Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T13:54:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Suelena de Moraes Aguiar.pdf: 850478 bytes, checksum: faa5e300f151b0cb23f0b39230a6a07d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-07-04 / Pupils inclusion and exclusion have brought to reality several political and educational debates concerning the demands of children and adolescents with special needs. In this context, the school organization in cycles has been pointed as a mechanism of democratization of the school system, therefore, of educational inclusion. This research is intitled The School Organization in Formation Cycles and Development as a Factor of Educational Inclusion in Goiânia and it has as a study field the Rede Municipal de Educação de Goiânia where I work as a teacher. This research aims the analysis of the proposal of the Formation Cycles and the Human Development implemented in the Rede Municipal de Goiânia in 1998 as a factor of educational inclusion. This research has a qualitative nature and directs the study processes. It is divided into four chapters articulated to the methodology, the objectives and the theoretical bases which guides its problem. We identified several elements which showed the existence of a distance between the school internal and external spaces. These elements refer to the actions of Secretaria Municipal de Educação de Goiânia proposed to the schools at the time of the Cycles System implementation. The Cycles implementation in the RME of Goiânia seems to have happened from top to bottom, without the interaction and participation of the school members and the local community. Concerning the inclusion in the REM, having for basis information obtained from interviews, teachers demonstrated that although they are aware of the laws which assure the pupils inclusion, they still don t understand the Proposal of Educational Inclusion. All the interviewed teachers said that the inclusion process is facing many difficulties. As a final reflexion, it is important to emphasize that to guarantee the inclusion of students in the RME Goiânia, it is necessary the acceptance and involvement of all segments, family, school, community, etc. / A inclusão/exclusão dos alunos trouxe para a realidade diversos debates políticos e educacionais referentes às demandas das crianças e adolescentes que apresentam necessidades especiais. Nesse contexto, a organização da escolaridade em ciclos tem sido apontada como um mecanismo de democratização da escolaridade, portanto, de inclusão educacional. Essa pesquisa é intitulada Organização Escolar em Ciclos de Formação e Desenvolvimento como Fator de Inclusão Educacional em Goiânia e tem como campo de estudo a Rede Municipal de Educação de Goiânia onde atuamos como professora. Seu objetivo é analisar a proposta dos Ciclos de Formação e Desenvolvimento Humano implantada na RME de Goiânia em 1998, como fator de inclusão educacional. A presente pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa e direciona os processos de estudo para a análise dos fatos. Está estruturada em quatro capítulos articulados à metodologia, aos objetivos e às bases teóricas que orientam a sua problemática. Identificamos diversos elementos que evidenciaram um distanciamento entre os espaços exteriores e interiores a escola. Estes elementos se referem às ações da Secretaria Municipal de Educação de Goiânia propostas para a escola na época da implantação dos ciclos. A implantação dos ciclos na RME de Goiânia parece ter acontecido de cima para baixo, sem a devida interação e participação da equipe escolar e comunidade. No que se refere a inclusão na Rede, tendo por base os relatos colhidos nas entrevistas, os professores apesar de demonstrarem conhecimento das Leis que asseguram a inclusão dos alunos, ainda não compreendem a proposta de Inclusão Educacional. Todos os entrevistados relataram que a inclusão na RME de Goiânia vem se desenvolvendo com muitas dificuldades. Como reflexão final, é importante destacar que, para garantir a inclusão dos alunos na RME torna-se necessário a aceitação e envolvimento de todos os segmentos, família, escola, comunidade etc.

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo examinar a formação do senso de justiça das pessoas sob a perspectiva da teoria de justiça da escolha social e de rankings incompletos, de Amartya Sen (2009). Pretende também investigar algumas formas de educar o cidadão para a justiça a fim de se pensar políticas públicas nas escolas que estimulem o florescimento do sentido de justiça nas pessoas. Para tanto, a teoria de justiça de Sen (2009) é apresentada e relacionada a teorias sobre a formação do indivíduo e fases críticas de seu desenvolvimento, em específico a formação de aspectos cognitivos e não cognitivos e sua interação. Ao fim, são indicados caminhos para a educação voltada para a justiça. / This study aims to examine the development of the sense of justice following Amartya Sen’s (2009) social choice and incomplete rank justice theory. Alongside this, in order to present some alternatives about public policies in schools that could encourage the flourishing of a sense of justice, a reflection about ways to educate citizens towards justice is made. To do so, Sen’s Idea of Justice is introduced and related to theories about individual development, combined with an analysis of sensitive stages of human development. Particular attention is given on the interaction of cognitive and non-cognitive abilities. At the end, some thoughts about public policies and the education system are made.

Este trabalho busca investigar a participação dos pequenos semelhantes bebês, crianças e seus pares na constituição subjetiva e no desenvolvimento humano. Para isto, foi realizada uma revisão da teoria psicanalítica embasada em três principais autores: Freud, Lacan e Winnicott. Posteriormente, esta revisão foi confrontada com dados de observação da Psicologia do Desenvolvimento para verificar possíveis pontos de apoio na teoria psicanalítica. O pequeno semelhante ao qual este trabalho se refere é o semelhante que se apresenta para um bebê ou criança ainda no início de sua constituição subjetiva, e que apresenta características constitutivas similares à do sujeito. Foram eleitos três operadores de leitura sobre o tema: a identificação, a agressividade e a cooperação. Esses três operadores surgem ao longo de toda a problemática que envolve os pequenos semelhantes. Freud trabalha preferencialmente o semelhante inserido na lógica do complexo de Édipo e dá indícios sobre a participação do pequeno semelhante na constituição subjetiva. Lacan e Winnicott teorizam os primórdios da constituição subjetiva e atribuem ao pequeno semelhante uma primeira triangulação, considerada a gênese dos sentimentos sociais. A psicologia do desenvolvimento verifica interações entre bebês que confirmam a teoria winnicottiana e lacaniana sobre os pequenos semelhantes, além da teoria freudiana do semelhante. Conclui que o pequeno semelhante pode ter uma participação única e diferencial, ao introduzir o sujeito numa lógica inicial da inveja e ciúme, e contribuir para a integração da agressividade e do amor / This work aims to investigate the participation of toddlers - babies, children and their peers - in subjective constitution and human development. For this, a revision of psychoanalytic theory founded on three main authors was performed. They are: Freud, Lacan and Winnicott. Subsequently, this review was confronted with observational data of the developmental psychology to check for possible footholds in psychoanalytic theory. The toddler to which this paper refers is the toddler who presents itself for a baby or child still early in its subjective constitution, and has similar characteristics to the subject\'s constitutive features. Three reading operators were elected about the theme: identification, aggression and cooperation. These three operators appear throughout the problem involving toddlers. Freud preferably works the human similar inserted into the logic of the Oedipus complex, and provides evidences about the participation of the toddler in subjective constitution. Winnicott and Lacan theorize the primordium of subjective constitution and attribute to the toddler an initial triangulation, considered the genesis of social feelings. The Developmental psychology verifies interactions between babies confirming Winnicott and Lacan\'s theories on toddlers, and Freudian theory about the human similar. Conclude that toddlers can has an unique and differential participation, to introduces the subject in an initial logic of envy and jealousy, and contributes to the integration of aggression and love

O presente trabalho se dedica ao estudo da adoção inter-racial, como importante mecanismo de preservação dos interesses das crianças e dos adolescentes abandonados e institucionalizados no país, dos adotantes e da sociedade em geral. A pesquisa tem início com a análise das normas nacionais e internacionais destinadas à proteção dos direitos das crianças, com especial enfoque aos princípios da dignidade da pessoa humana, do melhor interesse da criança, da convivência familiar e da afetividade. Fixado o regramento jurídico geral a respeito do tema, passa-se à análise do processo de adoção, com especial ênfase ao perfil dos interessados e à adoção inter-racial. Após detalhado estudo das teses favoráveis e contrárias a esta modalidade de adoção, com fundamento na doutrina norte-americana, comprova-se que, uma vez ultrapassados o preconceito racial e a resistência dos interessados à transparência da paternidade afetiva, a medida é extremamente vantajosa aos interesses não apenas dos adotados, como também dos adotantes, dos pais biológicos e da sociedade brasileira. Por fim, a pesquisa conclui que a adoção inter-racial, por promover um reconhecimento positivo dos envolvidos, representa importante mecanismo de inclusão social, de desenvolvimento humano, de prevenção da violência e de combate ao racismo. / The present study aims to examine transracial adoption as an important mechanism to preserve the interests of abandoned and foster care children and adolescents in the country, the adopters and society in general. The research begins with the analysis of national and international standards for the protection of children\'s rights, with a special focus on the principles of human dignity, the best interest of the child, family coexistence and affection. Once the general legal rules on the subject are set, the study goes forward to the analysis of the adoption process itself, with special emphasis on the profile of all the involved in the process and on transracial adoption. After a detailed study of the pros and cons of this type of adoption, based on North American doctrine, it was proven that, once overcome racial prejudice and resistance to the acceptance of affective paternity, this source is extremely advantageous to the interests of both adoptees and adopters, biological parents and Brazilian society. Finally, the research concludes that transracial adoption is an important mechanism of social inclusion, human development, violence prevention and combating racism as it promotes a positive recognition of those involved in this process.

Esse trabalho teve como principal objetivo investigar o processo de aprendizagem autodirigida em aprendizes adultos com formação universitária. Destaca-se a relevância de se identificar modalidades autônomas e intencionais de aprendizagem adulta, a fim de se atingir os objetivos propostos pela UNESCO relacionados à aprendizagem ao longo da vida em um ambiente de mudanças constantes e profundas do ponto de vista social, cultural, ambiental e econômico. O trabalho procura identificar, de modo específico, a incidência de projetos de aprendizagem com características autodirigida, o perfil do aprendiz e as características do projeto, a ocorrência de aprendizagem informal e não-formal e a influência das crenças de autoeficácia e da motivação intrínseca na aprendizagem dirigida. Foram utilizados dois instrumentos: o protocolo de entrevistas para estudo de projetos de aprendizagem de Allen Tough e o Appraisal of Learner Authonomy (ALA), desenvolvido por pesquisadores da Regent University, que mensura as crenças de autoeficácia para a aprendizagem autônoma. Os resultados encontrados demonstram que todos os participantes realizaram projetos de aprendizagem nos doze meses anteriores à realização da entrevista (média = 8,9 projetos/ano). A maioria dos aprendizes adultos (97,9%) realizou pelo menos um projeto por meio da aprendizagem autodirigida, sendo que mais de metade do grupo (68,1%) realizou mais projetos de aprendizagem autodirigidos do que heterodirigidos, apresentando o que denominamos tendência à autodireção (TA). As crenças de autoeficácia não se relacionaram de modo significante com nenhuma das variáveis estudadas. Os participantes com TA realizaram 83,6% de seus projetos em ambientes informais e demonstraram motivação intrínseca em 86,2% dos projetos realizados. Apresentamos um modelo relacionado sobre o aprendiz adulto autodirigido, a autodireção da aprendizagem, as crenças de autoeficácia e a motivação intrínseca / This work aimed to investigate the process of self-directed learning in adult learners with a university degree. We emphasized the importance of identifying intentional and autonomous methods of adult learning in order to achieve the objectives proposed by UNESCO relating to lifelong learning in a profound and constant change environment from social, cultural, environmental and economic point of view. This study seeks to identify, specifically, the incidence of learning projects with selfdirected features, the profile of the learner and the project features, the event of informal and non-formal learning and the influence of self-efficacy beliefs and internal motivators in taught education. Two instruments were used: the interviews protocol for the study of learning projects by Allen Tough and the Autonomy Appraisal of Learner (ALA) developed by researchers at Regent University, which measures selfefficacy beliefs for autonomous learning. The results show that all participants were involved in learning projects in the twelve months prior to the interview (mean = 8.9 projects/year). Most adult learners (97.9%) had at least one project by means of selfdirected learning, and more than half of the group (68.1%) performed more selfdirected learning projects than hetero-directed, presenting what we call a trend to self-direction (TA). The self-efficacy beliefs did not relate with the studied variables significantly. Participants with LD held 83.6% of their projects in informal settings and demonstrated intrinsic motivation in 86.2% of the projects. We present a related model about self-directed adult learner, the self-direction of learning, self-efficacy beliefs and internal motivators

This body of work explores multiple technical and aesthetic methods of representing complex statistical information in an approachable visual language, bridging the boundaries between data science, graphic design and fine arts. Ordinary data charts are combined together with other charts and diagrams and transformed in unexpected ways in order to form the basic structure of mythical landscape scenes. Line plots over time become the rising and falling curves of hills and mountains, bar charts are morphed into industrial factories on the horizon, and bubble charts become billowing smoke, a forest of trees, or a school of fish. The hope is that the work will act as an engaging alternative to traditional data representation and will encourage curiosity and a fresh perspective.

The purpose of this study was to examine the perceived consequences of racism experiences on adult development and overall well-being of highly educated African American males. There were three objectives: to describe African American male responses to experienced racism in four social contexts: on the job, in academia, in the public realm, and statements in the media; to describe African American male social support networks for dealing with racism and to describe their level of satisfaction with those social support network; and to examine the relationship between racism experiences and other variables with two measures of psychological well-being, neuroticism and extraversion. The data used to address the study objectives were derived from a unique sample of responses to questionnaires submitted by 130 African American male college graduates. These men are very extraverted and score within average range on the neuroticism scales. The participants perceived frequent incidences of racism in all four social contexts: on the job, in academic settings, in the public realm, and racist statements in the media. At all developmental levels, the respondents' acknowledged that incidences of racism experiences had occurred in both the "previous year" and "throughout their lifetime. The African American men are acknowledging performing additional tasks during their development that was heretofore never mentioned in developmental theory. The African American male college graduates were very satisfied with the African American supporters European Americans who were a part of their social support network. Results of several regression analyses that entered all independent variables, found that only two variables showed a small but significant negative predictor value for neuroticism. Results of analyses that entered variables for predicting extraversion found that the total number of African American supporters was a small but positive predictor. These graduates provided evidence that they are constantly aware and vigilant about circumstances in American society. They experienced incidences of racism across social contexts and have devised ways to cope, yet they are always looking at themselves through the eyes of others and the negative influences of the ensuing feelings of isolation, hurt and frustration threaten to diminish their sense of well-being.

This study investigated the quality and quantity of sexual communication between teens and parents in relation to the teens' sexual intentions. Perceptions about communication were examined of parents and adolescents of both genders separately. Both same- and cross-gender effects of parental communication on adolescent sexual intent ions were explored. Approximately 290 families (target teen and parent) were measured in pre- and posttests. Parents perceived higher quality communication with teens than teens did, but not necessarily more frequent sexual communication. As teens' perceptions of quality of communication with mother and father went up, teens' sexual intentions went down. The higher sons' intention toward early sexual involvement, the more often sons perceived that their parents talked with them about sexual issues. Daughters who perceived more sexual communication with parents at Time 1 reported higher sexual intentions at Time 2. Fathers perceived that as quality and frequency of communication with daughter went up, the daughter's sexual intentions also went up. Fathers perceived that as frequency of communication with all teens went up, the teen's sexual intentions also went up. Mothers perceived that the higher the quality of communication with sons at Time 1, the higher the sexual intentions among sons at Time 2. The more often mothers perceived that their daughters talked with them about sexual issues at Time 1, the higher the daughters' intention toward early sexual involvement at Time 2. The more the di screpancy between teens and fathers and mothers about communication quality, the more the adolescents' intention toward early sexual involvement.

Identity development is recognized as the key developmental task of late adolescence . The family is thought to serve as a facilitating factor in this development. Traditionally, reference to the family's role in adolescent identity development has alluded to the nuclear family and to parents in particular. However, a growing consensus that nuclear families are not emotionally and psychologically isolated from extended families has permitted greater acceptance of the extended family, especially grandparents, as an integral part of the family . The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between grandparent involvement and adolescent identity development. Identity development was measured by the Extended Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status, which is based on the four identity statuses (Achieved, Moratorium, Foreclosed, and Diffused). Grandparent involvement was measured quantitatively and qualitatively. A sample of 82 female participants in age group 18-20 was recruited from college freshmen enrolled in family and human development courses in the fall quarter 1991. The results indicate when considering grandparent involvement qualitatively, commitment within identity development appeared to be the most prevalent contributory factor while crisis (i.e., exploration) seemed to contribute when examining the quantity of the relationship. This would seem to indicate that the time adolescent grandchildren and grandparents spend together is affected to a large extent by whether the adolescent is in the process of exploring his identity while the adolescent's attitude about grandparents is more affected by commitment in her sense of identity.

Steps to reduce the use of pesticides in agriculture have been pursued by consumers and non-profit organizations, mainly from wealthy countries, pressuring governments to develop laws against the use of pesticides. Despite legislation that bans or severely restricts highly toxic pesticides, their production and use continue to take place in both developed and developing countries. The demand for healthy food and an improved quality of the environment, however, has led to the development of a new market niche for agricultural commodities grown without industrial inputs. Small-scale farmers from Chiapas are producing chemical free coffee and without government regulations or support. Chiapas has become the leading producing state of certified Environmentally-Friendly (EF) coffee production, and Mexico has become the leading country in exports of EF coffee This research project examines factors that have allowed impoverished small-scale farmers to make the investments necessary to use certified EF production and markets. Surprisingly, given the controversies in the literature about EF farming and Industrial Agriculture (IA), no one so far has investigated this question at an individual level. According to the literature on this issue, the reasons farmers have shifted to EF methods are: the fall in global coffee price; the rising price of pesticides; international economic support; the demand for quality coffee; tradition; promotion by private companies; direct trade links, and participation from NGOs and religious leaders However, the results of the study indicate that leading factors in the farmers' decisions were based on organization, more so than prices. Although the literature claims that the fall in the price of coffee and the rise in the costs of IA accounts for the switch to EF coffee, this project provides evidence farmers were more likely to engage in EF agriculture when they had previous knowledge of costs and benefits of IA and EF farming, received the technical knowledge to engage in EF agriculture, their farms had appropriated physical conditions for coffee production, and had low cost access to compost and other relevant organic inputs. In addition, the survey data show that organizational efforts done principally by a religious and other civic leaders, as well as subsequent monitoring and enforcement services by international organizations, such as Fair Trade created the institutional structure necessary for the EF market. This suggests that farmers sought economic security more than maximization of wealth and the factors above allowed them to find it with EF coffee / acase@tulane.edu