Background Obesity is a global public health crisis. Obesity in adolescents tends to track into adulthood. Home dining is one of the preventive measures which can achieve some of the recommended factors that might protect against weight gain and obesity. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the correlates of home dinner, and the association between home dinner and weight status in Hong Kong adolescent. Methods All data used in this study was adopted from a local study done by the Hong Kong Student Obesity Surveillance (HKSOS) project 2006-2007. For the association between family meal frequency and weight status, multi-nominal logistic regression was used for analysis. For further analysis, significant (p<0.05) correlates and frequency of dining at home were set as independent and dependent variables, respectively. All correlates were adopted in multivariate logistic regression, resulting in crude and mutually adjusted odds ratios for frequency of dining at home. Results In total, 65.7% of subjects had dinner at home at least 4 times per week. More frequent dining at home ( 4 - 7 vs. 0 - 3 times per week ) was correlated with female sex, lower socioeconomic status, smoking, intact family structure, no full time job mothers and her parenting styles. Subjects who had dinner at home more frequently had higher consumption of cereals, vegetables, high fat food, and snack and soft drink. They also reported watching more TV during meals and a greater feeling of fullness after meals. Adolescents with more frequent home dining were 14% ( 95% CI: 0.06 to 0.20 ) less likely to be obese. Conclusions Statistically significant correlations of frequent home dinners with adolescents’ background characteristics and dietary habits were found. Adolescents who had more dinners at home were less likely to be obese. These findings need to be confirmed by prospective studies and interventional studies. / published_or_final_version / Public Health / Master / Master of Public Health

Background: With adolescent obesity increasing in many developed and developing countries, many studies have investigated the effects of dietary habits on adolescent obesity. However, night-eating, which may lead to extra caloric intake and weight gain, is understudied. Given adolescents’ behavior patterns required during this period to be likely to influence long term behaviors, the present study investigated the prevalence of night-eating in Hong Kong adolescents and its association with weight status, dinner habits, bedtime, and the interval between dinner time and bedtime. Methods: This study was a secondary analysis with a sample of 24885 adolescents based on the dataset of Hong Kong Student Surveillance (HKSOS) project which was a school-based cross-sectional survey conducted in 2006/07. The subjects reported the number of days they had night-eating per week, the usual time they had dinner, the time spent on dinner, and bedtime. The interval between dinner time and bedtime was calculated and classified as long (4 hours or more) or short (below 4 hours). Weight status was estimated based on the self-reported weight and height. The prevalence of night-eating and distributions of dinner habits and bedtime were examined using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation and percentage). Logistic regression and multiple linear regression models with robust standard errors accounting for school clustering effects were used (Stata 11.0) to estimate crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) and regression coefficients for associations about night-eating. Results: Half (50.2%) the subjects reported any night-eating and 21.9% reported frequent night-eating of more than three days a week. The change of BMI z-score was positive associated with night-eating (Coefficient: 0.204; 95%CI: 0.175-0.233), and night-eaters were 13% (95%CI: 6%-20%) more likely to be obese. Compared with early dinner time group, the normal dinner time group was 11% (95% CI: 6%-15%) less likely to have night-eating. Students who reported normal and slow eating speed were 30% (95 % CI: 22%-39%) and 147% (95% CI: 113%-187%) more likely to have night-eating compared with quick eating speed group; the late-sleepers were 43% (95% CI: 35%--53%) and 25% (95%CI: 18%--34%) more likely to have night-eating on weekday and weekend, respectively, compared with early-sleepers. Besides, it was observed that adolescents having longer interval between dinner time and bedtime were 22% (95% CI: 5%--42%) more likely to have night-eating. Conclusion: The prevalence of night-eating was 50.2% in Hong Kong students. The night-eating was positively related with obesity, and the relationship was the first time to be estimated in Hong Kong adolescents. Besides, the relative early dinner time (compared with bedtime), slow dinner speed, late bedtime and long interval between dinner time and bedtime were positively associated with night-eating. / published_or_final_version / Public Health / Master / Master of Public Health

College is a time of emerging identity and habit formation for students. One hundred and sixty-two (162) college students were surveyed via an internet based survey. The survey asked questions regarding dietary habits such as consumption of dairy, vegetables, fruit, and protein. The survey also examined dietary knowledge such as ability to read food labels. The students were divided into two groups for analysis, nutrition majors and non-nutrition majors. The two groups differed in Body Mass Index (BMI) (p=0.004), but not nutrition knowledge (p=0.082). The nutrition students had an average BMI of 22.0+/-2.42 and a nutrition knowledge score of 2.44+/-0.60, while the non-nutrition majors had an average BMI of 23.9+/-4.50 and a knowledge score of 2.22+/-0.55.

No description available.

This study profiles the usual dietary habits of independent-living elderly from alternative methodological perspectives. The primary objective was to validate a comprehensive dietary questionnaire developed for use in epidemiology against the results of household refuse analysis, an independent, continuous measure of dietary behavior. Members of 44 one-and two-person households residing in a retirement community in southern Arizona completed a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Subsequently, all refuse discarded by participating households during the following six weeks was collected and recorded by researchers. During the final week, respondents completed a recall questionnaire asking them to report their dietary habits during the study period. Analysis compared the results of survey and material measures of monthly household consumption at the levels of total intake, food group, and food item. Primary indices of agreement or association between measures included tests of mean difference, correlation coefficients, and percentage of subjects misclassified in tertile comparisons. Agreement between the results of measures was very good, with significant exceptions. Survey and refuse estimates of mean monthly quantity of total intake differed by less than one percent. Significant differences between mean estimates of consumption produced by each measure were found for three of 10 food group categories, and 19 of 73 food items compared. The correlation coefficient for comparisons between survey and refuse estimates of total intake was .72, and positive associations were also evident for the large majority of other items examined. Fifty-seven percent of subjects were classified into equivalent tertiles by both survey and refuse estimates of total intake. Percentages classified into equivalent tertiles in food group comparisons ranged from 48 to 70 percent. Potential effects of sources of error in refuse were also examined. Significant differences between results of the measures clustered among food items commonly associated with health risk or benefit, or items which serve as accessory elements in meals. These results suggest that, although brief food frequency questionnaires can provide valid estimates of usual diet for the majority of food categories, social desirability response effects may significantly affect reported consumption of some items.

No description available.

Σκοπός της έρευνάς μας είναι να διευκρινίσουμε το προφίλ των καταναλωτών με βάση την επιλογή τους για τον τόπο αγοράς των καλλυντικών, να ερευνήσουμε τους λόγους της επιλογής τους, τις ανάγκες που καλύπτουν τα φαρμακεία, τα σούπερ μάρκετ ή τα πολυκαταστήματα καλλυντικών και πώς το φαρμακείο μπορεί να προσαρμοστεί σε αυτές ούτως ώστε να καλύψει μεγαλύτερο μέρος της αγοράς. Επιπλέον επιδιώκουμε να μελετήσουμε πώς τα δημογραφικά στοιχεία, ο τρόπος ενημέρωσης αλλά και πιο συγκεκριμένα στοιχεία όπως είναι η συσκευασία του καλυντικού και ο τρόπος προώθησής του, επηρεάζει τη συμπεριφορά του καταναλωτή. Για το λόγο αυτό δημιουργήσαμε ένα ερωτηματολόγιο το οποίο μας βοηθάει να αξιολογήσουμε την αγοραστική συμπεριφορά του κοινού σε σχέση με δημογραφικούς, οικονομικούς και μορφωτικούς παράγοντες. Πριν παραθέσουμε τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας, θα κάνουμε μία σύντομη ανασκόπηση στην παρούσα βιβλιογραφία σχετικά με το μάρκετινγκ των καλλυντικών στο φαρμακείο. Θα αναφερθούμε στις ισχύουσες τάσεις της αγοράς και της κοινωνίας που επηρεάζουν τις πωλήσεις των καλλυντικών ούτως ώστε να μπορέσουμε να τις συσχετίσουμε με τις ερωτήσεις και τις απαντήσεις που λάβαμε. Στη συνέχεια, θα αναλυθεί η μεθοδολογία της έρευνάς μας, ο τρόπος σχηματισμού του ερωτηματολογίου και η λογική πίσω από τις ερωτήσεις. Κατόπιν θα γίνει μια λεπτομερής αναφορά και ανάλυση των αποτελεσμάτων της δειγματοληπτικής έρευνας, τα οποία θα σχολιαστούν και θα συσχετιστούν με τις δεδομένες ανάγκες της αγοράς του φαρμακείου. Τέλος θα παρατεθεί η βιβλιογραφία με τη βοήθεια της οποίας συγγράφηκε η διπλωματική εργασία. / -

Darbo tikslas. Ištirti ir įvertinti moksleivių maitinimą Panevėžio miesto ir rajono mokyklose. Uždaviniai: • Ištirti moksleivių mitybos įpročius atsižvelgiant į lytį, amžių, gyvenamąją vietą. • Nustatyti moksleivių maitinimosi mokyklose būdus. • Įvertinti moksleivių nuomonę apie mokyklų valgyklose teikiamo maisto asortimentą ir paslaugų kokybę. • Pateikti pasiūlymus moksleivių mitybai pagerinti. Tyrimo metodika. Tyrimas atliktas 2004/2005 mokslo metais. Anketavimo būdu apklausta 981 devintos ir vienuoliktos klasės moksleiviai iš atsitiktiniu būdu atrinktų 7 bendrojo lavinimo mokyklų, esančių Panevėžio apskrityje. Tyrimui buvo naudota 36 klausimų anoniminė anketa. Statistinė duomenų analizė buvo atlikta naudojant SPSS 11 programos paketą. Rezultatai. Beveik pusė (45 proc.) moksleivių nurodė, jog jie dažnai valgo vaisius. Žalias daržoves valgė mažesnė dalis moksleivių – 28,1 proc. 45 proc apklaustųjų teigė, kad sultis geria ne dažniau kaip kartą per savaitę. Iš pieno produktų dažniau vartojamas pienas, kefyras ir jogurtas (43,4proc.), varškė ir sūris (32,5 proc.) Kas antras (40,5 proc.) moksleivis teigia, jog juodą rupią duoną renkasi kasdien. Nemaža dalis moksleivių renkasi mažos maistinės vertės maisto produktus: dažnai valgo saldainių ir šokolado (53,4 proc.), sausainių, pyragaičių ir torto (31,7 proc.), traškučių (16,6 proc.), geria kokakolos ir kitų saldžiųjų gėrimų (23 proc.) moksleivių. Taip pat daug moksleivių mėgsta keptas bulves (20,4 proc.), renkasi baltą duoną ir... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Aim of the work. To investigate and evaluate schoolchildren nutrition in Panevėžys City and district schools. Objectives: • To explore schoolchildren nutrition habits considering their gender, age and living place. • To identify ways of schoolchildren nutrition at school. • To provide suggestions for schoolchildren nutrition improvement. Research methodology. The research was done in 2004/2005. Using a questionnaire method have been questioned 981 schoolchildren of ninth and eleventh classes selected at random from 7 comprehensive schools of Penevėžys region. It was used for the research anonymous questionnaire with 36 questions in it. Statistical data analysis have been done using SPSS11 program packet. Results. Almost half (45) of schoolchildren referred that they often eat fruits. Raw vegetables have eat lesser part of schoolchildren – 28,1 . 45  of respondents stated that they drink juice not more than once a week. From dairy products, more often used are milk, kefir, yoghurt (43,4), curd and cheese (32,5 ). Every other (40,5 ) schoolchild states that brown wholemeal bread they use every day. A fair part of schoolchildren select little nutrient value alimentary products: often schoolchildren eat sweets and chocolate (53,4 ), cookies, cakes (31,7 ), crisps (16,6 ), drink Coca-Cola and other sweet drinks (23 ). Also many schoolchildren like fried potatoes (20,4 ), choose white bread and French bread (67,8 ). Only every third schoolchild (32,4 ) state... [to full text]

Magistrinio darbo tema: „Sveikos gyvensenos įpročių ugdymas ir reklama“. Sveikatos statistikos duomenys rodo vis prastėjančią gyventojų sveikatos būklę, taip pat sveikos gyvensenos įpročių stoką: daug žmonių dažnai renkasi nesveiką maistą, naujausių technologijų dėka didžiąją dalį laiko leidžia fiziškai pasyviai (t.y. per mažai juda), o žalingi įpročiai itin sparčiai plinta paauglių gyvenime. Gyvensenos įpročių formavimui didelę įtaką turi stiprus išorės veiksnys – reklama. Lietuvoje nėra atlikta išsamių tyrimų apie reklamos poveikį vaikams ir paaugliams, todėl šis klausimas yra aktualus. Magistrinio darbo tikslas – surinkti informaciją apie tai, kokie yra sveikos gyvensenos įpročiai, kaip jie galėtų būti ugdomi ir kokį poveikį jiems turi reklama. Sveika gyvensena – tai žmogaus sveikatai daug įtakos turintis veiksnys, kurį lemia sąmoningi žmogaus elgesio veiksniai: sveika mityba, žalingų įpročių atsisakymas ir fizinis aktyvumas. Todėl sveikos gyvensenos įpročių ugdymas yra aktuali tema, apie kurią turi būti kalbama mokykloje ir kitoje socialinėje aplinkoje. Reklama – itin stiprios įtakos turintis socialinis reiškinys, sutinkamas visoje socialinėje aplinkoje. Rekalma daro didelį poveikį vartotojų mintims ir elgesiui, susijusiam su sveika gyvensena. Siekiant išsiaiškinti, kokius sveikos gyvensenos įpročius turi skirtingo amžiaus vartotojai, ir kokią įtaką jiems turi reklama, buvo atliktas anketinis tyrimas, kuriame dalyvavo 333 respondentai: 165 VII klasių moksleiviai iš... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The subject of this Master degree paper is „Education of healthy lifestyle habits and the rote of advertising”. Statistical data of health demonstrate the worsening state of people’s health usually do not have healthy lifestyle habits: the majority of people do not choose healthy food. Another bad thing is that owing to modern technologies people spend the biggest part of their lives in a practically passive way (i.e. do not move much) and additions spread fast among children and teenagers. One of the most important external factors, that plays an important role in the formation or bad habits is advertising. There is no exhaustive analysis so far about the effect of advertising on children and teenagers and that is why the problem is so acute. The aim of this thesis is to collect information about healthy lifestyle habits, how they could be developed and the role of advertising. Healthy life style is a very important factor for a person’s health. It is predetermined by the individual’s reasoned attitude to this behavior: healthy nutrition, refusing addictions and physical activity. That is why the development of healthy lifestyle habits is the subject of primary importance and young people should be informed about it at schools and other places of social gathering. Advertising is a common phenomen in our daily life and it continually influences consumers and their choice. In order to find out healthy lifestyle habits among schoolchildren and students and how advertising... [to full text]

Bakalauro darbe tiriami paauglių mitybos įpročiai ir sveikata. Išanalizavus literatūra pastebėta, kad paaugliai, kurie nesilaiko mitybos rėžimo, maitinasi neracionaliai, dažniau skundžiasi tam tikrais negalavimais, nei tie, kurie laikosi mitybos rėžimo. Tyrime dalyvavo 104 14-17 metų paaugliai. Anketinės apklausos metodu tirti paauglių mitybos įpročiai ir jų sveikata. Analizuojant duomenis ieškota sąsajos tarp mitybos įpročių ir nusiskundimų sveikatos sutrikimais. Tyrimu nustatyta, jog dauguma respondentų valgo nereguliariai, nemaža dalis kasdien nevalgo pusryčių, per mažai vartoja grūdinių ir duonos, vaisių ir daržovių maisto grupių produktų. Kasdien mokyklos valgykloje valgo ketvirtadalis respondentų, dauguma mokinių mokykloje renkasi šaltus užkandžius. Mažiau nei pusė respondentų (didesnė dalis berniukų, nei mergaičių) savo sveikatą vertina puikiai. Maždaug ketvirtadalis apklaustų paauglių skundžiasi dažnu galvos skausmu, nervine įtampa, nuovargiu. Palyginus su reguliariai besimaitinančiais respondentais, didesnė dalis mitybos rėžimo nesilaikančių apklaustųjų dažnai jaučia galvos skausmus ir nuovargį. Beveik visos respondentės, kurios teigė, kad riboja savo maitinimąsi, skundžiasi dažnu nuovargiu. Tiriamieji, kurie valgo 3-4 kartus per dieną savo sveikatą vertina geriau ir peršalimo ligomis serga rečiau, nei tie, kurie valgo 1-2 ar 5 ir daugiau kartų per dieną. / Nutritional needs during adolescence are increased because of the increased growth rate and changes in body composition associated with puberty. Adolescents are often thought of as a healthy group, but many serious diseases in adulthood have their roots in adolescence. For example, tobacco use, poor eating and exercise habits, lead to illness or premature death later in life. The bachelor work investigates adolescents eating habits and health. The purpose of investigation was to find out adolescents eating habits and self health assessment. Hundred and four adolescents participeted in this investigation. The respondents selected were from Biržai „Saulės“ gymnasium. Respondents had to fill the questionnaire about their eating habits at home and at school and evaluete their own health condition. The results of investigation showed that majority of respondents are skipping meals, eat iiregulary, some of girls diet. More than half of them are always having breakfast. Also, teens are not eating vegetables and fruits enough. Only quarter of respondents eat in school canteen everyday. Less than half of respondents assessed their health condition as excellent. The investigation revealed those, who are eating irregularly, more often catch a cold, complain of tiredness and headache.