This dissertation examines the influence of paramilitary professional cultural attributes on the speed at which disaster response organizations (DROs) recognize, respond, organize, and take action in the immediate aftermath of a disaster. Three agencies are examined: the U.S. Coast Guard, the Federal Emergency Management Agency, and the U.S. military's Southern Command/Joint Task Force-Haiti. The 2010 Haiti earthquake is used as a case study to explore the influence of three independent variables: (1) paramilitarism; (2) career ladders (i.e., recruitment and professional development of staff); and (3) workforce autonomy. The purpose is to determine if paramilitary cultures help or hinder an agency's speed into action, thereby helping improve the disaster response organizations of the future. In the case of Haiti, it finds that the combination of thick paramilitary culture, insider career ladders, and high workforce autonomy best enabled responders' speed into action. / Ph. D.

Rural Haiti provides an excellent case to study the human security crisis threatening women. Haitian women are often single mothers, leading average households of 4-6. In elected positions, female leadership is seldom recognized. With only 3.5% of parliament comprised of female leaders, policies decided at the state level seldom address the challenges women face in the countryside (HDI, 2017). Haiti has the highest mortality rate for children below the age of 5 and expectant mothers in the Western Hemisphere (WHO, 2017). This crisis is a significant one. When a mother struggles, both her life and her child's are threatened. Yet the human security crisis is not all we can learn from rural Haiti. We can also examine the unique ways women have chosen to respond to this crisis and the potential for female democratic agency. There is a significant lack of elected female officials in Haiti. This fact invites us to consider the impact rural Haitian females, such as the famn chay, are potentially making in Haiti. Famn chay are traditional birth attendants who assist mothers in their home deliveries. They are also first responders in times of crisis, providing meals to hungry families and using their collective resources to benefit children in need. Some famn chay, I suggest, are promoting an innovative form of democratic agency through their local community council, konsey kominote. Such form of agency does not focus on formal mechanisms of representation. Instead, threatened by growing social and income inequalities, this particular group has chosen to organize to address the human security crisis currently threatening women in rural Haiti. / MA / The human security crisis threatening women and children in rural Haiti has motivated Haitian traditional birth attendants known as the famn chay, to generate a response relative to the crisis and generate social change. This crisis is a significant one. When a mother struggles in childbirth, both the life of her and her child’s are threatened. Women in rural Haiti also face gender and economic inequalities. Despite these realities, the famn chay have chosen to mobilize and create what is known as a konsey kominote. Konsey kominote are community groups found throughout rural Haiti and are a key entry points for citizen engagement for many rural Haitians. This study seeks to examine the unique ways the famn chay have chosen to respond to the crisis through their konsey kominote and the potential for female democratic agency. There is a significant lack of elected female officials in Haiti. The historical roots of female gender discrimination stretch as far back as Haiti’s independence. By researching the impact rural Haitian females, such as the famn chay, are making in Haiti, we can begin to discover the potential for female democratic agency existing in rural Haiti.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / This study examines the evolution of the kin-based organization of Haitian migration to the U.S. and Canada during the Duvalier era. Using a model applicable to all migration, the study looks at two ways in which a hierarchy of interactive macrosystems shaped Haitian migration by generating constraints on choice. First, over a period of 290 years, the emerging world system, the European and U.S. empires, the Haitian national political-economy, and local political-economies have shaped Haiti's domestic systems. In doing this, they shaped the behavior patterns and ideology of kin units which make life decisions, thereby affecting migration choices. Second, at particular times, certain macrosystems, especially at the empire level, have strongly structured particular migration patterns, determining not only their direction but also, largely, their social organization. Structural conditions shaping migration to the U.S. and Canada between 1957 and 1986 encouraged kin-based organization. The specific Haitian forms of family and network processes, discovered through fifteen years of network observation and two years of intensive field work, stem from the traditions of the lakou, the extended family residential compound, which developed during the nineteenth century and disappeared during the mid-twentieth, due to land pressures from partible inheritance, ecological degradation, and U.S. penetration of the Haitian economy. Lakou traditions of joint action and solidarity among consanguineally-linked households inform current patterns of intense cooperation in migration among the nuclear family, the household, and a subset of the extended family, including adult siblings, their parents, and children. Migration structured through this form of social organization has numerous feedback effects on local and national political-economic and social systems in Haiti, the U.S., and Canada. The study concludes that migration evolves over time from the interaction of a hierarchy of political-economic macrosystems with domestic systems. The social and cultural processes as well as the political-economic processes generate and shape migration patterns. \ / 2999-01-01

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2018-08-06T12:58:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Francisco José Eboli Machado_.pdf: 1243477 bytes, checksum: eed7c3191e28e07e22aab21e27083e53 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T12:58:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Francisco José Eboli Machado_.pdf: 1243477 bytes, checksum: eed7c3191e28e07e22aab21e27083e53 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-28 / Nenhuma / A pesquisa procura compreender de que maneira o jornalismo, quando lida com a temática do futebol, aborda a complexidade de relações que vão além dos gramados. Para tanto, analiso a prática jornalística da imprensa esportiva na construção de suas narrativas sobre a participação do Pérolas Negras na Copa São Paulo de 2016. O trabalho está estruturado metodologicamente em cinco movimentos, sendo quatro movimentos de aproximação do problema de pesquisa e um movimento de análise do corpus, composto por doze matérias de sites variados. O paradigma da complexidade de Edgar Morin (1984, 2010, 2015), que foi transposto para o jornalismo por Mar de Fontcuberta (2006) serve como fio-condutor de sua construção. Acredito que em função do futebol se constituir em um fenômeno social e cultural de grande complexidade, deve ser trabalhado tanto pelo pesquisador quanto pelo jornalista de maneira multidimensional. Só assim é possível dar conta dos inúmeros aspectos a ele relacionados. Nos movimentos teóricos busco verificar o papel da imprensa esportiva na construção, reprodução e circulação das produções simbólicas ligadas ao futebol na sociedade brasileira. Reflito sobre a profissão de jogador de futebol no mundo globalizado e os fluxos migratórios da contemporaneidade, bem como em relação à maneira como a imprensa esportiva ajuda a construir uma idealização do futebol como um importante instrumento de ascensão social. Esse último aspecto, aliás, ficou nítida na análise do corpus, que também permitiu constatar a reprodução de uma série de estereótipos e lugares comuns em relação ao Haiti e aos haitianos, com uma forte tendência à vitimização e à reprodução do senso comum em relação ao país caribenho e seus habitantes, contribuindopara reforçar a estigmatização desses sujeitos. Dentro da perspectiva aqui adotada, é possível afirmar que a quase totalidade dos textos apenas reproduziram o olhar hegemônico e passaram longe da abordagem complexa que o jornalismo deveria adotar nas suas produções. / This research intends to understand how journalism works relating to complexity in reporting soccer. In these terms, we focused the narrative about Pérolas Negras participation in 2016’s Copa São Paulo. The methodological approach to the object produced five movements: four movements pointed to the research question. In the fifth we analyze twelve texts published in different websites. The theoretical perspective is founded on E. Morin's complexity paradigm (1984, 2010, 2015), applied to journalism studies by Mar de Fontcuberta (2006). Soccer as a complex social and cultural phenomenon means considering sports press role on building, reproduction and circulation of symbolic productions related to soccer in Brazilian society. Globalized context produced negative effects on soccer player profession and affected the contemporary migratory fluxes. Simultaneously, we verify the sport press constructing idealized images about soccer as an important instrument to social ascension. We also found several stereotypes and the use of common sense representations about Haiti and Haitians as victims. Finally, it is possible to sustain that majority of the articles analyzed just reproduces an hegemonic view without considering the complexity witch journalism could adopt in its productions.

The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the lived experience of suffering through the 2010 earthquake in Haiti. The experiences of 13 individuals who lived suffering through the 2010 earthquake in Haiti were elicited. Heideggerian hermeneutical phenomenology served as both the guiding philosophy and methodology for this research study, while Eriksson’s (1981) theory of caritative caring provided the caring science lens. Diekelmann, Allen, and Tanner’s (1989) seven-stage method of hermeneutical analysis provided the structure for data analysis. The relational themes that were interpreted were: Experiencing the Unimaginable, Awakening to a Changed Reality, Agonizing for Others, Compounding Losses, Finding a Way Forward, and Being Transformed. These six relational themes are illuminated and aesthetically re-presented in six watercolor paintings. The constitutive pattern Suffering With and For Others expressed the meaning of suffering for participants through the 2010 earthquake in Haiti as a lived experience. / Includes bibliography. / Dissertation (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2017. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

There are three main purposes for this thesis; the first is to distinguish the possible violations that can occur in time of natural disasters. The second is to analyze if there is a correlation between political systems and how the effected country handles the aftermath of a natural disaster. The third purpose is to determine the role of the global community and what responsibility lies with them. The issue is often that the aid becomes the main object for discussion and analysis, but the focus rarely shifts to the effected State. Therefore the focus in this essay is the political system and how they cope with the human rights violations that can occur in a time of natural disaster. The questions are; what human rights are at risk of being violated during a natural disaster? What general impact do the different political systems have on how they handle the human rights violations that arises? In which ways can other countries assist in a natural disaster and what responsibility do the global communities have?To be able to discuss human rights, it is necessary to know one perspective of how they came to be. For this purpose, this thesis will explain human rights from the perspectives of Jack Donnelly and Ronald Dworkin. They speak about rights and obligations; Donnelly means to say that all rights are universal and Dworkin put rights in a perspective of equal respect and concern. Some of the rights violated in the aftermath of the natural disaster were the right to a family life, the right to personal security and the right to ones property. When analyzing the political systems and the responsibility of the world in the consequences of a natural disaster, I applied Ulla Erikson-Zeterqvists explanation of early institutional theory that implies tree conditions that make an organization successful. The first condition is where the administrative control lays, second the commitment of grassroots organizations and third, the participation of the local community. In this analysis the conclusion is that the political system is not the main factor in upholding human rights. The main factor is the stability of the State and what the State is willing to do for its citizens. The stability of the States determines the standard for what human rights mean and how the aid is structured. If the State is corrupted it makes it harder for the global community to assist. The countries history affects their behavior and in a time of crisis, the States true commitment is shown.

Orientador: Ricardo Abid Castillo / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociências / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T00:26:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Altineus_Francky_M.pdf: 2300700 bytes, checksum: eaa3fb15e0508eee164038b31bb7665a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Résumé: L'objectif général de ce travail consiste à analyser l'espace agraire haïtien, tout en considérant la production du riz dans le département de l'Artibonite comme le point essentiel. Ce travail est organisé selon trois parties: la première partie s'intéresse à étudier la production agricole et les principales caractéristiques des campagnes haïtiennes. Et, elle nous propose d'identifier un certain nombre de blocage naturel et historique qui entravent la modernisation de l'agriculture haïtienne et le développement du pays, comme les conditions naturelles défavorables, les inégalités sociales et économiques structurelles et faible intervention de l'État dans ce domaine. Dans la deuxième partie, nous analysons la question agraire dans le pays, qui a été toujours un problème particulièrement crucial dans l'histoire économique et sociale du pays depuis son accession à l'indépendance en 1804 à nos jours. Dans la troisième partie, on propose une étude sur la production du riz dans le département de l'Artibonite. Notre étude nous montre malgré les contraintes structurelles et naturelles rencontrées dans la production du riz, la Vallée de l'Artibonite joue un rôle important en matière d'approvisionnement en riz local / Resumo: O objetivo geral deste trabalho é analisar o espaço agrário no Haiti, considerando a produção de arroz no departamento de Artibonite como ponto principal. Este trabalho está dividido em três partes: a primeira se interessa em estudar a produção agrícola e as principais características do campo haitiano. Ela nos permite identificar um conjunto de problemas naturais e históricos que prejudicam a modernização da agricultura haitiana e o desenvolvimento do país. Problemas como condições naturais desfavoráveis, desigualdades sociais e econômicas estruturais e inanição do Estado no setor agrário. Na segunda parte, analisamos a questão agrária no país, que tem sido sempre uma questão particularmente importante na história social e econômica do país desde a sua independência em 1804 até hoje. Na terceira parte, propomos um estudo sobre a produção de arroz no departamento de Artibonite. Nosso estudo mostra que apesar dos problemas estruturais e naturais na produção de arroz, o Vale do Artibonite desempenha um papel importante no abastecimento local de arroz / Mestrado / Análise Ambiental e Dinâmica Territorial / Mestre em Geografia

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This thesis entitled Umoya Wamagama endeavors to establish the nature of the relationship between IsiZulu and Haitian Kreyòl. As a member of the Nguni group, IsiZulu is spoken by Africans. On the other side, Kreyòl is spoken by African descendants of Haiti, the world's first Black independent Republic. Viewed from a multidisciplinary perspective, these two languages exhibit a significant relationship, hence this important observation: IsiZulu- Haitian Krèyol: So Close, Yet So Far! In other words, they are far from a linguistic point of view but close from a psycho-theological perspective. * So Far: Comparative linguistics shows that Kreyòl is genetically related to French and Latin. * So Close: Born in Haiti during the Trans Atlantic Slave Trade, Kreyòl keeps alive the spirit of the African ancestors and still contains linguistic roots of ancestral languages. Vital and vibrant is this historical relatedness linking the two languages. While Haitian Kreyòl is genetically related to French and Latin, it shares with IsiZulu an ancestral psychodynamic and theological paradigms deeply rooted in Ubuntu. Umuntu ngumuntu ngabantu. These words crystallize the essence of Ubuntu. Its psychological and theological study transcends the literal language. In that regard Umoya Wamagama refers to both literal and figurative linguistic expressions. The emphasis however is more on the words which connote additional layers of meaning rather than those which simply denote their meanings. The method used in this thesis is comparative, descriptive, investigative, analytic and exegetic when necessary. Providing evidence of linguistic relationships, the comparative and analytic approach then embraces the semantic field of IsiZulu-Kreyòl as a significant psycholexicology where explanations puts an emphasis on the meaning and the spirit of the words. Siye ngomoya wamagama. Hence, the core question of addressing the psychological and theological dimensions of this research which is based on a multidisciplinary approach. After 500 years, in the wake of European colonial expansion, the Spirit of the African slaves is still alive in the psyche and the language of the Haitian people. As we said above: Yize isiKreyòl saseHaiti sifuze nesiFulentshi nesiLatini, sabelana nesiZulu ngokwemisuka nangokwezimiso zezinkolelo okunezimpande ezijulile emfundisweni yobuntu. IsiZulu and Kreyòl are related through an ancestral psychodynamic and theological paradigms rooted in Ubuntu. / African Languages / D. Litt. et Phil. (African Languages)