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Hållbarhet har på senare tid fått en större betydelse för företag då allt fler lägger större fokus på det. Det innebär att inte enbart de ekonomiska fördelarna beaktas i företagen utan även miljömässiga och sociala effekter. I takt med att hållbarhetsaspekten fått en ökad betydelse har fokus skiftat till hela försörjningskedjan istället för det enskilda företaget. Det är därmed viktigt med samspel mellan företag i försörjningskedjan för att främja hållbarheten. Företag behöver anpassa sig utefter sina kunder och integrera hållbarhet i verksamheten. Genom att företag i en försörjningskedja arbetar process- och gränsöverskridande kan det stödja hållbarheten. Kunden är en primär intressent för leverantören vilket gör att företaget kan skapa kundvärde genom hållbarhet. Genom att företag integrerar hållbarhetsaspekter som ligger i linje med kundernas behov kan det skapa kundvärde. Det har däremot visat sig att intressenter kan uppleva brister i företags miljömässiga och sociala arbete. Ett problem som kan uppstår är därmed utmaningar i att utveckla samarbete mellan gränserna. Företag står inför risken att förlora kunder om de inte svarar på kundernas krav om hållbarhet utifrån försörjningskedjan. Det kan vara av betydelse för företag att även integrera hållbarhet i deras verksamhetsstyrning. Det har visat sig att företag inte förstår hur de exempelvis ska kommunicera med kunden och anpassa sig efter kundens behov för att skapa kundvärde. Det kan även vara utmanande för företag att integrera hållbarhet i verksamhetens strategi på grund av att det påverkar verksamhetsstyrningen. Det krävs att företags verksamhetsstyrning förändras då organisationer väljer att integrera hållbarhet vilket visat sig vara problematiskt. Företag behöver därmed anpassa sin verksamhetsstyrning för att hantera hållbarhet. / Sustainability has recently become more important for companies as more people put more focus on it. This means that not only the economic benefits are taken into account in the companies but also the environmental and social effects. As the sustainability aspect has become more important, the focus has shifted to the entire supply chain instead of the individual company. It is therefore important for companies to interact with each other in the supply chain to promote sustainability. Companies need to adapt to their customers and integrate sustainability into their operations. Furthermore, when companies in a supply chain are working across processes and borders, it can support sustainability. The customer is a primary stakeholder for the supplier, which means that through sustainability, the company can create customer value. By integrating sustainability aspects that are in line with customers' needs, companies can create customer value. On the other hand, it has been shown that stakeholders may experience absence in companies' environmental and social work. A problem that can arise is thus challenges in developing cooperation between borders. Companies face the risk of losing customers if they do not respond to customers' demands for sustainability. It can be important for companies to integrate sustainability into their strategy. It has been shown that companies do not understand how, for example, they should communicate with the customer and adapt to the customer's needs to create customer value. It can also be challenging for companies to integrate sustainability into the business strategy because it affects their management control system. It is required that companies' management control system changes when organizations choose to integrate sustainability, which proves to be problematic. Companies thus need to adapt their business management to manage sustainability.

<p> </p><p> </p><p><strong>Purpose</strong> - The purpose of the thesis is to record the content of the information shared by buyer to supplier in independent dyadic business relationships in the clothes manufacturing industry of Imbaba and Warrak, Great Cairo, Egypt. The objective is as well to describe how this sharing is managed in terms of communication frequency, order cycle time and information technology used.</p><p><strong>Methodology</strong> – A case study was performed on four companies in the clothes manufacturing industry of Imbaba and Warrak, Egypt. The empirical data was collected through six semi-structured interviews. The results were thereafter analyzed through a summarized framework.</p><p><strong>Findings</strong> - The content of shared information is mainly of traditional character, nevertheless do 50 % of the relationships as well include elements of additional soft information. When the information sharing is performed through regular communication do the frequency vary with an average of 0.43, once every 2.3 days. The order cycle times vary from delivery the same day as order placement to three days after order placement, with an average of 0.5 days. The information is shared through two different information technologies: face-to-face and telephone.</p><p><strong>Research implications</strong> – Imbaba and Warrak are considered one of the poorest districts in the Great Cairo region. The region has although seen great development the last 12-15 years and is today a main district for the industry of clothes manufacturing in Cairo. The role of information sharing yet appears to be poorly examined.</p><p><strong>Originality/value</strong> - Making the situation evident to the case companies will impact on their possibilities to make further improvements within the area of information sharing.</p><p><strong>Key words</strong> Information sharing, dependence, independence, dyad, content, frequency, order cycle time, information technologies.</p><p><strong>Paper type</strong> Bachelor Thesis</p><p> </p>

Ce travail de thèse s’est intéressé à la qualité de vie des adolescents avec un passé de cancer via les ressources maternelles. Contrairement au mal-être, désormais bien renseigné dans la littérature, on connait mal encore aujourd’hui ce qui participe à la qualité de vie des adolescents avec un passé de cancer. Dans cette perspective d’analyse, ce travail de thèse a cherché à identifier et à examiner les variables qui influent positivement sur la qualité de vie au sein des dyades mère-adolescent avec un passé de cancer, en ayant recours à une approche comparative. En plus des variables relatives à la détresse émotionnelle (stress, anxiété et dépression), plusieurs autres variables ont ainsi été explorées comme l’ajustement aux buts, le sentiment d’auto-efficacité, l’engagement dans la vie, les stratégies de coping, la perception des mères de la qualité de vie de leur enfant sur la qualité de vie des adolescents ave un passé de cancer mesurée avec le PedsQLTM (Varni, 2001). Au total, 302 participants (51 dyades mère-adolescent avec passé de cancer et 100 dyades mère-adolescent sans passé de cancer) ont répondu à un ensemble de questionnaires évaluant les variables précitées. Les résultats ont mis en évidence que les adolescents avec passé de cancer présentaient une qualité de vie satisfaisante et une détresse émotionnelle plus faible que les adolescents sans passé de cancer. Les modèles exploratoires ont permis de mettre à jour l’influence positive des stratégies de coping, de l’engagement et de l’auto-efficacité sur la qualité de vie des adolescents anciens cancéreux. Enfin, le dernier modèle exploratoire a montré l’importance de prendre en considération la perception que les mères ont de la qualité de vie de leurs enfants, pour son influence à la fois sur les ressources et la qualité de vie des adolescents avec passé de cancer, mais aussi sur la diminution de la détresse émotionnelle. La discussion a souligné une certaine autonomie de fonctionnement de la part des adolescents avec passé de cancer dans le maintien d’une qualité de vie satisfaisante pour laquelle la mère semble avoir largement contribué tout au long de la maladie / The adolescents survivors of cancer are likely to present a strong emotional distress related to their past experience of the disease, which could influence their Quality of Life (QoL). Adolescents’ mothers could also be affected in the long term by the experience of the childhood cancer, remaining constantly worried for their child, even years after the end of the treatment. Therefore, it is important to investigate the presence of resource variables which could preserve or improve adolescents quality of life. Resource variables studied in this thesis are goal adjustment, self-efficacy, life engagement, coping strategies and mothers’ perception of their children’s quality of life. This research includes a comparative analysis with mother-adolescent dyads without prior history of cancer. Participants (n=302 ; including 51 dyads mother-adolescent survivor of cancer ; 100 control dyads mother-adolescent without history of cancer) completed self-report questionnaires. Results revealed that adolescents survivors of childhood cancer presented a correct quality of life, and a lower level of emotional distress when compared to adolescents without history of cancer. The exploratory models showed the positive influence of coping strategies, life engagement and self-efficacy on adolescents survivors of cancer quality of life. Finally, our last exploratory model indicates the importance of taking into consideration mothers’ perceptions regarding their children’s quality of life, because of their influence on the adolescents survivors of cancer resources and quality of life, as well as on the reduction of emotional distress. Discussion highlights the importance to take the mother-adolescent dyad life story into account in order to understand adolescents survivors of cancer adjustment

Purpose - The purpose of the thesis is to record the content of the information shared by buyer to supplier in independent dyadic business relationships in the clothes manufacturing industry of Imbaba and Warrak, Great Cairo, Egypt. The objective is as well to describe how this sharing is managed in terms of communication frequency, order cycle time and information technology used. Methodology – A case study was performed on four companies in the clothes manufacturing industry of Imbaba and Warrak, Egypt. The empirical data was collected through six semi-structured interviews. The results were thereafter analyzed through a summarized framework. Findings - The content of shared information is mainly of traditional character, nevertheless do 50 % of the relationships as well include elements of additional soft information. When the information sharing is performed through regular communication do the frequency vary with an average of 0.43, once every 2.3 days. The order cycle times vary from delivery the same day as order placement to three days after order placement, with an average of 0.5 days. The information is shared through two different information technologies: face-to-face and telephone. Research implications – Imbaba and Warrak are considered one of the poorest districts in the Great Cairo region. The region has although seen great development the last 12-15 years and is today a main district for the industry of clothes manufacturing in Cairo. The role of information sharing yet appears to be poorly examined. Originality/value - Making the situation evident to the case companies will impact on their possibilities to make further improvements within the area of information sharing. Key words Information sharing, dependence, independence, dyad, content, frequency, order cycle time, information technologies. Paper type Bachelor Thesis

Au cours de la dernière décennie, l’usage intensif des herbicides en agriculture a provoqué plusieurs crises sanitaires et environnementales. La recherche de nouveaux herbicides bio-inspirés est donc devenue une urgence, en particulier afin de réduire les risques de pollution. Les porphyrines, naturellement présentes dans les végétaux, sont des molécules photosensibles. En présence d’oxygène, leur photo-activation conduit à la production d’Espèces Réactives de l’Oxygène capables d’induire la mort cellulaire. Ce principe utilisé en thérapie photodynamique peut être transféré aux plantes, par exemple à l’aide de porphyrines chargées. Nous avons étudié les propriétés physicochimiques (absorption UV-Visible, émission de fluorescence, photo-stabilité et production d’EROs) ainsi que les effets sur des cellules de tabac TBY-2 d’une série de porphyrines chargées. Pour étudier les mécanismes d’action des porphyrines en tant qu’herbicides, ces molécules doivent être tracées et localisées dans la plante. Dans ce but, nous avons synthétisé des porphyrines liées de manière covalente à un marqueur fluorescent par plusieurs bras espaceurs ; ces derniers ont été choisis grâce à une étude en modélisation moléculaire de leur flexibilité conformationnelle. Les propriétés photo-physiques de ces nouvelles dyades ont été étudiées expérimentalement et théoriquement. / Over the past decade, intensive use of herbicide in agriculture has caused several sanitary and environmental problems. Finding new bio-inspired herbicides preventing pollution has appeared crucial. Naturally present in plants, porphyrins are photosensitive. In the presence of oxygen, their photo-activation leads to production of Reactive Oxygen Species, which induce cell death. Already used in Photodynamic Therapy, this effect can be used to plant. In that purpose, a series of charged porphyrins (commercial and synthesized) were selected, and their physicochemical properties (e.g. UV-Vis absorption, fluorescence emission, photostability, ROS production) as well as their effects on TBY-2 (Tobacco Bright Yellow) cells were evaluated. Second, localizing molecules in plants is mandatory to understand mechanisms of the herbicide action. In this context, porphyrins were covalently grafted to a fluorescent marker, by a series of spacers that were chosen according to a preliminary molecular modeling evaluation of their conformational flexibility. The new dyads obtained were thoroughly studied both theoretically and experimentally for their photophysical properties.

This longitudinal study examined the association between communication in the family on the development of empathy in young children. Co-regulation and family expressiveness measured communication in parent-child dyads at age 12 months (N = 186), 24 months (N = 100), and 36 months (N = 78). A follow-up was conducted at 60 months (N = 47) to measure empathy-related responding in children. Co-regulation styles change over time, generally increasing in the most engaged, two-way style of communication (symmetrical) and decreasing in one-sided and less engaged types. Greater family expressiveness predicted higher levels of empathy as observed in an empathy-eliciting experiment, but not as measured by mother interview, questionnaire, or child's response to facial expressions. In addition, empathy was not associated with the change in symmetrical co-regulation. The results of this study indicate that open, emotional family communication may be more important in the development of empathy than the style of dyadic communication.

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There is an inherent tension between a seller and a buyer as their relationship progresses towards closing the deal.The salesperson fears that the buyer wastes his time, which he could otherwise spend towards real potential buyers.The buyer questions the sincerity of the salesperson. Both evaluate the amount of trust and cooperation they should invest in the relationship. It is possible, after all, that the salesperson wants to take advantage of every weakness he detects in the buyer in order to guarantee the sale, and it is equally possible that the buyer tries to fool the salesperson, with false credit information for example. This thesis examines tensions that exist between salespeople and buyers by using an extended version of grounded theory, by which date is collected and analysed both qualitatively and quantitatively. It demonstrates that perceived predation reduces considerably the quality of the relationship.The thesis suggests that the phenomenon of predation exists in every sphere of human activity, including in the legal system.The PARDU Model ( pr edator-pr ey) initially developed to discuss the phenomenon of predation evolves, as the research progresses, towards the OPERA Model and the MESLYª grid, which offer pratical tools to better manage informational predation.

This autoethnography explores the phenomenon of marriage after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Capturing as its data, through a series of audio-recorded conversations and journal entries, the first-hand, co-constructed experiences of a married couple, it provides an ‘insider’ and as such, intimate perspective on life together following such an unexpected, disruptive and life-altering event. Situated within ‘a systemic constructionist’ epistemology, it spotlights, in particular, the relational aspects of the post-TBI marriage unfolding over time, rather than just the individual perspectives of each spouse at a single point in time - as most existing studies on the topic do. As a qualitative study, it made allowance for the collection and use of rich, nuanced data so as to do some justice to the complex nature of the topic being studied. David Reiss’ explanatory theory on ‘crisis and the development of the family paradigm’ was applied deductively during the carrying out of a thematic analysis of the data, with the intention of bringing new insights to the understanding of the phenomenon of the post-TBI marriage. Data were also analysed inductively, in that themes emerging from the data itself were also used. A discussion based on the findings of the data analysis was proffered. Based on these findings, recommendations on what issues therapists working from within a family-systems orientation might focus their attention on were made. A recommendation for TBI couples to receive support from early intervention and follow-up services was also made, along with identifying the consequent need for research first to be done on developing and implementing such a service / Psychology / M.A. (Psychology)