Thesis (M.B.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 177-178).

Cette étude présente de nouvelles données sur la déglaciation et l'évolution côtière holocène du sud-est de l'île de Southampton (nord de la baie d'Hudson). La déglaciation du secteur s'est produite entre 8,3 et 8,2 ka BP ce qui indique une déglaciation rapide et synchrone du nord-ouest et du sud-est la baie d'Hudson. La présence de chenaux marginaux sur du till indique un changement dans le régime thermique du glacier pendant la déglaciation, lequel a engendré le passage d'une glace à base tempérée à base froide. L'émersion est continue pendant l'Holocène et se poursuit encore aujourd'hui. Les plages soulevées de l'île sont particulièrement bien développées et sont situées dans les secteurs de roches calcaires. Un important épisode de crue d'eaux de fonte glaciaire a érodé de grandes séries de plages soulevées. Cette crue provenant d'une calotte glaciaire résiduelle située sur le plateau Melville correspond au dernier stade de la présence de glace sur l'île à 6,7-6,6 ka BP. Cette étude démontre aussi que le secteur de Coral Harbour n'est pas sensible à l'érosion pouvant être causées par des changements climatiques, car le village est construit sur du gneiss et sur une mince couche de sédiments sableux non gélifs.

published_or_final_version / abstract / Earth Sciences / Master / Master of Philosophy

Redeveloping centrally located waterfronts took of properly in the late 1990’s. Before that, the old brownfields were left untouched for years, often resulting in the connection between them and the city centre worsening. The thesis aims to explore strategies and approaches for waterfront developments. This was done by analysing the strategies used whilst planning the following three sites; Västra Hamnen in Malmö, Nordhavn in Copenhagen and Cardiff Bay in Cardiff. In addition to this, a waterfront site in Gothenburg was chosen and used to put the theoretical discoveries into practice. The theoretical foundation is made up of a literature and document study, where the three case studies and the designated site acted as the main topics of research along with general information about waterfronts and architectural and cultural heritage. The case studies were analysed using a combination of field studies and a literature study. A matrix consisting of ten columns and four rows was created and used as a base for analysing the approaches of the three cities. The site analysis was done with the help of a document study and field study. Both field studies were executed using the method of walk-throughs. The thesis resulted in six suggestions for future actions when redeveloping waterfronts as well as an urban framework proposal. The results are meant to work as a basis for future projects. / Utvecklingen av centralt belägna hamnområden tog fart ordentligt under det sena 1990-talet. De gamla industriområdena hade innan dess inte prioriterats, något som ofta resulterade i att förbindelserna mellan dem och stadskärnan försämrades. Syftet med uppsatsen är att utforska strategier och tillvägagångssätt som används vid utveckling av hamnområden. Detta gjordes genom att analysera de strategier som använts under planeringsfasen av tre olika stadsdelar; Västra Hamnen i Malmö, Nordhavn i Köpenhamn och Cardiff Bay i Cardiff. Utöver detta valdes ett hamnområde ut i Göteborg som användes för att använda den teoretiska informationen i praktiken. Den teoretiska basen är uppbyggd av en litteratur- och dokumentstudie, där de tre stadsdelarna och den utvalda projektplatsen figurerade som de huvudsakliga forskningsobjekten, tillsammans med generell information om vattennära områden tillsammans med arkitektoniskt och kulturellt arv. De tre stadsdelarna analyserades med hjälp av fältstudier i kombination med en litteraturstudie. En matris med 10 olika teman skapades även för att bättre utforska dem. Analysen av projektplatsen genomfördes även den med hjälp av en dokumentstudie och fältstudier. Alla fältstudierna genomfördes genom att följa metoden för gåturer. Forskningen resulterade i framtagningen av sex stycken förslag på framtida åtgärder vid förnyelse av hamnmiljöer tillsammans med ett förslag för en urban struktur för Gullbergsvass. Resultaten är tänkta att användas som bas för fortsatta studier.

In this paper, I discuss layer 23 from the 2015 excavation at the harbor in the black earth, Birka, through identification and conservation of a number of iron objects from this specific layer. These objects are in many cases broken and worn out, which indicates that they have been thrown away on purpose. Traces of bone and charcoal in the layer supports the idea that the harbor has been a place where people left their waste. Many of these excavated objects can be related to craftsmanship and/or the ships gear.

Durban is the busiest container port in Africa and there are plans for significant expansion during the next few years. This expansion includes the widening of the port entrance channel to accommodate larger "post-panamax" vessels. Complex crosscurrents near the port entrance, coupled with severe wind and wave conditions, may lead to the intermittent closure of the port which in turn could lead to significant economic implications. Information on the nature of the crosscurrents and how they affect the ships could assist harbour pilots in developing their skills and reduce the risks associated with steering ships into the port. The research involved a case study to develop an innovative new method for directly measuring the effect of wind, waves and crosscurrents on ships entering the port. The technology is based on the application of digital image processing to track the position of ships as they manoeuvre in the port approach channel. The key innovation of this research is the extraction of the heading direction of the ship from the image data. The angle between this heading direction and the true velocity vector (the "crab angle") is then a direct measure of the cross-track drift velocity (CTDV) due to the combined effects of wind, waves and currents. The crosscurrents are usually the main contributing factor to the cross-track drift. The aim of this research was to develop a fully automated image processing system for real-time ship monitoring, and to determine cross-track drift within a wide range of weather conditions and ship parameters. The methodology presented in this research allows the spatial structure of the CTDV along the harbour approach channel to be studied. The relationship of the CTDV to local surface winds was analysed. For deep draught vessels, measured CTDVs were found to be poorly correlated to surface winds. The spatial structure of the measured CTDVs shows distinct regions along the approach channel where vessels experience significantly larger drift velocities. In summary, with the software tools developed by this research, digital images can be captured automatically and analysed to produce ship tracks and crab angles. From this information an extensive database for ship manoeuvring in the approach channel can be developed and the safety and efficiency of port operations improved. / Thesis (M.Sc.Eng.)-University of Natal, Durban, 2002.

Tendo em vista a importância das obras portuárias e costeiras no desenvolvimento do país e a complexidade dos fenômenos que regem os Processos Litorâneos, torna-se relevante a utilização de modelos físicos, como os canais de ondas, para otimização destes projetos. Neste sentido, os principais objetivos desta Tese são o desenvolvimento de um sistema de controle para o gerador de ondas do Laboratório de Hidráulica da Escola Politécnica da Universidade de São Paulo - LHEPUSP, capaz de gerar ondas irregulares, baseadas em espectros de energia da agitação, bem como, a partir de um estudo com caso de um molhe de berma, avaliar do ponto de vista técnico o procedimento de dimensionamento de quebra-mares com base no ensaio da estrutura frente a ondas regulares com as características da onda significativa de projeto. Uma das contribuições desta Tese é o novo sistema de controle da geração de ondas do LHEPUSP, que é capaz de gerar ondas regulares, irregulares e randômicas. A outra contribuição, referente ao estudo de caso, permitiu concluir que o emprego de ondas regulares na otimização em modelo físico de projetos de quebra-mares pode levar a dimensionamentos conservadores, e portanto de custo mais alto, principalmente no dimensionamento de obras dispostas em profundidades inferiores aos 10 m, onde foram encontradas diferenças para mais no recuo da estrutura, comparativamente com a ação de ondas irregulares de mesma altura significativa. / Considering the harbour and coastal structures significance for the Country development and the complex Littoral Processes phenomena, is an important requirement the physical models use, like wave flumes, to improve these designs. Following this context, the Thesis main purposes are to develop a wave maker control system for the Laboratório de Hidráulica da Escola Politécnica da Universidade de São Paulo - LHEPUSP wave fume able to generate irregular waves, based on wave energy spectra, and also, from a berm jetty case study, evaluate, from the technical point of view, the breakwater design procedure based on structure tests with design significative regular waves. One of the Thesis contribution is the new wave maker control system for the LHEPUSP wave fume able to generate regular, irregular and randomic waves. The other contribution, about the case study, showed as conclusion that the regular waves use for breakwaters design physical model improvement may suggest conservative results, inducing high cost structures, mainly for those ones in depths lower than 10 m, being observed larger structural backward response differences, comparing with irregular waves action with the same significative height.

Studies were conducted to broadly describe and understand the sediment benthos of a shallow-water coastal area (Aramoana Beach - Heyward Point - Blueskin Bay) near the entrance to Otago Harbour, a system largely representative for southeastern New Zealand. Benthic assemblages were examined in relation to gradients of wave exposure and disturbance, sediment type and bathymetry, and dredge-spoil disposal. Sediment and macrofaunal surveys in autumn and spring 2003 found little change in sediment texture gradients from historical studies and a lack of vertical stratification. Macrobenthic samples from spring produced significantly higher abundances of three numerically dominant phyla (Arthropoda, Annelida, and Mollusca) and higher taxon richness compared to autumn. Within water depths of 6-30 m, abundance, richness, and diversity increased with depth. Multivariate analyses identified similar assemblages among deeper sites, despite sediment textural differences, whereas distinct assemblages were found in the shallow portions of the three areas. Meiofaunal abundance patterns did not reflect those of macrofauna, possibly indicating greater vertical penetration of sediments in these hydrodynamic environments. Several new kinorhynch taxa were found. In a field manipulation, part of the Aramoana dredge-spoil dumpground was protected from spoil disposal for an extended period followed by experimental dumping of sandy and muddy spoil. Macrofaunal samples were collected before dumping and at nine sites < 119 d after disposal. Water velocities at the sediment-water interface were compared to a local sediment disturbance model. Dumpground samples were depauperate in individuals and taxa compared to an area protected from dumping for > 180 d. A drop in abundance and a dissimilar community coincided with muddy spoil, but fine sediments were dispersed within 26 d and macrofaunal assemblages recovered to the pre-existing state. Sandy spoil, while not altering native sediment textures, had a more prolonged impact due to transplantation of macrofauna from the dredged area that persisted for < 41 d after disposal. Side-scan sonar mapping indicated that the disposal footprint model used approximated the extent of sandy spoil impacts well, while local conditions spread muddy sediments beyond the initial impact site. A novel sediment profile imaging device was constructed that has many advantages over existing devices for spoil mound studies and habitat mapping: it is smaller, can be manually deployed from small boats, is cheaper, and can be modified to work in almost any soft sediment. Studies of one dominant taxon, the gastropod Zethalia zelandica, showed it was better able to survive sand burial than mud burial, did not vary in overall activity through a range of 5-14� C, and contributed a large proportion of biomass of its community. The spoil disposal strategy used does not appear as environmentally neutral as originally thought. Only muds are effectively dispersed whereas coarser sediments accumulate, affecting physical and biological benthic processes of a wider area. Two mitigation strategies were evaluated using a heuristic model. Reducing the disposal area and spreading mud disposal events over a longer time span may be an effective interim strategy. Overall, the studies will help guide management of the area.

Set on a farm on the Kaipara Harbour of Northland, New Zealand, this novel traces the lives of a family over a six year period near the end of the twentieth century. Themes include: Scottish and Croatian-Dalmatian immigration, Māori spiritual and cultural values, the weaving and assimilation of diverse cultures into a vibrant new culture, the economics of farming on marginal lands, father-son relationships, sibling rivalry, marijuana cultivation and the disparities between urban and rural lifestyles and expectations. The plotline follows the frustrations and subsequent actions of the eldest son as he seeks a future, which he realises is dependent on his acquiring the family farm. His impulsive behaviour leads to the climax of the story and puts himself and other members of the family in jeopardy and risks the family losing the farm altogether.

<p>Denna uppsats behandlar innerstadens kajer i Stockholm. Syftet är att analysera hur innerstadens kajer fungerar som offentliga rum och hur de uppfattas av stadens invånare. Källmaterialet består till stor del av plandokument samt av intervjuer med både tjänstemän och stadens invånare.  En fallstudie vid en av innerstadens kajer har genomförts för att på ett tydligare sätt förstå kajernas dynamik. Resultaten från uppsatsen visar att planeringen kring kajområdena är splittrad och uppdelad mellan många olika instanser. Denna uppdelning tycks ge kajerna dess fysiska och psykiska utseende som antingen uppskattas eller ogillas av stadens invånare. Som offentliga rum fungerar kajerna på flera sätt, bland annat finns en osäkerhet och en kamp om rummet vilket skapar en dynamik som gör platserna levande och fungerande.</p>