This theses deals with death from the perspective of the mystery of the revelation of Jesus Christ, it describes and puts it into the context of theological anthropology. It analysis death from the point of view of the Old and New testament and defines the basic terms in relation to eschatology. It shows the consequences for the practice of care of dying persons, which in fullness develops the relationship between man and God. The theme of the thesis is being elaborated upon from the perspective of a believer in eternal life given to us through the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ.

[pt] Jesus foi um judeu piedoso de seu tempo, observante da Lei, preocupado em cumprir a vontade de Deus. Perceber a relação de Jesus com a Lei nos ajuda a entender a situação das comunidades seguidoras dele na Palestina, em constante confronto com outras propostas de fidelidade à Torá. Nessa dissertação propomos uma análise exegético-teológica de Mateus 5,17-20, para compreender essa relação de Jesus com a Lei, como ele a cumpriu, e que exigências fez a partir de sua própria prática. A afirmação de Jesus, de que veio para cumprir, já suscitou todo tipo de interpretação, e o fato de estar no centro do discurso conhecido como Sermão do Monte só aumenta o seu interesse. Com o auxílio do método históricocrítico, e ainda a criteriologia elaborada para a pesquisa do Jesus Histórico, é possível fazer uma aproximação do texto ao mesmo tempo científica e piedosa, legitimamente interessada nas afirmações daquele que é considerado o maior mestre de todos os tempos. / [en] Jesus was a piety Jew in his time, a Law observer, worried about fulfilling the God`s will. Realizing the relationship between Jesus and the Law help us how to understand the situation of his followers communities on Palestine, in constant confrontation with other proposals of faithfulness to the Torah. This dissertation proposes an exegetical- theological analysis on Matthew 5,17-20 to understand this relationship between Jesus and the Law, the way he fulfilled it, and which demands he made from his own practice. The Jesus saying, that he came to fulfill, have already caused every kind of interpretation an the fact of being in the speech`s center known as Sermon on the Mount just increases the interest for it. With the historical-critical method and still the criteria elaborated to the Historical Jesus research, it is possible to do an approach of the text at same time scientific and piety, legitimately interested on the statements of whom is considered the greatest leader of all times.

La recherche proposée souhaite être une contribution aux études coraniques contemporaines. Elle vise à analyser un genre prépondérant du Coran : la polémique. L'étude s'appuie pour l'essentiel sur l'analyse du contre-discours tenu par les détracteurs du Coran, dont ce dernier se fait lui-même l'écho, et la riposte coranique qu'elle génère. L'investigation tentera de répondre aux questions suivantes : comment le discours coranique réfute la parole qui le nie ? Quelles sont les stratégies discursives mises en place ? Quelles sont les représentations de l'opposant qu'elles entraînent ? A quels effets (de sens) sur qui et sur quoi ces stratégies conduisent-elles ? Ce travail empruntera des voies méthodologiques pluridisciplinaires issues des sciences de l'histoire des religions, des théories de la linguistique (la polyphonie, l'intertextualité et le discours rapporté) et des sciences de l'argumentation et de la rhétorique (le modèle dialogal et les questions argumentatives). / Although counter-discourse - or the Qur'ān's quotation of opponents real or fictitious - is a fundamental characteristic of the Qurānic rhetoric, it has never been systematically studied. This PhD seeks to partly fill in this gap. For this purpose, our work will propose a localization, a quantification and a categorization of the phenomenon in the Qurānic corpus. The investigation will attempt to answer the following questions : how the Qur'anic discourse rejects the words that denies itself ? What are the discursive strategies in place ? What are the representations of the opponents ? This work will use multidisciplinary science of history of religions, theories of linguistics (polyphony, intertextuality, and reported speech) and science of argumentation and rhetoric.

A presente pesquisa visa a traduzir e analisar os elementos escatológicos do texto latino do séc. XII, Tractatus de Purgatorio Sancti Patricii (\"Tratado do Purgatório de São Patrício\"), comparando-os àqueles encontrados em obras ou trechos representativos de mesma ou similar natureza, pertencentes tanto à Alta, quanto à Baixa Idade Média, ainda que não se excluam obrigatoriamente narrativas externas a tais períodos. Entre os textos a serem cotejados, citam-se os seguintes a título de exemplo: a versão latina longa da Visio Pauli (\"A Visão de Paulo\") editada por Hilhorst e Silverstein (1997), os relatos do pós-vida expostos no cap. XXXVI, livro IV, dos Libri Dialogorum, de Gregório Magno, assim como as visões dos cavaleiros Drythelm e Tnugdal, sendo a primeira delas descrita por Beda, no livro V, cap. XII, de sua História Eclesiástica do Povo Inglês (Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum). / The purpose of this research is to translate the 12th century Latin text Tractatus de Purgatorio Sancti Patricii (\"The Treatise on St. Patrick\'s Purgatory\") and analyze the eschatological elements present in the text by comparing them to those found in works or excerpts of similar nature belonging mainly to the Early and High Middle Ages. Among these are the Long Latin version of the Visio Pauli (\"The Vision of Paul\") edited by Hilhorst and Silverstein (1997), the accounts of life after death described in chapter XXXVI, Book IV, of Gregory the Great\'s Libri Dialogorum (\"Dialogues\"), as well as the visions of the knights Drythelm and Tnugdal, the first of these rendered by Bede in chapter XII, Book V, of his Ecclesiastical History of the English People (Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum).

Submitted by isabela.moljf@hotmail.com (isabela.moljf@hotmail.com) on 2017-05-15T12:53:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ismaeldevasconcelosferreira.pdf: 1382055 bytes, checksum: 292adae6ccd8a8d0acee1cb06fb4085d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-05-17T15:58:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ismaeldevasconcelosferreira.pdf: 1382055 bytes, checksum: 292adae6ccd8a8d0acee1cb06fb4085d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-17T15:58:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ismaeldevasconcelosferreira.pdf: 1382055 bytes, checksum: 292adae6ccd8a8d0acee1cb06fb4085d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-21 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A presente pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar e discutir as mudanças que vêm ocorrendo na concepção de escatologia das Assembleias de Deus, estudadas a partir do Congresso Internacional de Missões dos Gideões Missionários da Última Hora. Para tanto, busca-se compreender a escatologia que rege a referida denominação a partir dos seus escritos doutrinários que permitem estabelecer um modelo bem próximo àquele que caracterizava o pentecostalismo clássico. Este modelo é descrito pela forma como os pentecostais se relacionavam com o mundo, adotando um caráter ascético e sectário promovido pelo anseio que tinham em viver o tempo futuro, considerando que somente a parusia traria o conforto imediato e definitivo ante as idiossincrasias do mundo hodierno. Da análise do congresso já referido, nota-se que, mesmo corroborando com pontos considerados essenciais ao pentecostalismo clássico, há um misto de novas convicções que são emanadas a partir das pregações proferidas no evento. Estas convicções estão mais afeitas a outro modelo de pentecostalismo que valoriza aspectos contrários a este, como a teologia da prosperidade, o pragmatismo, o imediatismo e o antropocentrismo, características que são do que se conhece atualmente como neopentecostalismo. À medida que se constatam essas ênfases em um ambiente que representa o pentecostalismo clássico, percebem-se conflitos que vão de encontro à teologia pentecostal, notadamente à sua escatologia, justificando assim o título desta dissertação: neopentecostalização do pentecostalismo clássico. / The aim of this research is to analyze and discuss the changes taking place in the Assemblies of God‟s conception of eschatology, studied according to the International Congress of the Missionary Gideons of the Latter Hour. For such, we seek to comprehend the eschatology that rules the aforementioned denomination from its doctrinal writings, which allow to establish a model very close to the classical Pentecostalism. This model is described according to the way Pentecostals interact with the world, adopting an ascetic and sectarian ethos promoted by the hope they had to live the future time, considering that only parousia would bring definitive and immediate comfort facing the idiosyncrasies of the modern world. From the analysis of the Congress it is remarkable that, even corroborating some points considered essential to classical Pentecostalism, there is a mix of new convictions coming from the sermons delivered at the event. These convictions are closer to another model of Pentecostalism, the one that values aspects such as the prosperity theology, the pragmatism, the immediatism and the anthropocentrism, features of what is currently known in Brazil as Neopentecostalism. Once these features are found in an atmosphere that represents the classical Pentecostalism, one can notice some conflicts in relation to Pentecostal theology, especially regarding its eschatology, and therefore justifying the title of this Master thesis: the neopentecostalization of classical Pentecostalism.

In this thesis I compare the views of Joseph de Maistre and Fyodor Dostoyevsky with regard to the relation between modernity and the theologico-political problem. I integrate this comparison within the general context of the reflection concerning modernity and the theologico-political problem, as well as within the context of two Christian theological traditions, Catholic and Orthodox, on the basis of which the two authors develop their religious and political thought. In particular, I analyze the views of the two authors with regard to the origins and the defining traits of modernity. Likewise, I present their opinions concerning the consequences which are inherent in the modern project. Viewing modernity first and foremost as an attempt to build a secular world that would define itself by its opposition to what both authors regard as authentic Christianity, Maistre and Dostoyevsky emphasize the fact that, having theological origins that mark the totality of its becoming, modernity should be understood on the basis of a theologico-political reflection. Associating the modern ambition to build a secular world with the fate of the biblical Tower of Babel, both authors adopt a prophetic posture, announcing the collapse of the modern project as well as the ultimate eschatological resolution of the modern crisis. Yet, the two authors are differentiated by their interpretations of the relation between modernity and the theologico-political problem, identifying differently the theological origins of the modern crisis. In this sense, while according to Maistre modernity originates in the Protestant Reformation, for Dostoyevsky, modernity’s origins must be located in the transformations of Western Christianity that have finally lead to the latter’s separation from Eastern Orthodoxy. These differences of interpretation lead to the articulation of two different responses to the modern crisis, which are rooted in two different Christian theological traditions. Consequently, if in reaction to the modern crisis Maistre affirms the Catholic principle of authority, whose highest expression is the concept of papal infallibility, Dostoyevsky opposes to this crisis the Orthodox principle of brotherhood in Christ. The critique of modernity culminates in the thought of the two authors with an approach of the complex and troubling problem of theodicy, which, Maistre and Dostoyevsky believe, stands at the origin of the modern opposition to Christianity and its traditional institutions.

Dans notre société où la mort est taboue, où le deuil doit être vécu en cachette et le sujet évité dans les sphères publiques, deux sphères ont cependant le loisir de l’aborder de manière attendue : la religion et l’art. L’art qui a retenu mon attention est le jeu vidéo pour sa capacité à mettre le joueur au contrôle de sa mort. Chaque œuvre vidéoludique présente un univers différent et chacune traitera différemment le joueur lorsqu’il échoue à une tâche. En m’intéressant à ces punitions et aux morts numériques qui en découlent, je traite de l’imaginaire mythique auquel est confronté le joueur en jouant à des jeux vidéo. Ce mémoire se découpe en quatre chapitres. Le premier chapitre pose les thématiques et les concepts opératoires de la recherche. Une première section porte sur le jeu, puis plus spécifiquement sur le jeu vidéo. Une fois les définitions posées, je me suis intéressé à la possibilité du jeu à influencer le joueur. Dans une deuxième section, j’aborde la mort ainsi que les discours sur celle-ci (eschatologiques) et je commence à l’associer avec le jeu vidéo. Dans le deuxième chapitre, j’aborde la problématique, à savoir que si la plupart des arts présentent une mort définitive, le joueur ne peut mourir dans le jeu vidéo. Cette problématique s’articule autour de la notion de l’évolution et de l’atteinte de l’immortalité. Le troisième chapitre présente mon cadre théorique et ma méthodologie. J’explique la formation de mon corpus de jeux vidéo et j’explique comment il a été analysé. Le jeu vidéo est appréhendé comme un récit mythique capable de nous informer sur les mystères de la mort. Dans ce contexte, j’utilise la mythanalyse développée par Gilbert Durand pour déterminer dans chacun des jeux le rapport entre le joueur et la mort. Le dernier chapitre présente mes résultats en regroupant les jeux par types. Je présente le rapport entre le joueur et la mort dans chacun des types ainsi que dans les jeux présentant un rapport unique à la mort. / In our society where death is a taboo, where mourning must be lived in secret and the topic avoided in public spheres, two spheres have the leisure to approach it without difficulty: religion and art. The art that caught my attention is the video game for its ability to put the player in control of his death. Each video game presents a different universe, and each will treat the player differently when he fails a task. By taking an interest in these punishments and the digital deaths that ensue, I examine the mythical imaginary that the gamer faces while playing video games. This thesis is divided into four chapters. The first chapter sets out the themes and concepts of my research. The first section deals with games, then more specifically with video games. I then address the ways by which the game can influence the player. In a second section, I discuss death and the discourses on it (eschatological) and I begin to associate it with video games. In the second chapter, I develop my problematic, namely that if most of the arts present a final death, the player cannot truly die in video games. This issue is woven around the notion of evolution and the attainment of immortality. The third chapter presents my theoretical framework and my methodology. I explain the formation of my video game corpus and explain how it was analyzed. The video game is understood as a mythical story capable of informing us about the mysteries of death. In this context, I use the mythanalysis developed by Gilbert Durand to determine in each game the relationship between the player and death. The last chapter presents my results by grouping the games by type. I present the relationship between player and death in each of the types, as well as in the games with a unique relationship to death.

[pt] O objeto central desta Tese Doutoral é a questão da atividade profética cristã no livro do Apocalipse, com a finalidade de propor, através da análise literária de Ap 10,1-11, uma possível descrição do profeta cristão e das características do seu lugar sócio-eclesial no Apocalipse de São João. Parece existir, até certo momento histórico, no interior da eclesialidade cristã primitiva uma figura individual ou grupal, denominada profh,thj, com sua silhueta, função e autoridade próprias, diversas do profeta clássico veterotestamentário, conhecido inclusive no N.T, através da figura de João Batista. Duas premissas estão inter-relacionadas: a hipótese de uma adequada abordagem sócio-literária, sem que isso signifique o mero uso dos resultados empíricos da sociologia da religião aplicados a textos bíblicos neotestamentários; e, ao mesmo tempo, a hipótese plausível do acesso à realidade contextual destes membros da comunidade denominados nos textos do Apocalipse como profetas. A nossa tese não só abordará a questão, na sua pertinência bíblico- exegética, mas incluirá também a discussão acerca da atualidade desta temática. Por que falarmos ou nos interessarmos por estes profetas, encerrados, como tantas outras formas, nos antigos textos cristãos? Que fenômenos contemporâneos, eclesiais ou não, estão exigindo uma reavaliação desta questão. / [en] The central object of this Doctoral thesis lies in the issue of the Christian prophetic activities in the book of Revelation. It aims to propose a probable description of the Christian prophet as well as the characteristics of his socialecclesiastic place as such, by means of the literary analysis of Rev 10, 1-11. There seems to be, up to a certain historical moment, within the primitive Christian ecclesiasticism an individual or group figure named profh,thj, who had a silhouette, a function and an authority of his own, diverse from the classic Old Testament prophet. This latter known in the New Testament for the figure of John the Baptist. Two premises stand inter-related: the hypothesis of a proper socio-literary approach, that does not mean a mere use of the empirical results of sociology of religion to the New Testament; and, alongside it, the reasonable hypothesis of the access to the contextual reality by the members of the community so called prophets in the texts of the Revelation. Our thesis not only approaches the biblical-exegetic relevance of the issue, but also includes its present discussion. Why do we talk or matter about these prophets that are summed up to the ancient Christian texts like so many other forms? Which contemporary phenomena, ecclesiastic or not, demand a re- evaluation of such issue?

In view of the complexity characterizing the contemporary discipline of academic theology, there is a need for functional models. Against the background of significant developments in twentieth-century theology, this thesis attempts to develop an analytical model which can make sense of some of the complexity characterizing this field. More specifically, the aim is to produce a model which can be used to distinguish between and relate different theological positions to each other at a meta-level. This is achieved through the elaboration of a two-dimensional typology composed of four quadrants representing distinct theological orientations. The proposed model and its analytical categories form the basis for a discussion of some key figures and themes in modern theology, with a particular emphasis on eschatologically oriented theologies. Finally, on the basis of preceding discussions, a case is made for theology’s ability to fulfill a vital cultural-critical role in a secular context.

The Christian concept of hope is often criticised for the asceticism, renouncement, and passiveness in expecting the arrival of God's kingdom in "future time". On the contrary, the eschatology of Nikolai Berdyaev in Christian philosophy speaks about the necessary transformation of the world by the human itself, determining the arrival of God's kingdom. The aim of this thesis is to analyse the concept of hope related to the world, which is currently estranged and objectified. This approach is further looked upon in the context of similarly eschatologically-orientated Ernst Bloch's Philosophy of hope, Jürgen Moltmann's Theology of hope, and Johann Baptist Metz's Political theology. The thesis aims to evaluate the extent of the transferability of Berdyaev's thinking into current debates about the Christian philosophy of hope. Keywords: Christian philosophy, Personalism, Philosophy of hope, Philosophy of history, Christian eschatology, Political theology