Den personliga integriteten på internet har de senaste decennierna växt fram till att bli en existensiell fråga för många privatpersoner. För att värna om EU medborgarnas integritet och det fria flödet av information upprättade EU, The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) 2018. En konsekvens av detta är att företag måste utföra en rad kostsamma aktiviteter för att skydda sina kunders personliga data. Görs detta inte på ett korrekt sätt kan företag räkna med dryga böter. Privacy One har skapat en patenterad säkerhetslösning på Google Markets vid namn Harpoctates för att adressera problemet. Trots att marknaden har ett behov, och det finns en lösning anser företaget det är svårt att hitta kunder. Det är inte ensam, endast 14 % av små och medelstora företag ser digital affärsutveckling som en effektiv lösning, trots att det i många fall är viktigare HUR företag gör affärer, än VAD de gör. Denna studie ska besvara vad som skapar värde i en digital affärsmodell. Baserat på en positivistisk världssyn, induktiv metod och kvalitativ ansats bygger denna uppsats på en fallstudie av Privacy One. I syfte att skapa en repeterbar och skalbar affärsmodell baser sig teorin på företagets värdeskapande faktorer och marknadspositionering. Trots att Privacy One har en produkt i tiden visar resultatet på att företagets fokus är otydligt. Genom att fokusera på en nischad marknad, exempelvis skola kan företaget skapa ett gott renommé och goda kundreferenser. Något som ger skalbarhet då Privacy One kan sälja sin mjukvara utan att först skapa förtroende hos kunden genom utbildning eller kurs i GDPR. Privacy One kan därmed bygga sin marknadsposition, bredda portföljen och expandera till andra verksamhetsområden. Vad betyder det här för andra företag som ämnar ta efter processen att skapa en digital affärsmodell? 1. Analysera vart företaget befinner sig på en normalfördelningskurva i syfte att hitta en startpunkt. 2. Skapa en målbild, en plats på marknaden där företaget kan skaffa sig en dominerande marknadsposition. 3. Formulera företagets värdeskapare baserat på företagets position och målbild. Utveckla en digital affärsmodell för målgruppen.

High-tech (HT) innovation-oriented entrepreneurs start 35% more ventures and create 10% more jobs in the first 5 years of operation than the rest of the private sector and drive significant economic growth across all industries; however, more than 50% of the entrepreneurial HT ventures fail during the first 5 years of operations. Guided by the conceptual framework of transformational leadership theory, the purpose of this multicase study was to explore skills used by successful entrepreneurial leaders to sustain their HT ventures in Silicon Valley, California. Data collection was from 8 participants in semistructured 1-on-1 interviews and 3 participants in a focus group discussion. All participants were entrepreneurial leaders with experience in sustaining their entrepreneurial ventures beyond 5 years. A thematic data analysis approach involved text search, content coding to nodes, and code comparison techniques of collected data to extract themes and identify relationships in the findings. The emergent 4 leadership skill themes for HT entrepreneurial venture sustainability were the recruitment of the right team, situational adaptability, market orientation, and providing innovation stimulation. The right team can resourcefully assist the leader to execute market-leading competitive products and overcome challenges in the dynamic and intensely competitive and innovative HT industry. A culture of openness, ownership, and trust is conducive to the sustainability of an HT venture. Findings from this study may contribute to social change by promoting the formation of new HT ventures, increasing job creation, reducing work stressors, improving quality of life with innovative and cost-effective products, and services in healthcare, infrastructure, personal safety, education, and communications.

Presented dissertation is involved in the knowledge management in high-tech companies in the Czech Republic. The work with knowledge influences all areas in the company. Evaluation of formulated strategy and arrangement of development of conditions, resulting in future sustainability, are essential in the context of business success. The topic aims at organized use of knowledge in the company management activities; the emphasis is put on key factors of knowledge management. The primary objective of said dissertation thesis has been the elaboration of methodology of incorporation of elements of knowledge management into the management activities within the framework of business concept in the Czech high-tech sector. Partial objectives have been determined in closed link. Definition of objectives of the dissertation and individual hypotheses has been based on secondary research. On the basis of primary research, combining both qualitative and quantitative methods, partial conclusions have been outlined. Results of a case study and small group discussion have been applied for questionnaire investigation, supported also by theoretical knowledge. Recommendation, resulting in the proposal of methodology, has been framed after the summarization of partial conclusions of the individual research approaches. Moreover, stress has been placed to a schematic visualization. Finally, presented dissertation at its end presents its contributions in the area of science and research, practice, pedagogy and methodology.

The doctoral thesis is concerned with Market Orientation (MO) and Customer Relationship Management (CRM). MO and CRM have been under permanent focus of both theoreticians and practitioners in recent years as they are considered to be important for long-term business success. Surprisingly, these two strategic concepts have been examined separately. What is missing is research that would systematically analyse the possible interdependence between MO and CRM. The main aim of the doctoral thesis is to evaluate the existence of interconnections between MO and CRM. This doctoral thesis has been prepared on the basis of secondary research, as well as primary research activities. Both qualitative and quantitative methods have been applied in order to obtain a more complex view on the topic. The main primary research of this thesis was conducted through a questionnaire survey among aerospace companies in the Czech Republic. The hypotheses were tested so as to support the partial objectives, as well. The findings constitute a valuable contribution to broaden the knowledge of MO and CRM. The doctoral thesis has revealed that MO and CRM are interconnected. A tool for CRM measurement was proposed, and the level of MO and CRM in the surveyed companies was determined. The barriers to the implementation of MO and CRM were identified, yet the actual application of these concepts in practice of companies has remained an issue. The conclusions and recommendations were formulated and the contributions to the theory, practice and education were highlighted. The findings offer the possibility of further expansion of research.

Den snabbt växande urbaniseringen och den ökande befolkningen i världen har bidragit till markexploatering i städer, vilket kan ske på bekostnad av åkermarker. Ett annat fenomen som sker globalt är det ökande behovet av livsmedel som förväntas öka med 70% i takt med befolkningstillväxten. I och med Coronapandemin har det även uppdagats att Sverige endast kan försörja 50% av befolkningen vid en kris. De senaste åren har begreppet Stadsbruk vuxit fram, vilket syftar till kommersiell odling i staden. Stadsbruk har bland annat implementerats i fyra städer i södra Sverige, men för att Sverige ska öka sin självförsörjning bör Stadsbruk även fokuseras på och utvecklas i Norrland. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur Stadsbruk kan etableras i större utsträckning längs Norrlandskusten för att möta den ökade efterfrågan på livsmedel i Sverige, den rådande klimat- och energikrisen och ökande markexploateringen. Målet var att få fram ett ramverk för framtida aktörer vid etablering av Stadsbruk längs Norrlandskusten. Arbetet genomfördes som en fallstudie där tre kustlandskommuner i Norrland valdes ut. Därefter utfördes en dokumentanalys och intervjuer. De aktörer som intervjuades var kommuner, forskare, ett företag inom Stadsbruk och ett riksförbund inom odling. Resultatet visade att både traditionell odling och högteknologisk odling behövs som metoder, men att högteknologisk odling bland annat ger möjligheter för större produktionsvolymer, odling året runt och ökad lönsamhet. Studien visade även att industrier längs Norrlandskusten kan integreras med inomhusodling för möjlighet till energieffektiv uppvärmning från spillvärme. De möjligheter som Norrlandskusten besitter är bland annat stora marktillgångar och möjligheterna för odling året runt inomhus med flera väletablerade industrier som kan bidra med spillvärme. En förutsättning för att Stadsbruk ska kunna etableras i större utsträckning är fler regelverk på nationell och kommunal nivå, ökad kompetens, införande av handläggare i kommunen, att företag inom Stadsbruk prioriteras och ges stöd samt att företagen inkluderas tidigt i planprocessen. / The rapidly growing urbanization and increasing population of the world has contributed to land exploitation in cities, which can occur at the expense of arable land. Another phenomenon that is happening globally is the increasing need for food, which is expected to increase by 70% in line with population growth. With the Covid-19 pandemic, it has also been discovered that Sweden can only provide for 50% of the population in a crisis. In recent years, the concept of urban agriculture has emerged, which aims at commercial cultivation in the city. Urban agriculture has, among other things, been implemented in four cities in southern Sweden, but in order for Sweden to increase its self-sufficiency, urban agriculture should also be focused on and developed in Norrland, northern Sweden. The aim of the study is to investigate how urban agriculture can be established to a greater extent along the Norrland coast to meet the increased demand for food in Sweden, the upcoming climate and energy crisis and increasing land exploitation. The objective of this study was to produce a framework for future actors when establishing urban agriculture in municipalities along the Norrland coast. The work was carried out as a case study where three coastal municipalities in Norrland were selected. A document analysis and interviews were then carried out. The actors who were interviewed were municipalities, researchers, one company within urban agriculture and a farming association. The results showed that both traditional cultivation and high-tech cultivation are needed as methods, but that high-tech cultivation offers opportunities for larger production volumes, year-round cultivation and increased profitability. The study also showed that industries along the Norrland coast can be integrated with indoor cultivation for the possibility of energy-efficient heating from industrial waste heat. The opportunities that the Norrland coast possesses are the large land assets and the opportunities for year-round indoor cultivation with many of wellestablished industries that can contribute with waste heat. A prerequisite for urban agriculture to be able to be established to a greater extent is more regulations at national and municipal level, increased competence, introduction of a manager in the municipality, that companies within urban agriculture are prioritized and given support and that the companies are included early in the planning process.

Miljöbegreppet har i modern omvårdnadsforskning fått en allt bredare och djupare dimensiondär människan i sin miljö betraktas ur ett holistiskt perspektiv. Personcentrerad vård är ettarbetssätt där man utgår från patienten som person som inte kan reduceras till enbart sinsjukdom. Att som vårdgivare vara medveten om den fysiska miljön, personers handlingar ochhur den organisatoriska filosofin är uppbyggd skapar en större möjlighet att kunna arbetapersoncentrerat. Personcentrering är det som patienten upplever, medan personcentrerad vårdär arbetssättet som genererar patientens upplevelse av personcentrering. Personcentreratklimat är den miljö där personcentrerad vård sker. De förhållanden som formas mellanpatienten, vårdpersonal, närstående och teknik liksom miljöns atmosfär, omgivning ochomvärld, är avgörande för om patienten kommer att uppleva miljön som vårdande eller ickevårdande. Syftet med studien var att undersöka och beskriva förekomst av personcentrerad vård blandpersoner som vårdats i en högteknologisk vårdmiljö i samband med hjärtkirurgi ochhjärtsvikt. Metoden var en icke-experimentell tvärsnittsstudie som genomfördes inom högteknologiskahjärtsjukvård. Datainsamlingen utfördes med hjälp av två patientrapporterade mått: BeingTaken Seriously Questionnaire - Patient version (BTSQ-P) och Person-Centered ClimateQuestionnaire - Patient version (PCQ-P). Resultatet visade att patienterna upplevde att vården var personcentrerad utifrån att bli tagenpå allvar och att den innefattade ett personcentrerat klimat. Regressionsanalysen visade att ettsäkert klimat är den viktigaste komponenten för känslan av att bli tagen på allvar. Slutsatsen var att högteknologisk hjärtsjukvård inte enbart genererar goda medicinska resultatutan också kan bidra till personcentrerad vård. Vidare drar vi lärdom av studiens resultat medkunskapen om att ett säkert klimat är den viktigaste faktorn inom det personcentreradeklimatet, för patientens upplevelse av personcentrering. / In modern nursing research, the concept of the environment has acquired an ever broader anddeeper dimension where people in their environment are viewed from a holistic perspective.Person-centered care is a way of working that is based on the patient as a person who cannotbe reduced to his or her illness alone. As a caregiver, being aware of the physicalenvironment, people's actions and how the organizational philosophy is structured creates agreater opportunity to be able to work person-centered. Person-centeredness is what thepatient experiences, while person-centered care is the way of working that generates thepatient's experience of person-centeredness. Person-centered climate is the environment inwhich person-centered care takes place. The relationships that are formed between the patient,care staff, relatives and technology, as well as the environment's atmosphere, surroundingsand settings, are decisive for whether the patient will experience the environment as caring oruncaring. The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of person-centered care amongstpeople who have been cared for in a high-tech care environment in connection with heartsurgery and heart failure. The method was a non-experimental cross-sectional study conducted in high-tech cardiaccare. Data collection was performed using two patient-reported measures: Being TakenSeriously Questionnaire - Patient version (BTSQ-P) and Person-Centered ClimateQuestionnaire - Patient version (PCQ-P). The results showed that the patients felt that the care was person-centered based on beingtaken seriously and that it included a person-centered climate. The regression analysis showedthat a safe climate is the most important component for the feeling of being taken seriously. The conclusion was that high-tech cardiac care not only generates good medical results butcan also contribute to person-centered care. Furthermore, we learn from the study results withthe knowledge that a safe climate is the most important factor in the person-centered climate,for the patient's experience of person-centering.

Due to the advancement in AAC technology, set of medical conditions can be assisted using high-tech AAC, serving more patients with varying communication needs. There need to be more studies about the acceptance of HT-AAC among individuals with complex communication needs, by understanding their attitude and behavioral intentions towards this technology. This thesis aims to extend previous literature and address the gap by exploring the perceptions of SLPs' regarding the acceptance of high-tech AAC and the perceived pitfalls associated with using HT-AAC. An exploratory research method combined with qualitative approach was chosen to answer the research questions and serve the purpose of the study. SLPs recognize the importance of HT-AAC in various aspects of their patients' lives. The findings highlight the need for comprehensive support, specialized training, and addressing implementation challenges to maximize HT-AAC acceptance and usage. By addressing these aspects, HT-AAC can enhance the communication and overall quality of life for patients with communication difficulties. / På grund av framstegen inom AAC-teknik kan uppsättning medicinska tillstånd hjälpas med hjälp av högteknologisk AAC, vilket betjänar fler patienter med varierande kommunikationsbehov. Det behöver göras fler studier om acceptansen av HT-AAC bland individer med komplexa kommunikationsbehov, genom att förstå deras attityd och beteendeintentioner gentemot denna teknik. Den här avhandlingen syftar till att utöka tidigare litteratur och ta itu med klyftan genom att utforska SLPs uppfattningar om acceptansen av högteknologisk AAC och de upplevda fallgroparna som är förknippade med att använda HT-AAC. En explorativ forskningsmetod kombinerad med kvalitativ ansats valdes för att besvara forskningsfrågorna och tjäna syftet med studien. SLPs erkänner vikten av HT-AAC i olika aspekter av deras patienters liv. Resultaten belyser behovet av omfattande stöd, specialiserad utbildning och hantering av implementeringsutmaningar för att maximera acceptans och användning av HT-AAC. Genom att ta itu med dessa aspekter kan HT-AAC förbättra kommunikationen och den övergripande livskvaliteten för patienter med kommunikationssvårigheter.

Open innovation is a phenomenon that has gained vast attention since its introduction in 2003. It has been identified that organizations are experiencing a shift from the innovation process towards an open innovation approach. However, research on open innovation in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) has shown to require more attention in the literature. This study investigated the effect of resources and capabilities in Swedish SMEs to address the challenges of liability of smallness. The purpose of this research is to investigate the challenges that Swedish SMEs in the high-tech industry face while opting for an open innovation approach. For that, the following research question was answered: How do resources and capabilities affect Swedish SMEs in engaging in open innovation to overcome the liability of smallness?  A resource-based theory has been implied in this study which examines from five distinct perspectives namely, strategy, process, corporate structure, cross-company network, and culture.  This thesis paper is a qualitative study that has been conducted by semi-structured interviews with five Swedish SMEs. The empirical data was then thematically analyzed and seven themes have been developed from the data analysis. The findings reveal that firstly, Swedish SMEs in the high-tech industry are open to external collaboration and accepting innovative ideas coming from both internal and external sources. Therefore, empirical evidence shows that Swedish SMEs are not always reluctant to make a shift towards open innovation. Rather it has been found that SMEs are open to opportunities to tackle the obstacle of smallness. Secondly, resources and capabilities have a positive effect on the performance of the SMEs. Allocation of resources both financial and human resources results in the successful commercialization of a project, thus by gaining a competitive advantage the performance of the firm improves significantly. Thirdly, whilst the liability of smallness has shown to have an impact on Swedish SMEs in the high-tech industry, it has also been identified how smallness also can be viewed as an asset. Smallness as an asset has been found to make an impact on Swedish SMEs in the high-tech industry and the unique opportunities that they possess. Leveraging open innovation and capitalizing on flexibility, linear corporate structure, inclusive culture, and leveraging formal and informal networks to engage in external collaboration has been shown to have an effect on SMEs and contribute to smallness as an asset. Therefore, a comprehensive conceptual framework has been developed in this study that integrates insights gained from the research.

1995年網際網路正式成為台灣社會的消費產品，以往則是侷限於學術領域的非營利使用；1996年以後，科技官僚與通訊和資訊業者履稱網際網路已成為「全民運動」。本研究的主題即分析網際網路作為一項新事物，諸種政治與經濟力量如何塑造其於台灣社會的發展過程。首先探討發展現況，指出網際網路因循傳播資源分配的不平等現象，而且國家機器、通訊和資訊業資本連袂將公眾變賣為消費者。其次爬梳網際網路在台灣的變遷歷程，由於1970年代國家機器訂定資訊工業為策略工業，鋪造未來發展網際網路所需要的技術條件，以及國家機器主導科技政策協助經濟發展的局面；時至1996年，網際網路被國家機器扶為國家資訊通信基本建設（NII）的主軸，用以謀求經濟的進一步發展。在這期間國家機器不斷製造的高科技意識型態，經由重視通訊和資訊業廣告預算的傳播媒體再生產與銷售「全民運動」的假象與迷思。

The thesis describes and analyses the evolution of the Czech industry since the beginning of the economic transformation in 1990 till today and it forecasts it's likely further development. The chapter one presents a brief description of the Czech industrial sector in the 19th and the 20th centuries. The chapter n. 2 is dedicated to the evolution in 1980s, the last decade before the collapse of the centrally planned economy. The third chapter describes the transformation process in the beginning of the 1990s. It focuses on the privatization, which was the most important constituent of the economic transformation from the perspective of the Czech industry. Chapters n. 4 and 5 focus on the evolution and restructuration of the Czech industry in the 1990s and in the first decade of the new millennium. The biggest attention is paid to the international trade, foreign direct investments, industrial production, industrial workforce and changes of the industrial structure. Chapter n. 6 is devoted to the evolution in the past 1,5 year and it describes the evolution of the Czech industry in the context of the global economic recession. The last part of the thesis outlines the probable evolution of the Czech industry in the future.