detrimental. This work exploits the dirty RFparadigm : we accept the signal to be polluted by self-interferences and we develop digitalsignal processing algorithms to mitigate those aforementioned pollutions and improve signalquality. We study here different self-interferences and propose baseband models anddigital adaptive algorithms for which we derive closed form formulae of both transientand asymptotic performance. We also propose an original adaptive step-size overlay toimprove transient performance of our method. We finally validate our approach on a systemon chip dedicated to cellular communications and on a software defined radio.