<p>We introduce a family of smooth functions which are &quot;less regu-lar&quot; than the Gevrey functions, and study its basic properties. In particular&nbsp;we prove the standard results concerning algebra property and stability under finite order derivation. Moreover, we &nbsp;construct infnite order operators&nbsp;which leads us to the definition of class with ultradifferentiable property. We&nbsp;also prove that our classes are inverse-closed, and this result is the essential&nbsp;part in the proof of our main result presented in the final Chapter. Moreover,&nbsp;using the techniques of microlocal analysis, we introduce and investigate the<br />corresponding wave front sets, and the prove the results related to singular&nbsp;support of a distribution. Our main results shows how the singularities of&nbsp;solutions to partial differential equations (PDE&#39;s in short) propagate in the&nbsp;framework of our regularity.</p> / <p>U ovoj tezi defini&scaron;emo novu klasu glatkih funkcija i izučavamo njihove osnovne osobine. Pokazujemo da na&scaron;e klase imaju svojsto algebre kao i da su zatvorene u odnosu na delovanje operatora izvoda konačnog reda.Sta vi&scaron;e, konstrui&scaron;emo diferencijalne operatore beskonačnog reda i to nas dovodi do definicije ultradiferencijabilnih klasa funkcija. Takode dokazujemo osobinu zatvorenosti u odnosu na inverze, i taj rezultat je najvažniji deo u dokazu glavne teoreme koja je formulisana u poslednjoj glavi. Koristeći tehnike mikrolokalne analize, uvodimo i izučavamo odgovarajuće talasne frontove, i pokazujemo odgovarajuća tvrdjenja vezana za singularni nosač distribucije. Na&scaron; glavni rezultat pokazuje kako se prostiru singulariteti re&scaron;enja linearnih parcijalnih diferencijalnih jednačina u okviru na&scaron;e regularnosti.</p>

Graphical User Interface, which is known as GUI, is a way for a person to communicate and interact with a system through icons or other visual indicators. A well designed and intuitive user interface is critical to the success of a system since it encourages a natural interaction between a user and a system, thus conveying information more clearly and efficiently to the user.The aim of this study is to design and develop a user interface that is used in a financial technology company in their credit risk assessment process. The current user interface contains a visualization of an individual credit assessment flow together with a lot of data that is generated in the process. Some of the data is not properly visualized, which leads to confusion among end users.In order to optimize the user experience, a user-centered design approach was used combined with a heuristic evaluation. A new user interface was designed and implemented and according to the heuristic evaluation result, the usability was greatly improved. The new interface is able to help the company to visualize their credit risk assessment process in a better way and facilitate credit officers to make credit decisions. The result could also provide insights to other companies or organizations in presenting their data more clearly and effectively. / Grafiskt användargränssnitt, som även kallas GUI, är ett sätt för en person att kommunicera och interagera med ett system genom ikoner eller andra visuella indikatorer. Ett väl utformat och intuitivt användargränssnitt är avgörande för framgången för ett system, eftersom det uppmuntrar till en naturlig interaktion mellan en användare och ett system och därmed förmedlar information tydligare och effektivare till användaren.Syftet med denna studie är att designa och utveckla ett användargränssnitt som används i ett finansiellt teknikföretag i deras kreditriskbedömningsprocess. Det nuvarande användargränssnittet innehåller en visualisering av ett individuellt kreditbedömningsflöde tillsammans med mycket data som genereras i processen. En del av data är inte korrekt visualiserade, vilket leder till förvirring bland slutanvändare.För att optimera användarupplevelsen användes en användarcentrerad designmetod i kombination med en heuristisk utvärdering. Ett nytt användargränssnitt designades och implementerades och enligt det heuristiska utvärderingsresultatet förbättrades användbarheten kraftigt. Det nya gränssnittet kan hjälpa företaget att visualisera sin kreditriskbedömningsprocess på ett bättre sätt och underlätta kreditansvariga att fatta kreditbeslut. Resultatet kan också ge andra företag eller organisationer insikter om att presentera sina uppgifter tydligare och mer effektivt.

Muslim culture and society has been a part of the Philippine islands in spite of nearly ninety-five percent of the population being Christian (a majority Catholic), yet did not become a separatist movement until the 1970's. Since then, the two main separatist groups the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) have been battling the Philippine government. The parties entered truces in 1996 and 2001, yet there has been a cycle of violence continues. The Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG), linked to Al Qaeda, emerged in 1990 and has launched many attacks on the Christian Philippine majority. The prolonged Muslim unrest in the ARMM has left thousands dead and hundreds of thousands displaced. The main objective of this research paper is to examine Philippine economic and political development and its impact on Philippine Muslim unrest. This paper presents a critical analysis of the economic and political development and Philippine Muslim unrest by examining six major features of the Philippines; they are: The historical evolution, economic development, political development, socio-cultural setting, geographic setting, and the quality of life of the Filipino people. This research also examines Fareed Zakaria's illiberal democracies theory, liberal institutionalism, and the Marxist theory of class revolution and primarily relies on research conducted at the University of the Philippines and from Philippine and Asian scholars. By taking a holistic comprehensive approach and by using international relations theory, this research fills two gaps in the literature about Philippine Muslim unrest. The research concludes with a look at future challenges, both short term and long term that face the country, as well as, possible future scenarios. The findings of this research are that the economic and political development and the historical evolution, though major contributory factors, are not the sole reason for the prolonged Philippine Muslim unrest. The most pervasive causal factor to Muslim unrest was the socio-cultural setting. Because of the all-pervasive nature of culture; at first glance, the socio-cultural setting was not a major apparent cause. At almost all times examined throughout this research, certain cultural tendencies guided decisions and altered the course of events more so than any other single variable. Corruption, crony capitalism, patrimonialism, and irrational institutions all stem from the tendencies of Philippine culture must be addressed to find lasting peace in the country. A move toward rational legal institutions and liberal constitutionalism, will lead the way to the creation of a liberal democracy and break the cycle of violence occurring in the Philippines.

User interfaces are a crucial point in the usage of products. A user interface is developed to make a product easy to use and understand while also presenting data, feedback and functionality to the user. In this thesis we present and explain the whole development process of a front end project. The Swedish company, Kemizares, was searching for a user interface for their finance module in their upcoming application. In this work we developed the user interface for such a module with regards to Kemizares’ functional requirements as well as the necessity that the user interface of the module could be integrated into the their application which already had an existing user interface. The solution to the problem began with a literature study in which we researched tools and programs we would use to develop the module as well as researching national and international requirements for invoices to identify necessary data to use in the finance module. Afterwards we set up a timeline with deadlines to guide us throughout the development. An agile iterative feedback method was used during the implementation of the module with Kemizares. The finance module was created and with the iterative feedback method we used during development we were able to ensure that Kemizares was satisfied with the product. However, due to limiting factors we were not able to finish the whole module and hence not able to fulfill all the requirements. The conclusion is that the module in its current state is not a viable solution for Kemizares since it was left undone but a good ground to continue from that has taken required financial data, functional requirements, and design compatibility with the rest of the application into consideration. / Användargränssnitt är en viktig punkt i användningen av produkter. Ett användar-gränssnitt är utvecklat för att göra en produkt enkel att använda och förstå samtidigt som den presenterar data, feedback och funktionalitet för användaren. I denna rapport presenterar och förklarar vi hela utvecklingsprocessen för ett frontend-projekt. Det svenska företaget Kemizares letade efter ett användargränssnitt för sin finansmodul i sin kommande applikation. I detta arbete utvecklade vi användargränssnittet för en sådan modul med avseende på Kemizares funktionella krav samt behovet av att modulens användargränssnitt kunde integreras i deras applikation som redan hade ett befintligt användargränssnitt. Lösningen på problemet började med en litteraturstudie där vi undersökte verktyg och program som vi skulle använda för att utveckla modulen samt undersökte nationella och internationella krav på fakturor för att identifiera nödvändiga data att använda i finansmodulen. Därefter satte vi upp en tidslinje med deadlines för att vägleda oss genom hela utvecklingen. En agil iterativ återkopplingsmetod användes under implementeringen av modulen med Kemizares. Finansmodulen skapades och med den iterativa återkopplingsmetoden som vi använde under utvecklingen kunde vi säkerställa att Kemizares var nöjd med produkten. Men på grund av begränsande faktorer kunde vi inte avsluta hela modulen och kunde därför inte uppfylla alla krav. Slutsatsen är att modulen i sitt nuvarande tillstånd inte är en lönsam lösning för Kemizares eftersom den lämnades ofärdig, men en bra grund att fortsätta från som har tagit hänsyn till nödvändiga ekonomiska data, funktionella krav och designkompatibilitet med resten av applikationen.

No description available.

Yes / This study aims to explore how marketers can use text mining to analyze actors, actions and performance effects of service encounters by building on the role theory. This enables hotel managers to use introduced methodology to measure and monitor frontline employees’ role behavior and optimize their service. Design/methodology/approach: The authors’ approach links text mining and importance-performance analysis with role theory’s conceptual foundations taking into account the hotel industry’s specifics to assess the effect of frontline hotel employees’ actions on consumer satisfaction and to derive specific management implications for the hospitality sector. Findings: This study identifies different actors involved in hotel frontline interactions revealing distinct role behaviors that characterize consumers’ perspectives of service encounters with different role types associated with front-office employees. This research also identifies role performance related to role behavior to improve service encounters. Practical implications: Customer–employee interactions can be assessed by user-generated contents (UGC). Performance evaluations relate to frontline employee roles associated with distinct role scripts, whereby different hotel segments require tailored role designs. Insights of this study can be used for service optimization, market positioning as well as for improving human resource management practices in the hotel industry. Originality/value: This study contributes to the service encounter literature by applying role theory in the text mining of UGC to assess frontline employees as actors and the effects of their actions on service quality delivery. / Science Foundation of Ministry of Education, PR China (Grant No. 21YJA630031)

Die Beschleunigung von Elektronen im Wechselwirkungsbereich hochintensiver Laserfelder mit einem Plasma wird als mögliche Alternative zu konventionellen Radiofrequenz basierten Beschleunigerkonzepten gehandelt. Die gezeigten Experimente sind die ersten Versuche zur Laser getriebenen Elektronenbeschleunigung am Max Born Institut. Im Rahmen dieser Dissertation konzentriere ich mich auf kontrollierte Injektion und es werden zwei verschiedene Methoden gezeigt. Die erste demonstrierte Variante einer stimulierten Injektion ist die Ionisationsinjektion, welche typischerweise zu einem kontinuierlichen Elektroneneinfang über einen ausgedehnten Bereich entlang der Propagation des Lasers führt. Die injizierten Elektronen werden dadurch über unterschiedliche Längen beschleunigt, was zu einem breiten Energiespektrum des beschleunigten Eletronenpaketes führt. Die zweite untersuchte Injektionsmethode basiert auf einem Überschallphänomen, welches eine quasi-instantane Injektion ermöglicht. Wird ein Überschall-Gasfluß durch eine scharfe Kante gestört, bildet sich ein scharfer Dichteübergang, bekannt als Schock Front, durch welchen eine Injektion stimuliert werden kann. Es wurde gezeigt, dass die Machzahl der Düse bzw. die Übergangshöhe der Schock Front dazu benutzt werden können, die injizierte Ladungsmenge zu kontrollieren. Eine Erhöhung der Ladungsmenge ist dabei mit einer Erhöhung der Energiebreite verknüpft. Es wurden Elektronenstrahlen demonstriert mit weniger als 2% Energiebreite bei einer Maximalenergie von 300MeV und 5 pC Ladung. Es zeigte sich, dass sowohl bei Shock-Front Injektion als auch bei Ionisationsinjektion die emittierte Ladung pro Energieintervall und Raumwinkel konstant blieb, bei einem Wert von (0.021+-0.001) pC/MeV/mrad^2. Dass sowohl eine kontinuierliche als auch eine instantane Injektion dieselbe Korrelation zwischen Ladung, Divergenz und Energiebreite aufweisen, lässt darauf schließen, dass es sich um eine Eigenschaft der Plasmawelle selbst handelt. / The acceleration of electrons in intense laser fields interacting with a plasma is widely considered as a possible alternative to conventional RF-based accelerator concepts. The presented measurements are the first demonstration of Laser Wakefield Acceleration at the Max Born Institut and a setup was build to perform the described experiments. This thesis focuses on controlled injection and two different methods will be compared. The first method of stimulated injection, presented in this thesis, is ionization injection, which typically causes electron trapping over an extended laser propagation distance. As electrons become injected at different positions, electrons will be accelerated over different distances, yielding a wide energy spread in the emitted electron beam. The second stimulated injection method utilizes a supersonic phenomenon called shock front to stimulate a quasi-instantaneous injection. When a supersonic gas flow is disturbed by a sharp edge, a shock front is created and injection is stimulated at the crossing of the propagating laser pulse and the shock-front region. It is found that the Mach number of the flow or the density transition in the shock front respectively, can be used to tune the total charge injected. This increase in total charge comes at the expense of an increased energy spread. Electron beams are demonstrated with an energy spread of less than 2% at peak energies of 300MeV with 5 pC of charge. For the ionization injection as well as for the shock-front injection it is found, that the charge per energy interval and solid angle is constant and amounts to (0.021+-0.001) pC/MeV/mrad^2 for all observed electron beams. The continuous injection and the quasi-instantaneous injection yield the same correlation between charge, divergence and energy spread. This implies that this correlation is a property of the wakefield structure itself.

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 22-25, 2001 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada / A traditional Front-end Processor (FEP) with local RAID storage can limit the operational throughput of a high-rate telemetry ground station. The Front-end processor must perform pass processing (frame synchronization, decoding, routing, and storage), post-pass processing (level-zero processing), and tape archiving. A typical fifteen minute high-rate satellite pass can produce data files of 10 to 20 GB. The FEP may require up to 2 hours to perform the post-pass processing and tape archiving functions for these size files. During this time, it is not available to support real-time pass operations. Honeywell faced this problem in the design of the data management system for the DataLynx ä* ground stations. Avtec Systems, Inc. and Honeywell worked together to develop a data management system that utilizes a Storage Area Network (SAN) in conjunction with multiple High-speed Front-end Processors (HSFEP) for Pass Processing (PFEP), multiple HSFEPs for Post-pass Processing (PPFEP), and a dedicated Tape Archive server. A SAN consists of a high-capacity, high-bandwidth shared RAID that is connected to multiple nodes using 1 Gbps Fibre Channel interfaces. All of the HSFEPs as well as the Tape Archive server have direct access to the shared RAID via a Fibre Channel network. The SAN supports simultaneous read/write transfers between the nodes at aggregate rates up to 120 Mbytes/sec. With the Storage Area Network approach, the High-Speed Front-end Processors can quickly transfer the data captured during a pass to the shared RAID for post-processing and tape archiving so that they are available to support another satellite pass. This paper will discuss the architecture of the Storage Area Network and how it optimizes ground station data management in a high-rate environment.

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 28-31, 1996 / Town and Country Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, California / Satellite Control Systems require a front-end component which performs real-time telemetry acquisition and command output. This paper will describe a fully networked, PC-based telemetry and command front-end which supports multiple streams and is based on Commercial Off The Shelf (COTS) technology. The front-end system is a gateway that accepts multiple telemetry streams and outputs time-tagged frame or packet data over a network to workstations in a distributed satellite control and analysis system. The system also includes a command gateway that accepts input from a command processor and outputs serial commands to the uplink. The front-end can be controlled locally or remotely via the network using Simple Network Management Protocol. Key elements of the front-end system are the Avtec MONARCH-E™ PCI-based CCSDS/TDM Telemetry Processor/Simulator board, a network-based, distributed computing architecture, and the Windows NT operating system. The PC-based telemetry and command gateway is useful throughout the lifecycle of a satellite system. During development, integration, and test, the front-end system can be used as a test tool in a distributed test environment. During operations, the system is installed at remote ground stations, with network links back to operations center(s) for telemetry and command processing and analysis.

L'Amazonie, dernière frontière du Brésil, a connu de profonds changements lors des dernières décennies du fait de son intégration progressive au reste du pays. Les relances successives des politiques gouvernementales de colonisation relayées par l'implantation des grandes filières productives se sont traduites par un recul important des activités extractivistes et un poids croissant de la région dans les secteurs agricoles et forestiers. L'Amazonie est aujourd'hui une région économiquement intégrée au reste du pays. En parallèle à ce phénomène d'expansion de la frontière agricole, les dernières décennies ont vu s'accroître les préoccupations environnementales liées notamment aux taux alarmants de déforestation en Amazonie. Cette prise de conscience croissante de la problématique environnementale a suscité des réformes dans les politiques publiques brésiliennes qui tentent de promouvoir la protection et l'utilisation durables des ressources forestières. Cependant, dans la pratique, ces politiques semblent peu efficaces, et malgré des menaces environnementales et des déséquilibres économiques et sociaux, les atteintes à l'environnement se multiplient et les déforestations n'ont jamais été aussi importantes. Au cours de cette thèse, nous nous intéressons à la gestion environnementale d'un front pionnier amazonien : la commune d'Uruará (Pará, Brésil). Notre étude se focalise, dans un premier temps, sur l'analyse du jeu d'environnement avec ses acteurs (colons, exploitants forestiers, acteurs institutionnels), ses règles et pratiques de gestion (transformation, utilisation et protection des ressources forestières). Nous avons démontré que l'utilisation des ressources forestières était très limitée et ne permettait pas un développement économique des colons. La forêt est encore considérée comme une réserve de fertilité à couper et brûler pour implanter des activités agricoles. La deuxième partie porte sur la modélisation des interactions entre les agriculteurs, principaux acteurs de la déforestation, et l'environnement. Ceci afin, de formaliser 15 ans de connaissances sur les dynamiques pionnières. Nous avons construit deux scénarios prospectifs pour tester l'impact de l'application de la loi environnementale sur les réserves forestières et la rétribution des services environnementaux. v La combinaison de méthodologies complémentaires (entrevue rétrospective, typologie et modélisation) nous a permis d'avoir une vision dynamique de la gestion environnementale. Cela nous a aussi permis de proposer, tester et discuter quelques mesures pouvant limiter les déforestations tout en stabilisant les colons sur la terre.