La présente thèse vise à étudier deux différentes modalités de contestation de l'imaginaire dominant, à travers l'analyse des actions directes du mouvement FEMEN et des performances issues de la démarche post-porn. Ces deux démarches contestataires mettent en exergue et questionnent, chacune à leur manière, la sexualisation des corps, inhérente à certains schèmes de l'imaginaire dominant : les FEMEN la refusent ; la démarche post-porn propose d'autres façons de sexualiser les corps. Une comparaison approfondie de modes d'action des FEMEN et des acteur-ice-s de la scène post-porn implique de s'intéresser à deux façons différentes de retravailler les imaginaires sexuels dominants et de re-signifier les corps féminins, trans et/ou non hétérosexuels. A partir de la sexualisation des corps, je montre comment le regard sur les corps est verrouillé, structuré par un imaginaire traversé par les rapports de pouvoir : il y a des façons hégémoniques de raconter les corps des dominant.e.s et des dominé.e.s. En essaimant dans le monde social, les scripts corporels, ces fictions forgées par les logiques de domination, structurent le regard sur les corps, les pratiques corporelles et les interactions sociales. Mais ce verrouillage du regard contient en lui-même les conditions de son déverrouillage. Ce sont des modalités de ce déverrouillage qui seront interrogées, à travers les actions des FEMEN et des activistes post-porn. Proposer des narrations alternatives de corps déverrouille-t-il le regard sur les corps ? Quel rapport ces démarches contestataires entretiennent-elles aux fictions hégémoniques ? / This thesis aims to study two different approaches which dissent from the dominant imaginary, through the analysis of the FEMEN movement’s direct actions and performances derived from the post-porn approach. Both dissenting approaches highlight and question, each in their own way, the sexualization of bodies, which is inherent to certain schema of the dominant imaginary: the FEMEN movement refuses it, while the post-porn approach offers other ways of sexualizing the body. An in-depth comparison of FEMEN's modes of action with those of the actors and actresses of the post-porn scene entails engagement with two different ways of re-working the notion of dominant sexual imaginaries, and also the re-signification of trans and/or non-heterosexual female bodies. Starting from the sexualization of bodies, I show how the way we look at bodies is locked in, structured by an imaginary shaped by power relationships: there are hegemonic ways to narrate the bodies of the dominant and the dominated. By disseminating themselves into the social world, corporal scripts – these fictions created through logics of domination – shape the way we look at bodies, corporal practices and social interactions. However, this locking in of the gaze contains in itself the conditions of its own unlocking. These modes of unlocking will be questioned through the prism of actions by FEMEN and post-porn activists. Does suggesting alternative body narrations unlock the gaze brought to bear on the body? What relation do these dissenting approaches have with hegemonic fictions?

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[ES] El mito es un tipo de narración tradicional que ha sido empleada en todas las culturas desde hace milenios. Es un tipo de relato que, lejos de agotarse, siempre se reinventa y reinterpreta hacia delante. La metodología propuesta permite plantear interrogantes desde la práctica artística personal para, a continuación, deducir una serie de rasgos que hacen que el mito sea de interés para aquellas prácticas artísticas actuales que investigan acción y movimiento. Uno de los objetivos fundamentales de la tesis es comprobar si el mito es un tipo de narración que en el arte actual permite relacionar la tradición con el presente, es decir, vincular la cultura que hemos heredado con las problemáticas de hoy, con los miedos y vulnerabilidades de la sociedad, así como subrayar los cismas que hay que superar. Para entender cómo la mitología se inserta en el arte contemporáneo, la estructura del documento es conceptual, pues organiza tres categorías de la acción en tres tiempos metafóricos: relaciona la autorrepresentación con el pasado, la activación con el presente y la partitura escultórica con el futuro. En esta investigación teórico-práctica se analizan conceptos procedentes de la filosofía, la narratología, mitología, antropología o teoría feminista, y también obras de referentes artísticos. La observación de estas teorías y estrategias que se relacionan con la práctica artística personal, permiten extraer conclusiones. En definitiva, el presente estudio investiga autorrepresentación, activación y partitura escultórica como categorías que en el contexto del arte contemporáneo resignifican la capacidad emancipadora del mito con respecto al orden imperante. / [CA] El mite és un tipus de narració tradicional que ha sigut emprada en totes les cultures des de fa mil·lennis. És un tipus de relat que, lluny d'esgotar-se, sempre es reinventa i reinterpreta cap avant. La metodologia proposada permet plantejar interrogants des de la pràctica artística personal per a, a continuació, deduir una sèrie de trets que fan que el mite siga d'interès per a aquelles pràctiques artístiques actuals que investiguen acció i moviment. Un dels objectius fonamentals de la tesi és comprovar si el mite és un tipus de narració que en l'art actual permet relacionar la tradició amb el present, és a dir, vincular la cultura que hem heretat amb les problemàtiques d'avui, amb les pors i vulnerabilitats de la societat, així com subratllar els cismes que cal superar. Per a entendre com la mitologia s'insereix en l'art contemporani, l'estructura del document és conceptual, perquè organitza tres categories de l'acció en tres temps metafòrics: relaciona l'autorepresentació amb el passat, l'activació amb el present i la partitura escultòrica amb el futur. En aquesta investigació teoricopràctica s'analitzen conceptes procedents de la filosofia, la narratologia, mitologia, antropologia o teoria feminista, i també obres de referents artístics. L'observació d'aquestes teories i estratègies que es relacionen amb la pràctica artística personal, permeten extraure conclusions. En definitiva, el present estudi investiga autorepresentació, activació i partitura escultòrica com a categories que en el context de l'art contemporani resignifiquen la capacitat emancipadora del mite respecte a l'ordre imperant. / [EN] Myth is a type of traditional narrative that has been utilized in all cultures for millennia, always being reinvented and reinterpreted rather than exhausted. The proposed methodology enables us to pose questions arising from personal artistic practice and subsequently deduce a series of features that render myth relevant to contemporary artistic practices investigating action and movement. One of the fundamental objectives of the thesis is to verify if myth is a type of narrative that, in current art, allows us to relate tradition with the present; that is, to link the culture that we have inherited with today's problems, fears, and vulnerabilities of society, as well as to highlight the schisms that must be overcome. To understand how mythology is incorporated into contemporary art, the structure of the document is conceptual, organizing three categories of action across three metaphorical times: it relates self-representation to the past, activation to the present, and the sculptural score to the future. In this theoretical-practical research, concepts from philosophy, narratology, mythology, anthropology, or feminist theory are analyzed, along with works of artistic reference. Observing these theories and strategies related to personal artistic practice allows for drawing conclusions. In summary, the present study investigates self-representation, activation, and sculptural score as categories that, in the context of contemporary art, re-signify the emancipatory capacity of myth with respect to the prevailing order. / Boyano López Villalta, DC. (2024). Alegoría y sabotaje: investigación artística sobre la acción y el movimiento que vincula la tradición con el presente [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/207206

This study focuses on the conununication strategies of women principals in secondary schools. It highlights the role of conununication in management by examining the purpose of conununication, communication process, barriers to effective communication and the types of communication, which are verbal and nonverbal communication. The study, further highlights that communication in management may be affected by the differences in communication styles of women and men. It further shows that while differences in communicative styles can be attributed to many factors, socialisation into gender positions is a major factor that leads to gender communication differences. Though socialisation is one of the factors shaping communication of men and women, post-structuralists also argue that children who are socialised are not just passive recipients. During socialisation each person is active in taking up discourses through which she or he is shaped. The socialisation, starts at home, then to school and also the community. Children develop sex-appropriate speech in different communities. A single case study explored the conununication strategies of a woman principal in the Northern Province, South Africa. Reputational sampling was used for the selection of the participants and site. Data gathering was done by means of interviews [with the principal and six teachers], observation and document analysis. Findings suggest that a woman principal's communication is shaped by the context in which she is a woman, mother, wife, African, educational manager and as an individual with her own unique personality. Women managers in rural contexts experience cultural barriers to communication as women are not expected to talk much and should appear to know little in the presence of men. Women are also not supposed to conununicate non-verbally by keeping eye contact, using more space and using facial expression. In this study, a woman manager emerges as a good communicator who overcomes cultural barriers by even practicing what is not traditionally acceptable. The woman principal prefers personal encounters as channels of communication and as an African, she overcomes language barriers by using mother-tongue when speaking with staff and students. In general. this study found that the woman principal preferred human-oriented communication strategies, and endeavoured to conquer cultural barriers to communication. / Educational Leadership and Management / D.Ed. (Educational Management)

This study focuses on the conununication strategies of women principals in secondary schools. It highlights the role of conununication in management by examining the purpose of conununication, communication process, barriers to effective communication and the types of communication, which are verbal and nonverbal communication. The study, further highlights that communication in management may be affected by the differences in communication styles of women and men. It further shows that while differences in communicative styles can be attributed to many factors, socialisation into gender positions is a major factor that leads to gender communication differences. Though socialisation is one of the factors shaping communication of men and women, post-structuralists also argue that children who are socialised are not just passive recipients. During socialisation each person is active in taking up discourses through which she or he is shaped. The socialisation, starts at home, then to school and also the community. Children develop sex-appropriate speech in different communities. A single case study explored the conununication strategies of a woman principal in the Northern Province, South Africa. Reputational sampling was used for the selection of the participants and site. Data gathering was done by means of interviews [with the principal and six teachers], observation and document analysis. Findings suggest that a woman principal's communication is shaped by the context in which she is a woman, mother, wife, African, educational manager and as an individual with her own unique personality. Women managers in rural contexts experience cultural barriers to communication as women are not expected to talk much and should appear to know little in the presence of men. Women are also not supposed to conununicate non-verbally by keeping eye contact, using more space and using facial expression. In this study, a woman manager emerges as a good communicator who overcomes cultural barriers by even practicing what is not traditionally acceptable. The woman principal prefers personal encounters as channels of communication and as an African, she overcomes language barriers by using mother-tongue when speaking with staff and students. In general. this study found that the woman principal preferred human-oriented communication strategies, and endeavoured to conquer cultural barriers to communication. / Educational Leadership and Management / D.Ed. (Educational Management)

This thesis examines news representations of Canadian, American and Australian military personnel involved in military 'sex scandals'. I explore what the representations of military personnel involved in well-publicized sex scandals reveal about scripts of soldiering and militarized masculinities. Despite a history of systemic violence in the military, I ask how and why the systemic nature of militarized masculinities are able to remain invisible, driving representations to focus on the ‘bad’ behaviour of individuals? By engaging with feminist scholarship in International Relations, I present the longstanding culture of misogyny, racism, homophobia and ableism in the Canadian, American and Australian militaries, focusing on the ways in which militarized masculinities are guided by these violent structures, and fundamental to the military's creation of soldiers. My dissertation uses the tools of critical discourse analysis to unpack the ways blame is individualised in cases of sexual and racist violence involving military personnel, while the military’s ableism, rape culture and imperial militarized masculinities are commonly naturalized or celebrated without regard for how they are fundamentally violent. My thesis presents an intersectional feminist project that intervenes in emerging questions in the field of transnational disability studies, tracing how militarism, hegemonic militarized masculinities and imperial soldiering (re)produce categories of ability and disability.

Si l’intelligence artificielle subvertit nos sociétés à travers le monde, il est un élément qui reste inchangé : l’absence des femmes. Cette technologie, entendue d’ores et déjà comme la 4e révolution industrielle, prévaut à mesure que le technolibéralisme fît de cette innovation un fait social total. Ce continuum engendre un assentiment qui s’est imposé comme allant de soi, formalisé par une nécessité d’adaptation, malgré les conséquences philosophiques, anthropologiques, sociales et économiques que cette technologie induit. Il existe un autre domaine dont les effets sont tout aussi déterminants, la sphère juridique et le droit international en particulier. Les incidences du déploiement de l’intelligence artificielle à l’égard des droits fondamentaux des femmes seront donc appréhendées dans la perspective du droit international public en vertu des compétences attribuées aux Nations Unies. L’effacement des femmes et leur mise sous silence ont pour conséquence la violation du droit à la non-discrimination et du droit à l’égalité. Ces violations ont été étudiées dans trois domaines que sont l’éducation, le travail et la santé. Tout en considérant les instruments juridiques internationaux des droits des femmes, les risques impérieux que pose l’intelligence artificielle enjoignent à sortir des sentiers battus afin de proposer un cadre juridique international contraignant. Notre proposition prend en considération les incidences de l’intelligence artificielle, par l’entremise de deux leviers juridiques concomitants ex ante et ex post. La première sera la création d’une institution par les Nations Unies, qui travaillera en étroite collaboration avec une fondation portant sur l’intelligence artificielle, à l’instar de la Cloud Native Computing Foundation, privilégiant l’open source et l’open data afin d’atténuer les risques ex ante. La seconde théorise la création d’une convention-cadre internationale relative aux entreprises privées transnationales, suggérant la formalisation de protocoles contraignants à l’égard de l’industrie de l’intelligence artificielle afin de considérer les violations ex post. / As Artificial Intelligence subverts societies around the world, there is one element that remains unchanged: the absence of women. This technology, already perceived as the fourth Industrial Revolution, prevails as technoliberalism makes this innovation a “total social fact”. This continuum generates an assent that has become self-evident, formalized by a need for adaptation, despite the philosophical, anthropological, social, and economic consequences that this technology induces. There is another area whose effects are just as decisive for women's rights, the legal sphere and specifically international law. Consequently, we wanted to understand the impacts on the fundamental rights of women caused by Artificial Intelligence from the perspective of public international law. The erasure and silencing of women have resulted in the violation of their rights to non-discrimination and equality. We studied those violations in education, work, and health. While considering international legal instruments for women’s rights, the compelling risks posed by Artificial Intelligence pushed us to innovative thinking by proposing an international hard-law regulatory framework. Our proposal considers the impacts of Artificial Intelligence through two concomitant legal levers: ex-ante and ex-post. The first theorizes the creation of an organization by the United Nations which will collaborate closely with an AI foundation (similar to the Cloud Native Computing Foundation), preferring Open Source and Open Data to mitigate ex-ante risks. The second theorizes the creation of an international framework convention relating to transnational private companies, suggesting formalized binding protocols around the Artificial Intelligence industry to consider violations ex-post.