The thesis: "Influence of employment politics on situation of people at the age of 50 + on the labour market: Case study of the Vsetín district" deals with problems of older people's position on the labour market in the Czech Republic focusing on the Vsetín district and influence of employment policy on this position. This thesis characterizes the group of people at the age of 50 and more as labour power and deals with their strategies on the labour market. It also deals with employment policy of the European Union related to the group of people at the age of 50 and more on the labour market and analyses strategic documents of the Czech Republic solving these problems in detail. Furthermore this thesis focuses on the employment policy of the Czech Republic, mainly on analysis of functions, possibilities, limits and influence of chosen tools of the active employment policy on the lowering of the number of the unemployed people who belong to the above mentioned age-group on the labour market. It evaluates these tools in detail and shows which of these examined tools have the biggest influence on the lowering of the number of the unemployed older people. In the practical part it deals with case study of a practical example of a possible solution of the problem of unemployment of people at the age of...

The topic of this thesis is "Unemployment benefit and its legal regulations in the Czech Republic and abroad - comparison of the Czech Republic and the Federal Republic of Germany." Taking into account that the problem of unemployment is very complex and cannot be viewed apart, this thesis attempts to analyse this problem from different perspectives. In the first chapter the essential terms are explained in detail for the sake of better comprehension of the whole matters. A different section of the thesis is also devoted to a brief description of the impact of unemployment not only on single individual, but also on the society as a unit. Another part of this work is conceived as a cross - section of how the unemployment security was solved in a light of various historical events and related attitudes and circumstances in the past. The mayor emphasis has been placed on the key period of 1918 - 1989. Considerable part of this work is given to the topic of employment policy and its instruments. Considering the fact the thesis seeks to bring the most possible complex view of the issue of unemployment benefit, could not be leaved out the explanation of the key concepts such as right to work and right to employment. The main part of the thesis is focused on the dilemma of recruitment by both employment...

In recent years became unemployment one of the most important economical issues. Increasing rate of unemployment is one of the most serious problems of most states. The goal of all of them is to ensure the maximal balance between supply and demand on the labour market. The purpose of the master thesis is to describe the basic aspects of labour market and unemployment, but primarily to describe the special instruments of the Austrian labour market and find some recommendations, which could be helpful and could be implemented to the system in the Czech Republic. First three chapters deals with the theoretical basis of the topic and terminology. First chapter describe the functioning of the labour market and specific attributes of the supply and demand on the labour market. Chapter two, which deal with the unemployment, define the origin of unemployment, kinds of unemployment and consequences of unemployment to the society. The third chapter concern to the topic of minimal wages and compare the advantages and disadvantages of the statutory minimal wages. Chapter four summarise the development and instruments of the employment policy of the European Union, because this policy has influence on the system in the Czech Republic and also in Austria. The last and the most important chapter of the thesis...

The thesis is focused on a problem of a high unemployment that is connected with unefficient and uneffective employment policy. The aim of this thesis is to review the possibility of the usage of several types of reforms with highly activating elements on the employment policy in a strong social focused state. First, reforms focused on high quality job programmes made by the employment office; second, programmes dealing with motivation of unemployed persons and, finally, reforms on creating of new working possitions by bussinessmen. An example of such reforms has been presented by the german labour market, which dealt with the problem of high unemployment by a number of radical reforms called Hartz I-IV. The reviews on the recent state of the german employment market made by other authors are very critical to the outcome of these reforms. Ambitions of this thesis are to review the reality of the german labour market in the last decade using the methods of statistically-analytic tools applied on the labour market indicators and to look back to the results of the german labour market during the economic crisis focusing on its stability and flexibility.

We develop a job search model with self-employment and savings to understand occupation choice in the United Kingdom (UK). In the UK, self-employment has steadily grown from the beginning of the 2000s and comprised more than 14% of the workforce in 2015. We estimated the model using the method of moments and data from two longitudinal surveys, the Wealth and Assets Survey and the Understanding Society for the period 2010-12. We then use the model to simulate counterfactual policies to promote employment via entrepreneurship such as lower profit taxation and entry barriers into self-employment, or through changes in wage taxes and unemployment benefits. The results show that a rise in self-employment can be mostly associated with an increase in the payroll tax or a reduction on the self-employment income tax / Desenvolvemos um modelo de busca por emprego que inclui o trabalhador autônomo e a riqueza para estudar a escolha ocupacional no Reino Unido. No Reino Unido, o trabalho por conta própria vem crescendo desde o início da década de 2000 e ultrapassou 14 % da força de trabalho em 2015. Estimamos o modelo usando o método de momentos e dados de duas pesquisas longitudinais, a Wealth and Assets Survey e a Understanding Society, para o período 2010-12. Em seguida, utilizamos o modelo para simular políticas contrafactuais de incentivo ao emprego através do empreendedorismo, com a menor tributação de lucros, redução às barreiras de entrada no trabalho por conta própria, ou através de alterações no imposto salarial e auxílio desemprego. Os resultados mostram que um aumento do emprego autônomo pode estar associado principalmente a um aumento do imposto sobre os salários ou a uma redução do imposto sobre o rendimento do trabalho por conta própria

This master thesis analyses a labour market at the region Most that has high unemployment rate. After the theoretical basis, the structural analysis of unemployment and its development thesis researches disequilibrium of the labour market both on the side of supply (active employment policy particularly retraining) and demand (the biggest employers in the area). The goal of the thesis is the cost analysis of the efficiency allocated resources into retraining programme particularly into its returns. It is illustrated on model situations and then on the average situation. According to the results it is appraised the truth of the hypothesis that active employment policy is advantageous for state and employers than passive employment policy in the long period. Thesis uses statistic models, comparison, situation analysis and questionnaire.

Cette thèse propose une typologie rendant compte de la diversité des politiques publiques visant à promouvoir l'indépendance des jeunes, ou leur citoyenneté socioéconomique, en Europe. Elle repose sur deux dimensions. La première concerne l’action publique lorsqu’elle vise à promouvoir l’emploi des jeunes grâce à la politique d’éducation et la politique de l’emploi : c’est l’enjeu de la citoyenneté économique des jeunes. Elle peut être inclusive, lorsqu’un pays est fortement macrocorporatiste, ou sélective, lorsque le macrocorporatisme est faible, selon que cette action délivre des compétences à tous les jeunes ou à une partie seulement. La deuxième dimension renvoie à l’action publique lorsqu’elle délivre directement une aide publique aux jeunes. C’est l’enjeu de la citoyenneté sociale des jeunes. Elle peut être familialisée dans les Etats-providence de tradition Bismarckienne, lorsque les jeunes sont considérés comme des enfants, ou individualisée dans les Etats-providence de tradition Beveridgienne, quand ils sont vus comme des adultes. En croisant ces deux dimensions, on obtient quatre régimes de citoyenneté socioéconomique, avec une citoyenneté habilitante (inclusive/individualisée), une citoyenneté encadrée (inclusive/familialisée), une citoyenneté de seconde classe (sélective/individualisée), et une citoyenneté refusée (sélective/familialisée). Dans une première partie empirique, nous classons 15 pays d’Europe de l’Ouest dans cette typologie, après avoir élaboré deux indices synthétiques de citoyenneté économique et de citoyenneté sociale. Puis, dans une deuxième partie empirique, nous procédons à quatre études de cas représentatifs de chaque régime, à savoir la Suède, l’Allemagne, le Royaume-Uni et la France. / This dissertation proposed a typology that accounts for the diversity of public policies promoting young people’s independence, i.e. what I call ‘youth welfare citizenship’, in Europe. This typology is built around two dimensions. The first dimension relates to public intervention on the school-to-work transition in order to promote the access to employment for young people, through the education policy and the employment policy: this is the issue of youth economic citizenship. It can be encompassing, when a country is strongly macrocorporatist, or selective, when it is not, according to the distribution of skills among the youth population. The second dimension has to do with public aids from the state towards young people: this is the issue of youth social citizenship. It can be familialized in Bismarckian welfare states, where young people are seen as children, or it can be individualized in Beveridgian welfare states, where young people are deemed to be adults. Combining these two dimensions, we end up with four regimes of youth welfare citizenship: an enabling citizenship (inclusive/individualized), a monitored citizenship (inclusive/familialized), a second-class citizenship (selective/individualized), and a denied citizenship (selective/familialized). In the first empirical part, I classify 15 western European countries into the typology by building two synthetic indices of youth economic citizenship and youth social citizenship. Then, in the second empirical part, I proceed to four case studies, each representing a regime of the typology: Sweden, Germany, the United Kingdom, and France.

Flassbeck’s article proposes to use demand management to enhance growth in Germany in order to increase employment. The author considers this kind of policy to release positive, but merely short-term effects. In the long run, he argues, government measures such as the deregulation of the labour market are necessary strategies for long-term growth.

The theme of the thesis is ¡§The Research and Discussion of the Promotion of the Local Employment Policy of R.O.C.¡¨ It is divided into five chapters. The first chapter, Introduction, is started with the unemployment problems caused by the worse and worse situations of politics and the economic environment and the related solutions of the government. Chapter Two, the Backgrounds and the Models of the Promotion of the Local Employment Policy of R.O.C., discusses a series of policies of re-establishment of employment, everlasting employment construction and multiple-employment development, etc. Chapter Three, The Evaluation of the Domestic promotion of local employment policy and related methods, evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of the local employment policy from the points of view of social efficiency and the efficiency of employment. Chapter Four, The Research and Discussion of the Experiences of the Promotion of Local Employment Policies of Foreign Countries, discusses the points which deserve our analyzing and learning, taking reference from the related academic theories and practical policies of USA, EU, Korea, etc. Chapter Five, Conclusion, claims the new thinking of combining the Third Party NGO of Multiple-Employment Development Policy and the benefits caused by the Policy of ¡§Deep Cultivation Localization¡¨ To reduce the rate of unemployment is the purpose of domestic promotion of the local employment policy. Although there appear many disadvantages during the process of practicing of the policy, generally speaking, multiple employment development policy has the advantages of reducing the rate of unemployment, the re-distribution of income, the balance between cities and countries, activating the re-building of the community life and the promoting of local economic development, etc. It is so-called Deep Cultivation Localization which presents the characters and the needs of the communities

This Thesis examines recent trends in flexible forms of employment and how those forms of employment influence and at the same time are influenced by the economic, structural and regulatory environments in the different countries of the European Union, as well as their diverse labour market regimes. Those interactions are used as the basis for an analysis of the likelihood of convergence or divergence in European ways of work organisation; and for a consideration of how much influence decision makers are capable of exercising on this process. The Thesisis divided into four parts. The first part starts by discussing theories of societal development, presenting a model of firms flexibility, and deals with methodological issues involved in relating firms strategies with national employment environments. The second part examines the characteristics of the various European labour markets using data from the European Labour Force Survey (ELFS, 1984 - 1994) and the New Forms of Work and Activity Survey (NFWA, 1989/90). Firm specific data from the NFWAis used to explain variance in firms use of new forms of employment with other firm features. The study argues that European labour markets are still distinct and that differences in the usage patterns and meaning of new forms of employment can not be explained by firm characteristics alone; differences in national labour market regimes have also to be considered. The third part relates the findings of the previous part to the national employment systems and compares various aspects of the findings in three sample countries (Spain, United Kingdom and Germany). It shows that the various systems function in different manners, and possess competitive advantages / disadvantages in different areas. Conditions needed for one system to work are distinct from those needed for the other systems. Interchanging some features known from other systems to increase for example flexibility in the short run, might have effects contrary to those sought and might destroy a system's foundations in the long run. The fourth part looks into possible converging / diverging trends in European ways of work organisation, given the different starting positions. The evidence presented suggest that in the short term gains can be made through a cost cutting strategy, however this will make in the long run the creation of the wanted high trust, high wage, high quality economy in Europe even more difficult. To overcome short term thinking, which could bring about a convergence towards a economy competing only on costs, co-ordination on a supranational level is needed. As the situation of the national systems is still distinct, decision making on this level is increasingly prone to gridlock. However, recent developments on the company level towards transnational information and work councils on a European level might have important effects, even when such arrangements still lag behind the swift developments towards economic and monetary union.