The study presented deals with the phenomenon of increased hunting activity on the transition of the Neolithic and Eneolithic Age, the reasons of which have been so far investigated only in regard to environmental conditions of locations. The phenomenon is observed on locations of a wide area of Middle Europe. Nevertheless, there exist locations with prevailing agricultural economy. On the basis of a detailed comparative analysis of the material culture of the Western culture circle and Bohemia and Moravia, the study aims to trace the reflection of the phenomenon in archaeological materials - differences between locations with predominant domestic sources, and locations with predominant wild sources. Alongside, the study deals with a possible environmental impact on increasing hunting tendencies. In order to created a database, a detailed catalogue of locations has been compiled. The catalogue holds the most essential information on material culture with regard to expected agricultural manners. The catalogue also serves as a clue for setting particular indicators of the database, the purpose of which is to organise the data in a comparable form. Subsequently, a descriptive database has been compiled. The database traces the reflection of agricultural base of the individual locations. By means of a...

The master´s thesis deals with the constructive-technological project of dwelling house. The project includes a technical report, an operating regulativ of substructure carcassing of a main building object, time and financial schedule, building site, quality and safety requirement. The work is based on the project for implementation.

The prefabricated apartment buildings are on the west bank of the river and family houses on the east bank of the river. On the east side there are private areas of family houses and on the west side there are prefabricated buildings with poor quality public spaces. There is only the anonymity of the city, isolation and a lack of human dimension. My concept solves the problem of combining two opposing approaches. It emphasizes neighborly relations in the form of community and the development of community thinking. What should urbanism that unites people look like?

The subject of the diploma thesis is the implementation of apartment buildings in Bučovice, specifically focusing on the apartment building "X". It deals with a construction technology project. Its content is a technical report on the construction technology project, traffic relations for the transport of materials and machines to the construction site, technical report on the construction site equipment, construction technology study, machine design, elaboration of technological regulation for monolithic ceiling construction and infiltration tank. The chapters on safety and health protection at work on the construction site, the LEED certification system and a noise study for earthworks are also elaborated. Several diagrams of the procedure of execution of individual constructions, time and financial plan, selected details are elaborated. The thesis contains 30 appendices.

IntroductionLes chutes et les blessures dues aux chutes représentent un véritable enjeu de santé publique. Les programmes d’exercices physiques axés sur l’équilibre permettent de réduire de 30 à 40% le taux de chutes chez les personnes âgées vivant à leur domicile. Cependant, leur efficacité sur la prévention des traumatismes dus aux chutes n’a pas été établie.Ce travail comporte 2 parties :- Une revue systématique de la littérature et méta-analyse des résultats d’essais contrôlés randomisés (ECR) qui évaluent l’efficacité de l’exercice sur différents types de chutes traumatiques chez les personnes âgées en milieu communautaire. - L’analyse des données de l’ECR multicentrique ‘Ossébo’, qui évalue l’efficacité d’un programme d’exercice physique de prévention de chutes traumatiques chez des femmes âgées.MéthodesRevue systématiqueDes recherches bibliographiques ont été effectuées pour repérer les ECR de prévention des chutes par l’exercice physique, réalisés chez des personnes âgées vivant à leur domicile, et présentant des données sur les chutes traumatiques.Ensuite, on a regroupé les définitions des chutes traumatiques trouvées dans les études sélectionnées en 4 catégories :A/ avec conséquence.B/ avec recours à des soins médicaux. C/ ayant entraîné un traumatisme grave.D/ avec fracture.On a réalisé une méta-analyse (MA) pour chaque catégorie, donc on a calculé un effet global (effet poolé) de l’exercice correspondant au ratio des taux d’incidence dans les 2 groupes par un modèle à effet aléatoire.L’essai OsséboLes participantes à l’essai sont des femmes âgées de 75 à 85 ans, vivant à leur domicile, et ayant des capacités physiques diminuées. Au total, 706 femmes, dans 20 centres en France, ont été randomisées en 2 groupes : le groupe intervention (GI), et le groupe contrôle (GC).L’intervention comprend des ateliers hebdomadaires d’exercice en petits groupes pendant 2 ans, et des exercices au domicile.La survenue de chutes a été enregistrée à l’aide des cartes-calendriers. Les circonstances et les conséquences de la chute étaient demandées en cas de signalement d’une chute, afin de classer la chute (sans conséquence, traumatisme modéré, traumatisme grave).Des bilans ont été effectués à 1 an et 2 ans après l’inclusion, selon le même protocole que le bilan initial, qui comprenait notamment des tests fonctionnels simples.Le critère principal est le taux d’incidence des ‘chutes traumatiques’ (modérée et graves). Des modèles à fragilité (modèles de survie avec un effet aléatoire) ont été utilisés pour modéliser ce taux dans les 2 groupes.L’évolution au cours du temps des capacités physiques, et d’autres facteurs ont été comparés grâce à un modèle marginal avec un effet aléatoire au niveau du centre.RésultatsRevue systématique17 essais totalisant 4305 participants ont été sélectionnés. Toutes les interventions évaluées comprenaient des exercices de l’équilibre. Les résultats de la MA montrent que l’exercice est associé à une réduction du taux de chutes traumatiques dans chacune des catégories considérées, avec un effet poolé de 0.63 (IC95% : 0.51-0.77) pour la catégorie A(10 essais). Le RaR poolé était de 0.70 (0.54-0.92) pour la catégorie B (8 essais), de 0.57 (0.36-0.90) pour la catégorie C (7 essais), et de 0.39 (IC 95% : 0.22-0.66) pour la catégorie C (6 essais). L’essai OsséboOn a recensé 397 chutes traumatiques dans le GC, et 305 dans le GI, correspondant à une réduction significative de 19% du taux de chutes traumatiques (‘hazard ratios’ HR= 0.81 IC95% : (0.67 - 0.99). A 2 ans, les femmes du GI ont des performances significativement meilleures que les femmes du GC sur l’ensemble des tests physiquesDiscussionLes programmes d’exercice destinés à prévenir les chutes sont également efficaces pour réduire les traumatismes dus à la chute, y compris les plus graves. Aussi, il est possible de mettre en place à large échelle un programme efficace d’exercice de prévention des chutes traumatiques de longue durée chez des personnes âgées / Context: Exercise programmes can prevent falls in older community-dwellers. However, evidence that these programmes can also prevent injurious falls was poor.Objectives : Systematic review of evidence of the effect of exercise interventions on injurious fall prevention from randomised controlled trials (RCT).Evaluate the effectiveness of ‘Ossébo’, a multi-centre RCT assessing the effectiveness of a 2-year injurious fall prevention balance training programme.Methods:Systematic reviewThe definitions of injurious falls from included studies were classified into more homogeneous categories. This allowed the estimation of a pooled rate ratio for each injurious falls category based on random effects models. Ossébo trial706 women aged 75-85 years ; home-living with diminished functional capacities were included. The 2 groups were compared for rates of injurious falls with a frailty model. Other outcomes included physical functional capacities, and quality of life indicators. Results:Systematic review17 trials involving 4305 participants were included. Four categories were identified: all injurious falls, falls resulting in medical care, severe injurious falls, and falls resulting in fractures. Exercise had a significant preventive effect in all categories.OsséboThere were 305 injurious falls in the intervention group and 397 in the control group, for a HR of 0.81 (0.67 to 0.99). At 2 years, women in the intervention group had significantly better performances on all physical tests and a better perception of their overall physical function. Conclusion:Fall prevention exercise programmes are effective in preventing injurious falls, and are feasible for long-term, wide-spread dissemination

A Landscape with Furniture. Designs, plans, and buildings of Jan E. Koula (1896-1975) and his notion of a "people's dwelling". Marcela Suchomelová Abstract (EN) The thesis focuses on the professional and personal course of life of a Prague architect, designer, painter, documentarian, teacher, theoretician and editor of specialized magazines on architecture and housing culture in the interwar and the onset war era and in line with the avant-garde thinking. Nowadays, the theoretical and artistic legacy of Jan E. Koula (1896-1975) is seen in his remarkable ability to popularize ethics and aesthetic in the contemporary housing culture, and in his capability of pragmatic characterization, evaluation and promotion of modern style of living. He was very consistent and unceasing in doing so, while having the model of Le Corbusier's functionalist purism in mind. An analysis of the then publications, archival documents and Koula's autobiography allowed us to compare his singular interventions in architecture and design as well as the interior housing or exhibition concepts, not to mention the circumstances of their origin and ideological contribution in the plurality of activities, interests, and the social and cultural background of the period between 1920' and 1940'. Jan E. Koula dealt with the issue of housing...

En droit privé, l’occupation s’entend, en principe, d’un mode d’acquisition originaire de la propriété des choses mobilières dépourvues de maître : c’est ainsi qu’elle a fait une entrée discrète dans le Code civil en 1804. Toutefois, depuis cette date, l’occupation a acquis une toute autre signification. Le législateur et le juge recourent aujourd’hui à cette notion pour désigner différents modes de jouissance de l’immeuble d’autrui. Il est question de conventions d’occupation précaire, d’occupation privative d’un bien indivis, d’occupant maintenu dans les lieux en suite d’un bail commercial ou d’habitation, d’occupant bénéficiaire d’une réquisition de logement, ou encore d’occupant sans droit ni titre. La notion d’occupation immobilière semble donc avoir acquis une place remarquable en droit privé. L’objet de cette étude est précisément de déterminer le rôle qu’elle tient en droit positif, dans ce domaine. Dans un premier temps, cette thèse réalise l’étude des diverses hypothèses dans lesquelles le terme « occupation » est utilisé pour désigner un fait d’emprise exercé sur l’immeuble d’autrui, que ce soit avec ou sans titre ; elle révèle également des situations officieuses d’occupation, telles que le mécanisme de la reconduction tacite applicable en matière de bail. Dans un second temps, est proposée une théorie générale de l’occupation immobilière en droit privé. L’occupation immobilière apparaît comme un fait d’emprise jouant un double rôle en droit positif : elle peut être simplement la traduction matérielle de l’exercice d’un droit d’usage préalablement reconnu à celui qui va devenir occupant, mais également l’élément permettant à ce dernier d’acquérir un tel droit ou, au moins, de le faire présumer. Reposant notamment sur diverses conditions d’efficacité, telles que la bonne foi ou l’univocité, elle présente alors un certain nombre de similitudes avec la possession, mais les deux notions ne sauraient pourtant être confondues. Au final, cette étude permet de mettre en lumière un nouveau fait créateur de droit, qui trouve sa place aux côtés de la possession et qui démontre une évolution de la propriété privée vers une « propriété pragmatique », soucieuse de s’adapter à des besoins divers, clairement reconnus par le droit positif. / In Private Law, occupancy (French “occupation”) is, in principle, understood as an original method of acquiring property of ownerless movable things: this is how it made a discreet entrance in the Civil Code in 1804. Since then, however, occupancy has acquired a whole new meaning. Today, both the legislator and the judge turn to this concept to describe different means of enjoying the property of others. It relates to precarious occupancy agreements, private occupancy of jointly owned property, tenant kept in the premises after the end of its commercial or residential lease, occupant beneficing an housing requisition, disseisor, or occupant without right or title. The notion of estate occupancy seems to have acquired a prominent position in Private Law. Hence, the purpose of this study is precisely to determine the role it holds in positive law in this area. First, this work aims at studying the various situations in which the term "occupancy” is used to designate the situation where a factual stranglehold is exercised over others’ property, whether with or without title. It also reveals informal occupancy situations, such as leases’ tacit renewal mechanism. Secondly, a general theory of occupancy in Private Law is proposed. Estate occupancy appears like a factual situation of stranglehold (“fait d’emprise”). It plays a dual role in positive law: it may simply be the substantive translation of the exercise of a right to use, previously recognized to whom will become the occupant, and, in the same time, the element allowing him to acquire such a right, or at least, assuming he does. Notably based on various effectiveness conditions, such as good faith or clarity, occupancy shows similarities with the notion of adverse possession, although in French law the two concepts should not be confused. Finally, this study shed light on a new fact giving rise to a right, which finds its place alongside the adverse possession and demonstrates an evolution from the private property to a "pragmatic property" caring to adapt to the various needs recognized by the Law.

Although the female menopause has been extensively characterized as a well-defined symptomatic state of oestrogen deficiency, which responds relatively well to oestrogen replacement therapy, the symptomatic state of androgen deficiency in men is poorly defined and uncertainty exists whether it responds to testosterone replacement. It has been proposed that hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular (HPT)-axis function (responsible for the production of androgens) and regulation could be viewed as a ‘barometer’ of health status in older men and that potential alterations in HPT-axis function and regulation reflect subclinical and clinical deficits in function and health, which may result in an aged phenotype of human health and disease in older men. The HPT-axis constitutes a well-defined, tractable, clinically-relevant, biological system, which may permit insight into the mechanisms underlying the expression of ageing-related phenotypes of human health and disease. By using a different lens – such as the genetic background; the compensatory responses within the HPT-axis; the syndromes of androgen deficiency; the ethnic background of an individual or the life course trajectory of function and health from conception into older age – to magnify potential dysregulation in the HPT-axis will it be possible to visualize and understand the phenotypic expression of human male ageing as a gradient of functional and health outcomes. This will allow for a better understanding of the physiological mechanics underlying symptomatic expression of dysregulation in the HPT-axis.

The aim of the diploma thesis is construction-technological project of the whole construction focusing on the main building object - Apartment building, which is based on large-diameter drilling piles. The basis of the work is the budget of the main building and its timetable. Part of the thesis is a solution of organization of construction and design of building site equipment, technological regulation of selected activities, quality control and solution of transport relations including oversized transport. In addition, the design of the machine assembly, assessment of lifting mechanisms, safety and health protection and protection of the environment are solved.

The subject of this thesis is the design and project documentation of a new multifunctional house in Strakonice. The building has four floors, without basement, and is located on a slightly sloping land in the suburban part of the town of Strakonice. It is based on shallow foundations and covered with a flat roof. It is a transverse wall structural system, build with clay block masonry, with the semi-assembled ceiling structures of ceramic and concrete beams and inserts. It is conceived as a double-aisle layout. The ground floor of each wing consists of the establishment of shops and house facilities. The overground floors are designed as six residential units of varying size category. Both tracts have separate entrances to both the residential portion and to individual businesses. The building is designed from traditional building materials. In addition to the architectural construction and civil-engineering design, a part of this project is also a fire safety design and an assessment from the perspective of building physics.