Bolivia has a high STI rate and an accelerating HIV/AIDS rate. The majority of the country's newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS cases come from the province of Santa Cruz in eastern Bolivia, where this study took place. In this study, the investigator assessed the notion that Bolivian truck drivers are a bridge population of HIV transmission within heterosexual networks. This investigation determined risks of HIV/STI transmission through interviews, surveys, and workshops given to the truck drivers. Special attention was given to self reports of sexual behavior, cognitions and ego maturation stages, in order to assess risk. Mixed methodology was the research paradigm of choice, utilizing qualitative and quantitative phases. Workshops were designed, implemented, and evaluated. Analysis was completed on survey results from 246 male truckers (aged 18 to 67). More than half (56%) of these truckers admitted to having sex with casual partners. In addition, from 30% (quantitative inquiry) to 52% (qualitative inquiry) of these truck drivers have had sexually transmitted infections. Three factors predicted condom use: Age, Outcome expectancies, and Perceived social norms. Only one factor predicted STI history: Number of sex partners. Adult stage theory did not directly impact sexual behavior. A high risk of HIV/STI transmission has been detected in Bolivian truck drivers. This notion supports other studies involving truck drivers, and calls attention to the need for tailored health education programs for this population. Furthermore, younger truck drivers are at greater risk of HIV transmission than older truck drivers, in spite of their increased condom use. Sexual health workshops for Bolivian truck drivers are worthwhile and can be most effective when co-managed with truck companies or unions. Counseling, testing, and follow up research programs can best be implemented through these already-existing management structures. Future programs need to emphasize other behaviors besides condom use. Workshops should also include truckers' spouses as participants. Lastly, since casual sex partners of truck drivers rarely fit the mold of a commercial sex worker, effort should be made to describe these casual partners and design subsequent workshops for them.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / This dissertation is an exposition and critique of Paul Tillich's and Erik H. Erikson's conceptualizations of the origin and nature of morality and ethics. After each author's theory of the origin and nature of morality and ethics is summarized, the similarities and differences which exist between their views are presented. Next their positions are evaluated according to the norm of coherence as defined by E.S. Brightman. Finally, a brief comparative criticism of their positions is made according to the same norm. The major similarity between Tillich's and Erikson's positions is their description of the origin of morality. Both men locate it in man's essential nature. On the basis of their descriptions of man's nature, both develop self-fulfillment theories of morality and ethics. However, they envision self-fulfillment within a communal rather than an individualistic context. The individual and society are described as a polar unity by both scholars. [TRUNCATED] / 2031-01-01

Student Number : 9604621R - MEd (Ed Psyc) research report - School of Education - Faculty of Humanities / The Adolescent Stress Identification Inventory (ASII) was developed specifically to identify stress in South African adolescents. It consists of structured questions in response to which the subject is required to rate a statement according to a given scale. The purpose of this research was to assess the usefulness of the ASII as a structured inventory for identifying stress in adolescent girls who attend a private high school in Johannesburg. The sample of adolescents used in this research comprised only of English speaking girls but with the added dimension of the different race groupings namely White, Black, Chinese, Indian and Coloured. This allowed the researcher to compare the stressors identified by Kruger (1992) with the comparative female age cohort selected in this sample and identify and compare the stressors amongst the different racial groups. Understanding what types of things adolescents find stressful in relation to their stage of development is important in helping the adolescent cope with their “daily hassles” and assists teachers, parents and psychologists in treating and preventing the symptoms of stress. Erikson’s psychosocial theory of development is used as a basis for understanding the complex interaction and integration of physical, psychological and social factors that characterize adolescence as a period of development. The findings from this research suggest that the stressors identified by grade 10 and grade 11 girls, can be viewed in terms of the factors associated with the ASII, namely societal demands, self-concept, future expectations, relations and positive experience. The ASII was able to identify stressors and detect the similarities and differences of the types of concerns that the adolescents from the different race groups perceived as stressful. It is recommended that the ASII is used in conjunction with a qualitative means of acquiring more information about the respondents stress experience.

During my time spent as a practitioner teacher I experienced that students lack of interest for the studies of religion. Nonetheless, students tend to have questions regarding their identity and existential health, questions that, arguably, could be discussed in the scholar of religion. I wished to see if one could increase the interest in religious studies by understanding the students’s health issues and their ideas of existential health. The psychology of religion aims to answer and reflect upon questions regarding health and the well-being of humans. The aim of current study was to explore how adolescents describe their identity in relationship to existential questions. The following research questions were posed:   How do young people express aspects that relate to existential health and identity on the BRIS homepage chat forum? How can these descriptions be interpreted based on Melder's theory of existential health and Erikson's theory of self-development? Can the above analysis contribute to increasing the conditions for pupils' perceived relevance and interest in the teaching of religion in high school?   The method used to answer these was qualitatively targeted content analysis. The qualitative data was generated from the adolescents different expressions, coded with Open Code 4.03. Data were gathered from a Swedish children’s rights organization, BRIS (Barnens rätt i samhället)chat forum and included posts from adolescents between 12 and 18 years old. The material is posted over 2 months, September-October, 2018. The phenomenon was investigated with the help of Erik H Erikson and Cecilia Melder’s theories. Erikson's theory is used based on his theories on the development of young people and its stages. By applying Melder’s theory I was able to search for aspects and parts of the material that could be understood and explained by some or more of the eight existential aspects that, according to the theory, affect the overall self-valued health a person experiences. The result of this study shows that with the help of Erikson’s theory, we can receive knowledge on how young people develop. With Melder's theory we can show the eight existential aspects of the material to reach a deeper understanding of the health of young people. In conclusion, the study also contributes to a further comprehension in how religious studies can be conducive when trying to understand existential health and ideas of identity among adolescents.

While Erikson's psychosocial theory continues to dominate theoretical explanations of adolescent identity development. Marcia's ego identity status paradigm has become the primary basis to empirically measure such notions. Though Marcia's paradigm has its roots in psychosocial theory. questions have surfaced regarding the communality of Marcia's and Erikson's notions on identity. Issues of scope. connectedness. definition. terminology. and measurement have marked a potential divergence among the two approaches-views which until recently seemed almost unified. This study addressed the relationship between Erikson's psychosocial theory and Marcia's ego identity status paradigm. By administering identity and psychosocial stage-specific measures to a sample of college-age adolescents. an assessment of the empirical relationship between the two theories has been established. A general pattern was found that the highest levels of psychosocial trust. autonomy. initiative. and industry were reported by the achieved respondents, followed by the foreclosed, moratorium, and diffused respondents, respectively. Discriminant analysis also identified specific psychosocial differences between statuses. The achieved respondents reported higher levels of trust. autonomy, initiative. and industry than moratoriums: significantly higher levels of autonomy and industry than the foreclosed: and significantly higher levels of trust and initiative. and significantly lower levels of guilt when compared to diffused respondents. Moratoriums reported significantly higher levels of emotional autonomy and significantly lower levels of trust and initiative than foreclosed respondents. Moratoriums did report significantly higher initiative and lower guilt than the diffused. Foreclosed respondents reported significantly higher initiative and lower autonomy than diffused persons. These results provide significant-albeit initial----quantitative evidence that Marcia's ego identity status paradigm corresponds both specifically and broadly to Erikson's theory of identity development.

Thesis (M. Div.)--St. Vladimir's Orthodox Theological Seminary, 2000. / [Abstract]. Includes bibliographical references (leaf 51).

Abstract This study examines the connection between power and identity in three Gothic novels, Ann Radcliffe’s The Mysteries of Udolpho, William Godwin’s Caleb Williams, and Charles Robert Maturin’s Melmoth the Wanderer. Following the identity theories of Erik Erikson, I argue that identity has biological, psychological, and social aspects that are subject to change over time. As individual agency—the ability to function as a person—depends on a relatively certain and stable sense of personal identity, Gothic villains—both individuals and institutions—gain and maintain their power by disempowering their victims. In order to do so, they work to compromise these victims’ sense of personal identity, causing them to suffer identity crises that greatly reduce their ability to function. Employing various means—including threats of rape, destruction of reputation, imprisonment, forced exile, denial of freedom of thought, torture, and others—Gothic villains attempt to weaken their victims by placing them in situations that cause the fears that Erikson argues all people share to become paralyzing and debilitating states of anxiety, states in which the victims suffer from a temporary, or, in extreme cases, permanent loss of agency. These Gothic victims’ paranoia, identity crises, and subsequent loss of agency underscore the importance of individuals’ identity and constitute the horror that is at the heart of Gothic fiction.

Thesis (M. Div.)--St. Vladimir's Orthodox Theological Seminary, 2000. / [Abstract]. Includes bibliographical references (leaf 51).

Thesis (M. Div.)--St. Vladimir's Orthodox Theological Seminary, 2000. / [Abstract]. Includes bibliographical references (leaf 51).

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