Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:28:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-12-15Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:15:59Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 matijascic_vb_me_mar.pdf: 427096 bytes, checksum: f3fc2ea8baf38e6a4af5a835efe387fd (MD5) / Esta dissertação é uma aálise do contexto e dos fatores que levaram à aprovação e envio da primeira operação de manutenção de paz das Nações Unidas ao Haiti no início da década de 1990, bem como busca verificar se os pontos do mandato aprovado pelo Conselho de Segurança foram cumpridos e sob quais condições. Analisamos as negociações mediadas por atores internacionais - como a Organização das Nações Unidas, a Organização dos Estados Americanos e os Estados Unidos - e os resultados obtidos pelas partes envolvidas no conflito: Jean-Bertrand Aristide e autoridades militares e políticas haitianas. / This thesis is an analysis of the context and factors that led to the approval and sending of the first UN peace-keeping operation in Haiti at the beginning of the 1990's, as well as it is an attempt to certificate if the goals of the mandate approved by the Security Council were accomplished and under what conditions. We reviewed the negotiations mediated by United States - and the results achieved by thr parties in conflit: Jean-Bertrand Aristide and Haitian political and military authorities.

Submitted by Elesbão Santiago Neto (neto10uepb@cche.uepb.edu.br) on 2018-07-17T15:17:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Wemblley Lucena de Araújo.pdf: 40140583 bytes, checksum: 0c11a5dac2db6c840c56a65b28f31609 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-17T15:17:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Wemblley Lucena de Araújo.pdf: 40140583 bytes, checksum: 0c11a5dac2db6c840c56a65b28f31609 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-07-18 / CAPES / The present dissertation aims to analyze the position of Brazil in the Security Council (SC) of the United Nations (UN) about the peace operations in Haiti and East Timor. Since its first performances until the latest mandates in United Nations Security Council (UNSC), the Brazil intends to integrate this body of definite form and from that status, raising its prestige and influence in the international arena. The Brazilian claims due to a permanent seat on the UNSC defend security at the regional level (Haiti - Latin America and the Caribbean) and the strengthening of procedures for cooperation with the countries of the region (Haiti) and the Community of Portuguese Speaking Countries - CPLP (East Timor) – are characterized as axes that reinvigorate the importance of Brazil's role within the UNSC. Thus, Haiti and East Timor are emblematic cases of engagement of Brazilian foreign policy in troubled conflict scenarios and systematically discussed in the UNSC. Thus, based on the use of a descriptive, analytical and qualitative methodology, the central objective of this dissertation is to analyze the Brazilian position in the UNSC about the discussions on peace operations in Haiti and East Timor, and from that position, discuss the main paradigmatic elements that contribute to the understanding of Brazilian foreign policy. / A presente dissertação tem como propósito analisar a posição do Brasil no Conselho de Segurança (CS) da Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU) sobre as operações de paz no Haiti e no Timor Leste. Desde suas primeiras atuações no Conselho de Segurança das Nações Unidas (CSNU) aos mandatos mais recentes, o Brasil intenciona integrar de forma definitiva nesse organismo e a partir desse status, elevar o seu prestígio e a sua influência no cenário internacional. As pretensões brasileiras em função de um assento permanente no CSNU, na defesa da segurança no âmbito regional (Haiti – América Latina e Caribe) e no fortalecimento dos processos de cooperação com os países da região (Haiti) e da Comunidade dos Países de Língua Portuguesa – CPLP (Timor Leste) – se configuram como eixos que revigoram a importância da atuação do Brasil no âmbito do CSNU. Desse modo, o Haiti e o Timor Leste constituem casos emblemáticos do engajamento da política externa brasileira em cenários conturbados por conflitos e sistematicamente discutidos no âmbito do CSNU. Dessa forma, baseando-se na utilização de uma metodologia descritiva, analítica e qualitativa, o objetivo central dessa dissertação consiste em analisar o posicionamento brasileiro no CSNU diante das discussões sobre as operações de paz no Haiti e no Timor Leste, e a partir desse posicionamento, discutir os principais elementos paradigmáticos que contribuem para o entendimento da política externa brasileira.

Orientador: Tânia Maria Alkmim / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T05:10:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Caisse_PeterThomas_M.pdf: 1522538 bytes, checksum: e32efcde7b77ebf5203db6f4485d6d66 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: O Haiti e a Luisiana são ligados por vários paralelos sociohistóricos. Ambos sofreram colonização francesa e espanhola, sendo mais marcados pela primeira. Nos dois lugares foi implantada a economia plantation na qual a mão-de-obra era de escravos do oeste da África. A organização social e demográfica resultante - isto é, uma população majoritariamente escrava e linguisticamente diversa que tinha contato limitado com os senhores franceses - levou à formação de dois crioulos franceses distintos e estruturalmente parecidos. Contudo, apesar dessas semelhanças do período colonial, atualmente, o crioulo haitiano é o crioulo mais falado do mundo e o crioulo da Luisiana está moribundo. Neste trabalho, examinam-se quais foram os motivos sociohistóricos do período pós-colonial que resultaram nessas duas realidades contrastantes, tratando da política linguística, especificamente a legislação linguística, a padronização e a educação, e de questões acerca de atitudes linguísticas, além de considerações mais práticas - geográficas e socioeconômicas - envolvidas na formação da vitalidade de uma língua / Abstract: Haiti and Louisiana are connected via a number of sociohistorical parallels. Both were colonized by the French and the Spanish, but were much more culturally and linguistically influenced by the French presence. In both places, the plantation economy system took hold with a labor force comprised of West African slaves. The resulting social organization and demography - i.e. a linguistically diverse slave majority with limited contact with their French masters - lead to the formation of two distinct but structurally similar French creoles. However, despite these similarities between Haiti and Louisiana during the colonial period, Haitian Creole is currently the most spoken creole language in the world while Louisiana Creole is moribund. In this thesis, the sociohistorical factors of the post-colonial period that resulted in these two contrasting linguistic realities are examined, with an analysis of the language policy - specifically language legislation, standardization, and education - and its impact, as well as that of language attitudes and of more practical issues such as geography and economics, in shaping the vitality of these two languages / Mestrado / Linguistica / Mestre em Linguística

Orientador: Prof. Dr. Gilberto Marcos Antonio Rodrigues / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Humanas e Sociais, Santo André, 2018.

When an earthquake happens, one of the most important tasks of disaster managers is to conduct damage assessment; this is mostly done from remotely sensed data. This study presents a new method for building detection and damage assessment using high-resolution satellite images and LiDAR data from Port-au-Prince, Haiti. A graph-cut method is used for building detection due to its advantages compared to traditional methods such as the Hough transform. Results of two methods are compared to understand how much our proposed technique is effective. Afterwards, sensitivity analysis is performed to show the effect of image resolution on the efficiency of our method. Results are in four groups. First: based on two criteria for sensitivity analysis, completeness and correctness, the more efficient method is graph-cut, and the final building mask layer is used for damage assessment. Next, building damage assessment is done using change detection technique from two images from period of before and after the earthquake. Third, to integrate LiDAR data and damage assessment, we showed there is a strong relationship between terrain roughness variables that are calculated using digital surface models. Finally, open street map and normalized digital surface model are used to detect possible road blockages. Results of detecting road blockages showed positive values of normalized digital surface model on the road centerline can represent blockages if we exclude other objects such as cars.

Severe recovery deficits after post-disaster interventions have become the landscape seen globally. Humanitarian operations have struggled to find coherence between relief and recovery activities, which has resulted in a perceived operational gap between relief, recovery and development. This current dynamic has caused significant deficiencies within humanitarian programming, such as weak strategy, a lack of transition mechanisms, exit plans and effective recovery. A situation that stems from the current paradigm the humanitarian system operates under and the framework that has evolved around it. Supporting the development of adaptive resilience of a disaster-affected population, within the humanitarian sphere, has been theoretically posed to be fundamental for recovery; a programmatic consideration that could ensure former weak resilience would not hinder post-disaster recovery. Therefore, could a resilience building approach offer much needed solutions to the challenge of recovery within post-disaster contexts? This research aimed to understand whether resilience building within post-disaster environments could increase potential recovery of disaster affected populations and whether it is feasible to build individual/household (HH) level resilience through emergency response operations? The research looked specifically at adaptive resilience at the individual/HH level, clarifying the concept and understanding its modality in order to operationalise it within humanitarian programming. The common barriers to recovery experienced by individuals/HH in a crisis event were gauged, and the relationship between adaptive resilience and recovery determined. A unique singular case study was used to collect quantitative and qualitative data required to answer the key objectives of this research. The case study chosen was the 2010 Haiti earthquake response. Primary data was collected over a 7 months period through 37 semi-structured interviews and 31 online questionnaires with donors, government, INGOs, LNGOs and the private sector, that were operating within the Haiti response, and 18 disaster affected community members within a community discussion forum. Bringing a total participation of 86 individuals and organisations. An in-depth case study was developed in order to offer an evidence base for the proposed theory, that supporting adaptive resilience through emergency response programming has the ability to stimulate recovery. A new data collection tool was trialed within the community discussion forum, namely the Sociogram. This tool looked to assess the main components of adaptive resilience. Methodological rigour was introduced through the use of methodological and data triangulation to ensure validity and reliability of the research. The research successfully identified the main barriers to recovery, pinpointed the key components for adaptive resilience and the influence of emergency programming on the development of adaptive resilience, establishing the relationship between them. The role emergency response operations can play in the development of adaptive resilience was then explored. It has been demonstrated that to ensure recovery and allow for a more resilient society to evolve, adaptive resilience needs to be and can be supported and developed within emergency response operations. The research has been able to demonstrate, through the analysis of the Shelter and WASH response undertaken in Haiti, that developing resilience in the post-disaster environment is possible and an approach that is able to improve strategy within emergency response operations. Improvements would be seen in the provision of essential services within the response, a substantial increase in transitional and exit options and an increased capacity to proactively stimulate rapid recovery. This strategic approach to emergency response programming has the ability to offer the coherence needed between relief, recovery and development. Determining that a resilience building approach within emergency response operations could be the missing link or resolution to the perceived operational gap between relief, recovery and development. Pursuing a resilience building approach has the potential to bring much needed cultural change within the humanitarian sector that will shape operations for a more strategic and successful future.

糧食安全援助與非營利組織之研究 / The International Organizations the same as the non-profit organizations are aware of how much this issue matter around the world and the government from the different more vulnerable countries represent in many cases, the principal problem that difficulties the work of the non-profit sector. There is a clear need to build a new system strategy for each bloc according to their characteristics in order to apply the correct plan for ensuring the food access for all the people as equals, but there is no doubt that the income inequality is a social issue that affects every country in the world and that also bring consequences for the food security of the people in countries such as Haiti. This topic was selected for its importance worldwide, in order to analyze the type of work of the non-profit organizations in the food security sector as aid channels in Latin American and the Caribbean regions, and how their partnership with government agencies and international organizations is indispensable for the complementation of the work. And the research finding of the two cases study is about the capacity of sustainability that the farmers of the countries can reach through the aid for food security provided by the non-profit organizations, and on the other hand, the dependency that the aid provided can cause in the donors (in the case of Haiti). The potential that both regions have to improve the food security and develop the agricultural sector, but also explaining the case of the most poor countries in each region (Nicaragua and Haiti), both cases study serve to compare the different activities of the NPO and how their work affect the sustainability and development of the beneficiaries in the field of food security.

The concentration of the population and socioeconomic activities in the Metropolitan Area of Port au Prince (MAPAP) in Haiti has a negative impact within MAPAP and on the socioeconomic development of the entire country. This phenomenon, known as urban primacy, is increasing at an unprecedented rate in developing countries. Urban primacy in the Third World is explained by scholars studying the phenomenon and by dependency theorists. Economic decentralization, based on growth pole theory, is one of the most frequently used policies for slowing the growth of primate cities by focusing on development poles. In Haiti, the potential growth poles are the regional capitals that have a constitutional mandate to promote and manage the development of their region. I have tested some of the assumptions of dependency and growth pole theories on Haiti, using the eight regional capitals as units of analysis. Using migration, geographic, and socioeconomic data, I have identified the strongest poles and explained their attraction power and formulated policy recommendations that will increase the chances of successfully implementing economic decentralization. The research design is the case study. The data show that MAPAP overshadows the regional capitals at the national level and within the capitals' own region, except for Cap Haïtien. However, the regional capitals are the primary destinations for migrants within their regions. The strongest poles are Cap Haïtien, Gonaives, and Port de Paix. Their attraction power is explained primarily by their population size and by their connections to the international market. Due to the selection criteria of the units of analysis and the limitations of the data used, the support and rejection of the growth pole and dependency theories hypotheses are not conclusive for the testing of these theories in Haiti or the Third World. The Haitian government needs to be more aggressive in addressing the consequences of urban primacy by implementing a comprehensive economic decentralization. The January 12, 2010, earthquake brought light on the issues raised by this study. Fortunately, the Haitian government has expressed its vision for the rebuilding of Haiti with an emphasis on decentralizing socioeconomic activities outside of MAPAP.

The object of this thesis is to focus on one of the valued-based agendas of the international relations --humanitarian aid. This topic is narrowed to the actions of non- and inter-governmental organizations. It as well contains the analysis of campaign framing of these organizations. The main task is to evaluate the success of humanitarian actions on the disaster in Haiti. The thesis includes a questionnaire that should find out how do the humanitarian organizations and their campaigns influence public opinion.

Orientador: João Carlos Soares Zuin / Banca: Renata Medeiros Paoiello / Banca: Dagoberto José Fonseca / Banca: Luís Renato Vedovato / Banca: Maria José de Resende / Resumo: A imigração haitiana para o Brasil tem fluxo considerável a partir de 2010 com a crise humanitária em consequência do terremoto que devastou o país. No entanto, a migração haitiana é um fenômeno que ocorre há pelo menos um século, desde a ocupação americana entre 1915 e 1934. O Brasil entra na rota da migração haitiana devido a um fortalecimento dos laços diplomáticos entre Brasil e Haiti e pela presença brasileira na ilha de 2004 a 2017, em que o Brasil teve o comando militar da MINUSTAH. A imigração foi inicialmente por via terrestre, pelas cidades de fronteira, no norte do país, Tabatinga - AM, Brasileia e Assis Brasil - AC. Depois de grave crise de superlotação em abrigos nestas cidades, os migrantes foram enviados por iniciativa do governo do Acre a outros estados sem aviso prévio às autoridades. Apenas em 2015, o governo brasileiro decide aumentar o número de concessão de vistos por razões humanitárias no Haiti, aumentando a entrada por via aérea com destino a outras capitais. Esta pesquisa perpassou o contexto histórico e social desta imigração haitiana para o Brasil, assim como procurou situá-la dentro de um contexto global de migrações potencializadas nas últimas décadas. A internacionalização do mercado, a desregulamentação e desnacionalização de legislações dos Estados-nação, a ocupação militar constante em diversos países periféricos e o deslocamento de empresas provocaram um fluxo cada vez maior de migrantes trabalhadores, refugiados e deslocados ambientais. E pr... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Abstract: The Haitian immigration to Brazil has a considerable flow from 2010 with the humanitarian crisis because of the earthquake that devastated the country. However, Haitian migration is a phenomenon that has been occurring for at least a century since the American occupation between 1915 and 1934. Brazil enters the route of Haitian migration due to a strengthening of the diplomatic ties between Brazil and Haiti and the Brazilian presence in island from 2004 to 2017, in which Brazil had MINUSTAH military command. Immigration was initially by land, through the border cities, in the north of the country, Tabatinga - AM, Brasileia and Assis Brasil - AC. After a severe crisis of overcrowding in shelters in these cities, the migrants were sent on the initiative of the Acre government to other states without prior notice to the authorities. In 2015 alone, the Brazilian government decides to increase the number of visas for humanitarian reasons in Haiti by increasing admission by air to other capitals. This research has spanned the historical and social context of this Haitian immigration to Brazil, as well as sought to situate it within a global context of migrations enhanced in the last decades. Internationalization of the market, deregulation and denationalization of nation-state legislation, constant military occupation in several peripheral countries, and the displacement of businesses have led to an increasing flow of migrant workers, refugees and environmental displaced ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor