The aim of this master’s thesis is to examine how managers in some public libraries are using performance measurements and to what extent decision making is based on the results. The main questions posed are:•What performance measurements and indicators are used in the libraries examined?•What is the attitude towards performance measurements among library managers?•How and to what extent are performance measurements and indicators used in the process of decision making?•What improvement would library managers wish regarding the development of performance measurements in public libraries?The theory is based on a model of evaluation of the public sector in addition to general steps of evaluation of quality and performance measurement results. The investigation is based on qualitative interviews with seven managers of public libraries in Sweden. The analysis has shown that even though the managers consider performance measurements important, they find them problematic to apply. Setting clearly definable goals is difficult. The mission of the library consists of a number of goals that have to be adhered to. Major goals are often vague. Favouring one goal might mean neglecting another. Relevant measures cannot be applied without defined goals, and without measures quality and performance assessment becomes impossible. Consequently, abstract goals have to be split and transformed into manageable goals, and the goals transformed into measurable ones. The measures used by the managers in this study could largely be categorized as measures of input and output, but no measure of outcome is used. To assess to what extent the library contributes to user need and community goals, outcome measurements could be an important and useful tool. / Uppsatsnivå: D

<p>This diploma work on D-level is made in cooperation with Varnäsföretagen AB in Eskilstuna. The company performs contract manufactured aluminium goods. This work is a continuation on earlier diploma work in Varnäsföretagen AB. Even if the industry process consumes much energy for melting the aluminium goods, they consume a great amount of oil to warm up the building. The purpose of this work is to examine some places in the building and the process to see how much energy it is possible to recycles to the heating system and reduce the costs for heating. The places have all a big heat excess and recycling will get more acceptable thermal comfort for the staff. </p><p>Studies of efficiency, the variation in power and temperatures is made to see how much energy it is possible to recycle. Many systems could with small measures be more efficient.</p><p>A general problem for many places is that the energy is in the indoor air and has low temperature. It means that most of the energy is difficult to use in other places than for preheating of the intake air in the air handling units.</p>

<p>Examensarbetet beskriver analys och testmätning för att mäta uttagen effekt ur en motor som driver en massasil. Silen är bland annat avsedd för att separera föroreningar och större partiklar i pappersmassan. Ingående metoder förklaras med avseende på princip, funktion och begränsningar. Vidare testas metoderna operativt i industriliknande miljö och dess fördelar respektive nackdelar belyses. Metoderna ställs mot varandra och jämförs gällande pris och prestanda. </p><p>Effekt är en viktig driftparameter när nya system skall utvecklas. Låg effektförbrukning börjar bli ett allt kraftigare försäljningsargument, och för att hålla sig kvar på en tuff marknad krävs konkurrenskraftiga produkter. Pappersindustri är i vissa fall en energislukande industri och alla besparingar som kan göras på driftskostnaderna är betydelsefulla. </p> / <p>This thesis describes the analysis and contains the results from measurements of power fed from an AC motor into a pulp paperscreen. A paperscreen is used to remove contaminants in the form of larger particles from the pulp. The used methods are described with respect to principle, function and limitations. Furthermore the methods have been operated in an industrial laboratory and the advantages and disadvantages are presented. The methods are compared with consideration of price and performance. </p><p>Power is a very important operating parameter when new systems are being developed. Low energyconsumption is becoming a very powerful sales argument and to remain on a tough market there is a need for competitive products. Pulp industry is a very energyconsuming industry and every saving on running expenses is significant.</p>

This diploma work on D-level is made in cooperation with Varnäsföretagen AB in Eskilstuna. The company performs contract manufactured aluminium goods. This work is a continuation on earlier diploma work in Varnäsföretagen AB. Even if the industry process consumes much energy for melting the aluminium goods, they consume a great amount of oil to warm up the building. The purpose of this work is to examine some places in the building and the process to see how much energy it is possible to recycles to the heating system and reduce the costs for heating. The places have all a big heat excess and recycling will get more acceptable thermal comfort for the staff.  Studies of efficiency, the variation in power and temperatures is made to see how much energy it is possible to recycle. Many systems could with small measures be more efficient. A general problem for many places is that the energy is in the indoor air and has low temperature. It means that most of the energy is difficult to use in other places than for preheating of the intake air in the air handling units.

The assignment is issued by Scania Maintence AB seeking a new approach to detect power changes in their industrial processes. The work has taken place at Ångströmslaboratoriet and tests have been performed at Scania AB Södertälje. Today’s society consumes enormous amount of energy. In both economically and environmental view, it is important that the processes are effective, with high power factor. There are many ways to measure power in the industry, what they all have in common is that the installation is advanced, requires time and planning. Only a competent electrician may install the measuring device in the distribution box. The purpose of the project is to build a prototype for power measurement that can be easily used outside the distribution box, thus simplifying the procedure and shortening the time required. By attaching sensors around the supply cable, the magnetic field asymmetric flux density can be used and induce voltage proportional to the current in the cable. The result is an instrument that with a computer calculates current, phase angle and power. Measurements of the current rms value showed that the maximum difference between our prototype and Scania Maintenances equipmentis up to 29 percent. However, for a longer time (&gt; 15 minutes) the differences between the mean values are only 1.2 percent and the accuracy is calculated to +/-3.67A with 95% confidence intervals. Phase angle accuracy measured to plus 6 minus and 15 percent. / Uppgiften är utfärdat av Scania Maintenance AB som söker en ny metod för att se effektförändringar i deras industriprocesser. Arbetet har ägt rum i Ångströmlaboratoriet (Uppsala universitet) och tester har utförts hos Scania AB Södertälje. Dagens samhälle förbrukar enorma mängder energi. Med hänsyn till både miljöpåverkan och ekonomi är det viktigt att processer är effektiva med höga verkningsgrader. Det finns många sätt att mäta effekt inom industrin, det de har gemensamt är att installationen är avancerad, kräver tid och planering. Endast en behörig elektriker får installera mätanordningen. Projektets syfte är att ta fram en prototyp för effektmätning som enkelt kan anmodas utanför centralen och därmed förenkla ingreppet och förkorta tidsåtgången. Genom att fästa sensorer runt ingående matningskabel kan magnetfältets asymmetriska flödestäthet utnyttjas och inducera spänning proportionell mot den ström som går i ledarna. Resultatet är ett instrument som tillsammans med en dator beräknar ström, fasvinkel och effekt. Vid mätning av strömmens effektivvärde beräknades den maximala skillnaden mellan vår prototyp och Scania Maintenances nuvarande utrustning upp till 29 %. Dock under en längre tid (&gt; 15 min) är skillnaderna av medelvärdet endast 1.2 % och noggrannheten beräknas till 3.67A med 95 % konfidensintervall. Fasvinkelns noggrannhet beräknades till plus 6 och minus 12 %.

Examensarbetet beskriver analys och testmätning för att mäta uttagen effekt ur en motor som driver en massasil. Silen är bland annat avsedd för att separera föroreningar och större partiklar i pappersmassan. Ingående metoder förklaras med avseende på princip, funktion och begränsningar. Vidare testas metoderna operativt i industriliknande miljö och dess fördelar respektive nackdelar belyses. Metoderna ställs mot varandra och jämförs gällande pris och prestanda. Effekt är en viktig driftparameter när nya system skall utvecklas. Låg effektförbrukning börjar bli ett allt kraftigare försäljningsargument, och för att hålla sig kvar på en tuff marknad krävs konkurrenskraftiga produkter. Pappersindustri är i vissa fall en energislukande industri och alla besparingar som kan göras på driftskostnaderna är betydelsefulla. / This thesis describes the analysis and contains the results from measurements of power fed from an AC motor into a pulp paperscreen. A paperscreen is used to remove contaminants in the form of larger particles from the pulp. The used methods are described with respect to principle, function and limitations. Furthermore the methods have been operated in an industrial laboratory and the advantages and disadvantages are presented. The methods are compared with consideration of price and performance. Power is a very important operating parameter when new systems are being developed. Low energyconsumption is becoming a very powerful sales argument and to remain on a tough market there is a need for competitive products. Pulp industry is a very energyconsuming industry and every saving on running expenses is significant.

Denna studie berör effektmätning av digital annonsering med en inriktning på webbanalyser och webbanalytiska verktyg. Uppsatsförfattaren ämnar att smala av begreppet effektmätning och belysa dess funktion och betydelse för dagens medieannonsörer och den aktuella mediebyrån som i detta fall studerats. Studien berör därmed effektmätningens roll inom dagens digitala medier – ur en mediebyrås perspektiv. Studien avser även att belysa o-/ betydelsen för annonsörer att investera i mätning av sin reklam. Mediebyrån och dess anställda är i denna uppsats konfidentiella. Mediebyrån valdes som objekt och utgångspunkt för studien då en liknande studie med samma fokusområde aldrig genomförts på byrån och effektmätning är ett aktuellt ämne inom medievärlden men även för byrån som främst arbetar med den digitala annonseringen. Syftet med uppsatsen är att se över och belysa effektmätningens roll i dagens digitala medier – vad det är som faktiskt mäts och till vilken nytta. Avsikten med studien är därmed att bidra till en djupare förståelse kring mätning av reklam, vilken nytta det ger samt vad det innebär för mediebyrån och annonsörer. Fem stycken kvalitativa intervjuer med anställda inom mediebyrån har genomförts. Samtliga respondenter besitter yrkesroller som huvudsakligen fokuserar på digitala medier, digital mätning, webbanalytiska verktyg samt kundrelationer. / This study concerns the power measurement of digital advertising with a focus on web analytics and web analytic tools. The author intends to narrow the concept of power measurement, highlighting its function and importance for today's media advertisers and for the media agency that is current for this study. Therefore, the paper highlights the role of power measurement within today's digital media – from a media agency perspective.The study also intends to highlight the importance for advertisers to invest in measuring their advertising. The media agency and its employees are in this paper confidential. The Media Agency was chosen as an object for the study because a similar study with the same focus never been implemented at the agency and power measurement is currently a topical issue in the media world, but also for the agency that primarily works with digital advertising. The purpose of this paper is to review and highlight the role of power measurement within today's digital media to find out what is actually being measured and for what purpose.The purpose of this study is therefore to contribute to a deeper understanding of the measurement of advertising, what benefits it provides and what it actual means for the media agency and advertisers. Five interviews with employees of the media agency have been conducted. All respondents possess professional roles that mainly focus on digital media, digital measurement, web analytic tools, and customer relations.

Abstract Titel Effektmätning av ett utbildningsprogram – genom lärande utvärdering Engelsk titel Effect Measurement of a Training Program – through Learning by Evaluating Handledare Lars Holmstrand Examinator Magnus Söderström Datum Juni 2011 Antal sidor 77 Nyckelord utvärdering, lärande, effektmätning, lärande utvärdering, formativ utvärdering Keywords evaluation, learning, effect measurement, learning by evaluating, formative evaluation The aim of this study was to investigate which effects a competence development effort has had on individuals and group, as well as in which way formative elements of evaluation possibly could have contributed to learning. The target group of the study was employees (eleven), their managers (seven) as well as co-ordinators (two) of a maintenance department at a nuclear power plant. The training program lasted from December 2009 to May 2010. The study was in progress as of September 2009 when a decision was made at the maintenance department’s training board to carry out the evaluation. The study is a comprehensive normal evaluation study focusing on learning by evaluation. As development model the Kirkpatrick, D.L &amp; Kirkpatrick, J.D. (2005) ―Four level evaluation model‖ was chosen. The collected input consisted of interviews, documents, notes from meetings, surveys and dialogues. The dialogue situation has mainly taken place between the evaluator, the participants, the manager and others on the subject of the evaluation. The result showed that learning by evaluation may contribute to learning. The prerequisites are that managers are involved in the evaluation process in order to create the prerequisites for a good learning environment. What also is required is that there is a co-operation between the evaluator and the persons involved in the evaluation throughout the whole evaluation process. A prerequisite is also that the result of the evaluation is received and utilized. The driving force for the participants in order to transfer the learning to everyday life was mainly motivation and willingness which appeared in the interviews, but the prerequisites for enabling this to continue to develop is the engagement of the management and the support in the form of a good learning environment. This entails time for reflection and also that the organisation supports the learning process. For the management to gain the understanding of the competence which the training provides and thus to provide the prerequisites for support, it is required that they themselves participate in the training. For the individuals the competence development effort has among others led to results in the form of a strengthened self-confidence, a wider view on maintenance as well as an understanding of other human beings and professions. For the group it is yet too early in order to be able to see any results in a wider perspective. The solution to reach this is that 7 many more must participate in the training before results might be attained. In groups with more than one participant there are however tendencies towards an increase in output within the group. Different activities within the learning by evaluation showed that learning has taken place throughout the whole evaluation process in different ways. Different corrective actions and measures have been carried out continuously in order to attain the best possible learning process. The reviews after the examinations, which were led by some of the managers, gave an excellent example of how learning may take place for different persons involved through co-operation and dialogue. Uncertainties were clarified and taken care of during these meetings. Also a learning process took place concerning the development model itself, as well as its pros and cons. The result also showed the importance of the management’s engagement in order to stimulate the learning.

Att sponsra idrottsorganisationer är ett väletablerat och vanligt förekommande fenomen bland företag. Miljontals kronor pumpas in i olika idrottsorganisationer med syfte att förbättra företags anseende om deras verksamhet samt varumärke. Trots krav på att kunna påvisa hur dessa investeringar påverkar företags verksamhet tyder många studier på en avsaknad av samt okunskap kring effektmätning. Avsikten med denna studie är att söka djupare förståelse kring om och i så fall hur företag mäter effekten av sin sponsring. För att kunna undersöka detta krävs att djupare förståelse skapas kring vilka mål företag, utan idrottskoppling, har till att investera i sponsorsamarbeten med idrottsorganisationer. Slutligen är även avsikten med studien att söka svar på vilket faktiskt utfall företags sponsring får, både gällande varumärkesimage ur konsumentens perspektiv samt om företag kan se en eventuell ekonomisk vinst genom deras sponsorsamarbeten. För att möjliggöra undersökandet av detta baseras studien i huvudsak på en kvalitativ intervjustudie med fyra passande företag, BAUHAUS och Folksam som idag, 2020, är aktiva sponsorer till idrottsorganisationer samt Epson och Ericsson som tidigare sponsrat idrottsorganisationer eller idrottsrelaterade event. Detta kompletteras med en kvantitativ enkätundersökning med de aktiva sponsorföretagens konsumenter för att analysera sponsorsamarbetenas påverkan på varumärket. Enkäten besvarades av 369 respondenter. Fenomenet undersöks med hjälp av följande teorier: Brand Equity, Brand Image Transfer, Return on Investment, Return och Objectives samt SMART-modellen. Resultatet från studien visar att företag har otydligt formulerade mål med sin idrottssponsring vilket medför att en eventuell effektmätning försvåras. Dock kan studiens resultat påvisa att idrottssponsring leder till ett något förbättrat varumärkesanseende. Däremot genererar idrottssponsring inte de positiva utfall som företag tycks förutsätta när sponsorsamarbeten inleds. / To sponsor a sports organization is a well-established and recurring phenomenon amongst corporations. Millions of Swedish kronor are invested in different sport organizations with the purpose to improve corporations business and trademarks. Despite requirements regarding proving an investments impact on corporation’s business operations many studies suggest there is a lack of, and ignorance surrounding effect measurements. The purpose with this study is to seek deeper understanding surrounding how corporations measure the effect of their sponsoring To enable this it is necessary to understand what goals corporations, without a clear connection to sport, have with their investments in sports organizations. The purpose with this study is also to seek answers surrounding which outcome the corporations sponsoring actual has, both regarding their brand image from a consumers perspective as well as weather they can identify an economic benefit with their sponsorship.  The study is mainly based on a qualitative interview study with four appropriate corporations, BAUHAUS and Folksam that today, 2020, are active sponsors to sports organizations and Epson and Ericsson that earlier have sponsored sports organizations or sport-related events. This is then supplemented with a quantitative survey with the consumers of the corporations that actively sponsor sports organizations to enable an analysis of the sponsorships impact on their trademark. The survey was completed by a total of 369 respondents. The phenomenon is studied with the help of the following theories: Brand Equity, Brand Image Transfer, Return on Investment, Return on Objectives and the SMART-model.  The results of this study show that corporations have vaguely formulated goals regarding their sport sponsorships which entails that potential effect measurements are hampered. However, the result of the study can prove that sport sponsorships do lead to a somewhat improved trademark reputation. On the contrary sport sponsorships do not seem to entail the positive effect corporations seem to presume when initiating a sport sponsorship.

Historiskt sett så har motorer och pumplösningar sålts utan sensorer. Detta innebär att kunden behöver designa specialbyggda övervakningslösningar, skräddarsydda till de specifika behoven som deras installation har. Detta innebär ofta att pumpförsäljaren går miste om pengar eftersom kunden har möjligheten att lösa sina övervakningsproblem med hjälp av produkter som säljs av andra företag. Eftersom Internet-of-Things har växt till den lukrativa marknaden som den idag är så söker företag möjligheter att använda sig av de teknologiska strategier som denna marknad använder sig av för att öka kundlojalitet och höja kvalitén av deras kundtjänster. Detta arbete har som målsättning att designa ett prototypsystem för att mäta komplex effektförbrukning hos trefas pumpmotorer i vattenlösningar. Målet är att konstruera en enhet som är liten nog att få plats innanför motorns hölje, och därmed få övervakning inbakad i produkten. Som en transitionsprodukt så måste systemet passa in i redan existerande övervakningsramverk som används av företaget, samtidigt som det måste vara kostnadseffektivt, noggrant och leverera alla de olika typerna av mätvärden som kan kan tänkas vara av värde vid komplex effektövervakning.  Projektet som presenteras i denna rapport fungerar som en undersökning och fastställning av den fundamentala designen av mätsystemet. Resultatet av arbetet är en konceptdesign som kan användas i senare steg av en iterativ produktutvecklingsprocess. Rapporten diskuterar teorin om vilka olika sensortyper och andra delar av ett mätsystem som kan vara applikativa för  systemet, och vilka som skulle kunna passa bäst. Resultatet består av ett konceptuellt kretskort och en kvantitativ uppskattning av noggrannheten. Kretskortet med tillhörande kretsscheman representerar en prototyp av mätsystemet i ett format som passar in i motorhöljet för en pump. Noggrannheten bestämdes laborativt baserat på den praktiska implementationen av mätsystemet, målsättningen var att hålla sig under 2.5\% relativ noggrannhet vilket uppnåddes för spänningsmätningen men inte för strömmätningen. / Historically, motors and pump solutions were sold without sensors. Requiring customers to create custom-built monitoring solutions, tailor-made to their specific installation and its needs. This often results in the pump vendor losing money since the customer is free to solve its monitoring problem using products sold by different companies. As Internet-of-Things has grown into the lucrative market it currently is, companies look to use the technological strategies created by IoT to increase customer retention and support quality. This thesis aim is to design a proof of concept system for measuring complex power consumption for three-phase pump motors in water solution installations. The goal is to produce a device small enough to be able to fit inside the motor itself, resulting in monitoring being delivered out-of-the-box. As a transition product, this device needs to be able to fit into already existing monitoring frameworks used by the company, while still being cost-effective, accurate and providing all the metrics already provided by larger external measurement systems. This thesis acts as an investigation into the fundamental design of this system, providing a concept design which can be used in further iterative product development. It discusses the theory of which sensors and other modules can be used for the measurement device, and which might be the best fit. It also presents a conceptual circuit board with accompanying schematic diagrams, representing a measurement system that would fit in the tight volume allowed in the motor housing. Finally, the thesis provides quantitive estimates of the accuracy of the system, derived from laboratorive experiments