Submitted by Fabricia Fialho Reginato (fabriciar) on 2015-08-03T23:42:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaCaldeira.pdf: 2149190 bytes, checksum: 2bb2649af15934360743794c00fa371d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-03T23:42:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaCaldeira.pdf: 2149190 bytes, checksum: 2bb2649af15934360743794c00fa371d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-01-10 / Nenhuma / A presente tese teve por objetivo analisar a efetividade do direito à saúde no Brasil, partindo da pesquisa da má governança administrativa até à investigação sobre a excessiva judicialização desse direito social. Dentro dessa proposta, sustentou-se a acepção de boa governança (good governance) como verdadeiro direito fundamental (de 4ª dimensão), devendo haver realinhamento entre direito e ética. Considerando o fato de o direito à saúde ser um dos direitos sociais mais demandados em juízo e que exigem maior dispêndio de orçamento público, deve-se pugnar por uma gestão responsável e transparente, através da boa governança, de modo a viabilizar a fruição das políticas públicas sociais. Visto de outro modo, foi objeto da pesquisa, a análise sobre como a incontinência com os gastos públicos, em especial a corrupção, podem constituir um custo de transação, um fator de obstrução dos direitos sociais. Neste sentido, sustenta-se que os princípios da eficiência e efetividade dos direitos fundamentais, dependem de uma gestão administrativa proba e que se encontre atrelada aos princípios da boa governança, para minimizar a escassez dos recursos financeiros. Ultrapassada essa primeira fase do trabalho, passou-se a discutir os modos de resposta jurisdicional oferecida pelos juízes para a efetividade do direito à saúde. Diante da progressiva judicialização do direito à saúde, devem ser investigados os reflexos das decisões judiciais, buscando o presente trabalho oferecer a trilha de um caminho hermenêutico intermediário situado entre a mera programaticidade das normas que versam sobre o direito à saúde (o que implicaria no total esvaziamento da norma) e a abusividade dos pedidos formulados (e rotineiramente concedidos) em juízo. Para tanto, a tese critica a técnica da ponderação de interesses, corolário que é da Teoria da Argumentação Jurídica de Alexy, usada nos Tribunais, por se revelar flagrantemente antidemocrática, sobretudo quando a discussão gira em torno do direito à saúde, que não pode depender de “voluntarismos jurídicos”. A linha defendida na tese perpassa, portanto, pelo entendimento de que, no que tange ao direito à saúde, existe o direito fundamental de receber a mesma resposta jurisdicional do Estado-juiz concedida a outros, na mesma situação, em que outros tenham anteriormente demandado o Judiciário. E para nós, a busca da resposta correta constitucionalmente encontrou no presente trabalho, o seu referencial teórico através da hermenêutica filosófica visando à superação do subjetivismo interpretativo, bem como ao alcance da pré-compreensão como horizonte de sentido (Dworkin e Lenio Streck). Concluiu-se por afirmar que o objetivo da tese foi buscar, minimamente, um pacto em torno de uma “Teoria da Decisão”, isto é, uma uniformização de raciocino lógico para instrumentalizar o Judiciário no sentido de otimizar os já escassos recursos, sem aprofundar ainda mais tal carência, já que no enfrentamento da questão do direito à saúde, as respostas produzidas no Direito devem levar em consideração, não só, os possíveis beneficiários da decisão, mas também os eventuais prejudicados por esta. Do contrário, o direito à saúde, tutelado constitucionalmente, seria reduzido a um critério temporal do interpositione litis primum. / This thesis aimed at examining the effectiveness of the right to health in Brazil, starting with the search for good governance to the investigation about the excessive judicialization of social law. Within this proposal, argued that the meaning of good governance as a true fundamental right (of the 4th dimension), and there should be realignment between law and ethics. Considering the fact that the right to health is one of the most demanded social right in court and require greater expenditure of public budget, one should work towards a responsible and transparent management, through good governance so as to facilitate a proper flow of public social policies. Under another point of view, the object of this research was an analysis of how incontinence with public spending, especially corruption, may constitute a transaction cost, a factor of obstruction of social rights. In this sense, it is stated that the principles of efficiency and effectiveness of fundamental rights do depend on an honest administrative management which is linked to the principles of good governance so as to minimize the scarcity of financial resources. After this first phase of work, we did discuss the response modes offered by court judges to the effectiveness of the right to health. Given the increasing judicialization of the right to health, the effects of judicial decisions should be investigated, and the present work sought to offer the possible ways for an intermediate and hermeneutic situated between the mere programmatic standards that deal with the right to health (which would imply a total emptying of the norm) and the abusiveness of requests (which are routinely granted) in court. Therefore, the thesis criticizes the technique of balancing of interests, which is a corollary of Alexy’s Theory of Legal Argumentation used in courts, because it reveals itself as bluntly undemocratic, especially when the discussion involves the right to health, which cannot depend on "legal discretion." The approach claimed by this thesis, travels through the understanding that, the right to health is a fundamental right to receive the same response from the state-court judge granted to others who previously sued the Judiciary in the same situation. For us, the search for the correct answer constitutionally finds its theoretical reference through philosophical hermeneutics seeking to overcoming the interpretative subjectivism, as well as the scope of pre-understanding as a horizon of meaning (Dworkin and Lenio Streck). We conclude by stating that the aim of the thesis was to seek a pact about a so-called Theory of Decision-Making ie. the uniformity of reasoning logical to allow the Judiciary to have the tools to optimize already scarce resources, without further increasing such shortage once in confronting the issue of the right to health the responses produced by the law must take into account not only the possible beneficiaries of the decision, but also the ones that may be negatively affected by it. Otherwise, the right to health, constitutionally protected, would be reduced to a time-related criterion of interpositione litis primum.

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2016-11-01T11:02:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Marina da Silva Bordin_.pdf: 2144079 bytes, checksum: 2ccee015d2de440beeda23a7584c7df5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-01T11:02:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marina da Silva Bordin_.pdf: 2144079 bytes, checksum: 2ccee015d2de440beeda23a7584c7df5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-05 / Nenhuma / Este trabalho tem como principal objetivo analisar, à luz das boas práticas de governança, a participação e a representatividade dos associados nos núcleos pesquisados e, a partir dos resultados, propor ações. O método de investigação escolhido nesta pesquisa descritiva-exploratória é o estudo de caso, de abordagem quantitativa, através de questionário respondido por 674 associados de núcleos do Programa Sicredi Pertencer. As questões foram construídas a partir de sete categorias advindas do referencial teórico: perfil; convocação, realização e ata da assembleia; votação e eleição; documentos para deliberação; educação para associados; participação; representatividade. As respostas dos questionários foram organizadas em excel e importadas para o software IBM SPSS, a fim de gerar tabelas e realizar testes de hipóteses. Foi utilizada estatística descritiva, nomeadamente a determinação de frequências, percentagens, médias e desvio padrão. Para se identificar correlações entre algumas variáveis, utilizou-se o teste do Qui-Quadrado, com nível de significância de (p = 0,05) e para se determinar a diferença entre as médias das respostas em duas variáveis utilizou-se o teste-t, com nível de significância de (p = 0,05). A partir da análise dos resultados da pesquisa para cada categoria, observou-se que há diferenças significativas entre os núcleos, o que fez com que as oportunidades de melhoria fossem direcionadas, explicitando-se os núcleos com mais necessidade de desenvolvimento. Duas sugestões provenientes deste trabalho já foram implementadas: a construção do perfil dos núcleos do Sicredi e o desenvolvimento do nucleômetro, uma ferramenta que objetiva instrumentalizar o Delegado de Núcleo para desempenhar o seu papel, bem como engajar os associados em reuniões de núcleo a participar mais ativamente do desenvolvimento da sua Cooperativa. Duas sugestões estão em avaliação: a utilização do CRM como impulsionador de boas práticas de governança e a introdução do conceito de Giro de Núcleo, objetivando realizar esforços para que associados que já possuem um bom nível de relacionamento (utilização de produtos e serviços) com a cooperativa, mas que ainda não participaram de nenhum encontro com associados, participem de pelo menos um encontro. A pesquisa também concluiu que as Cooperativas têm oportunidade de melhorias em relação a dar acesso e oportunizar a participação dos associados, pois na maioria das vezes eles tendem a aproveitar a boa prática implementada. Não foi possível assegurar as hipóteses de que associados de Cooperativa mais antiga são mais participativos nem de que associados de cidades menores são mais participativos. / This study is meant to examine the good governance practices, participation and representativeness of members in surveyed core groups, and from the results propose actions. The research method chosen in this descriptive and exploratory research is a case study with a quantitative approach, through a questionnaire answered by 674 members of the Sicredi Pertencer Program. The questions were defined from seven categories, which resulted from the theoretical framework: profile; call notice, the meeting and the minute; voting and election; documents for deliberation; education for members; participation; representativeness. The survey answers were imported into IBM SPSS software in order to generate tables, and perform hypothesis testing. It was used the descriptive statistics, namely the determination of frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviations. In order to identify correlations among variables, it was used the chi-square, with significance level (p = 0.05), and to determine the difference among the average response in two variables, it was used the test-t, with level of significance (p = 0.05). From the analysis of the survey results for each category, it was observed that there are significative differences among the core groups, which made the improvement opportunities being able to be directed, that explained the core groups most in need of development. Two suggestions from this work have already been implemented: the construction of the profile of the Core Groups of Sicredi and the development of the Core Group Meter (a tool to support the Core Group’s leader to play its role and to engage members in the meetings to participate actively in the Credit Union’s development). Two suggestions are being reviewed: using CRM as a driver of good governance practices and the introduction of the concept of Core Group Turnover, aiming to make efforts to the members, whom already have a good relationship level (use of goods and services) with the credit union, but have not yet participated in any meeting with members, to participate in at least one meeting. The survey also found that unions have the opportunity to improvement to give access and create opportunities for member’s participation, because most of the time, they tend to take benefit from the good practice implemented. It was not possible to secure the chances of neither the old Cooperative members being more participative nor the members from smaller cities.

'Good governance' is an evolving and increasingly influential discursive agenda that introduces new ideas about public policy, specifically targeting managerial behaviour and promoting modern administrative strategies. Most scholars agree that as a notion, good governance combines liberal democratic principles with a 'new public management' (NPM) approach to economic policy-making. What is less clear is who the agenda actually targets. In other words, is the good governance agenda aimed at rulers in particular or the broader population? Implicit in the answer is whether good governance concepts are simply useful tools to help build political credibility, or the agents for better managerial and administrative outcomes. In countries with advanced economies, good governance is invariably used to describe corporate and public administration strategies that invoke ethically grounded 'World's best practice' standards and procedures. However, in developing economies, good governance can take on quite different, and often unintended meanings. This thesis finds that in developing countries good governance is being expressed more as a political tool than as substantive practice and policy reform. This is occurring in an increasingly 'post-Washington consensus' environment that explicitly recognises the importance of the social impact of structural adjustment programs and broader issues of human rights. And importantly as far as this thesis is concerned, during Southeast Asia's current economic recovery, good governance has taken on a whole new relevance. This analysis commences from the assumption that good governance is a discursively created phenomenon that can be understood as a complex notion with both structural and ideational elements. The term is couched in a structure that is both economically technical and socially normative. It has overlapping central tenets driven by regulation and the institutional environment, and should not be viewed as a set of constructs in isolation from the context in which it is being used. And it is based on assumptions about common sense attitudes and shared common good objectives. And as this thesis will demonstrate, good governance functions within an unpredictable and often hostile political environment in which powerful actors are learning to use this new discourse to satisfy political expediencies. Put simply, good governance is nourishing a politics of its own. The thesis uses the ASEAN 4 countries of Southeast Asia: the Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia, as individual and comparative case studies. The studies examine how the concept is shaping the institutional structure of these countries, and includes commentary on the role of good governance in the 2004 round of election campaigning. A genealogy of good governance will be developed in these local contexts, and more generally. This will assist in mapping the concept's evolution in relation to development trajectories and local politics. The hypothesis under examination is - that the good governance agendas in the ASEAN 4 states primarily focus on improving representative rule rather than encouraging self-regulation. Two questions in particular are asked in each of the case studies dor the purpose of testing this hypothesis. What defining features of good governance discourse have been instrumental in the emergence of the politics that surrounds the agenda, and how is the discourse used to expand or limit the democratic possibilities theoretically inherent in good governance strategies and processes? These questions are important because they're designed to bring clarity to the intent of government and the role that the governed play in states where good governance is an increasingly important political issue. Good governance is more than merely a set of prescribed policies and practices. It is an agenda that reflects a specific set of 'neoliberal' ideas, predicated upon generally unarticulated assumptions about the universality of modern administrative practices supported by normative behavioural change. And it appears to privilege specific interests with potentially unjust implications for wider social formations. This assertion pivots on the finding that in various ways good governance discourages the advancement of open politics beyond nominal democratic procedures because it is theoretically grounded on governance principles that are not easily transferred to developing countries with diverging political, cultural and historical experience. Nevertheless, the attempt is underway. Ostensibly it is taking a form that is schooling targeted populations in what is 'good' and 'bad' in the economic interest of the nation. However, these efforts don't appear to be succeeding, at least not in the way the international architects of good governance intended. This thesis finds that this 'mentality' transformation project is clearly informed by Western experience. And this informs the theoretical approach of the thesis. Specifically, a 'governmentality' framework is used, largely because it has been developed out of analyses of rationalities of government in advanced liberal societies, in which the objectives of good governance are firmly grounded. And as this expanding research program has seldom been used to study government in developing countries, this thesis also puts a case for using governmentality tools beyond the boundaries of its modern Western foundations.

This thesis is a qualitative study based on interviews conducted in early 2007 and aims at getting an understanding of the political environment from an opposition party’s point of view in Northern Sudan. The study is also trying to illustrate how good governance and democracy are building on each other and that good governance is a pre-requisite for democracy. In this perspective Sudan has a long way to go. The main assumption is that women are key to good governance and internal democracy and a democratic society. If the party excludes women, it can not be representative, participatory or equitable and inclusive. The thesis is therefore looking at the structures of one opposition party, the Umma Party, and women’s political participation in the party. This description is then analysed in light of Good Governance’s characteristics of participation, representativeness, equity and inclusiveness in the political society arena. The following questions were asked and answered: • What are the basic features of the political environment within which Sudanese opposition parties operate? • What are the leadership structures and decision making processes of the Umma Party in North Sudan? • How do women access these structures and processes? The main finding is that the Umma Party and Sudan do not fulfill the characteristics or the indicators to claim good governance or democracy – not within the party and not within the country.

<p>This thesis is a qualitative study based on interviews conducted in early 2007 and aims at getting an understanding of the political environment from an opposition party’s point of view in Northern Sudan.</p><p>The study is also trying to illustrate how good governance and democracy are building on each other and that good governance is a pre-requisite for democracy. In this perspective</p><p>Sudan has a long way to go. The main assumption is that women are key to good governance and internal democracy and a democratic society. If the party excludes women, it can not be representative, participatory or equitable and inclusive.</p><p>The thesis is therefore looking at the structures of one opposition party, the Umma Party, and women’s political participation in the party. This description is then analysed in light of Good Governance’s characteristics of participation, representativeness, equity and inclusiveness in the political society arena. The following questions were asked and answered:</p><p>• What are the basic features of the political environment within which Sudanese opposition parties operate?</p><p>• What are the leadership structures and decision making processes of the Umma Party in North Sudan?</p><p>• How do women access these structures and processes?</p><p>The main finding is that the Umma Party and Sudan do not fulfill the characteristics or the indicators to claim good governance or democracy – not within the party and not within the country.</p>

Baigiamajame magistro darbe „Gero valdymo koncepcijos įgyvendinimas policijos pareigūnų veiklos valdyme: Šiaulių apskrities vyriausiojo policijos komisariato kriminalinės policijos padalinių atvejis“ yra nagrinėjamas Gero valdymo koncepcijos taikymas Lietuvos policijos pareigūnų vidaus valdyme. Šiuo darbu siekiama išanalizuoti Gero valdymo koncepcijos taikymą specifinėje viešojo sektoriaus organizacijoje – statutinėje valstybės tarnyboje – Lietuvos policijoje bei ištirti ir įvertinti Šiaulių apskrities vyriausiojo policijos komisariato kriminalinės policijos padaliniuose taikomo valdymo atitikimą Gero valdymo koncepcijai. Magistro darbą sudaro trys pagrindinės dalys, išvados, rekomendacijos, literatūros sąrašas bei priedai. Pirmojoje darbo dalyje atlikta Gero valdymo koncepcijos sisteminė analizė, kurios metu nustatyta, kad Gero valdymo koncepciją galima pritaikyti ne tik makrolygmenyje – valstybės ir savivaldos valdymo sferose, bet panaudojus šiame lygmenyje apibrėžtus principus juos pritaikyti ir mikrolygmenyje – viešojo sektoriaus organizacijos valdyme. Antrojoje dalyje pateiktos Lietuvos statutinės valstybės tarnybos veiklos valdymo ypatumų teorinės įžvalgos, išskiriant ir pabrėžiant Lietuvos policijos kriminalinės policijos padalinių valdymą. Trečiojoje dalyje pristatomi atlikto kompleksinio tyrimo, kurio metu nustatytas Šiaulių apskrities vyriausiojo policijos komisariato kriminalinės policijos padalinių valdymo atitikmens lygis Gero valdymo koncepcijai, rezultatai... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / In the master thesis of “The Implementation of Good Governance Conception in the Operational Management of Police Officers: the Case Study of Criminal Police Departments in the Siauliai County Police Headquarters“, the application of good management concepts are being researched inside the Lithuanian Police internal management. The aim of the thesis is to analyze the application of such concepts in the specific public sector organization - statutory public service, which is Lithuanian police, as well as, to evaluate how Siauliai County Police Headquarters Criminal Police Units applies the concept of Good Governance to management compliance. Furthermore, the paper consists of three main parts: 1) Conclusions 2) Recommendations 3) References and Appendices. In the first part the concept of Good Governance revealed that it can be applied not only to the macro-level of state and local spheres of government, but to the micro-level usage of defined principles in the management of public sector organizations as well. The second part contains the theoretical insights that highlight and emphasize the Lithuanian Criminal Police Department’s management. The third part presents results of a complex investigation, which was established in Siauliai County. It reflects the level of management application in terms of the Good Governance concept. Finally, the study shows that the concept of Good Governance is not yet fully established as a policy in the Lithuanian legislation, which... [to full text]

The dawn of democracy and adoption of the new constitution heralded in a new political dispensation for South Africa. These development set local government in a new path as various pieces of legislations and policies were passed to transform local government from fragmented and racially – based municipalities into democratic and non – racial entities. Transformation did not end on amalgamation of racial municipal entities and change to racial composition of the administration staff but has to transcend beyond to ensure accountability, transparency, responsive and participation of communities in the affairs of local government to promote good governance. The Sedibeng District Municipality (SDM) established various structures, systems and processes intend on promoting transformation. However, its process of transformation is limited only to the structure and composition of the administration. Little was done to transform the reigning culture which has its roots in the apartheid past, despite the existence of policies including the White Paper on the Transforming Public Service Delivery (Batho Pele). Accordingly, the existence of new structures, systems and processes failed to curb corruption in the ranks of Sedibeng District Municipality. Currently, a number of staff members are facing various charges of fraud and corruption. The Auditor – General have found that millions of rands have spent without proper procedure being followed. The state of affairs give indications that existing structures, systems and processes are not solid enough to curb corruption. Furthermore, the situation is accentuated by the municipality’s failure to involve communities in the affairs of the local government. Communities are only used to rubber – stamp processes and programmes that are imposed by the municipality. This renders communities and community organisations useless and ineffective in holding the councillors accountable. Against the background of the problem statement, the hypotheses of the study were formulated as follows: * There is a non – compliance of municipal regulations required for transformation and good governance at Sedibeng District Municipality. * The leadership of the municipality does not possess adequate knowledge and the political will to monitor and ensure consistent adherence to regulations as required by law to promote transformation and good governance. The study utilized both qualitative and quantitative research methods. The study involved a number of techniques to gather information which includes literature study and empirical research. The findings of the study prove that there is a high level non – compliance of municipal regulations required to promote good governance at Sedibeng District Municipality. The responses of senior management also prove that there is a clear lack of leadership in the Sedibeng District Municipality. The study offers significant recommendations to improve the situation. The intend of the study was to explore and open avenue for further research in the field of change management (transformation of behaviour and culture), impact of cadre deployment in municipal performance and idea of public participation and involvement in the affairs of local government. / M Development and Management (Public Management and Governance), North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2014

Against the backdrop of the historical failure of official development assistance to alleviate poverty in the Third World, this thesis examines the current approach of Western aid donors toward development. The thesis asks whether aid policy processes indicate a willingness, or capacity, on the part of official donors to more fully engage with the causal complexity of development, and so potentially improve development outcomes. Considering the case study of the Australian bilateral aid program to Papua New Guinea from both top-down and bottom-up policy perspectives, the thesis concludes that, in relation to Australia, there are significant structural and institutional impediments to change. The Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, and its interpretation of national interest, dominate high-level aid policy-making, even though the objectives of foreign policy and those of foreign aid differ. Australia's official development agency, AusAID, is limited in its capacity to legitimately challenge this dominance, not least because its use of contracted-out projects restrict its corporate knowledge and its ability to influence policy agendas and networks. Overcoming this impasse requires creative management on the part of senior public servants and non-governmental members of the aid policy community alike.

In 2015, the Vienna University of Economics and Business (WU) and the African Tax Institute at the University of Pretoria launched a project to identify the links between corruption, money laundering and tax crimes in Africa. The project promotes the concepts of good tax governance and the importance to economic development of a tax system that is transparent and free of corruption. The project explores how law enforcement agencies and tax authorities can best cooperate to counter corruption and bribery. The project was initially aimed at three focus countries, namely, Ghana, Nigeria and South Africa, but soon was extended to other African countries. This is a joint initiative with the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) and is also supported by the World Bank. This book brings together a series of background papers prepared for the Conference on Inter-Agency Co-operation and Good Tax Governance in Africa held at the University of Pretoria in July 2016. After a rigorous double peer-review process, the papers were revised by the authors. We express our gratitude to and acknowledge the services of the following peer reviewers: Tom Balco; Carika Fritz; Leon Gerber; Willem Jacobs; Benjamin Kujinga; Thabo Legwaila; Annet Oguttu; Dirk Scholtz; David Solomon; and Xeniya Yeroshenko. Finally, we express our sincere gratitude to all the research and administrative assistants who contributed to the Good Tax Governance in Africa Project. This book pays tribute to their efforts. Jeffrey Owens, Rick McDonell, Riël Franzsen and Jude Amos (Vienna and Pretoria, November 2017)

Magister Legum - LLM