Abstract Radiographic oral and maxillofacial findings were recorded in a cohort of 293 home living elderly, in Helsinki, Finland, derived from a random sample of 8035 subjects, , born in 1904, 1909, and 1912, who participated in the Helsinki Ageing Study. They were 76, 81, and 86 years old at the commencement of the radiographic study. The relationships of potentially infectious findings with increased all-cause mortality over four years were studied. During the four-year follow-up, 18.5% of the subjects died. Of the 124 edentulous subjects, 17% had condylar findings, 13% radiopaque intraosseous findings, 9% retained roots, 6% maxillary sinus findings, 4% impacted teeth and 3% radiolucent findings. Edentulous women had more arthrotic condylar findings than men. The mean number of teeth in the 169 dentate subjects was 13.9, 15.5 in men and 13.2 in women. Carious teeth were found in 75%, radiolucent findings in 41%, teeth with vertical infrabony pockets in 51%, furcation lesions in 28%, calculus in 40%, and condylar findings in 25%. Periodontal attachment loss was slight in 18%, moderate in 31%, and advanced in 46%. 21% of the teeth had been endodontically treated. Periapical lesions were found in 17% of these teeth, and in 4% of the other teeth. 75% of the rootfillings were inadequate, exhibiting periapical lesions twice as often as the adequate ones. Men had more carious teeth, periapical lesions and furcation lesions than women, indicating better oral hygiene and/or utilisation of dental services in women. Compared with the previous studies carried out in Finland, slightly more teeth and less tooth-associated pathology were found in the present subjects. In contemporary Scandinavian studies, only a slightly better oral health status in the elderly has been reported. During the four-year follow-up, mortality was higher in the subjects with moderate to advanced infrabony pockets, OR 2.2, 1.0-4.7. In the previous studies, similar associations have been found in larger study cohorts including younger subjects. Our results indicate that oral foci may be more dangerous for the elderly than it has been previously thought, as the subjects who died had poorer dental health than those who survived.

O aumento da sobrevida e, conseqüentemente, o crescimento da população idosa fazem ressurgir nos dias de hoje a busca por uma vida com mais qualidade e saúde. Portanto, a manutenção do sistema estomatognático dos pacientes senescentes é de extrema importância, pois é através dele que o individuo se alimenta. Baseado nestes preceitos, é relevante analisarmos de que forma a condição bucal pode interferir na escolha dos alimentos, bem como no hábito alimentar do individuo e, trazer conseqüências ao seu estado nutricional e à sua saúde geral, justificando-se assim este estudo. Nesta pesquisa foi realizado concomitantemente um exame clinico, uma entrevista e a aplicação de um teste nutricional (Mini-Avaliação-Nutricional), a fim de se avaliar a condição bucal, a capacidade mastigatória e o risco de desnutrição. A amostra constituiu-se de 25 pacientes senescentes institucionalizados, de ambos os sexos, das raças branca e não-branca, com diferentes condições bucais, formando-se 4 grupos distintos: pacientes usuários de prótese total bimaxilar (Grupo 1 = 11 pacientes), pacientes usuários de pelo menos uma prótese total (Grupo 2 = 7 pacientes), pacientes dentados com no mínimo 10 dentes em cada arcada (Grupo 3 = 4 pacientes), e pacientes totalmente edêntulos não usuários de prótese (Grupo 4 = 3 pacientes). A maioria dos pacientes (77,78%) estava satisfeita quanto à retenção e estabilidade de suas próteses, independente do seu estado de conservação. A capacidade mastigatória mostrou-se satisfatória para a maioria dos pacientes usuários de PT (Grupos 1 e 2), sendo ainda satisfatória para o Grupo 3 e insatisfatória para o Grupo 4. Não houve uma associação estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos e o estado nutricional, porém pôde-se notar que o risco de desnutrição apresentou freqüências mais elevadas no Grupo 2. Os resultados indicaram que apesar das condições bucais encontradas, no geral, a maioria dos pacientes (64%) apresentavam-se bem nutridos, 36% apresentavam risco de desnutrição e, nenhum paciente apresentava-se desnutrido. Sugere-se que, estes resultados obtidos são conseqüência da dieta balanceada que esses pacientes possuíam na instituição de amparo. Portanto, percebe-se a importância de uma alimentação balanceada, de preferência orientada por um profissional especializado, especialmente para aqueles pacientes de ambulatórios e consultórios, que não se encontram em um local com dieta pré-estabelecida e, principalmente após uma reabilitação bucal, para que este paciente possa adequar sua dieta à sua nova condição bucal. Concluímos que um trabalho multidisciplinar é fundamental, para objetivar o bem estar físico, emocional, mental e social do individuo, especialmente do idoso. / As life expectancy increases, resulting in the growth of the aged population, there is renewed interest in the search for a life with more quality and health. Therefore, the maintenance of the stomatognathic system of elderly patients is of the extreme importance, since it is throug h this system that the individual is nourished. Based on these facts, it becomes relevant to analyze in what ways the buccal condition can influence the choice of foods as well as individual eating habits, nutritional state and general health, thereby justifying this study. In this research, a clinical examination together with a interview and a nutritional test (Mini Nutritional Assessment) were carried out to assess the buccal condition, the chewing ability and the risk of malnutrition. The sample consisted of 25 institutionalized elderly patients, of both genders, white and non-white, with different buccal conditions, forming four distinct groups: patients who have a bimaxillary complete denture (Group 1 = 11 patients), patients who have at least one complete denture (Group 2 = 7 patients), patients who have at least 10 teeth in each arch (Group 3 = 4 patients) and edentulous not using prosthesis (Group 4 = 3 patients). The majority of the patients (77,78%) were satisfied as to the retention and stability of their complete dentures, independent of the state of conservation. The majority of the patients of PT (Groups 1 and 2) revealed satisfaction in their chewing ability. In group 3, the level was still satisfactory, but unsatisfactory for Group 4. There was not a statistically significant association between the groups and their nutritional state. However, it could be noticed that the malnutrition risk presented higher frequencies in Group 2. The results indicated that independent of the found buccal conditions, the majority of the patients (64%) were found to be well-nourished, 36% presented a risk of malnutrition and no patient was found to be malnourished. These findings suggest that the results are due to the balanced diet that these patients received in the support institution. Therefore, the importance of a balanced diet, preferably guided by a specialized professional, is perceived, especially for those ambulatory patients that do not live in a place with a daily pre-established diet. This is especially true of patients who have undergone oral rehabilitation and need to adjust their diet to their new buccal condition. The conclusion is that a multidisciplinary treatment plan is essential in order to achieve the physical, emotional, mental and social well-being of each individual, especially those who are elderly.

<p><strong>Syftet</strong> med denna studie var att undersöka upplevelser av munhälsa hos äldre personer som var medlemmar i olika pensionärsföreningar samt jämföra om det fanns skillnader mellan män och kvinnor.</p><p><strong>Material och metod:</strong><em> </em>Studien har utförts som en kvantitativ tvärsnittsundersökning och data har samlats in hos olika pensionärsföreningar i nordöstra Skåne. En enkät lämnades ut till 202 pensionärer som deltog i studien.</p><p><strong>Resultat: </strong>De flesta var nöjda med sina tänder. Kvinnor (68 %) uppgav att de tuggade all sorts mat mycket bra i jämförelse med männen (45 %) (p=0, 006P() var stor skillnad istatis är). Det största problem som förekom hos pensionärerna var muntorrhet.</p><p><strong>Konklusion: </strong>De äldre som deltog i denna studie upplevde sin munhälsa positivt. Bland de problem som förekom var muntorrhet vanligast.</p><p> </p> / <p><strong>Aim:</strong> The aims of this study were to investigate the experiences of oral health in elderly individuals who were members in various pensioners' associations, and to compare if there were differences between men and women.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods</strong><em>: </em>The study was conducted as a quantitative cross-sectional survey in various pensioners' associations in north-eastern Skåne, Sweden. A questionnaire was handed out to 202 pensions who participated in the study.</p><p><strong>Result:</strong> Most of the elderly were satisfied with their teeth. Sixty eight percent of the women indicated that they could chew at all kinds of food very well as compared to 45 % of the men (p = 0. 006). The main oral health problem was dry mouth.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The<strong> </strong>elderly that participated in this study perceived their oral health as being good. A frequent complaint that occurred was dry mouth.</p><p> </p>

Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka upplevelser av munhälsa hos äldre personer som var medlemmar i olika pensionärsföreningar samt jämföra om det fanns skillnader mellan män och kvinnor. Material och metod: Studien har utförts som en kvantitativ tvärsnittsundersökning och data har samlats in hos olika pensionärsföreningar i nordöstra Skåne. En enkät lämnades ut till 202 pensionärer som deltog i studien. Resultat: De flesta var nöjda med sina tänder. Kvinnor (68 %) uppgav att de tuggade all sorts mat mycket bra i jämförelse med männen (45 %) (p=0, 006P() var stor skillnad istatis är). Det största problem som förekom hos pensionärerna var muntorrhet. Konklusion: De äldre som deltog i denna studie upplevde sin munhälsa positivt. Bland de problem som förekom var muntorrhet vanligast. / Aim: The aims of this study were to investigate the experiences of oral health in elderly individuals who were members in various pensioners' associations, and to compare if there were differences between men and women. Materials and methods: The study was conducted as a quantitative cross-sectional survey in various pensioners' associations in north-eastern Skåne, Sweden. A questionnaire was handed out to 202 pensions who participated in the study. Result: Most of the elderly were satisfied with their teeth. Sixty eight percent of the women indicated that they could chew at all kinds of food very well as compared to 45 % of the men (p = 0. 006). The main oral health problem was dry mouth. Conclusion: The elderly that participated in this study perceived their oral health as being good. A frequent complaint that occurred was dry mouth.

O aumento da sobrevida e, conseqüentemente, o crescimento da população idosa fazem ressurgir nos dias de hoje a busca por uma vida com mais qualidade e saúde. Portanto, a manutenção do sistema estomatognático dos pacientes senescentes é de extrema importância, pois é através dele que o individuo se alimenta. Baseado nestes preceitos, é relevante analisarmos de que forma a condição bucal pode interferir na escolha dos alimentos, bem como no hábito alimentar do individuo e, trazer conseqüências ao seu estado nutricional e à sua saúde geral, justificando-se assim este estudo. Nesta pesquisa foi realizado concomitantemente um exame clinico, uma entrevista e a aplicação de um teste nutricional (Mini-Avaliação-Nutricional), a fim de se avaliar a condição bucal, a capacidade mastigatória e o risco de desnutrição. A amostra constituiu-se de 25 pacientes senescentes institucionalizados, de ambos os sexos, das raças branca e não-branca, com diferentes condições bucais, formando-se 4 grupos distintos: pacientes usuários de prótese total bimaxilar (Grupo 1 = 11 pacientes), pacientes usuários de pelo menos uma prótese total (Grupo 2 = 7 pacientes), pacientes dentados com no mínimo 10 dentes em cada arcada (Grupo 3 = 4 pacientes), e pacientes totalmente edêntulos não usuários de prótese (Grupo 4 = 3 pacientes). A maioria dos pacientes (77,78%) estava satisfeita quanto à retenção e estabilidade de suas próteses, independente do seu estado de conservação. A capacidade mastigatória mostrou-se satisfatória para a maioria dos pacientes usuários de PT (Grupos 1 e 2), sendo ainda satisfatória para o Grupo 3 e insatisfatória para o Grupo 4. Não houve uma associação estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos e o estado nutricional, porém pôde-se notar que o risco de desnutrição apresentou freqüências mais elevadas no Grupo 2. Os resultados indicaram que apesar das condições bucais encontradas, no geral, a maioria dos pacientes (64%) apresentavam-se bem nutridos, 36% apresentavam risco de desnutrição e, nenhum paciente apresentava-se desnutrido. Sugere-se que, estes resultados obtidos são conseqüência da dieta balanceada que esses pacientes possuíam na instituição de amparo. Portanto, percebe-se a importância de uma alimentação balanceada, de preferência orientada por um profissional especializado, especialmente para aqueles pacientes de ambulatórios e consultórios, que não se encontram em um local com dieta pré-estabelecida e, principalmente após uma reabilitação bucal, para que este paciente possa adequar sua dieta à sua nova condição bucal. Concluímos que um trabalho multidisciplinar é fundamental, para objetivar o bem estar físico, emocional, mental e social do individuo, especialmente do idoso. / As life expectancy increases, resulting in the growth of the aged population, there is renewed interest in the search for a life with more quality and health. Therefore, the maintenance of the stomatognathic system of elderly patients is of the extreme importance, since it is throug h this system that the individual is nourished. Based on these facts, it becomes relevant to analyze in what ways the buccal condition can influence the choice of foods as well as individual eating habits, nutritional state and general health, thereby justifying this study. In this research, a clinical examination together with a interview and a nutritional test (Mini Nutritional Assessment) were carried out to assess the buccal condition, the chewing ability and the risk of malnutrition. The sample consisted of 25 institutionalized elderly patients, of both genders, white and non-white, with different buccal conditions, forming four distinct groups: patients who have a bimaxillary complete denture (Group 1 = 11 patients), patients who have at least one complete denture (Group 2 = 7 patients), patients who have at least 10 teeth in each arch (Group 3 = 4 patients) and edentulous not using prosthesis (Group 4 = 3 patients). The majority of the patients (77,78%) were satisfied as to the retention and stability of their complete dentures, independent of the state of conservation. The majority of the patients of PT (Groups 1 and 2) revealed satisfaction in their chewing ability. In group 3, the level was still satisfactory, but unsatisfactory for Group 4. There was not a statistically significant association between the groups and their nutritional state. However, it could be noticed that the malnutrition risk presented higher frequencies in Group 2. The results indicated that independent of the found buccal conditions, the majority of the patients (64%) were found to be well-nourished, 36% presented a risk of malnutrition and no patient was found to be malnourished. These findings suggest that the results are due to the balanced diet that these patients received in the support institution. Therefore, the importance of a balanced diet, preferably guided by a specialized professional, is perceived, especially for those ambulatory patients that do not live in a place with a daily pre-established diet. This is especially true of patients who have undergone oral rehabilitation and need to adjust their diet to their new buccal condition. The conclusion is that a multidisciplinary treatment plan is essential in order to achieve the physical, emotional, mental and social well-being of each individual, especially those who are elderly.

Introduction: The study surveys the present state of undergraduate dental education in gerodontology in Germany and highlights changes between 2004 and 2019. Materials and Methods: In 2019, questionnaires were emailed to the department heads of all German dental schools. Data were analysed descriptively and compared to existing data from 2004, 2009 and 2014. Results: Thirty-nine (86.7%) out of forty-five responding department heads stated to teach aspects of gerodontology in traditional core subject lecture series. Overall, 15 (55.6%) out of 27 responding dental university schools are offering special education in gerodontology (dedicated lecture series and/or practical training). A stronger focus on non-dental topics has been observed over the years. Discussion: The 15-year observation period in Germany shows that teaching gerodontology should be mandatory. There is a lack of specialists in gerodontology at the dental schools, although specialisation has been possible for many years in the German professional association. Students should be sure that, as in other subjects, they are well trained for the very heterogeneous patient group of seniors. The financial and personnel prerequisites for the universities need to be established. Conclusion: Inclusion of gerodontology in the national syllabus is a decisive factor for the integration of the subject into undergraduate courses. The recommendations of the European College of Gerodontology (2009) and of the German Association of Gerodontology (DGAZ) regarding didactical and practical teaching should be implemented in the respective compulsory syllabus to prepare current undergraduate dental students for the demographic challenges of tomorrow

Syftet med litteraturstudien var att undersöka den orala hälsans påverkan på ätandet hos äldre personer. Vetenskapliga artiklar söktes i databasen PubMed med begränsning till artiklar inom tidsperioden 2000-2010, åldersgruppen 60 år och äldre. Totalt 11 artiklar inkluderades i studien. Resultatet visade att försämrad munhälsa, nedsatt tuggförmåga, många saknade tänder, smärta och obehag i munnen, illasittande tandproteser och muntorrhet ger problem med ätandet. Detta leder till att äldre med försämrad oral hälsa ändrar på sina val av livsmedel och ofta avstår från livsmedel som är problematiska att äta på grund av svårigheter med att tugga och svälja eller rädsla för att orsaka ytterligare skada på bräckliga tänder.   Studiens slutsats är att en genomgång av litteraturen visade att äldre människor med nedsatt oral status hade risk för ätsvårigheter. Att ersätta förlorade tänder tycks ha betydelse för att upprätthålla en optimal tuggfunktion. / The purpose of this literature review was to investigate the oral health’s impact on eating among older people.Scientific articles were searched in PubMed, limited to articles published between 2000-2010,age 60 years and older. In total were 11 articles included in the study. The results showed that eating difficulties can be linked to impaired oral health, poormastication, partial tooth loss or edentulism, oral pain and discomfort, ill-fitting dentures anddry mouth. Elderly with impaired oral health change their eating habits and often refrain fromtough food items due to chewing and swallowing difficulties and fear of further damage tofragile teeth.  The conclusion of the study was that older people with poor oral status had a risk for eating difficulties. Replacement of missing teeth might play an important role in the maintenance ofan optimal chewing function.