Reports on undergraduate medical education in the recent decade clearly point towards a need for greater integration of content in the medical curriculum. The pedagogy of an integrated curriculum embraces many models of integration, representing a continuum where full integration sits at one end and disciplinebased teaching at the other, with many intermediate steps between the two extremes. A vertically integrated curriculum seeks to bridge the preclinical and clinical divide in content by teaching the content concurrently rather than sequentially, but still retaining discipline boundaries. A horizontally integrated curriculum seeks to further break down the distinctions between the basic and clinical sciences, with the early years of the program focusing on the basic sciences and introducing clinical features into the program wherever possible as part of a gradual shift to a more continued collaborative clinical focus. At the College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, the overall redesigned curricular program will be phased in over the next four years of the curriculum, with a greater emphasis towards an integrated approach of the teaching and learning of human disease. In the first year, this has led to the creation of a patchwork quilt teaching style, where a cross disciplinary functional system incorporates elements of the traditional basic science components of anatomy, physiology, embryology, and histology, and an introduction of core general pathological concepts in a vertical and horizontal integrated fashion. <p>The main objective of this research, detailed in Chapter 1, was to investigate the advantages and disadvantages of the two models of horizontal and vertical integration of the reorganized structural teaching of pathology through an analysis of the perceptions of medical educators and first- and second-year students in the undergraduate curriculum at the College of Medicine, and based contextually within a theoretical framework of the newly designed medical curriculum. <p>In this context, the literature review in Chapter 2 focused on four major areas that are the underpinnings of the pedagogy of pathology teaching in the undergraduate medical curriculum: (a) integration concepts in relation to medical education; (b) the practice of pathology teaching in the past, present, and future; (c) theories of curricular integration; and (d) its effects on the student learning environment. This resulted in the development of the pre-research conceptual framework for this study. <p>The in-service monitoring research design for this study included a triangulation of research methodologies using multiple data sources, multiple subjects, and multiple data collection techniques using comparative qualitative and quantitative research inquiry techniques. Data collected from the semi-structured interviews of the medical faculty provided not only an understanding of the educators perceptions towards the integrated curriculum, but also some insight towards their feelings of respect, power, and identity in this new integrative environment. Personal perceptions of fear, apathy, and stress and perceptions regarding accountability and sustainability of this integrative process were also observed as arising from this educational intervention. <p>Quantitative data analysis collected from the first-year student survey questionnaires derived the following grand mean responses with respect to the vertical integration of pathology teachings: student learning satisfaction with integration (3.6); the learning environment (3.8); student engagement (3.3); and student stress (2.9). The grand mean responses to horizontal integration showed a similar trend: student learning satisfaction (3.7); learning environment (4); student engagement (3.5); and student stress (3). Perceptions of the second-year medical students to horizontal integration of pathology teachings were comparable: student learning satisfaction (3.7); learning environment (4.2); student engagement (3.7); and student stress (3.1). A comparison of first- and second-year medical students showed a significant difference (p<0.05) with respect to the domains of student engagement with active independent learning. This difference may, perhaps, be directly related to the level of maturity of the first- versus second-year students, coupled with the receptiveness, awareness, and familiarity of the integration process between the two groups. There were no perceived differences between the horizontal and vertical integrative learning environments. Likewise, inter-modular and inter-system components within the vertical and horizontal integration did not demonstrate any major differences. These results are explored in greater detail in Chapters 4 and 5.<p>One of the noteworthy findings of this study was the statistically significant difference between the perceptions of first-year medical and dental students in both vertical and horizontal integrative environments in many domains, including student learning satisfaction (p<0.001); learning environment (p<0.001); and student engagement (p<0.01). There was no difference in student stress perceptions between the two groups of first-year students. The main theme linking these disparities seemed to be related to a lack of academic and vocational relevance of the undergraduate medical course teachings to the inter-professional composite cohort of dental students. This has led to the creation of an independent course dedicated to first-year dental students. This rapid in-service responsive evaluation thus recognized a major immediate dissatisfaction, resulting in curricular program change. Other curricular changes are underway to address student concerns of ineffective curricular content and time management. An unexpected emergent theme of this study was the recognition of a perception gap between students and faculty medical educators. This is probably nested in complex factors, such as generational learning differences and attitudes towards the learning environment, which are beyond the research scope of this study.<p>In conclusion, the results of this study strongly supports an overall balanced composite curricular design, including facets of horizontal, vertical, and diagonal integration that meet the needs of the student learner and satisfy the expectations of the medical faculty as the best practice plan for the instruction of pathology in the newly designed integrated medical curriculum. As learning is the central function of all education, perhaps the future of successful effective medical educational learning environments are those in which an intergenerational component of students and instructors can engage as true joint partners in curriculum organization to provide the right balance between faculty expectations and student learner needs.

Reports on undergraduate medical education in the recent decade clearly point towards a need for greater integration of content in the medical curriculum. The pedagogy of an integrated curriculum embraces many models of integration, representing a continuum where full integration sits at one end and disciplinebased teaching at the other, with many intermediate steps between the two extremes. A vertically integrated curriculum seeks to bridge the preclinical and clinical divide in content by teaching the content concurrently rather than sequentially, but still retaining discipline boundaries. A horizontally integrated curriculum seeks to further break down the distinctions between the basic and clinical sciences, with the early years of the program focusing on the basic sciences and introducing clinical features into the program wherever possible as part of a gradual shift to a more continued collaborative clinical focus. At the College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, the overall redesigned curricular program will be phased in over the next four years of the curriculum, with a greater emphasis towards an integrated approach of the teaching and learning of human disease. In the first year, this has led to the creation of a patchwork quilt teaching style, where a cross disciplinary functional system incorporates elements of the traditional basic science components of anatomy, physiology, embryology, and histology, and an introduction of core general pathological concepts in a vertical and horizontal integrated fashion. <p>The main objective of this research, detailed in Chapter 1, was to investigate the advantages and disadvantages of the two models of horizontal and vertical integration of the reorganized structural teaching of pathology through an analysis of the perceptions of medical educators and first- and second-year students in the undergraduate curriculum at the College of Medicine, and based contextually within a theoretical framework of the newly designed medical curriculum. <p>In this context, the literature review in Chapter 2 focused on four major areas that are the underpinnings of the pedagogy of pathology teaching in the undergraduate medical curriculum: (a) integration concepts in relation to medical education; (b) the practice of pathology teaching in the past, present, and future; (c) theories of curricular integration; and (d) its effects on the student learning environment. This resulted in the development of the pre-research conceptual framework for this study. <p>The in-service monitoring research design for this study included a triangulation of research methodologies using multiple data sources, multiple subjects, and multiple data collection techniques using comparative qualitative and quantitative research inquiry techniques. Data collected from the semi-structured interviews of the medical faculty provided not only an understanding of the educators perceptions towards the integrated curriculum, but also some insight towards their feelings of respect, power, and identity in this new integrative environment. Personal perceptions of fear, apathy, and stress and perceptions regarding accountability and sustainability of this integrative process were also observed as arising from this educational intervention. <p>Quantitative data analysis collected from the first-year student survey questionnaires derived the following grand mean responses with respect to the vertical integration of pathology teachings: student learning satisfaction with integration (3.6); the learning environment (3.8); student engagement (3.3); and student stress (2.9). The grand mean responses to horizontal integration showed a similar trend: student learning satisfaction (3.7); learning environment (4); student engagement (3.5); and student stress (3). Perceptions of the second-year medical students to horizontal integration of pathology teachings were comparable: student learning satisfaction (3.7); learning environment (4.2); student engagement (3.7); and student stress (3.1). A comparison of first- and second-year medical students showed a significant difference (p<0.05) with respect to the domains of student engagement with active independent learning. This difference may, perhaps, be directly related to the level of maturity of the first- versus second-year students, coupled with the receptiveness, awareness, and familiarity of the integration process between the two groups. There were no perceived differences between the horizontal and vertical integrative learning environments. Likewise, inter-modular and inter-system components within the vertical and horizontal integration did not demonstrate any major differences. These results are explored in greater detail in Chapters 4 and 5.<p>One of the noteworthy findings of this study was the statistically significant difference between the perceptions of first-year medical and dental students in both vertical and horizontal integrative environments in many domains, including student learning satisfaction (p<0.001); learning environment (p<0.001); and student engagement (p<0.01). There was no difference in student stress perceptions between the two groups of first-year students. The main theme linking these disparities seemed to be related to a lack of academic and vocational relevance of the undergraduate medical course teachings to the inter-professional composite cohort of dental students. This has led to the creation of an independent course dedicated to first-year dental students. This rapid in-service responsive evaluation thus recognized a major immediate dissatisfaction, resulting in curricular program change. Other curricular changes are underway to address student concerns of ineffective curricular content and time management. An unexpected emergent theme of this study was the recognition of a perception gap between students and faculty medical educators. This is probably nested in complex factors, such as generational learning differences and attitudes towards the learning environment, which are beyond the research scope of this study.<p>In conclusion, the results of this study strongly supports an overall balanced composite curricular design, including facets of horizontal, vertical, and diagonal integration that meet the needs of the student learner and satisfy the expectations of the medical faculty as the best practice plan for the instruction of pathology in the newly designed integrated medical curriculum. As learning is the central function of all education, perhaps the future of successful effective medical educational learning environments are those in which an intergenerational component of students and instructors can engage as true joint partners in curriculum organization to provide the right balance between faculty expectations and student learner needs.

The purpose of this qualitative study is to examine barriers and facilitators to collaboration within compulsory care for substance abusers according to LVM. Furthermore, the aim is to examine how these factors affect the care provided to clients with comorbidity of substance abuse and mental health disorders. The empirical data are based on experiences of professionals who work at the social services, at LVM-institutions and at operations that accept clients according to 27 § LVM. The result is divided into three periods, which are before the institution, during the institution and after the institution. The barriers and facilitators are divided into three theoretical themes in each period. These themes are regulations, organisation and point of view. Different forms of vertical and horizontal integration are used to supplement the analysis and examine what significance each form of integration has on the care provided to clients with comorbidity. The result shows that the barriers and facilitators are relatively similar in each period of the LVM-care. Overall, it seems that it is set up for the collaboration to fail at some point because of the unpredictable barriers, which is why it is important that a high degree of both vertical and horizontal integration exist, since one of them is not enough to bring overall satisfactory care for the clients with comorbidity. A closeness to each other and an organisation that is more coordinated can lead to a high degree of integration on both levels.

Background: Studies of complex and big-ticket tenders such as construction contracts have been the main research focus of public procurement. The efficiency of these low frequency transactionsis inherently hard to study, since the real world offers a wide range of variables that could explain the discrepancies. What is not studied to large extents are high frequency transactions, with low transaction volume, of common goods. These purchases are mostly overlooked due to the lack of documentation that exists, primarily explained by the low degree of digitalization and transparency on smaller contracts/transaction that fall below the EU reporting thresholds.Purpose: The purpose of this research is to examine the existence of price discrepancies for homogenous goods in public procurement between Swedish municipalities. Furthermore, provide insight and possible explanations to this phenomenon in accordance with economic theory.Method: This study opted to use a quantitative method of research to look at different municipalities and their procurement invoices. The quantitative data has been compiled and adjusted to comparable numbers, so that differences can be identified with clarity.Conclusions: The study concludes that there are significant price discrepancies for homogenous goods in the public procurement sector. With price variations ranging from being negligible to paying twice the price. The selected theoretical framework points towards opportunism and asymmetric information being the main sources of the price discrepancies. Improvement could possibly be made by shifting policies towards further digitalization of the procurement process and horizontally integrating the public sphere. In turn reducing asymmetric information and transaction costs, making less room for opportunistic behavior due to improvements in ex ante and ex post costs. From the results of the empirics, a speculative cost saving potential of 7.90 % is estimated.

Realizou-se um estudo das interações entre vários agentes que poderiam estar envolvidos com a estruturação de uma cooperação intermunicipal voltada à política pública de saúde. Pudemos observar que as estruturas formatadas ocorrem como uma combinação linear de plenamente espontânea, quando, então, há a interação dos personagens a nível municipal, a totalmente induzida, quando, então, a capacidade de coerção exercida pela União é suficiente para induzir os Municípios a adotarem uma postura de compartilhamento dos recursos a nível regional. De qualquer forma, o estudo verificou que interferem na formatação de uma estrutura de cooperação algumas variáveis tais como as externalidades, a motivação e incentivos, as instituições e suas alterações, a capacidade de coordenação e de solubilidade da assimetria informacional, entre outras. Assim sendo, desenhamos um arcabouço teórico apoiado nas teorias tradicional de finanças públicas, de escolha coletiva, de contratos e na institucional, a fim de esmiuçarmos dois exemplos diametralmente polarizados: a estruturação da cooperação na forma de uma coalizão por meio de um consórcio intermunicipal e a estruturação da cooperação na forma de convênios por meio da institucionalização de normas operacionais editadas pelo SUS. / A study on the interactions between several agents that could be involved with the arrangement of an intermunicipal cooperation facing the public policy of health has taken place. We could observe that the formatted structures happen as a linear combination of plenarily spontaneous, when, thus, there is the interaction of the personages at a municipal level, totally induced, when, hence, the coercion capacity set forth by the Union is enough to induce municipal districts to adopt a resourcesharing deportment at a regional level. Nevertheless, the study has verified that some variables interfere in the formulation of a structure of cooperation, such as the externalities, motivation and incentives, institutions and its modifications, the capacity of coordination and solubility of informational asymmetry, among many others. Therefore, we have designed a theoretical structure sustained on the theories of traditional public finances, of public choice, of contracts and on the institutional, aiming to crumble two diametrically polarized examples: the formulation of the cooperation as a coalition through an inter-municipal consortium and the arrangement of cooperation as pacts, which are made by the institutionalization of operational norms edited by SUS.

Realizou-se um estudo das interações entre vários agentes que poderiam estar envolvidos com a estruturação de uma cooperação intermunicipal voltada à política pública de saúde. Pudemos observar que as estruturas formatadas ocorrem como uma combinação linear de plenamente espontânea, quando, então, há a interação dos personagens a nível municipal, a totalmente induzida, quando, então, a capacidade de coerção exercida pela União é suficiente para induzir os Municípios a adotarem uma postura de compartilhamento dos recursos a nível regional. De qualquer forma, o estudo verificou que interferem na formatação de uma estrutura de cooperação algumas variáveis tais como as externalidades, a motivação e incentivos, as instituições e suas alterações, a capacidade de coordenação e de solubilidade da assimetria informacional, entre outras. Assim sendo, desenhamos um arcabouço teórico apoiado nas teorias tradicional de finanças públicas, de escolha coletiva, de contratos e na institucional, a fim de esmiuçarmos dois exemplos diametralmente polarizados: a estruturação da cooperação na forma de uma coalizão por meio de um consórcio intermunicipal e a estruturação da cooperação na forma de convênios por meio da institucionalização de normas operacionais editadas pelo SUS. / A study on the interactions between several agents that could be involved with the arrangement of an intermunicipal cooperation facing the public policy of health has taken place. We could observe that the formatted structures happen as a linear combination of plenarily spontaneous, when, thus, there is the interaction of the personages at a municipal level, totally induced, when, hence, the coercion capacity set forth by the Union is enough to induce municipal districts to adopt a resourcesharing deportment at a regional level. Nevertheless, the study has verified that some variables interfere in the formulation of a structure of cooperation, such as the externalities, motivation and incentives, institutions and its modifications, the capacity of coordination and solubility of informational asymmetry, among many others. Therefore, we have designed a theoretical structure sustained on the theories of traditional public finances, of public choice, of contracts and on the institutional, aiming to crumble two diametrically polarized examples: the formulation of the cooperation as a coalition through an inter-municipal consortium and the arrangement of cooperation as pacts, which are made by the institutionalization of operational norms edited by SUS.

Purpose: The aim of this thesis is to explore the impact that increased availability of digital distribution has on physical distribution. The focus is on the effects that digital distribution has on the value creating processes of game developers with regard to distribution alternatives, strategic networks and consumer interaction. Additionally we examine if there is a future for physical distribution of games in an increasingly digital market. Background: It is estimated that only the online gaming market alone will turn over more than $13 billion in 2013. In terms of market potential this means that video gaming has already surpassed the movie industry and is closing in on the music industry (Jöckel, Will &amp; Schwarzer, 2008). Digital distribution is gaining ground in the game industry (Cook, 2012), and access to high-speed internet connectivity is also increasing at a rapid pace. This creates a choice for game developers to adapt their strategies to the new ways of distribution. The previous view of the market was a linear value chain where developers must use intermediaries to reach an end consumer (Williams, 2002). The network dynamics appear to have changed, consumers have an impact on development and there are more complex interactions between the actors in order to generate better value. Method: The thesis uses an exploratory qualitative research method by conducting semi-structured interviews with developers on how the distribution channels have changed. Secondary data concerning the value chain, networks, and value constellations and was gathered to support the empirical background of the market. Conclusion: The value chain has been reconfigured from the classical value chain to a value constellation as increased online availability has changed the distribution possibilities allowing reciprocal relationships and user co-production as well as disintermedation of middle-hands. Value is created for the game developers through three different paths in our own value constellation: portals, direct sales homepage, and through publisher. In all three paths consumers play an important role through user participation in the value creation through user created content and user feedback through community and fan-base activities.. Our conclusion is that the future of physical distribution in the current format is threatened by digital alternatives, and will likely be discontinued in the long run and/or radically changed to include more physical value adding content.

關鍵詞：軟體元件供應鏈、水平整合、企業資源規劃、ebXML、Web Service 近年來國內資訊硬體產業分工模式完整、廠商表現亮眼，不僅外銷國外市場，有些更擁有高自有品牌知名度，在在可窺視硬體產業之供應鏈管理推行的成效。相對於硬體產業而言，雖然國內軟體業者對於上下游廠商的定義劃分不很清楚，但事實上已然存在著相當程度的分工，在專案或產品開發角色上彼此合作。隨著軟體元件概念與技術的進步與普及，分工程度漸趨專業的可能性增大，究竟軟體產業可以存在著何種分工模式呢？ 本研究即是針對國內軟體產業，實行軟體元件供應鏈(Software Component Supply Chain)的相關合作機制做一個探討，試圖去思考如何參考國內資訊硬體廠商的專業分工模式及供應鏈管理推動成功的經驗，而達成國內軟體產業供應鏈管理的推行。 本研究以企業資源規劃(Enterprise ReSource Planning)系統的套裝軟體業者為例，提出一個水平整合(Horizontal Integration)各模組的方法論，並設計出相對應的解決方案，再加以實作驗證。本研究於技術上使用類似於ebXML的流程整合技術，並利用XML及網路服務(Web Service)等方式來達到元件之間鬆散耦合的目的。 若不同之企業資源規劃系統套裝軟體中的各個模組，可以依照需求而方便的進行某個程度的水平整合，則軟體元件供應鏈的藍圖已然勾勒出來，也勢必將帶給軟體業者一個勢力重分配的機會。本研究除了希望能解決模組問水平整合相關的技術瓶頸外，軟體產業未來的元件分工模式，也是本研究所要探討的主題。 / Keywords: Software Component Supply Chain, Horizontal Integration, Enterprise Resource Planning, ebXML, Web Service In recent years, the computer hardware industry contributes a splendid performance in Taiwan. In addition to the export to foreign country, some even have a well-known brand. With no doubt, we can see the whole picture of the intact-division of labor in the hardware industry, and the outstanding performance of its carrying out supply chain management. Although the definition of division between upstream and downstream is not so clear in the software industry, there do exist a division of labor to some degree. As the popularity and progress of the concepts and technologies of the software component, the possibility of specialization in division of labor will get increasing in the software industry. There is an interesting research topic, which form of division of labor will exist in the software industry after all. The focus of this study is on the collaborative mechanism of software component supply chain in the software industry. We try to figure out how to refer to the successful experience of hardware industry implementing supply chain management to drive the supply chain management of the software component in domestic software industry. This study will takes the ERP package vendors as the study object to propose a methodology of horizontal integration of different software packages and to do further implementation for verification. Technically, this study applies an ebXML-like process-oriented integration technology, and facilitates the purpose of low coupling between components by using XML and web service technology. If the integration among the modules of different ERP packages could be made to some extent, the picture of division of labor in the software industry could be outlined, and it also will brings the software vendors some chance to re-allocate. In addition to solve the bottlenecks of technical problems of software horizontal integration, the future model of division of labor in software industry will be also a subject to address in this study.

Syftet med avhandlingen är att beskriva, analysera och diskutera vilka organisatoriska och interorganisatoriska förhållanden som har betydelse för mellanchefers möjlighet att driva hållbar verksamhetsutveckling. Avsikten är att studera samspelet mellan organisatoriska och interorganisatoriska förhållanden kopplat till mellanchefers förändringskompetens. Forskningen har skett inom ramen för ett omfattande nationellt FoU-projekt inom vård och omsorg. Projektets syfte var att arbeta med ett hållbart utvecklingsarbete som byggde på en bred delaktighet bland anställda och chefer. Studien är en kvalitativ studie med ett interaktivt förhållningssätt, vilket innebär en ambition att forska med de berörda inom ramen för en gemensam kunskapsbildning. Den interaktiva forskningen strävar efter att vara till praktisk nytta, men framförallt är syftet att bidra till teoriutvecklingen. De datainsamlingsmetoder som använts är arbetsplatsbesök, intervjuer, ”critical incident”-metoden, reflektions-PM (inom ramen för två utbildningar), analysdialog- och reflektionsseminarier, informella samtal samt återföringsträffar. Ett antal gemensamma aktiviteter har anordnats inom ramen för det nationella projektet, vilka även har fungerat som datainsamling och gemensam analys, såsom nationella konferenser, styrgruppsmöten m.m. Avhandlingens resultat visar att mellancheferna inom vård och omsorgssektorn kan ha en strategisk roll i verksamhetsutvecklingen. Avsikten med min forskning har inte varit att generalisera resultaten i traditionell mening, men att visa på mekanismer och förutsättningar för mellancheferna vid organisering av utvecklingsarbetet. De organisatoriska villkoren – i form av ekonomi, ansvar, befogenheter, professionalisering och företagskultur – påverkar starkt mellanchefernas förutsättningar att driva ett utvecklingsarbete. Min forskning visar på intressanta möjligheter för mellancheferna när det gäller att åstadkomma en vertikal och horisontell integrering av utvecklingsarbetet. Det finns exempel på hur mellanchefer kunnat påverka och utnyttja dessa förutsättningar för att skapa ett handlingsutrymme i organisationen för att driva ett utvecklingsarbete. De har använt sig av målstyrning, skapat utrymme för lärande och reflektion samt skapat en organisationskultur som stöder utveckling. De interorganisatoriska förutsättningarna – i form av externt nätverk, forskarstöd och partsamverkan – har varit viktiga för mellancheferna i deras utvecklingsarbete. / The aim of the dissertation is to describe, analyse and discuss those organisational and interorganisational conditions which are of importance for the enablement of middle managers to drive sustainable development in activity areas. The intention is to study the interplay between organisational and inter-organisational conditions coupled to the change competence of the middle managers. The research has been carried out within the framework of an extensive national R&amp;D project within healthcare and caring. The aim of the project was to work with a sustainable development effort which had as its foundation a broad participation between employees and management. The study is a qualitative study with an interactive type of approach, which implies an ambition to carry out research with those affected within the framework of a joint knowledge gathering. The interactive research attempts to be of practical use, but the aim is primarily to contribute to theoretical development. The data collection methods which have been used are visits to the workplaces, interviews, “critical-incident” methods, reflective-PMs (within the framework of two education areas), analytical dialog and reflective seminars, informal conversations and feedback meetings. A number of common activities have been organised within the framework of the national project, which have also functioned as data collection and common analyses, as well as national conferences, steering group meetings etc. The results of the dissertation show that middle managers within the healthcare and caring sector can have a strategic role in the development of this activity area. The intention of my research has not been to generalise the results in the traditional interpretation, but to reveal mechanisms and prerequisites for the middle managers in organising development efforts. The organisational conditions – in the form of economy, responsibility, authority, professionalisation and company culture – strongly affect the prerequisites of the middle manager for driving a development effort. My research demonstrates interesting opportunities for the middle managers concerning achieving a vertical and horizontal integration of the development effort. There are examples of how the middle managers have been able to influence and utilise these prerequisites in order to create room for action in the organisation for driving a development effort. They have availed themselves of goal orientation, created room for learning and reflection and have created an organisational culture that supports development. The inter-organisational prerequisitess – in the form of an external network, research support and collaboration of parties – has been important for the middle managers in their development efforts.

Tourism industry, one of the most rapid growing economic activities around the world, brings countries foreign exchange and creates million jobs. Due to the huge profit involved, more and more countries recognize the importance of tourism marketing and start to include it into their national development plan, so does Taiwan. However, little attention has been paid in the academic field to Taiwan’s tourism promotions on a global basis. Therefore, this research aims at analyzing how Taiwan manages and integrates its tourism marketing communications in its three main target regions—Northeast Asia, Southeast Asia, and Europe and America—from the perspective of Globally Integrated Marketing Communication (GIMC), and uses the current campaign “Tour Taiwan Years 2008-2009” as the subject. Following the IMC Audit proposed by Duncan (2002), this case study conducts document analysis and in-depth interviews with Tourism Bureau to investigate how Taiwan integrates its global communication either vertically across marketing disciplines or horizontally across countries. In addition, the level of standardization across marketing disciplines is compared, and suggestions for employing GIMC model are also provided. The finding can be summarized into three points: 1. Either within each region or across regions, the strategies Tourism Bureau employs are close to globally integrated strategy, but with different level of vertical and horizontal integrations. 2. The proposition, which suggests that public relation, sales promotion, and direct marketing are more difficult to standardize compared to advertising, is not supported in the case of “Tour Taiwan Years 2008-2009.” 3. The application of GIMC to tourism marketing in this case suggests that strategy should be the guiding principle for integration; and the classification of GIMC strategy should be adjusted and made based on a continuum approach.