<p>The aim of the study has been to gain an increased understanding of the sense of participation and influence that the enrolled nurses, working with home-help services within the purchaser – provider model, feel and how this participation and influence affect them. Five enrolled nurses in three of Stockholm's districts related their experiences of participation and influence at work in the qualitative interviews that were conducted. The result was then analyzed with the help of two theories, Karasek's and Theorell´s Demand- Control Model and Antonovsky's theory regarding ”a Sense of Coherence (SOC)”. The analyzes show that the enrolled nurses have a low sense of participation and influence regarding decisions relating to their work situation. Decisions that affect the enrolled nurses are made by politicians, directors, and care managers of the city districts (biståndshandläggare). On the other hand, the enrolled nurses felt strong support from their peers at work. They could socialize and discuss issues with them. The analyzes show that without their peer support, they would have a lower sense of participation and influence. Furthermore the analyzes show that the interview subjects possess knowledge and competence that they are unable to make use of in their work.</p>

<p>The Swedish old-age care will in the near future face an extensive need to recruit enrolled nurses by virtues of the demographical development. The generation born in the 1940s will soon retire, and at the same time the rest of the population is growing older. One thing that becomes more important in how to draw more people to the old-age care, is to understand how the ones who allready work there experience their own worksituation.</p><p>The purpose of this study was to find out how enrolled nurses from two different generations experienced their own occupational role and make similarities and differences between the two generations experiences visible. The topics of interest in our study are the respondents own thoughts about their education, their worksituation today, what they think of the future and how they believe others regard their work. To fulfill the purpose of our study we used qualitative interviews. We have performed interviews with three enrolled nurses between 50 and 57 years of age and four enrolled nurses between 20 and 25 years of age.</p><p>The result was then analyzed with the help of Ingleharts theory “The silent revolution” and the concept of generations. The results showed that there were differences between the two generations. We can´t either on the basis of the small selection of respondents in our study draw any general conclusions. But some differences that show is that the older generation in a larger extent identify with their own occupational role. We also experience that the older are more satisfied with their work situation. They see possibilities to develop in their profession, which the younger don´t. The younger make demands on more possibilities and are more restless then the older generation. From the result we can also see that eatch generation is relative homogeneous. When their is differences between the generations their is often similarites within the own generation. One thing that both generations have in common and that shows clear in the interviews are the importens of empathy and good treatment.</p>

The aim of the study has been to gain an increased understanding of the sense of participation and influence that the enrolled nurses, working with home-help services within the purchaser – provider model, feel and how this participation and influence affect them. Five enrolled nurses in three of Stockholm's districts related their experiences of participation and influence at work in the qualitative interviews that were conducted. The result was then analyzed with the help of two theories, Karasek's and Theorell´s Demand- Control Model and Antonovsky's theory regarding ”a Sense of Coherence (SOC)”. The analyzes show that the enrolled nurses have a low sense of participation and influence regarding decisions relating to their work situation. Decisions that affect the enrolled nurses are made by politicians, directors, and care managers of the city districts (biståndshandläggare). On the other hand, the enrolled nurses felt strong support from their peers at work. They could socialize and discuss issues with them. The analyzes show that without their peer support, they would have a lower sense of participation and influence. Furthermore the analyzes show that the interview subjects possess knowledge and competence that they are unable to make use of in their work.

Bakgrund: SBU (2006) efterfrågade mer evidens för Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, (ACT) mot långvarig smärta då det både är en stor orsak till lidande och en dyr samhällskostnad (87,5 miljarder kr, år 2003). Enheten för Långvarig Smärta – Avdelning, (ELS-A) är den enda vårdavdelningen i Sverige som behandlar långvarig smärta med ACT. Syfte: Att undersöka hur patienter, som för minst ett år sedan genomgått ACT-behandling på en slutenvårdsavdelning med långvariga smärttillstånd som specialitet, upplevde behandlingsmetoden och dess resultat samt sjuksköterskans roll vid behandlingen. Metod: Kvalitativ forskningsintervju med semi-strukturerade frågor tillämpades för datainsamling. Fem färdigbehandlade patienter intervjuades och därefter analyserades intervjuinnehållet i en analysmodell. Resultat: Patienterna ställde sig väldigt positiva och tacksamma till både ACT-behandlingen och resultatet av den. Alla patienter upplevde en minskning av smärtproblematik, medan själva smärtnivån inte påverkats något nämnvärt. Efter avklarad sexveckorsbehandling valde två av fem av patienterna att fortsätta vidareutbilda sig i ACT på egen hand. Patienterna upplevde både positiva och negativa delar med ACT som gruppbehandling, medan ingen ställde sig negativ till individuell träning. Sjuksköterskans roll uppfattades som väsentlig och vital för avdelningens dagliga arbete. Det mest uppskattade med sjuksköterskan var hennes höga kompetens i form av vidareutbildning och yrkeserfarenhet samt hennes ständiga närvaro på avdelningen. Slutsats: ACT som behandlingsmetod uppskattades främst för det multiprofessionella arbetet. Behandlingen gav goda resultat gällande smärtupplevelsen för patienter med diagnosen långvarig smärta. ACT var uppskattat och intervjupersoner fortsatte därför egenbehandlingen efter utskrivning från ELS-A. Sjuksköterskan var en uppskattad person med sin höga kompetens och dagliga närvaro på avdelningen. / Background: SBU (2006) has requested more evidence-based research about the efficiency of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on chronic pain, a disease that cost Sweden 87,5 million Krona in 2003. ELS-A is today the only department in Sweden where patients diagnosed with chronic pain can enroll for treatment. The treatment at the clinic is based on the philosophy of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). Aim: To examine how patients diagnosed with chronic pain, one year after finalized treatment at ELS-A, evaluated the method of treatment, their level of pain today, and what role the nurse had during the enrollment. Method: Qualitative research interviews with semi-structured questions were applied for data collection. Five patients were interviewed and the data was analyzed. Results: The patients were very supportive and grateful both towards the experience of the ACT treatment itself, and the results of said therapies. All five patients experienced a reduction in how their pain previously negatively affected their lives, however the level of pain they felt remained the same. After the six weeks of clinical treatment two out of five of the interviewed patients continued studying the ACT-method independently. The patients all had both positive and negative experiences from the group interactions, and found greater appreciation for the individual treatment. The nurse played an important role in the department's everyday order of business. The nurse's performance during these days of testing was excellent. Her level of higher education, work experience and work ethic during the program was most appreciated by all. Conclusion: ACT treatment was appreciated mainly for the multi-professional team. The treatment gave good results in terms of pain perception in patients with a diagnosis of chronic pain. ACT was appreciated and interviewees therefore continued self-treatment after discharged from ELS-A. The nurse was a popular team-member with her high knowledge and daily presence at the department.

The Swedish old-age care will in the near future face an extensive need to recruit enrolled nurses by virtues of the demographical development. The generation born in the 1940s will soon retire, and at the same time the rest of the population is growing older. One thing that becomes more important in how to draw more people to the old-age care, is to understand how the ones who allready work there experience their own worksituation. The purpose of this study was to find out how enrolled nurses from two different generations experienced their own occupational role and make similarities and differences between the two generations experiences visible. The topics of interest in our study are the respondents own thoughts about their education, their worksituation today, what they think of the future and how they believe others regard their work. To fulfill the purpose of our study we used qualitative interviews. We have performed interviews with three enrolled nurses between 50 and 57 years of age and four enrolled nurses between 20 and 25 years of age. The result was then analyzed with the help of Ingleharts theory “The silent revolution” and the concept of generations. The results showed that there were differences between the two generations. We can´t either on the basis of the small selection of respondents in our study draw any general conclusions. But some differences that show is that the older generation in a larger extent identify with their own occupational role. We also experience that the older are more satisfied with their work situation. They see possibilities to develop in their profession, which the younger don´t. The younger make demands on more possibilities and are more restless then the older generation. From the result we can also see that eatch generation is relative homogeneous. When their is differences between the generations their is often similarites within the own generation. One thing that both generations have in common and that shows clear in the interviews are the importens of empathy and good treatment.

The purpose of this longitudinal study was to evaluate the enrolled nurse/registered nurse (EN/RN) programme to determine the extent to which the graduates of the programme had acquired knowledge and skills to provide primary health care services to communities using the Stufflebeam CIPP model as a framework. The study determined the extent to which the graduates perceived that their knowledge and skills in provision of primary health care services have been strengthened and the extent to which their supervisors perceived the improvement of the graduates' knowledge and skills in provision of primary health care services in clinical and primary health care settings. The programme used two models for upgrading: one year full-time residential and two year distance education. The study used methodological triangulation for data collection. Data collection tools comprised of self-administered questionnaires to the EN/RN upgrade graduates, structured group interviews to their supervisors from the hospitals and district health teams and the review of the students' examination records from Institute of Health Sciences/University of Botswana (IHS/UB). Data were collected and analyzed from the one year full-time residential graduates who completed the programme from 1995-2000 and from the two year part-time distance education graduates who completed the programme 1996-2000. The findings from the academic records indicated that out of the 1116 enrolled nurses that were admitted into the EN/RN upgrade programme between 1994-2000 nine (0.8%) withdrew from the programme due to ill health or personal reasons before writing the final examinations. This is indicative of a high retention rate in the programme. In the one year full-time residential programme, out of the 695 enrolled nurses were admitted in the programme from 1995-2000 period five (0.7%) withdrew from the programme before writing the final examinations, 690 students sat for the final examination and 640 (92.8%) passed. In the two year part-time distance education programme, out of the 421 enrolled nurses were admitted in the programme from 1996-2000 period four (0.9%) withdrew from the programme before writing the final examinations, 417 students sat for the final examinations and 402 (96.4%) passed. Out of the 1107 students from both the one year full-time residential and the two year part-time distance education programme that sat for the final IHS/UB examinations, 1042 (94.1%) passed. The academic records revealed that the programme was efficient and effective because 1042 (94.1%) out of 1107 students completed the programme in one year and two years as planned because the programme was not repetitive and there were replacement costs. This high pass rate (94.1%) is an indication that the graduates did acquire knowledge and skills for provision of primary health care services. Data analysis from the self-administered questionnaires of the graduates also revealed that the graduates perceived that their knowledge and skills for provision of primary health care services have been strengthened because of the acquisition of the new knowledge in primary health care. This complemented the high academic performance of the graduates that the graduates knowledge and skills to deliver primary health care had been strengthened. Data analysis from the structured group interviews of the supervisors of the graduates further revealed that the supervisors perceived that the knowledge of the graduates in providing primary health care services in the hospitals and the district health teams had improved. The supervisors indicated that the graduates were now providing primary health care services with less supervision in the hospitals and the health districts. / Health Studies / D.Litt et Phil. (Health Studies)

En stor andel av alla sjukskrivningar i Sverige beror på psykisk ohälsa. Kvinnor inom kontaktyrken löper störst risk att drabbas. Konflikter på arbetsplatsen är en anledning till psykisk ohälsa. Syftet med denna kvalitativa studie är att undersöka hur kvinnliga undersköterskor upplever konflikter i arbetsgrupp utifrån fyra perspektiv: arbetsgrupp, genus, makt och socialt utbyte. Med hjälp av semistrukturerade intervjuer har vi intervjuat tio undersköterskor i en mindre ort i Västra Götaland. Resultatet visar att informanterna upplever att konflikter har en negativ inverkan på undersköterskornas arbetssituation. Informanterna upplever även att konflikter uppstår på grund av olika personlighetstyper som inte harmoniserar med varandra, olika arbetssätt samt undvikande från arbetsuppgifter. Majoriteten av informanterna upplever att de agerar på ett medlande eller undvikande sätt i konflikter. De upplever även att konflikternas uttryckssätt beror på genusstrukturer. Exempelvis upplever informanterna att de hellre väljer att prata bakom ryggen på varandra än att reda ut konflikterna. De upplever att det är ett genusrelaterat beteende att prata bakom ryggen på varandra. Informanterna vittnar även om upplevelsen att det lätt uppstår en maktobalans bland nyanställd personal och mer etablerad personal. Slutligen visar studien resultat att informanterna upplever att chefens beteende är av stor vikt för personalens välmående. Sammanfattningsvis tyder resultaten på att undersköterskornas konflikter på arbetsplatsen är komplexa och kan te sig på olika sätt. Att konflikterna är varierande i sin uttrycksform kan bero på att det är en kvinnodominerad arbetsplats med en hög arbetsbelastning. / A majority of the individuals on sick leave in Sweden is due to mental illness and women working in healthcare is at high risk. A common reason due to psychological health related sickness is conflicts in the workplace. The purpose of this qualitative study is to examine female enrolled nurse’s experiences of conflicts in workgroups. Four perspectives are taken in to account – work group, gender, power and social exchange theory. The empirical samplings were collected via semi-structured interviews with ten enrolled nurses attending from a smaller city in the Västra Götaland region. The result shows that conflicts have a negative impact regarding the workplace situation in general. The conflicts arise due to differences in personality type, different approaches to how to get the job done and also evading of work duties. The result also show that a majority of the informants consider their conflict management strategies characterized by meddling or avoiding. They also consider the conflicts means of expression originating from gender structures. For example, the informants prefer to talk behind each other’s backs rather than solve the conflicts immediately. They consider this originating from gender related behavior. Further on a power imbalance tend to occur between enrolled nurses who is newly hired and/or with less professional experience and those who has a lot of professional experience and has been at the workplace for a longer time. The head manager’s behavior toward conflicts is of great importance regarding the enrolled nurse’s wellbeing in the workplace. In summary the results show that the conflicts in the workplace is complex and appear differently. A reason behind this could be the fact that the enrolled nurse’s work place is both female dominated and characterized by a heavy workload.

Orientador: Elizabeth Nogueira Gomes da Silva Mercuri / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-23T10:03:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vassoler_AnaMariaJesuinaBarbieri_M.pdf: 2082854 bytes, checksum: 083368976e8316a5eb205e974f61f955 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Observa-se, no Brasil, nas últimas décadas, um aumento significante no número de estudantes ingressantes no ensino superior, resultado do aumento da população jovem adulta, das exigências do mercado de trabalho para responder ao desenvolvimento econômico e social do país, das políticas de acesso e de abertura à maior heterogeneidade de alunos neste nível educacional e, que tem, entre suas consequências, maior presença de estudantes adultos neste nível de ensino. Nota-se que os termos para a identificação do aluno adulto na graduação, bem como os atributos que o definem, variam consideravelmente nos estudos da área, contudo, o mais frequente atributo utilizado tem sido o ingresso no ensino superior com idade igual ou acima de 25 anos. Observa-se na literatura que os estudantes adultos possuem características que influenciam como eles aprendem e como vivenciam a graduação, incluindo as interações que estabelecem com os pares. Diante do número cada vez maior de estudantes adultos na graduação e pelo entendimento de que as interações com os pares destacam-se na literatura como uma variável associada à integração acadêmica, ao envolvimento do estudante, ao sucesso acadêmico, bem como à permanência deste nas instituições de ensino superior, objetivou-se nesse estudo descrever e analisar em estudantes adultos ingressantes na graduação, a frequência e o conteúdo das interações com os pares nos campos acadêmico e social e sua relação com as variáveis pessoais dos participantes: sexo, idade, turno do curso, exercício de atividade remunerada, e semestre do curso. Participaram do estudo 84 universitários de diferentes cursos, com idade variando entre 25 a 69 anos, matriculados em um dos campi de uma universidade confessional localizada na região sudeste do Brasil. Os principais resultados deste trabalho, cujos dados tiveram origem nas respostas de estudantes adultos a uma Escala de Interação com os Pares, indicaram que estes interagem de maneira geral com baixa frequência com os pares. Em relação às diferenças das médias obtidas pelos quatro domínios da escala, observou-se a existência de diferença estatisticamente significante entre as interações características de convívio social e de lazer que se mostraram como a de menor frequência. Ao comparar a natureza de interações com pares que se associam às variáveis dos participantes, observou-se que as interações do campo social estão mais fortemente associadas quando comparadas às interações de natureza acadêmica e que, do conjunto de variáveis dos participantes, sexo, idade, turno do curso e exercício de atividade remunerada mostraram-se associadas significantemente a diferentes domínios de interação com os pares. Os resultados do presente estudo auxiliam na compreensão do comportamento dos estudantes adultos do ensino superior em relação às interações com os pares, possibilitam ampliação do conhecimento sobre esse aluno e contribuem com políticas e ações de intervenção. / Abstract: It is observed in Brazil in the last decades, a significantly increase in the students number enrolled in college. It is resulted of the young adult population's rise, of the job market requirement to respond the social and economical country development, the governmenta openness and access policies to a better heterogeneity from this educational level, that has as consequence a larger presence of adult students in this educational level. It's also observed that to identify the adult students in college, as well the attributes that define them vary substantially in the studies area, however the most used attribute has been the college enrolled on the age of 25 or above. It is perceived in previous studies that adult students have characteristics that influence how they learn and how they experience the college, including the interaction that they establish with the common peers. Before the increase number of adult students in college and understanding that the common peer interactions is highlighted in previous studies as a variable associated to the academic integration, to the student's involvement, to the academic success, as well the permanence of them at the college institutions allowed in this search describe and analyze in adult students enrolled in college institutions, the frequency and the content of the common peer interactions in the academic and social field and its relation with the personal variables of the participants: gender, age, course shift, occupation and course semester. Participated of this search 84 college students from different courses, ages from 25 to 69, enrolled in a college's campus situated in the southeast region of Brazil. The main results of this search, which datas were collected from the adult students answers to a common peers interaction scale, revealed that they normally interacted with the common peer in a low frequency. According to average's differences got by the four scale dominion, it's observed the existence of a significant statistically difference between the interaction deriving of social aspects and leisure, being the last one observed with the lowest frequency. Comparing the way of interactions with common peers are associated to the participants variations, it's observed that the social interaction are substantially associated when compared to the academic interactions and, from the personal participants variation, gender, age, course shift and occupation was significantly associated to different dominions of common peers interaction. The results of this search support the behavior understanding of adult students attending college courses according to the common peer relation interactions, it enables a knowledge enlargement about this student and also contributes to policies and intervention actions. / Mestrado / Psicologia Educacional / Mestra em Educação

Thesis (MPH.) -- University of Limpopo, 2016. / Introduction and purpose: Midwives are the backbone of maternal and child health—the output of their action affect quality of life of mother and child. The purpose of the study was to describe the challenges encountered by one-year diploma student midwives while acquiring clinical skills at selected hospitals in Limpopo Province. Research design and method: A quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional research method was used in this study. The study population comprised all one-year diploma student midwives in selected hospitals in Limpopo Province, namely, Dilokong Hospital, Jane Furse Memorial Hospital, Mokopane Hospital, Philadelphia Hospital, Siloam Hospital and St Rita’s Hospital. The whole study population was used as the total population was small. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Informed consent was received from the participants as was ethical approval from the relevant authorities. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22 with the aid of a statistician. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze and describe the data. Data were presented in tables and bar graphs.Findings: Respondents in this study indicated that they encountered the following challenges during their acquisition of clinical skills at the selected hospitals in the Limpopo Province: inadequate resources; inadequate mentoring. Male participants reported feelings of being more competent than their female counterparts. There was no relationship between acquisition of skills and marital status, and no correlation between age and acquisition of skills.

Studien hade till syfte att få förståelse för om stödbehovet för undersköterskorna inom hemtjänsten förändrats efter utbrottet av Covid-19 pandemin. Den hade även till syfte att undersöka om ledarskapsstilen hade möjlighet att tillgodose undersköterskans behov av stöd. Denna kvalitativa studie baserades på sex individuella semistrukturerade intervjuer med undersköterskor och enhetschefer inom kommunal hemtjänst i Mellansverige. Materialet analyserades tematiskt utifrån olika teorier som systemteori samt transformativt och transaktionell ledarskapsteori. Genom resultatet framgick det ett utökat stödbehov, och då i form av exempelvis information, handledning samt tydliga arbetsrutiner. Resultatet förordar även transformativt samt transaktionellt ledarskap för att stötta undersköterskorna.