Resandet ökar i dagens samhälle och människor söker nya upplevelser och utmaningar. Konkurrensen om besökarna är stor. Med hjälp av den nya informations- och kommunikationstekniken kan en elektronisk rese- och upplevelseguide utgöra ett alternativ i syfte att attrahera besökarna och få dem att stanna längre. Genom tekniken kan intressanta berättelser presenteras med både ljud, bild och video, s k multimedieteknik. För att besökaren ska kunna vara rörlig och samtidigt ta emot information krävs en mobil utrustning som exempelvis en handdator.Denna magisteruppsats i informatik ingår i ett projekt, uppdelat i tre steg. Projektet, som drivs på uppdrag av Vision Vimmerby och Högskolan Dalarna, har som mål att ta fram en elektronisk rese- och upplevelseguide, avsedd för vuxna bilburna besökare i Astrid Lindgrens landskap. Den elektroniska guiden ska presenteras via en handdator som besökare kan hyra vid Turistbyrån i Vimmerby.Målet för uppsatsen, som utgör första fasen av dessa tre, är att redogöra för en konceptuell generell modell för en elektronisk rese- och upplevelseguide. Grundtanken är att modellen lätt ska kunna appliceras på vilket resmål som helst. Förutsättningar för det skapas genom att använda befintliga nationella databaser.Vi har strävat efter att den konceptuella modellen ska vara komponentbaserad så att andra datakällor kan väljas utan att konceptet faller. Vidare har vi analyserat om VITSA-projektets tekniska grundplattform, som innehåller funktionalitet som är anpassad för den här typen av tjänster, är lämplig att använda.I arbetet har vi använt oss av befintliga teorier om mobilitet, tjänster och systemarkitekturer. Parallellt med att de befintliga teorierna har använts, har en strukturell modell för IT-tjänster vidareutvecklats. Vår tanke är att den vidareutvecklade modellen ska inspirera till användning och eventuellt användas som stöd vid fortsatt forskning om IT-tjänster.

RNA editing in trypanosomes is the post-transcriptional insertion or deletion of uridylates at specific sites in mitochondrial mRNAs. This process is catalyzed by a multienzyme, multisubunit complex through a series of enzymatic cycles directed by small, trans-acting RNA molecules. Despite impressive progress in our understanding of the mechanism of RNA editing and the composition of the editing complex, fundamental questions regarding RNP assembly and the regulation of catalysis remain. This dissertation presents studies of RNA-protein interactions between RNA editing complexes and substrate RNAs and the determination of substrate secondary structural determinants that govern them. Our results suggest that substrate association, cleavage and full-round editing by RNA editing complexes in vitro obey hierarchical determinants that increase in complexity as editing progresses and we propose a model for substrate recognition by RNA editing complexes. In addition, this dissertation also presents the characterization of a novel mitochondrial RNA helicase, named REH2 and its macromolecular interactions. Our data suggest that REH2 is intimately involved in interactions with macromolecular complexes that integrate diverse processes mediating mitochondrial gene expression. These results have implications for the mechanism of substrate RNA recognition by RNA editing complexes as well as for the integration of RNA editing to other facets of mitochondrial RNA metabolism.

­^¤åºK­n In the wet wafer cleaning process, the wafer surfaces are washed with toxic solutions such as ammonia and sulfuric acid which was not to allow to enter the surroundings i.e. clean room. Therefore, common practice is to reduce the pressure differential between the wet bench and the surroundings to a very low pressure difference level while maintaining a high exhaust flow rate for toxic fumes. In such a case, the isolation of process area from the surrounding area may be compromised i.e. there is a danger that the surrounding air was suctioned to the process area. Conceptually, this dilemma can be solved by creating an air buffer between the wafer process area and the surrounding area. This study aims to determine/prove-in the optimal operational conditions and geometries of such design by both CFD analysis and experimental verification. This thesis includes three parts. First, the detailed experimental data to a bio-clean bench installed with the guide-vane design are conducted. The data are then used to verify the feasibility/accuracy of the CFD model. Second, the optimal operational conditions and geometries of a full-scale isothermal wet bench with the guide-vane design are determined by CFD simulation that takes most influential factors into account. These influential factors include exhaust pressures, length of the guide- vane, guide-vane angle and downward face velocity of the filter etc. The results show that the air curtain created by the guide-vane is able to isolate the process area from surrounding area, and vise-versa. Third, the thermal effect of ammonia solution on the distribution of ammonia vapor are examined. The shape of the thermal plume that encounters the downward air stream of the filter is discussed intensively. In general, this thesis provides significant information in improving the isolation effect of wet benches by the air-curtain design.

LGP( Light Guide Plate) is the important part of the BLM(Back Light Modulus). It makes the BLM high illuminance and uniformity with leading light direction. LED(Light Emitting Diode) is the light source of the BLM. In this study there are V-Cut of the micro-structure applying on the LGP to discuss and research with optical simulation software TracePro. A 2.5 inch BLM with LED is building to analysis. First, the beginning side of the LGP has been studied with V-Cut. The purpose is making the distribution angel larger and upgrading brightness. Then, with the V-Cut micro-structure on the out-light surface and optical sheets get the largest light availability ratio. Finally, the reflect surface divides to five parts with different pitches design. The results show the good benefit by more uniformly light distribution and illuminance.

In this study, the optical simulation software Light Tools was executed to reduce the LED amount used by improving the performance of light guide plate of backlight module with LED illuminator. The improvement of the design including: 1.replacing the V-cut microstructures on the lower layer of the light guide plate by the micro-semispherical lens structures;2.replacing the diffusion film by the micro-semispherical lens structures on the upper layer of the light guide plate ; 3.adding the lateral microstructure on the light guide plate to reduce the dark-area phenomenon. The sizes of upper/lower microstructures, their spacings and the amount of LED were selected as the parameters and applying L18 orthogonal array to process the simulations firstly. Then integrating different kind of lateral microstructures to find the best uniformity, and obtain a set of parameters that could improve the performance of backlight module and then the amount of LED can be reduced. The results show that the uniformity of backlight module is over 88% without diffusion film which have overcome the requirement of 85% in traditional design with 2 diffusion films. This improvement not only reduces the cost from diffusion film, also removes the dark-area phenomenon. Additionally, the amount of LED is reduced to 45 from 48 that retrench about 7% of power. Energy and cost are saved simultaneously.

無 / What if you had a local friend in Tokyo who is willing to take you to some local places? Your journey should become more unique than the others’. Toku envisions to satisfy botch travelers who want to experience ‘local’ way in Tokyo and local Tokyo people who wish to guide travelers to local places. Toku is a website in which users are able to see and obtain information of Tokyo local dining spots, shops and nightclubs. Toku also provides half-day and one-tour guide to further enrich traveler’s experience in Tokyo. The following are the missions Toku promises to its customers: 1. Providing ‘local’ information of Tokyo to foreigners 2. Connecting people who need a local guide with people who wish to guide foreigners in Tokyo 3. Making local friends through the network of local guides 4. Providing individual tourists with local knowledge and secrets

Parents and caregivers spend the most time interacting with young children during their first years of life when development in many areas is happening at an incredible rate. It is important for all these adults to understand what typical development looks like, to know some strategies for supporting children’s development, and to know where and when to get help if the child’s development needs to be supported. This report serves as an all-inclusive guide for parents and caregivers to help in understanding typical development and in identifying when young children need additional help to achieve important developmental milestones. / text

Over the past several years, experiments in adaptive optics involving multiple natural and laser guide stars have been carried out at the 1.55 m Kuiper telescope and the 6.5 m MMT telescope. The astronomical imaging improvement anticipated from both ground-layer and tomographic adaptive optics has been calculated. Ground-layer adaptive optics will reduce the effects of atmospheric seeing, increasing the resolution and sensitivity of astronomical observations over wide fields. Tomographic adaptive optics will provide diffraction-limited imaging along a single line of sight, increasing the amount of sky coverage available to adaptive optics correction.A new facility class wavefront sensor has been deployed at the MMT which will support closed-loop adaptive optics correction using a constellation of five Rayleigh laser guide stars and the deformable F/15 secondary mirror. The adaptive optics control loop was closed for the first time around the focus signal from all five laser signals in July of 2007, demonstrating that the system is working properly. It is anticipated that the full high-order ground-layer adaptive optics loop, controlled by the laser signals in conjunction with a tip/tilt natural guide star, will be closed in September 2007, with the imaging performance delivered by the system optimized and evaluated.The work here is intended to be both its own productive scientific endeavor for the MMT, but also as a proof of concept for the advanced adaptive optics systems designed to support observing at the Large Binocular Telescope and future extremely large telescopes such as the Giant Magellan Telescope.

An examination of the works for flute and piano of twentieth-century American composer Simon A. Sargon, a comparison of Sargon's works for flute and piano to works within the standard flute repertoire. Includes biographical information, a historical perspective of graded and nongraded literature guides, a review of current repertoire resources, and a historical background and detailed analysis of The Queen's Consort (1982), Dusting Around With Scott's Rag (1994), Sunflowers (1997), and Tarantela for Two Flutes and Piano (2004). Sargon's works were evaluated based on the rubric set forth in the National Flute Association's (NFA) resource guide, Selected Flute Repertoire: A Graded Guide for Teachers and Students (2001) and compared to literature contained within the NFA resource guide. Includes a catalog of Sargon's works, his curriculum vitae, and interviews with the composer.

While information system is design it is very important to understand organization processes, their constrains in requirements level. The business rules structuring is one of the problem to design information system. In this article at large is analyzed business rules classification and description ways in database designing and planning methods, including presentation of their advantages and disadvantages. Basing on the analysis work, the model of the business rules structuring process is proposed and the possibilities for the further development of this models are described.