TITLE: The Transfer of German speaking communities from the village Lučany nad Nisou AUTHOR: Bc. Tereza Buriánková DEPARTMENT: Institute of Czech history SUPERVISOR: PhDr. Jan Randák, Ph.D. ABSTRACT: This diploma thesis is dealing with the expulsion of German speaking citizens from Lučany nad Nisou municipality after the year 1945. It focuses not only on mapping the expulsion process, the various stages and legislation that allowed it, but also on possible conflict of nationalities and acts of individual or group violence. Last part provides an outlook on the issue of certain contemporary stereotypes and describes the co-existence of Czech and German communities with newcomers as well as with original inhabitants. The thesis research is based mainly on archive documents of central and local provenance, secondary literature and contemporary press. KEYWORDS: Transfer, displacement, expulsion, Czech German, Transfer of German, Germany, Lučany nad Nisou, German speaking communities, individual and collective violence

This explorative qualitative research investigates whether there is a difference in the symbolic meanings between the bulimic’s behaviour of purposefully expelling food versus the anorexic’s deprivation of food by administering the Thematic Apperceptive Test, as well as, conducting in-depth, semi-structured individual interviews with two bulimic women, two anorexic women of the restrictive sub-type and one anorexic woman of the binge-eating/ purging sub-type, whose ages ranged from twenty-one to thirty-five years of age. Both the conscious and unconscious themes that emerge from their stated relationship with food and their TAT responses are explored, with particular interest being focused on whether the symbolic meaning of food is in essence a “symbolic equation” for an object, specifically the mother and parental couple. The concept of “symbolic equation” is explored analytically from a Kleinian perspective to ascertain whether it is not food, per se that the anorexic is depriving herself of or that the bulimic suddenly and uncontrollably ingests, but then rapidly and violently expels. On the contrary, it appears that the refusal to introject or the ambivalent battle between introjection and expulsion of food is used as a disguise for the underlying conflictual object relation/s. The modified version of the Bellak Scoring System (1986) was used to analyse their TAT responses in order to elicit the themes that represent their internal worlds and object relations. Individual thematic content analysis was conducted on each interview transcript separately, and then a comparative analysis performed to explore commonalities and differences across the transcripts and TAT responses amongst the three anorexic women as a group and the bulimic women as a separate group. After which, the two different eating disorder groups were compared to explore both their differences and similarities. The findings suggest that a variety of conscious and unconscious motives might best be understood within the historical context of each participant’s early development and family dynamics. It appears that the anorexic is unconsciously motivated, at least partly, by her desire to repudiate any experience of dependency, separateness, loss, frustration, envy, fear, guilt and helplessness. Conversely, the bulimic appears to be motivated, at least partly, by the repetitive magical quest to restore a ‘good’ self-object bond and to stifle her destructiveness. Nonetheless, underlying both the anorexic’s and the bulimic’s illness is an ambivalent struggle with internalising a gainful and durable link to an object, which can in some way be permitted to be ‘good’. This appears to have its origin in the mother-daughter relationship, father-daughter relationship, parental couple, as well as, the triangular space between the mother-daughter-father link. / Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Psychology / unrestricted

L'expulsion – ou déportation –, avant la prison moderne, était la punition de prédilection ; ce châtiment avait l'avantage de permettre l'exclusion définitive de l'individu déviant sans avoir à s'occuper de la personne. Cette peine réapparait comme une nouvelle stratégie de contrôle social et de gestion des populations excédentaires à niveau mondial, et tout particulièrement de la population étrangère dans les pays développés. Le modèle français d’expulsion des étrangers se présente comme un système « hygiénique » et ordonné, symbolisé par les centres de rétention administrative. Une enquête de terrain, réalisée durant six mois dans deux centres de rétention administrative, nous a permis d’examiner la problématique à partir d’une approche empirique inductive, étudiant les caractéristiques et les modes de fonctionnement des instruments spécifiques déployés, pour comprendre l’impact des pratiques et des politiques de contrôle migratoire sur les individus concernés et sur la construction de la société française. Nous analysons également le retour forcé comme une extension du système pénal dont les objectifs formels dépassent l’expulsion effective et qui cherche à établir un mécanisme de contrôle et de gestion de la population migrante en général. / Expulsion or deportation constituted a privileged punishment prior to the modern prison, whose advantage was the definite exclusion of the individual without having to deal with his body. This punishment reappears as a new strategy of social control and of surplus world population management, particularly regarding foreigners in developed countries. The French model of expulsion of foreigners was based on an administrative device presented as a hygienic and tidy system, symbolized by the administrative retention centers. By means of a six-month-ethnographic study carried out at two retention centers near Paris, we analyze this topic with an empirical inductive approach, in which the characteristics and functioning of the displayed instruments are studied, mainly, the confinement of foreigners in administrative retention centers, so as to understand the impact of migratory control practices and policies on both the individuals and on the construction of the French society. In addition, we analyze forced return as an extension of the penal system whose informal objectives transcend effective deportation and aim to establish a device for the control of the migrant population in general.

As a result of the development of visual media and the related tendency in social sciences described as "pictorial turn", many disciplines have incorporated in the field of their research also the study of phenomena that used to stay out of their attention. In sociology, this tendency resulted in the emergence of a new sub-discipline, referred to as sociology of the image or visual sociology. The subject of this dissertation falls within this sub-field: the attention is focused on movies, which today stand as a powerful media of cultural memory. The main goal of this project is to describe the specific practices of cultural remembering following from the nature of the film medium, and to explore the significance of the film as a source of sociological cognition. In the first part, film is recognized as a cultural/social phenomenon, which shouldn't be understood only as a product of individual authors, as there are many institutions and other subjects (which together form a cinematographic field) who also contribute to the making of a film by defining its possibilities and thus influence the way how particular events are represented. The second part of the work presents different theoretical approaches that map the nature of relation between film representation and reality - they describe the...

Academic paper "An Image of the Years 1948, 1953 and 1968 on Pages of the Karlovy Vary Press" analyses specific articles from newspapers that were published in Karlovy Vary. In 1948 it was newpaper called Budovatel - List Čs. sociální demokracie and Jednota - List pracujících hraničářů. In 1953 we follow newspaper Stráž míru and Karlovarský kraj. We selected several articles which we analysed and described in detail from the perspective of content and thematic focus. We are looking for answers to the questions we have established in the theoretical part. In 1948, we look for references in the texts, for example, to the expulsion of the Germans from Czechoslovakia; new settlement within the areas Germans left, or we look for references to the communist coup in February 1948. In articles from 1953, we follow the information about the deaths of J. V. Stalin and Klement Gottwald. We also look for references about monetary reform in the texts. The work aims to approach the historical environment of the Karlovy Vary region from the perspective of the above-mentioned newspapers.

The thesis deals with the topic of landscape memory, especially with the historical landscape structures present in the landscape of borderland during the post-war expulsion of its inhabitants. These are material reminders of the past, the former settlement and land use and in some cases can still serve an ecological function, have aesthetic, educational or historical value or the value of a landscape symbol. The aim of the thesis is to find, document, evaluate, research the state and discuss the significance and use of historical landscape structures from this period. In the research part, the work deals with the problematics of changes in the landscape, its memory and historical landscape structures in the context of the post-war expulsion of its inhabitants. In the practical part, the author documents the occurrence of landscape structures at the time of expulsion using historical aerial photographs and the current orthophoto, digital model of relief 5G and field research using the software QField. Historical landscape structures are categorized based on the criteria of preservation and use and the most significant ones are selected. The importance of the elements of the lost landscape in general and the significance and use of the best preserved is consulted with the mayors of the relevant...

Depuis 1999, l'oeuvre sociale « Solidarité fwontalye » (SF) du Service Jésuite des Réfugiés (SJR) met sur pied un programme d'accueil et d'accompagnement des Haïtiens expulsés de la République Dominicaine. Le but de l'oeuvre est, non seulement, d'accueillir et d'accompagner mais aussi de servir et de défendre les expulsés. SF s'emploie à les aider à sortir d'une situation inacceptable de rejet et de mépris. Ce constat m'a amené à étudier la pratique de l'oeuvre, à comprendre sa portée sur la vie des expulsés dans la dynamique du développement intégral proposé par Paul VI. Conduite suivant la méthode de l'observation participante, cette thèse présente, d'une part, la pratique de SF auprès des expulsés comme leur mise en route vers leur nécessaire développement intégral. Elle montre, d'autre part, que le premier devoir de l'homme est d'être pleinement homme : être un sujet libre et responsable qui s'efforce de maîtriser son destin, sans attendre que les autres pensent et agissent à sa place. C'est la vocation de l'homme créé par Dieu dont la tâche est de transformer son milieu (cf. Gaudium et Spes, n° 9). Dieu passant à travers les médiations humaines, les Haïtiens expulsés deviendront eux-mêmes des agents multiplicateurs pour aider d'autres concitoyens à transformer leur milieu et à accéder à des conditions de vie dignes d'êtres humains créés à l'image et à la ressemblance de Dieu (cf. Gn 1, 27-28).

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[pt] A presente dissertação tem como objetivo analisar o processo de expulsão do italiano Vincenzo Vacirca, jornalista e militante socialista que veio para o Brasil no final de 1907, ano da sanção da lei de expulsão de estrangeiros. Enviado pelo Partido Socialista Italiano para assumir a direção do jornal Avanti!, sua missão envolvia a denúncia da situação dos migrantes italianos em São Paulo e a organização dos operários na sua luta por direitos. Em julho de 1908, Vacirca foi acusado de ser elemento pernicioso e perturbador da ordem pública, sendo expulso do país apenas sete meses após a sua chegada. A lei de expulsão de estrangeiros foi objeto de análise de diferentes produções historiográficas que buscaram compreender a repressão policial do anarquismo, da criminalidade e do proxenetismo na Primeira República. Menos atenção receberam seus usos para a vigilância da imprensa e a coação do jornalismo dissidente. Vacirca não foi enquadrado como estrangeiro indesejável apenas pela sua atuação em comícios e greves, mas sobretudo pela influência que passou a ter como diretor do jornal e pelas suas matérias sobre as condições de vida dos trabalhadores rurais e urbanos no Brasil. A partir do material da imprensa operária, da cobertura do caso nos grandes jornais de São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro, da documentação policial do processo de expulsão e do pedido de habeas corpus, esta dissertação busca compreender as disputas jurídicas e políticas em torno aos usos da lei de expulsão de estrangeiros como mecanismo de restrição da liberdade de imprensa garantida pela Constituição de 1891. / [en] This Master dissertation analyzes the expulsion process of the italian Vincenzo Vacirca, journalist and socialist militant who came to Brazil at the end of 1907 when the law that regulated expulsion of foreigners was sanctioned. Sent by the Italian Socialist Party to take over the of the Avanti! Newspaper, his mission involved denouncing the situation of Italian migrants in Sao Paulo and organizing the workers in their struggle for rights. In July 1908, Vacirca was accused of being a pernicious element and disturbing public order, being expelled from the country just seven months after his arrival. The expulsion of foreigners law was the object of analysis of different historiographical productions that sought to understand the police repression of anarchism, crime and pimping in the First Brazilian Republic. Less attention has been paid to its use for press surveillance and coercion of dissenting journalism. Vacirca was not classified as an undesirable foreigner only for his performance in rallies and strikes, but above all for his influence as director of the newspaper and for his articles on the living conditions of rural and urban workers in Brazil. Through data from the worker s press, coverage from the major newspapers of Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, as well as police documentation of the expulsion process and habeas corpus request, this dissertation seeks to understand the legal and political disputes regarding the uses of the law of expulsion of foreigners as a means of restricting press freedom guaranteed by the 1891 Constitution.

La France a mis en place en juillet 2015 une réforme en vue de transposer le nouveau « paquet asile » européen alors que le Canada a renforcé depuis décembre 2012 ses procédures d’asile en adoptant des changements ayant essentiellement pour objet de lutter contre les abus du système d’asile canadien. En s’orientant vers des politiques dissimulées visant les expulsions expéditives des demandeurs d’asile déboutés et des personnes indignes de la protection, la France et le Canada, connus en tant que terre d’asile, respectent-ils toujours leur obligation international du non-refoulement ? Cette thèse s’appuie sur les lois en vigueur des deux États notamment le Code de l’entrée et du séjour des étrangers et du droit d’asile (France) et la Loi sur l’immigration et la protection des réfugiés (Canada), les jurisprudences nationales et internationales, et les textes internationaux. Elle met en lumière les pratiques et législations nationales relatives à l’octroi de l’asile et à l’éloignement des demandeurs d’asile et des réfugiés qui peuvent ou pourraient porter atteinte au principe de non-refoulement, tel que consacré par le droit international des réfugiés ainsi que par le droit international des droits de l’homme / In July 2015, France adopted an asylum reform bill in order to transpose the EU asylum legislative package. In comparison, Canada has, since 2012, strengthened its national asylum procedures by introducing a number of changes with the objective of preventing the abuse of Canada’s inland refugee determination system. In moving towards hidden policies aimed at the efficiency of removals of failed refugee claimants and persons unworthy of international protection, are France and Canada, known as safe havens, respecting their international obligations of Non-Refoulement ? This thesis focuses on the laws in force in both States in particular the Code of the Entry and Stay of Foreigners and Asylum Law (France) and the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act (Canada), national and international jurisprudence, and other relevant international documents. The present study aims at highlighting the national legislations and practices relating to the grant of asylum and the expulsion of asylum seekers and refugees which violate or could violate the Principle of Non-Refoulement as enshrined in both International Refugee Law and International Human Rights Law